original1 adjectiveoriginal2 noun
originalo‧rig‧i‧nal1 /əˈrɪdʒɪnəl, -dʒənəl/ ●●● S1 W1 adjective 
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES
- a jazz musician with a completely original style
- an original screenplay
- Barnes was one of the three original board members.
- I was impressed by the highly original design of the house.
- It's not a bad movie, but there's nothing very original about it.
- My job is to think up creative and original advertising ideas
- Our original plan was to go camping, but it was pouring with rain.
- Steve comes up with a lot of original ideas.
- The house still has its original stone floors.
- The orphanage's original budget was just $60,000.
- Woolf's writing was completely original - nothing like it had ever been done before.
- For that would show some imperfection in the original design.
- If intervention remains, it should be reduced to the original concept of a safety net for use in extreme emergencies.
- Many authors have used estimates generated by others in their own league table; did they check the original analyses?
- Most often, he found their original trials were fair, their complaints without merit.
- The case was listed for rehearing before a committee of seven members not all of whom sat on the original committee.
- The doctrine of original sin and baptismal regeneration meant that an unbaptised infant could not go to heaven.
THESAURUS
· a new sports centre· a new edition of the book· an entirely new theory of time and space
completely new: · a brand new car· The house looks brand new.
made, produced etc a short time ago: · recent research into brain chemistry
[only before noun] the most recent: · Have you seen his latest film?· the latest fashions from Paris
different from earlier things of the same kind because of using new methods, equipment, or designs: · modern technology· modern farming methods· a modern kitchen
new and completely different from what other people have done or thought of before, especially in a way that seems interesting: · The play is highly original.· His style is completely original.
fresh ideas, evidence, or ways of doing things are new and different, and are used instead of previous ones: · We need a fresh approach to the problem.· They want young people with fresh ideas.· Police think they may have found some fresh evidence that links him to the murder.
new and different in a surprising and unusual way – used especially about a suggestion, experience, or way of doing something: · The club have come up with a novel way of raising cash.· The King was passionately in love, which was a novel experience for him.
completely new and showing a lot of imagination – used especially about a design or way of doing something: · an attractive website with an innovative design· They came up with an innovative approach to the problem.
completely new in a way that has a very big effect – used especially about an idea, method, or invention: · a revolutionary treatment for breast cancer· His theories were considered to be revolutionary at the time.
[only before noun] used about something that is new and modern but which you disapprove of: · My grandfather hated all this newfangled technology.
Longman Language Activatorhappening, existing, done etc first before everyone or everything else: · Laurie's name was first on the list.· I still remember my first day of school.· She had her first baby in 1998.· I've only read the first chapter, but it seems like a really good book.· The first thing I ever had published was an article for the Boy Scout magazine.
before you do any other things, or before anything else happens: · I always read the sports page of the newspaper first.· Shall we go out now, or do you want to eat first?· I'll help you with your homework, but first let me finish the dishes.
at the beginning, before other events or actions - use this especially to say what you should do or what you did do first: · First of all, fry the onions.· First of all, let me welcome everyone to the meeting.· First of all I went to tell my wife and then my daughter and son-in-law what had happened.
use this about something that existed at the beginning, especially before a lot of things were changed: · The house still has its original stone floors.· Our original plan was to go camping, but it was pouring with rain.
use this to talk about what happened at the beginning of a process or activity or what someone felt at the beginning, especially when this changes later: initial response/reaction/feeling etc: · My initial reaction was one of complete disbelief.· After the initial shock, people adjusted to the new circumstances.initial difficulties/problems/setbacks etc: · Initial difficulties with the computer system were soon fixed.initial stage/trial/step etc: · I was only involved in the initial stages of the planning.· Classes in gun handling are recommended as the initial step for those who want to own a handgun.
happening or existing before all others: · "The Comedy of Errors" is one of Shakespeare's earliest plays.· The earliest form of transport was probably some kind of sledge.· Ginger was one of the earliest oriental spices known to Europeans.
use this to say that something happens that has never happened before: the first time (that): · The first time I went on a plane I was really nervous.· It was the first time that she had seen her mother cry.for the first time: · For the first time, representatives from the two countries will talk at a conference table.
something that is unprecedented has never happened before and is usually unexpected: · An unprecedented number of cars entered the race.· The police took the unprecedented step of publishing the victim's photograph.· The depression that started in mid-1929 was a catastrophe of unprecedented dimensions for the United States.
new ideas or ways of doing things new ideas or ways of doing things that did not exist before or had not been thought of before: · Does anyone have any new ideas?new ways/methods of doing something: · The hospital is doing a lot of research into new ways of treating asthma.· It's vital that we find new methods of producing and conserving energy.
completely different from anything that has been thought of before: original idea/design/style: · My job is to think up creative and original advertising ideascompletely original: · Woolf's writing was completely original - nothing like it had ever been done before.· a jazz musician with a completely original stylehighly original: · I was impressed by the highly original design of the house.
a revolutionary idea, method, or invention is completely different from anything that existed before, and is likely to bring important changes or improvements: · Einstein's revolutionary theories made people look at the universe in a completely new way.· revolutionary technology for producing cheap, pollution-free energy· The new treatment for cancer is considered revolutionary.
an innovative design, idea, plan etc is new, different and better than those that existed before, and shows a lot of imagination: · The city has introduced an innovative system of traffic control.· When it was first introduced, the electric car was described as one of the ten most innovative products of the year.highly innovative: · The idea for the programme 'Big Brother' was highly innovative.
something such as a new idea, method, or system that has never been thought of before, especially one that is better than previous ones: · The kids-only Internet service is a great innovation which will help parents control their children's access to the Internet.technological innovations: · All the latest technological innovations of cinema were used to create the special effects.communication/software etc innovations: · What exactly will the impact of all these communication innovations be?
a fresh idea, approach etc is new and different from previous ones, and may help to deal with a problem: · We need a fresh approach to this problem.· The negotiations won't make any progress unless one of the sides puts forward fresh proposals.· Toy manufacturers are always on the lookout for fresh ideas.
a novel idea, method etc is new and interesting because it is unexpected and different from what has existed before: · Scientists have come up with a novel way of catching fish.· Tonight's TV news will be presented in a novel format.· I spent six months living in a monastery in northern India, which was a novel experience.
something that is interesting because it is new and unusual, especially when this makes people think it is not very serious: · Retail analysts say that electronic shopping remains a novelty for most peopleit is a novelty for somebody to do something: · It was a novelty for people at college to see a student with two kids.be something of a novelty (=seem new and unusual): · Fast-food restaurants like McDonald's are still something of a novelty in Moscow.
pioneering work, research, efforts etc introduce completely new ways of doing things, which are later followed and developed by other people: · Moore's pioneering work on semiconductors has made him perhaps the most famous figure in Silicon Valley.· Pioneering research shows that the experiences of childhood help form the brain's circuits for music and maths, language and emotion.
if a science or a new area of knowledge or study is in its infancy , people have just begun to find out more about it, to work with it etc: · The science of cybernetics is still in its infancy.· These rockets were built at a time when space technology was in its infancy.
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY
The kitchen still has many original features (=parts that were there when the house was first built). I don’t think George is capable of having original ideas! a highly original designCOLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES Unfortunately, parts of the original manuscript have been lost. the club’s new owners
The kitchen still has many original features (=parts that were there when the house was first built). I don’t think George is capable of having original ideas! a highly original design (=the first one)· The hero had a different name in the original draft of the story.
(=the one given at the beginning of a process)· The final cost was nearly three times the original estimate.
(=no one has thought of it before)· The company is looking for people who can come up with original ideas.
Unfortunately, parts of the original manuscript have been lost. the club’s new owners· The building is no longer needed for its original purpose.
· The lake has already shrunk to half its original size.
· The original version was in Latin but later editions were in English.
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADVERB· He learnt the lesson well, and has since produced an impressive and highly original body of work.· In a highly original twist, the game allows you to determine the moral caliber of the hero.· A fine revival of a highly original piece of music theatre.· Blackwell glossed reproduction in a highly original way, fusing it with claims for an active female sexuality.· For instance, they created highly original relief panels to decorate the Sebasteion as well as other sculpture that adapted earlier models for different purposes.· Wallis made a small but highly original contribution to the art and connoisseurship of his time.· An older repaint over a highly original car, this interesting specification Rover 2000 would respond well to careful detailing.
· The most original observations in the book result from this detailed scrutiny.· That, sir, is the most original approach I have ever heard.· Some of the most original and beautiful designs he had seen in thirty years.· Writing is the most original kind of intellectual labor.· He finished up as one of Britain's greatest and most original architects.· Mr Killow was one of the most original personalities about the church in those days.· One class was for the most original entry; another was limited to the tots; a third to the over-8s.· The most original part of Anderson's thesis relates to the geographical origins of nationalism.
NOUN· But in a few places conditions remain unaltered and they suit the original design to perfection.· The original design of the work-shops dated back to the mid-1980s.· The original design of six arches was rejected because of spate flow volumes in the river.· Rarely is such good humor combined with such original design in audio.· Roy modified the original design and made every single part of the clock in his own workshop.· It was not a retrofit, though it was more of an adaptation of a copying lathe than an original design.· The house was seriously damaged by fire in 1879 but rebuilt largely to the original design.· For that would show some imperfection in the original design.
· In order to accommodate its growing occupant, the shell must enlarge in such a way as to preserve its original form.· Needless to say, the dish is rarely presented in its original form.· Even after 5 days, students could still discriminate original forms of jokes and asides.· However, they had to return her to her original form so she could marry a mouse.· Now subtracting the original form from the last equation, we obtain.· What followed were long brainstorming sessions that finally yielded the Foxfire magazine in its original form as a school literary magazine.· E places it after these events, and so is here more likely to preserve the original form of the annal.
· The balance of evidence seems to be swinging away from the original idea of swamp-dwelling giant dinosaurs to fully terrestrial habits.· And it all started with a successful test-market of his original idea while he was still employed.· Mrs Van Brandenburg also has wonderful and original ideas for redesigning customers' own jewellery.· Presenting original ideas in notes is like planting seeds in a garden, Cooley says.· On the other hand, the probability that we would go for a genuinely original idea may be very high indeed.· Haven't got two original ideas to rub together between the whole lot of them.· The original idea was that the library would be symmetrical with the entrance and stairs in the centre.· The original idea was that the gliders should be built to make one flight only.
· The original intention was that the client teams would be leaderless, but in some cases this has proved to be impractical.· My original intention was merely to sell the cards quietly for the best possible price.· The original intention was that they should replace the Milnes cars which were worn out.· Whatever the original intentions, aid programs had become an end in themselves.· The original intention was to hive off assembly operations to sub-contractors.· The original intention behind the research was to measure the effect on the individual worker of variations in the work conditions.· I am looking for some one - at least, that was the original intention.· The original intention was that Cramlington would be a free-standing newtown with a full range of shopping services.
· The original owners could not sustain the necessary level of investment so the company has now been sold.· The original owner keeps the land but gives up the right to develop it.· The original owner of the house was a professor at the University.· Broadcast station licenses and monopoly cable franchises cost their original owners nothing except legal fees.· The Red Cross isn't too disheartened by the lack of interest, but no doubt the original owner would not be amused.· You are buying a proven and successful business-its original owners demonstrated that it works.· The claim was lodged last year by the three children of the original owner.· However, an original owner can reclaim within three years from the date of the loss or robbery.
· Its original plan was to unload the problem on to the electricity generators.· Burke urged Clinton to stay with the original plan.· He has ruthlessly pruned his original plans for a quick dash to the top.· Holy Trinity abided by the terms of the compromise, but the Renovation Committee ultimately decided to continue with its original plans.· Better to abide by the original plan.· This would be expensive and had not been allowed for in the original plans and bids.· If no firm offer has been made within three months the farmer is free to go ahead with his original plans.· After two years, the Gypsy Moth Commission decided to go back to a version of their original plan.
· The principles of justice adopted in the original position are neutral between different conceptions of the good.· The tape should be returned to its original position in the rack.· Soon the Federals began to fall back toward their original position on Cemetery Ridge.· A Theory of Justice contains hardly any explicit argument for the exclusion of moral and religious beliefs from the original position.· Others, such as the Hoar Stone at Enstone, Oxfordshire, will go back to their original position if moved.· Even a slight push means that it falls and can not recover its original position of equilibrium.· Eventually the scarp will retreat from the original position of faulting and it may be buried by sediment.
· For example, our original proposal was that Family Credit should be paid through the pay-packet.· The City is concerned that the original proposals would have hindered the dissemination of information from companies to investors.· Under his original proposal, much of the savings would have gone to the wealthy.· The original proposal was for no guaranteed funding and payment to be in arrears.· The original proposal featured centre loading islands, but this idea was abandoned.· Clearly, the difference between the original proposals put forward in the White Paper and the final solution in 1977 is enormous.· What occurred none the less fell well short of the Community's original proposals.
· They operate in a way which runs counter to the original purpose of creation.· Celebration is a lost art, a spiritual practice whose original purpose is sacramental in quality.· If the building is no longer needed for its original purpose, could it be put to a new use?· The original purpose of the law was to help disabled people enter the workforce.· There were no clues to its original purpose.· Long neglected, it has now been restored by the University of Edinburgh and is once again used for its original purpose.· What was the original purpose of the site?· This is true; but such poems have outlived their original purposes and now survive as aesthetic entities.
· Lewis was inclined to ground his grudging acceptance of democracy on the doctrine of original sin.· This comes too close to something like a pedagogic version of original sin.· Another incident followed Richard Baxter's preaching of a sermon on original sin.· According to Elvis Costello, there are no original sins.· Howard by his belief in original sin, guilt and the possibility of awakening man's consciousness of sin.· I was told in the third grade that I had an overabundance of original sin.· The original sin of mankind was the murder of the father.· Like a piece of apple, some kid said; the chunk of apple that Adam ate and got original sin.
· The original version of the model is depicted in Figure 8.· The original versions were reduced to ashes when an earlier Capitol burned in 1881.· Even its original version he had regarded as no more that a bargaining chip.· This program has made dramatic leaps in ease-of-use and reliability from its original version.· The original version, also included, still sounded fresh ten years on.· Pacino cuts them together for a truly original version of Shakespeare that could only be realized on film.· One alternative is to order decaffeinated coffee, which certainly is an improvement on the original version.· The arrangement to the original version is like, when the song starts, you get this protection.
· Letters submitted must be your own original work and must not be offered for publication elsewhere at the same time.· Teachers and many other employees produce original works while they are employed.· The rest of the interior had been very much altered over the years and little original work of consequence remained visible.· Reference to the original work with its full specification of assumptions is essential.· In such an example, the photographer will own the copyright of the photograph and the artist copyright in the original work.· That the health-care taskforce is engaged in thorough and original work on reform is not in doubt.· As well as writing numerous original works, he has edited several anthologies of poetry and short stories.· As soon as you start writing original work, register the copyrights in one of the ways already outlined.
WORD FAMILYnounoriginoriginaloriginalityoriginatoradjectiveoriginal ≠ unoriginalverboriginateadverboriginally
1[only before noun] existing or happening first, before other people or things: The land was returned to its original owner. The kitchen still has many original features (=parts that were there when the house was first built). the original meaning of the word The original plan was to fly out to New York.2completely new and different from anything that anyone has thought of before: I don’t think George is capable of having original ideas! That’s not a very original suggestion. a highly original design His work is truly original.► see thesaurus at new3[only before noun] an original work of art is the one that was made by the artist and is not a copy: The original painting is now in the National Gallery in London. an original Holbein drawingoriginal1 adjectiveoriginal2 noun
originaloriginal2 ●●○ noun [countable] EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES
- I wasn't sure whether the portrait was an excellent copy or the original.
- Jack is a true original.
- This is a photograph of the manuscript. The original is in the city museum.
- Click the extract button, and the originals will be extracted from the compressed file and placed in the new directory.
- Stained-glass windows have been fitted in place of the grime-encrusted originals.
- That he was an individualist and an original meant little to a lad with stirrings in the groin department.
- The originals were never formally withdrawn, but have been out of stock for some time.
- Tomasson hedged a bit on the 48 bodies of the original.
Longman Language Activatorsomething that is the first
something that has never been done or achieved by anyone before and is therefore surprising or exciting: · If an animated film was nominated as best picture, it would be a first.a first in: · Roger Bannister's four-minute mile was a notable first in the history of athletics.· During the 1960's, the Soviet Union achieved a series of firsts in space exploration.a first for: · Delivering a baby on the job was a first for the two police officers.
the first model of something, especially of a machine or a new invention, that is often improved in later models: · No damage to the prototype aircraft was reported after its first test flight.prototype of: · Pilots have begun testing a prototype of the new aircraft.· The prototype of this particular computer was developed by an American in 1975.prototype for: · Within a year, the company expects to have a prototype for military use.
something such as a picture or a piece of writing that is not a copy but is the one produced for the first time by the artist or writer themselves: · I wasn't sure whether the portrait was an excellent copy or the original.· This is a photograph of the manuscript. The original is in the city museum.
first-generation computers, machines etc were the first ones of their type to be produced, and are the ones that later computers, machines etc of the same type are based on: · The first-generation digital televisions cost over $2000.· There were a variety of problems common to first-generation computer software programs.
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES Unfortunately, parts of the original manuscript have been lost. the club’s new owners
(=the first one)· The hero had a different name in the original draft of the story.
(=the one given at the beginning of a process)· The final cost was nearly three times the original estimate.
(=no one has thought of it before)· The company is looking for people who can come up with original ideas.
Unfortunately, parts of the original manuscript have been lost. the club’s new owners· The building is no longer needed for its original purpose.
· The lake has already shrunk to half its original size.
· The original version was in Latin but later editions were in English.
PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY
- Tim has read Homer in the original.
- Always question any increase in price and ask why it was not included in the original estimates.
- Markowitz's two-parameter model spawned an academic industry engaged in exploring the ramifications of the investor behaviour implied in the original formulation.
- Nor is it a one-man vehicle, as Frankie Howerd's triumph in the original West End production might have suggested.
- One wishes that the contributors had collaborated with authors able to read sources in the original languages.
- The Foresters Dine in the original atmosphere of an old Coaching Inn.
- The role produces masters of realpolitik, Machiavellian in the original sense of the word.
- There seemed to be a lot of faces I had not noticed in the original team.
- This presumes that in the original metric equation is positive.
WORD FAMILYnounoriginoriginaloriginalityoriginatoradjectiveoriginal ≠ unoriginalverboriginateadverboriginally
1a work of art or a document that is not a copy, but is the one produced by the writer or artist: The colours are much more striking in the original. I’ll keep a copy of the contract, and give you the original.2in the original in the language that a book, play etc was first written in, before it was translated: I’d prefer to read it in the original.3informal someone whose behaviour, clothing etc is unusual and amusing