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单词 scratch
释义
scratch1 verbscratch2 nounscratch3 adjective
scratchscratch1 /skrætʃ/ ●●● S3 verb Entry menu
MENU FOR scratchscratch1 rub your skin2 cut somebody’s skin3 make a mark4 animals5 remove something6 remove writing7 make a noise8 scratch the surface9 scratch your head10 stop something happening11 remove from race12 you scratch my back, I’ll scratch yoursPhrasal verbsscratch aroundscratch something out
Word Origin
WORD ORIGINscratch1
Origin:
1300-1400 Probably from scrat ‘to scratch’ (13-19 centuries) + cratch ‘to scratch’ (13-16 centuries)
Verb Table
VERB TABLE
scratch
Simple Form
PresentI, you, we, theyscratch
he, she, itscratches
PastI, you, he, she, it, we, theyscratched
Present perfectI, you, we, theyhave scratched
he, she, ithas scratched
Past perfectI, you, he, she, it, we, theyhad scratched
FutureI, you, he, she, it, we, theywill scratch
Future perfectI, you, he, she, it, we, theywill have scratched
Continuous Form
PresentIam scratching
he, she, itis scratching
you, we, theyare scratching
PastI, he, she, itwas scratching
you, we, theywere scratching
Present perfectI, you, we, theyhave been scratching
he, she, ithas been scratching
Past perfectI, you, he, she, it, we, theyhad been scratching
FutureI, you, he, she, it, we, theywill be scratching
Future perfectI, you, he, she, it, we, theywill have been scratching
Examples
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES
  • Be careful not to scratch the table with those scissors.
  • Don't scratch - it will only make the itching worse.
  • Don't scratch - the rash will get infected.
  • Don't use that cleaner - it'll scratch the sink.
  • He sat scratching his head, trying to think of the answer.
  • He sat thinking, scratching his head.
  • I scratched my hand on a rusty nail.
  • I scratched the side of the car as I was backing it into the driveway.
  • I had several mosquito bites, and it was difficult not to scratch them.
  • She found her friend, Felicia Moon, bruised and scratched after a fight with her husband.
  • The cat scratched me while I was playing with her.
  • The cat will scratch if you make her mad.
  • The dog kept scratching at the door to be let in.
  • The medicine relieves the itching, so the child doesn't scratch so much.
  • There's a spot in the middle of my back that itches - can you scratch it for me?
  • Well, I guess we can scratch that idea.
EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS
  • For a couple of years he scratched out a living, feeling sorry for himself and dissipating his savings.
  • I scratch my face to feel a bloodless mound.
  • Maura rubbed her face against his cheek and felt his stubble scratching against her smooth skin.
  • One of these involves using the hind leg to scratch an area of skin to which an irritant has been applied.
  • She scratched the knife along the zipper of my jeans and threw the blade again.
  • They scratched themselves, and worse.
Thesaurus
THESAURUS
to put your fingers or hand onto someone or something for a very short time: · Don’t touch the iron – it’s hot!
to touch something with your fingers in order to find out about it: · Feel how soft this material is.· I felt his forehead. It was cold.
to touch something and pick it up and hold it in your hands: · Children should always wash their hands before handling food.· The glass was very fragile, and she handled it with great care.· Please do not handle the merchandise.
to touch or handle something with your fingers, especially while you are thinking of other things: · She fingered the heavy necklace around her neck.
to move your hand over a surface while pressing it: · Bob rubbed his eyes and yawned.
to rub part of your body with your nails, often because it itches: · The dog kept scratching its ear.· Bob scratched his head thoughtfully.
to move your fingers lightly over someone’s body in order to make them laugh: · The baby giggled as I tickled him.
to touch someone’s body in a sexual way when they do not want to be touched: · The officer was accused of groping several women in his platoon.
Longman Language Activatorto cut part of your body, especially accidentally
· She cut her hand trying to open a can of sardines.cut something on something · One of the children had cut her foot on some glass.cut yourself shaving · Phil cut himself shaving this morning.
to cut part of your body very slightly leaving a long very thin cut: · The cat scratched me while I was playing with her.· She found her friend, Felicia Moon, bruised and scratched after a fight with her husband.
to slightly break the surface of your skin by rubbing against something, for example when you fall on the ground: · Oliver fell down on the path and grazed his knee.· I wasn't really hurt - I scraped my elbows a bit, that's all.
a large, deep cut in someone's skin: · The accident left her with an ugly gash above the left eye.
to accidentally make a small cut in the surface of your skin: · I must have nicked myself when I was shaving this morning.
to damage something
to break part of something or spoil its appearance: · The goods were damaged during transport.· Don't put any hot things on the table - you'll damage the surface.badly/severely damaged: · The building had been severely damaged by fire.
if one thing or person does or causes damage to another, it damages that person or thing - use this especially to say how much damage there is: · The explosion caused over £50,000 worth of damage.· In the end, the Internet virus did little permanent damage.do/cause damage to: · Too much sun can do serious damage to your skin.
to damage a machine or piece of equipment so that it does not work or cannot be used: · Leave that clock alone - you'll break it!· We used to have a remote control for the TV, but my brother broke it.
to damage a painted or polished surface by making long thin marks on it with something sharp or rough: · Be careful not to scratch the table with those scissors.· I scratched the side of the car as I was backing it into the driveway.
to move your hand or a cloth several times over something
· Alice yawned and rubbed her eyes.· Rub the bowl with garlic before adding the breadcrumbs.· If you rub hard the knives will become really shiny.rub something into something · About once a month I rub wax into the table to keep it in good condition.rub something in · Tom spread sun cream onto the baby's back and began to rub it in.rub something off/from something · The teacher turned and rubbed what he had written off the board.rub something off · She washed her hands and face, rubbing the lipstick away with a flannel.rub something clean/dry/smooth etc · precious stones that have been rubbed smooth and set in gold
British to rub something for a short time: · I gave the mirror a quick rub with a cloth and it was clean again.· ''If you meet a young man'', she instructed ''bite on your lips and give your cheeks a rub to bring up the colour''.
to rub something, especially a part of the body, with your fingernails: · He sat thinking, scratching his head.· I had several mosquito bites, and it was difficult not to scratch them.· Don't scratch - it will only make the itching worse.
to put your hand on someone or something
to put your fingers or hand onto someone or something: · Don't touch the plates - they're hot!· I cut my knee last week, and it still hurts if I touch it.· Barry never lets anyone touch the piano.· "What are you thinking?" she asked, touching his arm.
to touch something in order to find out how hard or soft, hot, cold etc it is: · Just feel this material - it's so soft!· The nurse felt his forehead to see if he had a fever.· "The flowers look so real - I can't believe they're silk," she said, feeling the petals.
to move your hand over something and feel the surface of it: · She ran her hand over the satiny black surface of the piano.· The man took off his cap and ran his hand through his thick brown hair.· I ran my hand along the wall, looking for a light switch.
to move your hands or fingers quickly backwards and forwards over part of your body, while pressing down, especially in order to make a pain less severe: · Colin yawned and rubbed his eyes.· Could you rub my neck? It's really stiff.· Bill had fallen on the path and was rubbing his knee.
to rub your finger nails hard on part of your skin, for example because it itches: · Don't scratch - the rash will get infected.· He sat scratching his head, trying to think of the answer.· There's a spot in the middle of my back that itches - can you scratch it for me?
to hold something small in your hands and keep moving it around, especially because you are nervous or bored: · She fiddled nervously with her watch strap.· Stop fiddling with your toys and pay attention.
WORD SETS
ablaze, adjectiveacoustic, adjectiveacoustics, nounaglow, adjectivebaa, verbbabble, verbbabble, nounbabel, nounbaby talk, nounbackfire, verbbackground, nounbang, nounbang, verbbang, interjectionbark, verbbark, nounbattle cry, nounbay, verbbeat, verbbeat, nounbellow, verbbellow, nounblare, verbblast, nounbleat, verbbleep, nounbleep, verbblip, nounbong, nounboom, nounboom, verbbowwow, interjectionbrassy, adjectivebray, verbbrazen, adjectivebreathy, adjectivebubble, verbbump, nounchatter, verbchatter, nounclink, verbclink, nouncrack, verbcrack, nouncrackle, verbcrackling, nouncrash, verbcrash, nouncreak, verbcreaky, adjectivecroak, verbcroak, nouncrow, nouncrow, verbcrunch, nouncrunch, verbding-dong, noundiscord, noundiscordant, adjectivedrone, verbdrone, noundrown, verbdrum, verbdrumbeat, noundrumming, noundull, adjectiveecho, verbecho, nounfizz, verbflat, adjectivefootfall, nounfootstep, nounfusillade, noungrinding, adjectivegroan, verbgroan, noungrunt, verbgrunt, nounguffaw, verbgunshot, nounguttural, adjectivehigh, adjectivehigh, adverbhiss, verbindistinct, adjectiveirregular, adjectivelow, verbmarbled, adjectivematching, adjectivemellow, adjectivemelodic, adjectivemelodious, adjectivemetallic, adjectivemoan, verbmoan, nounmodulate, verbmonotone, nounmoo, verbmurmur, verbmurmur, nounmusical, adjectivemusically, adverbmute, verbnasal, adjectivenoise, nounoink, interjectionoof, interjectionpatter, verbpatter, nounpeal, nounpeal, verbpenetrating, adjectivepercussion, nounpsychedelic, adjectivepulse, nounputter, verbquack, verbquack, nounquaver, nounracket, nounrasp, verbrasp, nounraspberry, nounrat-a-tat, nounrattle, nounraucous, adjectivereedy, adjectivereport, nounresonance, nounresonant, adjectiveresonate, verbresonator, nounresound, verbresounding, adjectivereverberate, verbreverberation, nounrich, adjectivering, nounring, verbringing, adjectiveripple, verbripple, nounroar, nounroaring, adjectiveroll, verbrough, adjectiverustle, verbrustle, nounscratch, verbscratch, nounscream, verbscream, nounscrunch, verbsmoky, adjectivesnarl, verbsoft, adjectivesoft-spoken, adjectivesonorous, adjectivesotto voce, adverbsplosh, verbsweet, adjectiveswoosh, verbtick-tock, nountinny, adjectivetonal, adjectivevivid, adjectivevowel, nounwail, verbweak, adjectivewhack, nounwham, interjectionwhine, verbwhinny, verbwhirr, verbwhistle, verbwhistle, nounyelp, nounyowl, verbzoom, noun
Collocations
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
· If a cat gets angry, it may scratch you with its claws.
(=especially because you do not understand something)· He scratched his head and started looking through the drawers again.
(=to barely earn enough money to live)· The farmers in these drought-stricken areas are barely able to scratch out a living.
· The chairs had made scratch marks on the floor.
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSNOUN
· I scratched the back of my neck, picked up the cue stick, and tried an easy shot.· He disengaged and scratched the back of his neck.
· He put down the phone and scratched his chin.· He scratched chin, neck, belly.
· Gaily let in the cat, scratching at the door.· A few nights later, the husband and his wife were awakened by scratching on the door.· At once he ran to the house and began scratching at the door.· He's probably locked in the kitchen, scratching at the door trying to get out.· I hear a scratching sound at the door.· One day, the missionary was awakened by the sound of scratching at the door, and the noise of whining.
· But then she scratched me between the ears and I started purring despite myself.· He reached down and scratched Bone behind the ears.· The first rabbit stopped in a sunny patch and scratched his ear with rapid movements of his hind-leg.
· They were scratching their faces with broken bottles.· I scratch my face to feel a bloodless mound.· There were still scratches on his face on Sunday.· The old woman's fingers curved into talons and she scratched at Jazzbeaux's face.· All women do things to themselves like that here; cut their wrists, scratch their faces.· I scratched everywhere but my face, and Mandy had to take absence from work to take care of me.· It used to scratch your face.· Don't twiddle your hair, pull your ears, scratch your face, nor rub your nose or chin.
· Silence and a faster scratching of her hand.
· How shall we word a letter so as not to offend the parents? Head starts scratching himself.· Mr Hellyer straightened up, moved his cap to the back of his head and scratched it.· When the system's first efforts were shown to Clarks' cobblers, many a grey head was scratched and shaken.
· He drew his hand away, quite unobtrusively, he thought, and scratched his nose.· I had to use great concentration and all of the strength that I had to reach up and scratch my nose.
· So far, research into psychoneuroimmunology has done no more than scratch the surface of this potentially important topic.· I would watch the broom scratch across the surface of the floors and on the stairs in front of the house.· But Mr Smith has merely scratched the surface of Labour's election promises.· The end of the upper branches scratched the surface like phonograph needles.· Mr Burrows added cultivator tines to scratch the surface and provide an adequate tilth for the rapeseed.· After purchasing a card from a vendor or through the mail, customers scratch off the surface to reveal their account number.· The above four cases only scratch the surface.· But after a summer in Trinidad, he realized he had only scratched the surface of the eclectic and complex belief system.
Phrases
PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY
  • Budget directors are scratching their heads about how to deal with the shortfall.
  • The last question really left us scratching our heads.
  • He scratched his head, a sure sign of thought.
  • One, and he scratched his head about this, appeared to be a sparrow.
  • There's nothing more guiltily satisfying than watching the experts scratch their heads.
  • They studied the map for a while, scratched their heads, turned it upside down and studied it some more.
  • When I scratched his head, he would not hold still as long as before.
  • Where possible he would seize scraps of parchment and draw lines, muttering to himself and scratching his head.
  • You scratch your heads in selection, and can't find a proper balance with less than 12.
► you scratch my back, I’ll scratch yours
  • So far, we have only scratched the surface of the information available on this topic.
  • A lot of titles for this year you may think, but I've only scratched the surface.
  • All too soon it was over and we left feeling we had just scratched the surface of this fascinating Republic.
  • But after a summer in Trinidad, he realized he had only scratched the surface of the eclectic and complex belief system.
  • But Mr Smith has merely scratched the surface of Labour's election promises.
  • Mr Burrows added cultivator tines to scratch the surface and provide an adequate tilth for the rapeseed.
  • So far, research into psychoneuroimmunology has done no more than scratch the surface of this potentially important topic.
  • The above four cases only scratch the surface.
  • The end of the upper branches scratched the surface like phonograph needles.
PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
  • Peter the Great had to start from scratch when he built St. Petersburg.
  • As she explained, it was not easy to start from scratch.
  • It would be arrogant foolishness to ignore that experience and to start from scratch designing a stringing by ear.
  • Once more, Machanguana is starting from scratch.
  • The only way to design tastefully was to start from scratch, he had said.
  • The revenue from the product also starts from zero when none are sold and rises proportionately to invoiced sales.
  • The trainees work hard, but they must start from scratch.
  • This is especially true if the group starts from scratch with no designated roles or previous experience of working together.
  • We do not have to start from scratch.
1rub your skin [intransitive, transitive] to rub your skin with your nails because it feels uncomfortable → itch:  John yawned and scratched his leg. Try not to scratch.scratch at He was scratching at the bites on his arm.► see thesaurus at touch2cut somebody’s skin [intransitive, transitive] to cut someone’s skin slightly with your nails or with something sharp:  She ran at him and scratched his face. Don’t scratch yourself on the thorns.3make a mark [transitive] to make a small cut or mark on something by pulling something sharp across it:  I’m afraid I’ve scratched your car. Some of the prisoners had scratched their names on the walls.4animals [intransitive always + adverb/preposition] if an animal scratches, it rubs its feet against something, often making a noise:  A few chickens scratched around in the yard.scratch at a dog scratching at the door to be let in5remove something [transitive always + adverb/preposition] to remove something from a surface by rubbing it with something sharpscratch something off/away etc I scratched away a little of the paint with my fingernail.6remove writing [transitive always + adverb/preposition] to remove a word from a piece of writing by drawing a line through it SYN  cross outscratch something from/off something I have scratched his name from the list.7make a noise [intransitive always + adverb/preposition] to make a rough sound by moving something sharp across a surface:  His pen scratched away on the paper.8scratch the surface to deal with only a very small part of a subject or problemscratch of I think we have only scratched the surface of this problem.9scratch your head informal to think carefully about a difficult question or problem:  This crisis has politicians scratching their heads and wondering what to do.10stop something happening [transitive] informal if you scratch an idea or a plan, you decide that you will not do it SYN  abandon11remove from race [intransitive, transitive] informal if someone scratches from a race, or if you scratch them from the race, they do not take part in it12you scratch my back, I’ll scratch yours spoken used to say that you will help someone if they agree to help you → scrape/scratch a living at living2(1)scratch around (also scratch about British English) phrasal verb to try to find or get something which is difficult to find or getscratch around for homeless people scratching around for a place to shelterscratch something ↔ out phrasal verb to remove a word from a piece of writing by drawing a line through it SYN  cross out:  Emma’s name had been scratched out.
scratch1 verbscratch2 nounscratch3 adjective
scratchscratch2 ●●○ noun Entry menu
MENU FOR scratchscratch1 cut2 mark3 from scratch4 up to scratch5 rub6 sound
Examples
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES
  • a scratch on the car door
  • His face was covered in scratches.
  • It's just a scratch - nothing serious.
EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS
  • He looked with concern at the scratches on Lucy's face, then poured tea which he insisted she drank at once.
  • Small imperfections such as cuts and scratches can be sanded out with fine sandpaper.
  • So, in one sense I was not starting entirely from scratch.
  • Stories can be begun from scratch or spun off samples.
  • That was kind of from scratch.
  • That was the same idea Albiez had in 1990 when he decided to make an electric car from scratch.
  • The former captain of Staffordshire, who played off scratch for many years, beat his age by two shots.
  • The last of his scratch marks have faded now but his memories never will.
Thesaurus
Longman Language Activatornot good enough
· I'm afraid I can't translate this letter. My Italian isn't good enough.not be good enough for · The soil here isn't good enough for arable farming.· I paid $40 for that champagne, but it wasn't good enough for your snobbish friends.not be good enough to do something · a good club player, but not good enough to play for his country
formal not good enough and likely to cause problems or make people unhappy: · People should not accept unsatisfactory products. They should complain.· It was a most unsatisfactory meeting - not a single decision was made.· Sharing my office with the two secretaries proved an unsatisfactory arrangement.
not good enough for a particular purpose or for what someone needs: · The disease spread quickly because of poor living conditions and inadequate health care.hopelessly/woefully inadequate (=extremely inadequate): · My light clothing was hopelessly inadequate for the cold Japanese winter.· The training that nurses get is woefully inadequate.
if someone's performance, work, or products are not up to scratch , they are not of the standard that is necessary or expected: · I wonder if Sykes is ill. His work hasn't been up to scratch lately.· Schools are being threatened with closure if exam results are not up to scratch.· If they don't come up to scratch, you can do them all again.
generally considered to be below the necessary standard: · More money should be spent on the improvement of substandard housing.· Most household goods sold here are substandard, but food is plentiful and cheap.· substandard accommodation
to not achieve the level or quality that someone expects: · The film didn't live up to our expectations. It was too long and the acting was appalling.· Mark found that he simply could not live up to his teachers' high standards.· So far, she has not lived up to the tremendous promise she displayed earlier.
British spoken use this about something that is not good enough for a particular purpose: · I need strong nylon thread. Cotton won't do.· I can't accept this quality of work. It just won't do.· Handwritten notes won't do for our purposes. You'll have to type them.
American spoken to not have the ability, strength etc to succeed in a particular job or activity: · Most of the kids who start here are young and haven't worked before. Some just can't cut it.
not hurt or injured
to not be hurt, even though you have been in a dangerous situation such as an accident: · The driver of the car was unhurt, but his passenger was killed.escape unhurt: · Six day trippers escaped unhurt when their hot air balloon hit power lines.otherwise unhurt (=apart from a condition that is not serious or physical): · The younger woman was suffering from shock but was otherwise unhurt.shaken/shocked but unhurt (=shocked, but not physically hurt): · The two youths, shaken but unhurt, declined to talk about the incident.
to not be hurt or harmed, even though you have been in a dangerous situation: · The hostages were released unharmed some time afterwards.escape unharmed: · All fourteen people who were working inside the building when the blaze started escaped unharmed.
informal if you have a dangerous experience and escape from it without a scratch , you do not have any injury at all, because you have been very lucky: walk away/escape without a scratch: · All four people in the car were seriously hurt, but the truck driver walked away without a scratch.
informal not seriously hurt in a war, accident etc: · Unlike Ed, Josh returned from the war in one piece.all in one piece: · I was extremely relieved when my son came back from the warzone all in one piece.
to not get injured in a very dangerous situation you have been involved in, because you have been very lucky - used especially in news reports: · I can hardly believe they were able to just walk away from the crash -- I thought they'd all been killed.
written not injured at all, even though you have had a dangerous experience: · The bullet grazed the side of his head, leaving him virtually unscathed.escape/emerge/come out of something unscathed: · Most of the passengers escaped from the plane unscathed.
use this to say that someone will not be hurt if they do something, or was not hurt by doing something, going somewhere etc: · If you keep quiet, you'll come to no harm.· I'm sure Craig's old enough to catch a train into town without coming to any harm.· Fortunately, none of the hostages came to any serious harm.
WORD SETS
ablaze, adjectiveacoustic, adjectiveacoustics, nounaglow, adjectivebaa, verbbabble, verbbabble, nounbabel, nounbaby talk, nounbackfire, verbbackground, nounbang, nounbang, verbbang, interjectionbark, verbbark, nounbattle cry, nounbay, verbbeat, verbbeat, nounbellow, verbbellow, nounblare, verbblast, nounbleat, verbbleep, nounbleep, verbblip, nounbong, nounboom, nounboom, verbbowwow, interjectionbrassy, adjectivebray, verbbrazen, adjectivebreathy, adjectivebubble, verbbump, nounchatter, verbchatter, nounclink, verbclink, nouncrack, verbcrack, nouncrackle, verbcrackling, nouncrash, verbcrash, nouncreak, verbcreaky, adjectivecroak, verbcroak, nouncrow, nouncrow, verbcrunch, nouncrunch, verbding-dong, noundiscord, noundiscordant, adjectivedrone, verbdrone, noundrown, verbdrum, verbdrumbeat, noundrumming, noundull, adjectiveecho, verbecho, nounfizz, verbflat, adjectivefootfall, nounfootstep, nounfusillade, noungrinding, adjectivegroan, verbgroan, noungrunt, verbgrunt, nounguffaw, verbgunshot, nounguttural, adjectivehigh, adjectivehigh, adverbhiss, verbindistinct, adjectiveirregular, adjectivelow, verbmarbled, adjectivematching, adjectivemellow, adjectivemelodic, adjectivemelodious, adjectivemetallic, adjectivemoan, verbmoan, nounmodulate, verbmonotone, nounmoo, verbmurmur, verbmurmur, nounmusical, adjectivemusically, adverbmute, verbnasal, adjectivenoise, nounoink, interjectionoof, interjectionpatter, verbpatter, nounpeal, nounpeal, verbpenetrating, adjectivepercussion, nounpsychedelic, adjectivepulse, nounputter, verbquack, verbquack, nounquaver, nounracket, nounrasp, verbrasp, nounraspberry, nounrat-a-tat, nounrattle, nounraucous, adjectivereedy, adjectivereport, nounresonance, nounresonant, adjectiveresonate, verbresonator, nounresound, verbresounding, adjectivereverberate, verbreverberation, nounrich, adjectivering, nounring, verbringing, adjectiveripple, verbripple, nounroar, nounroaring, adjectiveroll, verbrough, adjectiverustle, verbrustle, nounscratch, verbscratch, nounscream, verbscream, nounscrunch, verbsmoky, adjectivesnarl, verbsoft, adjectivesoft-spoken, adjectivesonorous, adjectivesotto voce, adverbsplosh, verbsweet, adjectiveswoosh, verbtick-tock, nountinny, adjectivetonal, adjectivevivid, adjectivevowel, nounwail, verbweak, adjectivewhack, nounwham, interjectionwhine, verbwhinny, verbwhirr, verbwhistle, verbwhistle, nounyelp, nounyowl, verbzoom, noun
Collocations
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY
 There were deep scratches all over her face.
 Don’t worry, it’s only a scratch (=not a serious injury).
 We had to start again from scratch.
 He had built the business up from scratch.
 We spent thousands of pounds getting the house up to scratch.
 He stretched and had a scratch.
 He brushed his hair and gave his scalp a good scratch.
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
· If a cat gets angry, it may scratch you with its claws.
(=especially because you do not understand something)· He scratched his head and started looking through the drawers again.
(=to barely earn enough money to live)· The farmers in these drought-stricken areas are barely able to scratch out a living.
· The chairs had made scratch marks on the floor.
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSNOUN
· The last of his scratch marks have faded now but his memories never will.
VERB
· The Electricity Board will tell you what you need to bring the installation up to scratch.
· The man who was building the city from scratch.· Most will evolve naturally from smaller towns and counties, rather than being built from scratch.· It will built from scratch by Pickering Staplina in their Lancashire factory.· Effective administration needs people, managers, unswerving devotion and discipline; building from scratch needs capital and carefully calculated investment.· They don't have to build their stores from scratch.· Before he could build the electronics to go inside the equipment, Ryan had to build the casing from scratch.· Grammar schools already had adequate facilities or could build them from scratch.· A new one has to be built from scratch but fabrication can only start when plans are eventually acquired from York.
· But does it come up to scratch for educational value?· The inquiry will take up to three years but councillors are determined to make sure properties come up to scratch.· Are we then, at our age, to have a fight, to come to scratches and blows?· However, while the clean side of things is fine, the Laney's distorted sounds fail to come up to scratch.· If they don't come up to scratch, we can complain to their professional body and seek redress.
· He had won that place by raising cattle on pastureland made from scratch.· And to get that in Arizona you had to make it from scratch.· D., wants to know how to make egg rolls from scratch.
· As she explained, it was not easy to start from scratch.· The group disbanded without drawing any conclusions, and knew they would have to start from scratch learning about fueltank explosions.· It would be arrogant foolishness to ignore that experience and to start from scratch designing a stringing by ear.· Once more, Machanguana is starting from scratch.· So, in one sense I was not starting entirely from scratch.· We do not have to start from scratch.· The only way to design tastefully was to start from scratch, he had said.· Frank, like an old sergeant, had to start them all from scratch.
Phrases
PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY
  • Doug baked the cake from scratch.
  • The company was started from scratch in 1995, but its annual sales are already over $20 million.
  • A growing number of workers are put on short-term contracts which are renewed only if their work is up to scratch.
  • His grammar and accent were not up to scratch, and he kept running to the airport.
  • So do feel free to change anything that strikes you as not up to scratch.
  • That today's pop culture isn't up to scratch?
  • The couple told stunned housing officials that the three-bedroom flat simply was not up to scratch for their needs.
PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
  • Peter the Great had to start from scratch when he built St. Petersburg.
  • As she explained, it was not easy to start from scratch.
  • It would be arrogant foolishness to ignore that experience and to start from scratch designing a stringing by ear.
  • Once more, Machanguana is starting from scratch.
  • The only way to design tastefully was to start from scratch, he had said.
  • The revenue from the product also starts from zero when none are sold and rises proportionately to invoiced sales.
  • The trainees work hard, but they must start from scratch.
  • This is especially true if the group starts from scratch with no designated roles or previous experience of working together.
  • We do not have to start from scratch.
1cut [countable] a small cut on someone’s skin:  There were deep scratches all over her face. Don’t worry, it’s only a scratch (=not a serious injury). She was unharmed apart from a few cuts and scratches.2mark [countable] a thin mark or cut on the surface of something:  There was a big scratch on the car door.3from scratch if you start something from scratch, you begin it without using anything that existed or was prepared before:  We had to start again from scratch. He had built the business up from scratch.4up to scratch British English informal good enough for a particular standard:  Some of this work isn’t up to scratch.bring/get something up to scratch We spent thousands of pounds getting the house up to scratch.5rub [singular] especially British English when you rub part of your body with your nails because it feels uncomfortable:  He stretched and had a scratch. He brushed his hair and gave his scalp a good scratch.6sound [countable] a sound made by something sharp or rough being rubbed on a hard surface:  I heard the scratch of an animal’s claws on the door.
scratch1 verbscratch2 nounscratch3 adjective
scratchscratch3 adjective [no comparative] Examples
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES
  • The kitchen has a beautiful wooden floor, but it's badly scratched.
word sets
WORD SETS
ace, nounace, verbacrobat, nounacrobatic, adjectiveacrobatics, nounaction replay, nounaerobic, adjectiveaim, nounaim, verball-American, adjectiveall-seater, adjectivearena, nounAstroTurf, nounattack, verbaway, adverbaway, adjectiveback, nounbackhand, nounbackhanded, adjectivebackhander, nounbackspin, nounball, nounball game, nounbaseline, nounbat, nounbench, verbbleachers, nounblock, nounbobble, verbbout, nounbowl, nounbowl, verbbowling alley, nounbowling ball, nounbowling green, nounbox, nounbox, verbboxer, nounbronze, nounbronze medal, nounbye, nouncall, verbcall, nouncap, verbcaptain, nouncaptain, verbcaptaincy, nounchange, verbchanging room, nouncheer, nouncheerleader, nouncheerleading, nounchip, nounchip, verbcircuit training, nounclose season, nounclubhouse, nouncoach, nounconference, nouncontender, nouncourse, nouncourse, verbcourt, nouncover, verbcross, verbcross, nouncross-country, adjectivecrown, nouncup, nouncup final, nouncup tie, nouncurve, noundead, adjectivedecider, noundefence, noundefend, verbdefender, noundefensive, adjectivederby, noundisallow, verbdisqualify, verbdivision, noundivot, noundown, adverbdraft, noundraw, verbdraw, noundribble, verbdribble, noundrive, noundrop, verbdrop goal, noundropkick, noundrop shot, noundrubbing, noundugout, nouneleven, numberequalize, verbequalizer, nouneven, adjectiveevent, nounface, nounfast, adjectivefavourite, nounfeint, nounfield, verbfielder, nounfieldsman, nounfield sports, nounfight, verbfight, nounfighter, nounfinalist, nounfirst half, nounfirst-string, adjectivefixture, nounflat, adjectiveflip, nounfollow-through, nounfootball, nounfootwork, nounform, nounfoul, nounfoul line, nounfriendly, adjectivefull-court press, nounfull time, nounfumble, verbgala, noungame, noungame point, noungate, noungoal, noungoalie, noungoalkeeper, noungoalless, adjectivegoal line, noungoalmouth, noungoalpost, noungoaltender, noungold, noungold medal, noungrand slam, noungrandstand, nounground staff, noungym shoe, noungymslip, nounhalf, nounhalfback, nounhalf nelson, nounhalf-time, nounhammer, nounhandball, nounhand-eye co-ordination, nounhandicap, nounhandspring, nounhandstand, nounhat trick, nounhead start, nounheat, nounheavy, adjectivehiding, nounhome, adjectivein, adverbinfield, nouninjury time, nouninterference, nouninternational, nounjersey, nounjock, nounjockstrap, nounjogging suit, nounjump, nounjump ball, nounjumper, nounjumping jack, nounjump shot, nounjunior varsity, nounlane, nounleague table, nounletter, nounletter, verblevel, verblineman, nounlinesman, nounline-up, nounlocker, nounlocker room, nounluge, nounmallet, nounmanager, nounmark, verbmassacre, nounmassacre, verbmatch, nounmedal, nounmedallist, nounmeeting, nounMexican wave, nounmidfield, nounmisfield, verbmixed doubles, nounmotocross, nounmotor racing, nounmuff, verbmusclebound, adjectivemuscleman, nounnet, nounnet, verbnetball, nounnil, nounno ball, nounoarsman, nounoarswoman, nounobstruction, nounoffense, nounoffensive, adjectiveoffside, adjectiveOlympiad, nounOlympic, adjectiveOlympic Games, the, onside, adjectiveopener, nounopponent, nounout, adverbout, nounoutdistance, verboutsider, nounoverarm, adjectiveoverhand, adjectiveown goal, nounpacesetter, nounpass, verbpass, nounPE, nounpenalty, nounpep rally, nounperiod, nounphoto finish, nounphysical education, nounpitch, nounplace kick, nounplayable, adjectiveplay-by-play, nounplayer, nounplaying field, nounplay-off, nounpoint, nounpole, verbposition, nounpossession, nounpost, nounpreliminary, nounpro-am, nounprofessionalism, nounpromote, verbpromotion, nounPT, nounpull, verbpull-up, nounpummel, verbpunchbag, nounqualifier, nounqualify, verbquarter-final, nounrace, verbracetrack, nounracing, adjectiveracket, nounrain check, nounrally, nounrecord, nounrecord-holder, nounrecreation ground, nounref, nounreferee, nounreferee, verbregatta, nounrelay, nounrelay race, nounrelegate, verbreplay, verbreplay, nounrerun, verbreserve, nounretire, verbreturn, verbrevenge, nounringside, nounroll, nounrookie, nounround, nounround robin, nounrunner, nounrunner-up, nounrun-up, nounsave, verbsave, nounscore, nounscore, verbscorer, nounscratch, verbscratch, adjectivescreen, nounscrimmage, nounselector, nounsemi, nounsemi-final, nounsemi-finalist, nounsemi-professional, adjectiveserve, verbserve, nounserver, nounservice, nounset, nounshoot, verbshoot, nounshot, nounsideline, nounsilver, nounsilver medal, nounskate, nounskipper, nounslaughter, verbslice, verbslick, nounslump, nounsnowmobile, nounsnowshoe, nounsomersault, nounsouthpaw, nounspar, verbsparring partner, nounspectate, verbspectator, nounspectator sport, nounspin, nounsports centre, nounsports day, nounsportsmanship, nounsporty, adjectivespot, verbsprint, verbsquad, nounstadium, nounstagger, verbstart, nounstarter, nounstarting blocks, nounstayer, nounstick, nounstraight, nounstrip, nounstroke, nounstud, nounsub, nounsudden death, nounsweatband, nounsweatpants, nounsweat suit, nountackle, verbtackle, nountalent scout, nountarget, nounteam-mate, nounthree-legged race, nounthrow, nounthrust, verbtie, nountiebreaker, nountight, adjectivetime, verbtimekeeper, nountime out, nountitle, nountitle holder, nountopspin, nountoreador, nountour, nountournament, nountrack, nountrain, verbtransfer fee, nountrophy, nountryout, nounumpire, nounumpire, verbunbeatable, adjectiveundecided, adjectiveunderarm, adverbunderhand, adverbunplaced, adjectiveuppercut, nounvarsity, nounvolley, nounvolley, verbwalking, nounwarm-up, nounwet suit, nounwhippet, nounwhistle, verbwhistle, nounwin, nounwing, nounwinger, nounworkout, nounwristband, noun
Collocations
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
· If a cat gets angry, it may scratch you with its claws.
(=especially because you do not understand something)· He scratched his head and started looking through the drawers again.
(=to barely earn enough money to live)· The farmers in these drought-stricken areas are barely able to scratch out a living.
· The chairs had made scratch marks on the floor.
Phrases
PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
  • Peter the Great had to start from scratch when he built St. Petersburg.
  • As she explained, it was not easy to start from scratch.
  • It would be arrogant foolishness to ignore that experience and to start from scratch designing a stringing by ear.
  • Once more, Machanguana is starting from scratch.
  • The only way to design tastefully was to start from scratch, he had said.
  • The revenue from the product also starts from zero when none are sold and rises proportionately to invoiced sales.
  • The trainees work hard, but they must start from scratch.
  • This is especially true if the group starts from scratch with no designated roles or previous experience of working together.
  • We do not have to start from scratch.
1a scratch team or group of people has been put together in a hurry, using anyone that is available2a scratch player in golf is very good and is not given any advantage in games
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更新时间：2024/11/10 12:17:46