Occurrences of the unusual pigments vivianite and fluorite were identified in a few sixteenth-century works.
Marika Spring 2017, 'New insights into the materials of fifteenth- and sixteenth-century Netherlandishpaintings in the National Gallery, London', Heritage Sciencehttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40494-017-0152-3. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Vivianite nodules are abundant in both sediments of cold (anoxic) and warm (oxic) stages.
P. S. Minyuk, T. V. Subbotnikova, L. L. Brown, K. J. Murdock 2013, 'High-temperature thermomagnetic properties of vivianite nodules, Lake El'gygytgyn,Northeast Russia', Climate of the Pasthttp://www.clim-past.net/9/433/2013/cp-9-433-2013.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Heating vivianite and sulfur mixtures stimulates the formation of monoclinic pyrrhotite.
P. S. Minyuk, T. V. Subbotnikova, L. L. Brown, K. J. Murdock 2013, 'High-temperature thermomagnetic properties of vivianite nodules, Lake El'gygytgyn,Northeast Russia', Climate of the Pasthttp://www.clim-past.net/9/433/2013/cp-9-433-2013.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Vivianite acts as a reductant and reduces hematite to magnetite and masks the goethite–hematite transition during heating.
P. S. Minyuk, T. V. Subbotnikova, L. L. Brown, K. J. Murdock 2013, 'High-temperature thermomagnetic properties of vivianite nodules, Lake El'gygytgyn,Northeast Russia', Climate of the Pasthttp://www.clim-past.net/9/433/2013/cp-9-433-2013.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Magnetic properties of vivianite are due to the respective product of oxidation as well as sediment and mineral inclusions.
P. S. Minyuk, T. V. Subbotnikova, L. L. Brown, K. J. Murdock 2013, 'High-temperature thermomagnetic properties of vivianite nodules, Lake El'gygytgyn,Northeast Russia', Climate of the Pasthttp://www.clim-past.net/9/433/2013/cp-9-433-2013.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Three types of curves for high-temperature dependent susceptibility of vivianite indicate different degrees of oxidation and inclusions in the nodules.
P. S. Minyuk, T. V. Subbotnikova, L. L. Brown, K. J. Murdock 2013, 'High-temperature thermomagnetic properties of vivianite nodules, Lake El'gygytgyn,Northeast Russia', Climate of the Pasthttp://www.clim-past.net/9/433/2013/cp-9-433-2013.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)