英语词汇“painful”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES

painful shyness
painful surgery
painful, swollen knee-joints
a slow painful death
Colin's death is painful to me and everyone who knew him.
events from her painful and troubled past
For those involved, the scandal has been a very painful experience.
His total humiliation was painful to watch.
It's five years since we separated, but I still find the memories quite painful.
It was so painful to see how frail she had become in just a few months.
Jim's knee was still painful where he had fallen on it.
The child suffered painful stomach cramps and vomiting after drinking one of the contaminated drinks.

EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS

But it can add up to a painful result.
Each year the painful birth of birds brought more seeds, more bones, more wolves into the forest.
In her misery, Aileen remembered with painful clarity when she'd first met Mac.
More painful in many ways is the appalling loss of self-confidence and self-esteem.
That means food aid, and it means more painful diplomacy in the search for peace.
The transition from dualism to monism is painful.
The treatment, in the early stages, could be painful, but it could also bring a release from pain.
This was very painful, and made me cry aloud.

THESAURUSwhen a part of your body hurts► painful

used for describing a part of the body that hurts: · Her leg is still painful where she broke it.· painful joints· She was suffering from painful stomach cramps.

► tender

painful when touched: · The skin around the wound is very tender.

► stiff

painful and difficult to move: · I’ve got a stiff neck.· Her body was stiff from sitting in the car for so long.

► sore

painful as a result of a wound, infection, or too much exercise: · sore muscles· a sore throat· The wound was sore and red.

Longman Language Activatorwhen a part of your body feels painful► painful

a part of your body that feels painful makes you feel pain: · Jim's knee was still painful where he had fallen on it.· The child suffered painful stomach cramps and vomiting after drinking one of the contaminated drinks.

► sore

a part of your body that is sore hurts when you touch or use it, and is often red: · His eyes looked red and sore, as if he had been rubbing them.· Martin was unable to score at all in the game, complaining of a sore knee.sore throat: · She missed more than ten performances that year due to a persistent sore throat and cough.

► tender

a part of the body that is tender is painful when it is touched: · My mouth was tender and swollen where he had hit me.· Now I'm going to press down on several places around your knee, and you tell me when it feels tender.

► hurt

if a part of your body hurts , you feel pain in it, for example because you have hit it or cut it, or because you are ill: · My neck felt stiff and my shoulder hurt.· I fell and banged my knee, and it really hurts.

► ache

if a part of your body aches , you feel a pain in it that is continuous but not very strong - use this about pains in your arms, legs, or back, or in your head or stomach: · My arms ached from carrying all the groceries.· She felt hot and her head was beginning to ache.· I went to dance class last week, and I've been aching ever since.

► sting

to hurt with a sudden sharp pain for a short time - use this about your eyes or your skin: · The smoke made our eyes sting.· His cheek stung where his mother had slapped him.

► throb

if a part of your body throbs you feel pain that seems to get stronger and weaker in a regular repeated pattern: · By late afternoon my head was throbbing, and I couldn't see straight.· He limped heavily, nursing his throbbing ankle.a throbbing pain: · I felt a throbbing pain in my left shin, and pulled up my trouser leg to see what was causing it.

making you feel upset► upsetting

· She can't talk about her son's death - she finds it too upsetting.· Many adults manage to forget their more upsetting childhood experiences.it is upsetting to do something · It was upsetting to have to say goodbye so soon.

► distressing

making you feel extremely upset or worried: · U.N. officials have called the recent arrest of political opponents "distressing."· Being in a strange city with no money was an extremely distressing situation.

► painful

a painful experience or memory makes you feel extremely upset and sad: · It's five years since we separated, but I still find the memories quite painful.· For those involved, the scandal has been a very painful experience.painful to: · Colin's death is painful to me and everyone who knew him.it is painful to see/hear etc: · It was so painful to see how frail she had become in just a few months.

► harrowing

an experience or event that is harrowing makes you feel extremely upset because it is very frightening or shocking: · The film contained harrowing scenes of starving children.· After a harrowing bus ride through the mountains, we arrived at the port of Heraklion.

► traumatic

an experience or event that is traumatic makes you feel so upset that it affects the way you think or behave for a very long time: · Len's slow and painful death was traumatic for the entire family.· Learning to swim was the most traumatic experience of my childhood.

COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY Meaning 2nouns► a painful memory

· The photograph brought back painful memories.

► a painful experience

· It must have been a painful experience for you.

► a painful process

· It was just part of the painful process of growing up.

► a painful time/period

· The US is in for a painful period of adjustment.

► a painful decision

· I made the painful decision to move far away from my family.

► a painful reminder

· The violence is a painful reminder that many issues have not yet been resolved.

► the painful truth

· We won’t be able to keep the painful truth from the children.

► painful feelings/emotions

· Patients are encouraged to talk about their painful feelings.

COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► a painful dilemma

(=a very difficult one)· She faced the painful dilemma of having to decide whether to tell the police about her son's crimes.

► a painful divorce

(=causing a lot of sadness)· I have been through a painful divorce, and know what it feels like.

► painful emotion

(=one that is difficult to deal with)· Painful emotions, stored away in the patient’s memory, can suddenly come flooding back.

► painful experience

(=one that is very upsetting)· Her family supported her through the painful experience.

► a painful memory

(=very upsetting)· He sobbed as he relived the painful memory.

► a painful ordeal

(=a very bad or painful experience)· The treatment she had to go through was a painful ordeal.

► a painful/uncomfortable reminder

· This violence is a painful reminder that peace is still a long way away.

► difficult/painful transition

· She has had to make the difficult transition from child actor to adult star.

► the sad/painful truth

(=something that is true but that you regret)· She still misses him, and that’s the sad truth.

COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADVERB► almost

· Coldness flew out at her and it was unnatural, almost painful.· The desolate quietness was almost painful.· The servant started toward the company with full and foaming bowl, holding it out before him with almost painful care.

► as

· A lot of what follows is as painful as pulling teeth.· Imagery offers another approach to aversion therapy which is not as painful or invasive as the procedures mentioned above.· It must surely be much more pleasant and by no means as painful to work with friendly and docile ferrets.· That thorny subject, if he but knew it, was as painful to her as it was to him.· How can you conceive of something as painful, as hurting, without conceiving of it as hurting you?· Surely, in conceiving of something that hurts, you necessarily conceive of it as painful to you.· It isn't as painful as I thought it would be.

► excruciatingly

· They were reconciled in the months before Brynner's excruciatingly painful death from cancer.· An attacker can be quite literally tied up in an excruciatingly painful arm twist in seconds.· Unfortunately, half way through it loses the plot and its authenticity and sadly slips into excruciatingly painful white boy reggae mode.

► extremely

· That would make it extremely painful to have gone short of sterling in the past few days.· A sting from one of these results in an extremely painful wound.· Her left arm was locked to her side, because her shoulder was extremely painful.· But it is also extremely painful.· At this stage, the arthritis in his fingers was scarcely bearable and writing extremely painful.· This was an extremely painful time for the patients.· Although their bite is extremely painful to man, they are not aggressive and most people are bitten while handling them.· My eyebrows badly need plucking but I find it extremely painful.

► how

· And how painful it's been at times to love you.· But yes, he was wondering how painful the best might be.· The deep recession that followed shows how painful true perestroika can be.· As a physiotherapist, Roebuck knew how painful, demanding and difficult the recovery period and rehabilitating process would be.· Didn't she realise how painful an accusation of that magnitude was?

► less

· The final contractions are less painful and, indeed, pain varies a good deal between women and between births.· His eye was less painful by now, but his head ached.· Catheters and endoscopes can be used for safer and less painful investigations.· Christmas, for Phil Prior and for her young son, was made less painful by the kindness of her neighbours.· After all this time, Beth had hoped that the memories would be less painful.· They say it makes the experience less painful for them and less traumatic for the baby.

► more

· It was short, to the point, each sentence more painful than the last.· It was a more complicated and more painful undertaking than Danny Ballow had had to face.· The transition is even more painful if interest rates happen to be rising at the time.· It is difficult to imagine a writer giving a character a more painful and courageous sentence.· It is far more painful and exhausting to suppress our emotions than it is to experience them.· The whistling became louder, more piercing, more painful.· I am sure it will be even more painful as the reports come out.

► most

· These are just as important and often the most painful types of fear.· This is one of the most painful days.· We, by contrast, are at present at the most painful phase of a radical readjustment.· This day a year ago was the longest of my life, the most painful and sad.· Such a friend can never help us honestly to confront the most painful aspects of our personalities.· His refusal to forswear moonshine, however, mocked her with the most painful failure of all.· I worked in the communities that experienced the most painful impact of the first of the Government's recessions in the 1980s.· Now the most painful way to call upon the public to sacrifice its claims is by taxing.

► often

· For more than two years, he was chairman of the Czechoslovak parliament, overseeing the slow and often painful march to democracy.· This has presented it with a series of new and often painful problems.· However, the gestation and birth of new settlements is a tricky and often painful business that needs careful management.· The novel is a humorous but often painful odyssey through the next three decades of Dolores' life.

► particularly

· Usually the problem is quite minor, but anything particularly painful or persistent should always be checked.· The rift between the two men was particularly painful since they had been so close at first.· Most physical punishments used by parents are not intended to be, or experienced as, particularly painful.· Having to be more separate can, for some people, resurrect memories of earlier separations which were particularly painful for them.· To have hurt feelings is not a particularly painful kind of hurt.

► so

· Her head was so painful that she hardly knew what she was seeing, except that there could be no doubt of it.· In fact, the mere touching of an affected ear can be so painful as to interfere with sleep.· Reality becomes so painful that the sufferer uses his or her substance or process of addiction in order to survive the emotional carnage.· I mean, this must be all so painful for you.· I was becoming so tense that my head, neck and even my eyes were always so painful.· My ankle was so much swollen... and the bruise was so painful that I could get no rest.· Why did life have to be so hard? So painful?· My feet were sometimes so painful and swollen that I could only walk with my heels out of my shoes.

► too

· Our friend Startop agreed to row instead of me, as my hands were still too painful.· She was so emotionally fragile that being sober was simply too painful.· Some of the memories were almost too painful to dwell upon.· The enormity of what I have done, the trouble that I have caused my parents is too painful.· Too much movement would have been too painful.· Now she had trouble getting up and walking, gravity too painful for her.· Just a small one, not too painful.· Before it became too painful for you?

► very

· The lymph nodes are very painful and can take up to ten days to burst and then exude a thick yellow pus.· For many parents, watching their child in such a situation can be very painful!· This was very painful, and made me cry aloud.· The big purple grass burrs were very painful when we stepped on them.· I kept expecting very painful things to come up: that's what I thought analysis was about.· It was a terrible fall: humiliating and very painful.· The glands become matted together and very painful to the touch.

NOUN► death

· They were reconciled in the months before Brynner's excruciatingly painful death from cancer.· They all died slow, brutal, painful deaths.· He was returned to the Bocardo Jail, from whose roof he watched the painful death by burning of Latimer and Ridley.· In those cases, the creatures were harpooned and left to die slow, painful deaths.· An alternative is gassing - again an unpleasant and painful death.· She had a demonic nature, cursing all her subjects to dreadful sickness and painful deaths.· He aimed for Benny's stomach - it would be a slower, more painful death that way.· Given a meatless diet it will rapidly become ill and will then die a painful death.

► decision

· I came to a bold and painful decision.· Another painful decision involved the ongoing tension between Kistiakowsky and Seth Neddermeyer.· In doing so they would deny Mr Ashdown the opportunity to take his painful decision.· It is getting people to accept painful decisions without hurting them.· But at last she came to a painful decision.

► emotion

· He stepped back from the microphone and lowered his gaze, lost in painful emotion.· Recounting the matter in present time-without being returned-the patient is using all the intervening years as buffers against the painful emotion.· It does not matter whether the engram occurred two hours or ten years ago, painful emotion can be reduced from it.· Physical pain in the contrasurvival chain can suppress painful emotion in the prosurvival chain.· The third example of the painful emotion engram is the third type: loss of an ally by reversal.· You are looking for a painful emotion engram, an instant of loss which will discharge.· A knowledge of the painful emotion engram; 6.· The painful emotion engram, however, does a rather smooth rise.

► experience

· Breakfast was a painful experience for me.· As with any painful experience, the parents may be much stronger after they have gone through these reactions together. 15.· There were times when Rose felt as if she were split in half - an interesting rather than a painful experience.· It can be a painful experience for viewing loved ones.· United could have made it an even more painful experience for Bradford manager Paul Jewell.· Like many, she has her own stock of painful experiences which sometimes affect her present life.· Although a few had had quick and relatively painless births, many had found it a very painful experience.· Through marriage he created the possibility of consciously knowing about and coming to terms with his own painful experience of loss.

► memory

· He sobbed as he relived the painful memory.· For many of us, these long winter nights stir up painful memories and fearful thoughts.· Feeling her stomach churn with the painful memories, she leaned sideways and was violently sick.· We have to drop the charge and put the painful memories on one side.· The painful memory of last year's semi-final defeat by Kilkenny acts as another spur.· But those painful memories are erased by thoughts of future glory as Jodami whisks Anthea across the moorland gallops.· Maggie suddenly shuddered, and twisted away, her happy expression replaced by one of painful memories.

► process

· This is usually a painful process which most authors secretly hate!· Elizabeth Suzanne Kassab records the painful process of recovery.· Sadly, though, we have in the past year been through the painful process of shedding a large number of jobs.· Getting naked was a long and painful process, and involved finding out just how much punishment her body had taken.· It's a difficult, demanding and, at times, painful process.· Looking back on it, I think it was only part of the painful process of growing up.· However, the termination of overdrafts is a painful process.· He will now begin the physically and mentally painful process of taking male hormones to establish for the first time his masculinity.

► reminder

· The ocean carried painful reminders of the hundreds of lives lost.

WORD FAMILYadjectivepainedpainful ≠ painlessnounpainverbpainadverbpainfully ≠ painlessly

单词	painful
释义	painfulpain‧ful /ˈpeɪnfəl/ ●●● W2 adjective Examples EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES painful shyness painful surgery painful, swollen knee-joints a slow painful death Colin's death is painful to me and everyone who knew him. events from her painful and troubled past For those involved, the scandal has been a very painful experience. His total humiliation was painful to watch. It's five years since we separated, but I still find the memories quite painful. It was so painful to see how frail she had become in just a few months. Jim's knee was still painful where he had fallen on it. The child suffered painful stomach cramps and vomiting after drinking one of the contaminated drinks. EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS But it can add up to a painful result. Each year the painful birth of birds brought more seeds, more bones, more wolves into the forest. In her misery, Aileen remembered with painful clarity when she'd first met Mac. More painful in many ways is the appalling loss of self-confidence and self-esteem. That means food aid, and it means more painful diplomacy in the search for peace. The transition from dualism to monism is painful. The treatment, in the early stages, could be painful, but it could also bring a release from pain. This was very painful, and made me cry aloud. Thesaurus THESAURUSwhen a part of your body hurts► painful used for describing a part of the body that hurts: · Her leg is still painful where she broke it.· painful joints· She was suffering from painful stomach cramps. ► tender painful when touched: · The skin around the wound is very tender. ► stiff painful and difficult to move: · I’ve got a stiff neck.· Her body was stiff from sitting in the car for so long. ► sore painful as a result of a wound, infection, or too much exercise: · sore muscles· a sore throat· The wound was sore and red. Longman Language Activatorwhen a part of your body feels painful► painful a part of your body that feels painful makes you feel pain: · Jim's knee was still painful where he had fallen on it.· The child suffered painful stomach cramps and vomiting after drinking one of the contaminated drinks. ► sore a part of your body that is sore hurts when you touch or use it, and is often red: · His eyes looked red and sore, as if he had been rubbing them.· Martin was unable to score at all in the game, complaining of a sore knee.sore throat: · She missed more than ten performances that year due to a persistent sore throat and cough. ► tender a part of the body that is tender is painful when it is touched: · My mouth was tender and swollen where he had hit me.· Now I'm going to press down on several places around your knee, and you tell me when it feels tender. ► hurt if a part of your body hurts , you feel pain in it, for example because you have hit it or cut it, or because you are ill: · My neck felt stiff and my shoulder hurt.· I fell and banged my knee, and it really hurts. ► ache if a part of your body aches , you feel a pain in it that is continuous but not very strong - use this about pains in your arms, legs, or back, or in your head or stomach: · My arms ached from carrying all the groceries.· She felt hot and her head was beginning to ache.· I went to dance class last week, and I've been aching ever since. ► sting to hurt with a sudden sharp pain for a short time - use this about your eyes or your skin: · The smoke made our eyes sting.· His cheek stung where his mother had slapped him. ► throb if a part of your body throbs you feel pain that seems to get stronger and weaker in a regular repeated pattern: · By late afternoon my head was throbbing, and I couldn't see straight.· He limped heavily, nursing his throbbing ankle.a throbbing pain: · I felt a throbbing pain in my left shin, and pulled up my trouser leg to see what was causing it. making you feel upset► upsetting · She can't talk about her son's death - she finds it too upsetting.· Many adults manage to forget their more upsetting childhood experiences.it is upsetting to do something · It was upsetting to have to say goodbye so soon. ► distressing making you feel extremely upset or worried: · U.N. officials have called the recent arrest of political opponents "distressing."· Being in a strange city with no money was an extremely distressing situation. ► painful a painful experience or memory makes you feel extremely upset and sad: · It's five years since we separated, but I still find the memories quite painful.· For those involved, the scandal has been a very painful experience.painful to: · Colin's death is painful to me and everyone who knew him.it is painful to see/hear etc: · It was so painful to see how frail she had become in just a few months. ► harrowing an experience or event that is harrowing makes you feel extremely upset because it is very frightening or shocking: · The film contained harrowing scenes of starving children.· After a harrowing bus ride through the mountains, we arrived at the port of Heraklion. ► traumatic an experience or event that is traumatic makes you feel so upset that it affects the way you think or behave for a very long time: · Len's slow and painful death was traumatic for the entire family.· Learning to swim was the most traumatic experience of my childhood. Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY Meaning 2nouns► a painful memory · The photograph brought back painful memories. ► a painful experience · It must have been a painful experience for you. ► a painful process · It was just part of the painful process of growing up. ► a painful time/period · The US is in for a painful period of adjustment. ► a painful decision · I made the painful decision to move far away from my family. ► a painful reminder · The violence is a painful reminder that many issues have not yet been resolved. ► the painful truth · We won’t be able to keep the painful truth from the children. ► painful feelings/emotions · Patients are encouraged to talk about their painful feelings. COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► a painful dilemma (=a very difficult one)· She faced the painful dilemma of having to decide whether to tell the police about her son's crimes. ► a painful divorce (=causing a lot of sadness)· I have been through a painful divorce, and know what it feels like. ► painful emotion (=one that is difficult to deal with)· Painful emotions, stored away in the patient’s memory, can suddenly come flooding back. ► painful experience (=one that is very upsetting)· Her family supported her through the painful experience. ► a painful memory (=very upsetting)· He sobbed as he relived the painful memory. ► a painful ordeal (=a very bad or painful experience)· The treatment she had to go through was a painful ordeal. ► a painful/uncomfortable reminder · This violence is a painful reminder that peace is still a long way away. ► difficult/painful transition · She has had to make the difficult transition from child actor to adult star. ► the sad/painful truth (=something that is true but that you regret)· She still misses him, and that’s the sad truth. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADVERB► almost · Coldness flew out at her and it was unnatural, almost painful.· The desolate quietness was almost painful.· The servant started toward the company with full and foaming bowl, holding it out before him with almost painful care. ► as · A lot of what follows is as painful as pulling teeth.· Imagery offers another approach to aversion therapy which is not as painful or invasive as the procedures mentioned above.· It must surely be much more pleasant and by no means as painful to work with friendly and docile ferrets.· That thorny subject, if he but knew it, was as painful to her as it was to him.· How can you conceive of something as painful, as hurting, without conceiving of it as hurting you?· Surely, in conceiving of something that hurts, you necessarily conceive of it as painful to you.· It isn't as painful as I thought it would be. ► excruciatingly · They were reconciled in the months before Brynner's excruciatingly painful death from cancer.· An attacker can be quite literally tied up in an excruciatingly painful arm twist in seconds.· Unfortunately, half way through it loses the plot and its authenticity and sadly slips into excruciatingly painful white boy reggae mode. ► extremely · That would make it extremely painful to have gone short of sterling in the past few days.· A sting from one of these results in an extremely painful wound.· Her left arm was locked to her side, because her shoulder was extremely painful.· But it is also extremely painful.· At this stage, the arthritis in his fingers was scarcely bearable and writing extremely painful.· This was an extremely painful time for the patients.· Although their bite is extremely painful to man, they are not aggressive and most people are bitten while handling them.· My eyebrows badly need plucking but I find it extremely painful. ► how · And how painful it's been at times to love you.· But yes, he was wondering how painful the best might be.· The deep recession that followed shows how painful true perestroika can be.· As a physiotherapist, Roebuck knew how painful, demanding and difficult the recovery period and rehabilitating process would be.· Didn't she realise how painful an accusation of that magnitude was? ► less · The final contractions are less painful and, indeed, pain varies a good deal between women and between births.· His eye was less painful by now, but his head ached.· Catheters and endoscopes can be used for safer and less painful investigations.· Christmas, for Phil Prior and for her young son, was made less painful by the kindness of her neighbours.· After all this time, Beth had hoped that the memories would be less painful.· They say it makes the experience less painful for them and less traumatic for the baby. ► more · It was short, to the point, each sentence more painful than the last.· It was a more complicated and more painful undertaking than Danny Ballow had had to face.· The transition is even more painful if interest rates happen to be rising at the time.· It is difficult to imagine a writer giving a character a more painful and courageous sentence.· It is far more painful and exhausting to suppress our emotions than it is to experience them.· The whistling became louder, more piercing, more painful.· I am sure it will be even more painful as the reports come out. ► most · These are just as important and often the most painful types of fear.· This is one of the most painful days.· We, by contrast, are at present at the most painful phase of a radical readjustment.· This day a year ago was the longest of my life, the most painful and sad.· Such a friend can never help us honestly to confront the most painful aspects of our personalities.· His refusal to forswear moonshine, however, mocked her with the most painful failure of all.· I worked in the communities that experienced the most painful impact of the first of the Government's recessions in the 1980s.· Now the most painful way to call upon the public to sacrifice its claims is by taxing. ► often · For more than two years, he was chairman of the Czechoslovak parliament, overseeing the slow and often painful march to democracy.· This has presented it with a series of new and often painful problems.· However, the gestation and birth of new settlements is a tricky and often painful business that needs careful management.· The novel is a humorous but often painful odyssey through the next three decades of Dolores' life. ► particularly · Usually the problem is quite minor, but anything particularly painful or persistent should always be checked.· The rift between the two men was particularly painful since they had been so close at first.· Most physical punishments used by parents are not intended to be, or experienced as, particularly painful.· Having to be more separate can, for some people, resurrect memories of earlier separations which were particularly painful for them.· To have hurt feelings is not a particularly painful kind of hurt. ► so · Her head was so painful that she hardly knew what she was seeing, except that there could be no doubt of it.· In fact, the mere touching of an affected ear can be so painful as to interfere with sleep.· Reality becomes so painful that the sufferer uses his or her substance or process of addiction in order to survive the emotional carnage.· I mean, this must be all so painful for you.· I was becoming so tense that my head, neck and even my eyes were always so painful.· My ankle was so much swollen... and the bruise was so painful that I could get no rest.· Why did life have to be so hard? So painful?· My feet were sometimes so painful and swollen that I could only walk with my heels out of my shoes. ► too · Our friend Startop agreed to row instead of me, as my hands were still too painful.· She was so emotionally fragile that being sober was simply too painful.· Some of the memories were almost too painful to dwell upon.· The enormity of what I have done, the trouble that I have caused my parents is too painful.· Too much movement would have been too painful.· Now she had trouble getting up and walking, gravity too painful for her.· Just a small one, not too painful.· Before it became too painful for you? ► very · The lymph nodes are very painful and can take up to ten days to burst and then exude a thick yellow pus.· For many parents, watching their child in such a situation can be very painful!· This was very painful, and made me cry aloud.· The big purple grass burrs were very painful when we stepped on them.· I kept expecting very painful things to come up: that's what I thought analysis was about.· It was a terrible fall: humiliating and very painful.· The glands become matted together and very painful to the touch. NOUN► death · They were reconciled in the months before Brynner's excruciatingly painful death from cancer.· They all died slow, brutal, painful deaths.· He was returned to the Bocardo Jail, from whose roof he watched the painful death by burning of Latimer and Ridley.· In those cases, the creatures were harpooned and left to die slow, painful deaths.· An alternative is gassing - again an unpleasant and painful death.· She had a demonic nature, cursing all her subjects to dreadful sickness and painful deaths.· He aimed for Benny's stomach - it would be a slower, more painful death that way.· Given a meatless diet it will rapidly become ill and will then die a painful death. ► decision · I came to a bold and painful decision.· Another painful decision involved the ongoing tension between Kistiakowsky and Seth Neddermeyer.· In doing so they would deny Mr Ashdown the opportunity to take his painful decision.· It is getting people to accept painful decisions without hurting them.· But at last she came to a painful decision. ► emotion · He stepped back from the microphone and lowered his gaze, lost in painful emotion.· Recounting the matter in present time-without being returned-the patient is using all the intervening years as buffers against the painful emotion.· It does not matter whether the engram occurred two hours or ten years ago, painful emotion can be reduced from it.· Physical pain in the contrasurvival chain can suppress painful emotion in the prosurvival chain.· The third example of the painful emotion engram is the third type: loss of an ally by reversal.· You are looking for a painful emotion engram, an instant of loss which will discharge.· A knowledge of the painful emotion engram; 6.· The painful emotion engram, however, does a rather smooth rise. ► experience · Breakfast was a painful experience for me.· As with any painful experience, the parents may be much stronger after they have gone through these reactions together. 15.· There were times when Rose felt as if she were split in half - an interesting rather than a painful experience.· It can be a painful experience for viewing loved ones.· United could have made it an even more painful experience for Bradford manager Paul Jewell.· Like many, she has her own stock of painful experiences which sometimes affect her present life.· Although a few had had quick and relatively painless births, many had found it a very painful experience.· Through marriage he created the possibility of consciously knowing about and coming to terms with his own painful experience of loss. ► memory · He sobbed as he relived the painful memory.· For many of us, these long winter nights stir up painful memories and fearful thoughts.· Feeling her stomach churn with the painful memories, she leaned sideways and was violently sick.· We have to drop the charge and put the painful memories on one side.· The painful memory of last year's semi-final defeat by Kilkenny acts as another spur.· But those painful memories are erased by thoughts of future glory as Jodami whisks Anthea across the moorland gallops.· Maggie suddenly shuddered, and twisted away, her happy expression replaced by one of painful memories. ► process · This is usually a painful process which most authors secretly hate!· Elizabeth Suzanne Kassab records the painful process of recovery.· Sadly, though, we have in the past year been through the painful process of shedding a large number of jobs.· Getting naked was a long and painful process, and involved finding out just how much punishment her body had taken.· It's a difficult, demanding and, at times, painful process.· Looking back on it, I think it was only part of the painful process of growing up.· However, the termination of overdrafts is a painful process.· He will now begin the physically and mentally painful process of taking male hormones to establish for the first time his masculinity. ► reminder · The ocean carried painful reminders of the hundreds of lives lost. Word family WORD FAMILYadjectivepainedpainful ≠ painlessnounpainverbpainadverbpainfully ≠ painlessly 1if a part of your body is painful, it hurts: stiff painful joints Is your arm very painful? The neck becomes swollen and painful to the touch (=hurts when you touch it).2making you feel very upset, or very difficult and unpleasant for you OPP painlesspainful memories/experience etc He sobbed as he recalled the painful memory. Venice was a painful reminder of her marriage. He and his wife took the painful decision to switch off their son’s life support machine. the long and painful process of growing uppainful to do something It can be painful to leave the house in which you were born.painful for/to The divorce was painful for both of us. Even hearing his name was painful to her.3causing physical pain: a painful blow on the headexcruciatingly/extremely painful an excruciatingly painful deathpainful to do something He was finding it painful to breathe.4if someone’s behaviour or a performance is painful, it is so bad that it embarrasses peoplepainful to watch/listen to/hear etc It’s painful to watch her making the best of a terrible script. ► Do not use painful to mean ‘feeling pain’: He didn’t feel much pain (NOT feel very painful) at first.COLLOCATIONS– Meaning 2nounsa painful memory· The photograph brought back painful memories.a painful experience· It must have been a painful experience for you.a painful process· It was just part of the painful process of growing up.a painful time/period· The US is in for a painful period of adjustment.a painful decision· I made the painful decision to move far away from my family.a painful reminder· The violence is a painful reminder that many issues have not yet been resolved.the painful truth· We won’t be able to keep the painful truth from the children.painful feelings/emotions· Patients are encouraged to talk about their painful feelings.THESAURUSwhen a part of your body hurtspainful used for describing a part of the body that hurts: · Her leg is still painful where she broke it.· painful joints· She was suffering from painful stomach cramps.tender painful when touched: · The skin around the wound is very tender.stiff painful and difficult to move: · I’ve got a stiff neck.· Her body was stiff from sitting in the car for so long.sore painful as a result of a wound, infection, or too much exercise: · sore muscles· a sore throat· The wound was sore and red.
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