In approximately 1/4 of the patients, orbicularis oris muscle involvement was observed.
Hoon Young Lee, Ung Sik Jin, Kyung Won Minn, Young-Oh Park 2013, 'Outcomes of Surgical Management of Xanthelasma Palpebrarum', Archives of Plastic Surgeryhttp://www.e-aps.org/upload/pdf/aps-40-380.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
In nine patients with essential blepharospasm, botulinum toxin was injected into the orbicularis oculi muscles.
Thomas Ravi, Mathai Annie, Rajeev B, Sen Subir, Jacob Pushpa 1993, 'Botulinum toxin in the treatment of paralytic strabismus and essential blepharospasm',Indian Journal of Ophthalmologyhttp://www.ijo.in/article.asp?issn=0301-4738;year=1993;volume=41;issue=3;spage=121;epage=124;aulast=Thomas. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
He postulated that these findings could be due to orbicularis muscle excision.
Lee Kiang, Peter Deptula, Momal Mazhar, Daniel Murariu, Fereydoun Don Parsa 2014, 'Muscle-Sparing Blepharoplasty: A Prospective Left-Right Comparative Study', Archives of Plastic Surgeryhttp://www.e-aps.org/upload/pdf/aps-41-576.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
We removed pretarsal tissue, fat, the orbicularis oculi muscle, and orbital fat.
Hong Sang Yoon, Bo Young Park, Kap Sung Oh 2014, 'Tarsodermal Suture Fixation Preceding Redundant Skin Excision: A Modified Non-IncisionalUpper Blepharoplasty Method for Elderly Patients', Archives of Plastic Surgeryhttp://www.e-aps.org/upload/pdf/aps-41-398.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
There are anatomical variations of the orbicularis branches of the zygomatic nerve.
Min-Hee Ryu, MD, David Kahng, MD, Lee Seng Khoo, MD, William Wei-Kai Lao, MD 2018, 'Preserving Orbicularis Branches of the Zygomatic Nerve with the Orbicularis OculiMuscle—Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System Flap Complex in Facelift Surgery', Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Global Openhttp://journals.lww.com/prsgo/fulltext/10.1097/GOX.0000000000001961. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Many wrinkles were simultaneously observed as a result of contraction of the orbicularis oculi muscle.
Hirohiko Kakizaki, Yasuhiro Takahashi, Masahiro Zako, et al 2011, 'Inferior displacement of the lower eyelid during intraoperative quantification inblepharoptosis surgery', Clinical Ophthalmologyhttp://www.dovepress.com/inferior-displacement-of-the-lower-eyelid-during-intraoperative-quanti-a6301. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The diagnosis was ascertained by electromiography and biopsy of orbicularis palpebrae muscle.
João P. Rodrigues, Wison Sanvito, Roberto Melaragno Filho 1968, 'Distrofia oftalmoplégica progressiva. Forma de inicio ocular precoce e comprometimentomuscular universal tardio Progressive ophthalmoplegic dystrophy', Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatriahttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X1968000100010. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Surface electromyography revealed persistent frontalis muscle contraction during relaxation of orbicularis oculi muscles.
Lin YH, Liou LM, Lai CL, Chang YP 2013, 'Right putamen hemorrhage manifesting as apraxia of eyelid opening', Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatmenthttp://www.dovepress.com/right-putamen-hemorrhage-manifesting-as-apraxia-of-eyelid-opening-a14495. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)