in a manner not associated with any other living organism
Examples of 'axenically' in a sentence
axenically
The extracts found to be active intracellularly were further studied axenically under reducing oxygen concentrations.
Purva D. Bhatter, Pooja D. Gupta, Tannaz J. Birdi 2016, 'Activity of Medicinal Plant Extracts on Multiplication of Mycobacterium tuberculosisunder Reduced Oxygen Conditions Using Intracellular and Axenic Assays', International Journal of Microbiologyhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8073079. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Neither bacterium grows axenically in artificial culture media.
Nicholas B. Chamberlain, Yohannes T. Mehari, B. Jason Hayes, Colleen M. Roden, DestaalemT. Kidane, Andrew J. Swehla, Mario A. Lorenzana-DeWitt, Anthony L. Farone, John H.Gunderson, Sharon G. Berk, Mary B. Farone 2019, 'Infection and nuclear interaction in mammalian cells by ‘Candidatus Berkiella cookevillensis',a novel bacterium isolated from amoebae', BMC Microbiologyhttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12866-019-1457-z. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
All were axenically cultivated in both complex and defined media and cloned.
João Evangelista Fiorini, Paulo Márcio de Faria e Silva, Maurílio José Soares, ReginaldoPeçanha Brazil 1989, 'Três novas espécies de tripanosomatídeos de insetos isolados em Alfenas, Minas Gerais,Brasil Three new species of trypanosomatidae isolated in Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil',Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02761989000100013. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Both species could be cultivated axenically on acetaldehyde, yielding energy from its disproportionation to ethanol and acetate.
Alexander Schmidt, Marco Frensch, David Schleheck, Bernhard Schink, Nicolai Müller 2014, 'Degradation of acetaldehyde and its precursors by Pelobacter carbinolicus and P. acetylenicus.',PLoS ONEhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4275255?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)