单词	mark
释义	mark1 verbmark2 noun markmark1 /mɑːk $ mɑːrk/ ●●● S2 W2 verb Entry menu MENU FOR markmark1 write on something2 damage3 celebrate4 show position5 year/month/week6 show a change7 quality/feature8 student’s work9 sport10 be marking time11 mark time12 (you) mark my words!13 mark youPhrasal verbsmark somebody/something downmark somebody/something down as somethingmark somebody/something offmark somebody/something outmark something up Word Origin WORD ORIGINmark2 Origin: Old English mearcian Verb Table VERB TABLE mark Simple Form Present I, you, we, they mark he, she, it marks Past I, you, he, she, it, we, they marked Present perfect I, you, we, they have marked he, she, it has marked Past perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they had marked Future I, you, he, she, it, we, they will mark Future perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they will have marked Continuous Form Present I am marking he, she, it is marking you, we, they are marking Past I, he, she, it was marking you, we, they were marking Present perfect I, you, we, they have been marking he, she, it has been marking Past perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they had been marking Future I, you, he, she, it, we, they will be marking Future perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they will have been marking Examples EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES A barbed wire fence marks the boundary between the two communities. A firework display was organized to mark the Queen's birthday. He had marked the route in red. He put a slip of paper in his book to mark his page. Her shoes marked the floor. I'll just mark the one I want in the catalog. It is a potentially fatal illness, marked by internal bleeding. Michael gave us a map of the city and marked some places of interest to visit. Mrs Parry, have you marked our tests yet? Put the lid on your pen so it doesn't mark the tablecloth. The album marks a change in Young's musical style. The celebration marked the 100th anniversary of the staging of the modern Olympic Games. The church marks the spot where St Peter died. The examiners who marked her A-level paper were very lenient and gave her a pass. The linoleum marks easily. The meeting was marked by bitter exchanges between the two sides. This year marks the company's 50th anniversary. Two shiny bronze plaques marked the former entrance to the palace. EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS For a moment there came flickering into his mind the memory of a list - nine names marked for death. It marked the end of the possibility of an attitude of withdrawal for the papacy. Like the rings on a tree that mark the years, some measures remain, resulting in a gradual buildup of security. The Gingrich investigation lasted two years and was marked by extraordinary partisan wrangling. The success rates for two tasks differing only in the lengths of the rod shown is again marked. This time it was to mark a milestone in the history of exploration. Thesaurus Longman Language Activatora mark on something that spoils its appearance► mark a spot or line on clothes, furniture, a wall, or floor etc, for example where it has been damaged, made dirty, or where someone has dropped liquid on it: · There are marks on the door where the cat has scratched it.make a mark: · Hot cups of tea can make marks on polished tables.dirty/greasy/sticky mark: · How did you get that dirty mark on your T-shirt?dirt/grease/pencil mark: · His shoes had left dirt marks across the carpet. ► stain a large mark that is difficult to remove, made when a liquid such as coffee or wine falls onto something: · I can't get this stain out of the carpet.grass/coffee/wine/blood stain: · Salt is the best cure for a red wine stain. ► spot a small round area on a surface, which is of a different colour from the rest of the surface and is made especially by drops of liquid: spot of: · Detectives found a few spots of blood on the carpet.ink/paint/oil spots: · The letter was covered in small ink spots, as though his hand had been shaking as he wrote it. ► patch especially British an area where dirt, water, oil etc has made a mark on a floor, wall, or ceiling: greasy/dirty/damp patch: · There's a damp patch under the window.patch of dirt/damp/grease: · Patches of grease covered the kitchen walls. ► smudge a dirty mark made when ink or paint is accidentally rubbed on a surface: · You can't hand your homework in with those smudges all over it.smudge of: · Ella had a smudge of green paint on her cheek. to make a mark► stain to make a large mark on something, which is difficult to remove: · The blackberry juice had stained their clothes and fingers.· She hoped the blood from the cut on her arm would not stain her blouse. ► mark to damage the surface of something by making a mark on it: · Put the lid on your pen so it doesn't mark the tablecloth. ► leave a mark/leave a stain to make a mark or stain on something, often without realizing you have done this: leave a mark/leave a stain on: · The children walked through the kitchen in their boots, leaving muddy marks on the floor.· Builders' sand leaves an orange stain on paths. a mark on someone's skin► mark a small area of skin that is a different colour from the rest of someone's skin: · He had two little marks on his face where his glasses had been.· She squeezed me so hard, she left a mark on my arm. ► pimple also spot British, /zit informal a small raised red mark, especially on someone's face, that appears suddenly and remains for a short time, often on young people: · He had a large red pimple on his nose.· When she was younger she had lovely skin, except for the occasional spot.· I can't go out tonight with this zit on my face!come out in spots: · Call the doctor if you come out in spots or rashes. ► freckle a very small, light-brown mark, usually on the face and arms, which some light-skinned people have from birth or get when they spend time in the sun: · Sarah had freckles and red hair. ► scar a permanent mark left after a cut or wound has become healthy again: · He had a scar across his forehead from hitting his head on the bottom of a swimming pool.leave a scar: · They say the wound's quite deep, and will probably leave a scar. ► bruise a purple or brown mark on your skin that you get because you have fallen, been hit etc: · How did you get that bruise on your shoulder?· I banged into the shelf so hard that I got an ugly purple bruise on my hip. ► blotch a large coloured mark caused by illness: · He had no idea what was causing the red blotches on his skin.· I first noticed the purple blotches on my neck on Thursday. ► blemish a small mark that spoils the appearance of someone's skin: · Her skin was perfect -- not a blemish on it. ► birthmark a mark, usually red or brown, which is on someone's skin when they are born and remains there all their life: · The police identified the girl from a birthmark on her leg. a mark made by a particular person, thing, or animal► mark · There are marks on the tarmac where the car left the road.finger/tyre/claw marks · I don't think the tractor came this way - there are no tyre marks in the mud.· You could see the claw marks on his body where the animal had attacked. ► footprint a mark left on the ground by the foot of a person or animal: · He ran into the hallway, leaving wet footprints behind him.· The footprints in the yard were too big to be a dog's. ► paw print a mark left by the foot of an animal such as a cat or dog: · The dog had left muddy paw prints all across the kitchen floor. ► tracks a line of marks left on the ground by a moving animal, person or vehicle: · We followed the wheel tracks across the field.· The tracks, which looked like a fox's, led directly into the forest. ► fingerprints/prints the marks of a person's fingers, which cannot usually be seen without using a special powder, used by police to catch criminals: · The police were examining the doors and windows, looking for fingerprints.· Her prints were identified on one of the glasses.have your fingerprints taken: · I had my fingerprints taken when I applied for a work permit. to decide how well a student has done► mark British /grade American to look at students' work or examination papers and give them numbers or letters to show how good they are: · I have 48 English papers to grade this evening.· Mrs Parry, have you marked our tests yet?· The examiners who marked her A-level paper were very lenient and gave her a pass.mark/grade somebody/something on something: · The rough draft is graded on content, not on grammar. to celebrate something► celebrate to do something , for example to have a party or special meal, because it is someone's birthday, wedding, or because of some other special event: · Congratulations on your promotion - we must go out and celebrate!· What do you want to do to celebrate our anniversary this year?celebrate something with something: · Harry celebrated his thirtieth birthday with a meal in a fancy restaurant. ► commemorate to do something to show that you remember and respect an important event in the past or someone who did something important in the past, especially someone who is now dead: · The annual parade commemorates the soldiers who died in the two World Wars.· The book will be published in October to commemorate the 100th anniversary of Morris's death. ► do something in somebody's honour British /honor American to do something in order to show your respect for someone, for example because they have been very brave or have achieved something very special: · A parade was organised in honour of Madame Blier, who had risked her life to save the villagers from enemy soldiers.· When Mr Johns retired after 45 years' service, the company held a party in his honour.· The home stadium is named in Robinson's honor. ► mark if you do something to mark a particular occasion, you do something special to show that it is important and should be remembered: · A firework display was organized to mark the Queen's birthday.· The celebration marked the 100th anniversary of the staging of the modern Olympic Games. ► in celebration of in order to celebrate an important event or achievement: · In celebration of the store's grand opening, we're offering free balloons for the kids.· A retrospective film festival is being planned in celebration of the actor's 86th birthday. to show someone where something is► show : show (somebody) where · The secretary showed him where to hang his coat.· Please find enclosed a map showing where our offices areshow somebody something · Uncle Joe showed me the best place to go fishing.show somebody the way · I'll show you the way to the station. It's not far. ► point to to show someone where someone or something is, by pointing towards it with your finger: · He took out a map and pointed to the island.· "The whiskey's over there," Katie said, pointing to a bottle on the table.· Can you point to the one you want? ► point out to show someone a particular person or thing that you want them to notice, especially by pointing towards it with your finger: point out somebody/something: · As we drove through Baltimore, Mary pointed out the house where she was born.point somebody/something out: · Which one's your boss? Can you point her out?point out something to somebody: · "Aren't they beautiful?'' said the guide, pointing out the paintings on the ceiling to us.point out something for somebody: · Once they'd been pointed out for me, I had no trouble identifying the major stars and planets. ► mark to show where something is by putting an object there or making a mark: · Michael gave us a map of the city and marked some places of interest to visit.· He put a slip of paper in his book to mark his page.· A barbed wire fence marks the boundary between the two communities.mark the spot: · The church marks the spot where St Peter died. ► indicate to show where something or someone is by pointing with part of your body: · The Director indicated a small table, where the items were on display.· "Shall we go in here?" He indicated the coffee bar.indicate (something) with something: · "That's my boss,'' he said, indicating with a nod of his head. WORD SETS► Sport ace, nounace, verbacrobat, nounacrobatic, adjectiveacrobatics, nounaction replay, nounaerobic, adjectiveaim, nounaim, verball-American, adjectiveall-seater, adjectivearena, nounAstroTurf, nounattack, verbaway, adverbaway, adjectiveback, nounbackhand, nounbackhanded, adjectivebackhander, nounbackspin, nounball, nounball game, nounbaseline, nounbat, nounbench, verbbleachers, nounblock, nounbobble, verbbout, nounbowl, nounbowl, verbbowling alley, nounbowling ball, nounbowling green, nounbox, nounbox, verbboxer, nounbronze, nounbronze medal, nounbye, nouncall, verbcall, nouncap, verbcaptain, nouncaptain, verbcaptaincy, nounchange, verbchanging room, nouncheer, nouncheerleader, nouncheerleading, nounchip, nounchip, verbcircuit training, nounclose season, nounclubhouse, nouncoach, nounconference, nouncontender, nouncourse, nouncourse, verbcourt, nouncover, verbcross, verbcross, nouncross-country, adjectivecrown, nouncup, nouncup final, nouncup tie, nouncurve, noundead, adjectivedecider, noundefence, noundefend, verbdefender, noundefensive, adjectivederby, noundisallow, verbdisqualify, verbdivision, noundivot, noundown, adverbdraft, noundraw, verbdraw, noundribble, verbdribble, noundrive, noundrop, verbdrop goal, noundropkick, noundrop shot, noundrubbing, noundugout, nouneleven, numberequalize, verbequalizer, nouneven, adjectiveevent, nounface, nounfast, adjectivefavourite, nounfeint, nounfield, verbfielder, nounfieldsman, nounfield sports, nounfight, verbfight, nounfighter, nounfinalist, nounfirst half, nounfirst-string, adjectivefixture, nounflat, adjectiveflip, nounfollow-through, nounfootball, nounfootwork, nounform, nounfoul, nounfoul line, nounfriendly, adjectivefull-court press, nounfull time, nounfumble, verbgala, noungame, noungame point, noungate, noungoal, noungoalie, noungoalkeeper, noungoalless, adjectivegoal line, noungoalmouth, noungoalpost, noungoaltender, noungold, noungold medal, noungrand slam, noungrandstand, nounground staff, noungym shoe, noungymslip, nounhalf, nounhalfback, nounhalf nelson, nounhalf-time, nounhammer, nounhandball, nounhand-eye co-ordination, nounhandicap, nounhandspring, nounhandstand, nounhat trick, nounhead start, nounheat, nounheavy, adjectivehiding, nounhome, adjectivein, adverbinfield, nouninjury time, nouninterference, nouninternational, nounjersey, nounjock, nounjockstrap, nounjogging suit, nounjump, nounjump ball, nounjumper, nounjumping jack, nounjump shot, nounjunior varsity, nounlane, nounleague table, nounletter, nounletter, verblevel, verblineman, nounlinesman, nounline-up, nounlocker, nounlocker room, nounluge, nounmallet, nounmanager, nounmark, verbmassacre, nounmassacre, verbmatch, nounmedal, nounmedallist, nounmeeting, nounMexican wave, nounmidfield, nounmisfield, verbmixed doubles, nounmotocross, nounmotor racing, nounmuff, verbmusclebound, adjectivemuscleman, nounnet, nounnet, verbnetball, nounnil, nounno ball, nounoarsman, nounoarswoman, nounobstruction, nounoffense, nounoffensive, adjectiveoffside, adjectiveOlympiad, nounOlympic, adjectiveOlympic Games, the, onside, adjectiveopener, nounopponent, nounout, adverbout, nounoutdistance, verboutsider, nounoverarm, adjectiveoverhand, adjectiveown goal, nounpacesetter, nounpass, verbpass, nounPE, nounpenalty, nounpep rally, nounperiod, nounphoto finish, nounphysical education, nounpitch, nounplace kick, nounplayable, adjectiveplay-by-play, nounplayer, nounplaying field, nounplay-off, nounpoint, nounpole, verbposition, nounpossession, nounpost, nounpreliminary, nounpro-am, nounprofessionalism, nounpromote, verbpromotion, nounPT, nounpull, verbpull-up, nounpummel, verbpunchbag, nounqualifier, nounqualify, verbquarter-final, nounrace, verbracetrack, nounracing, adjectiveracket, nounrain check, nounrally, nounrecord, nounrecord-holder, nounrecreation ground, nounref, nounreferee, nounreferee, verbregatta, nounrelay, nounrelay race, nounrelegate, verbreplay, verbreplay, nounrerun, verbreserve, nounretire, verbreturn, verbrevenge, nounringside, nounroll, nounrookie, nounround, nounround robin, nounrunner, nounrunner-up, nounrun-up, nounsave, verbsave, nounscore, nounscore, verbscorer, nounscratch, verbscratch, adjectivescreen, nounscrimmage, nounselector, nounsemi, nounsemi-final, nounsemi-finalist, nounsemi-professional, adjectiveserve, verbserve, nounserver, nounservice, nounset, nounshoot, verbshoot, nounshot, nounsideline, nounsilver, nounsilver medal, nounskate, nounskipper, nounslaughter, verbslice, verbslick, nounslump, nounsnowmobile, nounsnowshoe, nounsomersault, nounsouthpaw, nounspar, verbsparring partner, nounspectate, verbspectator, nounspectator sport, nounspin, nounsports centre, nounsports day, nounsportsmanship, nounsporty, adjectivespot, verbsprint, verbsquad, nounstadium, nounstagger, verbstart, nounstarter, nounstarting blocks, nounstayer, nounstick, nounstraight, nounstrip, nounstroke, nounstud, nounsub, nounsudden death, nounsweatband, nounsweatpants, nounsweat suit, nountackle, verbtackle, nountalent scout, nountarget, nounteam-mate, nounthree-legged race, nounthrow, nounthrust, verbtie, nountiebreaker, nountight, adjectivetime, verbtimekeeper, nountime out, nountitle, nountitle holder, nountopspin, nountoreador, nountour, nountournament, nountrack, nountrain, verbtransfer fee, nountrophy, nountryout, nounumpire, nounumpire, verbunbeatable, adjectiveundecided, adjectiveunderarm, adverbunderhand, adverbunplaced, adjectiveuppercut, nounvarsity, nounvolley, nounvolley, verbwalking, nounwarm-up, nounwet suit, nounwhippet, nounwhistle, verbwhistle, nounwin, nounwing, nounwinger, nounworkout, nounwristband, noun Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY► mark something personal/fragile/urgent etc  a document marked ‘confidential’ ► mark somebody present/absent (=write on an official list that someone is there or not there, especially in school) Any student who is more than 20 minutes late for class will be marked absent. ► clearly marked  All school uniform should be clearly marked with the child’s name. ► mark ... occasion  Mrs Lawson was presented with a gold watch to mark the occasion. ► mark ... place  She placed a bookmark between the pages to mark her place. ► mark the end of  These elections mark the end of an era. COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► mark the beginning of something (also signal/herald the beginning of something) (=show that something is starting to happen)· This event marked the beginning of a ten-year worldwide depression. ► bite marks  Her body was covered in bite marks. ► mark/form a boundary · The river Jordan marks the boundary between Israel and Jordan. ► burn marks  The desk was covered with graffiti and burn marks. ► a ceremony marks something · a ceremony marking the beginning of adulthood ► marked change (=very noticeable)· There was a marked change in his behaviour. ► mark the climax of something (=show that something has reached its best point)· This painting marked the climax of his career. ► a marked/striking contrast (=very noticeable)· I noticed a marked contrast in his behaviour before and after treatment. ► marked decline (=very noticeable)· Hunting led to a marked decline in bird numbers. ► a marked/dramatic difference (=very noticeable)· There was a marked difference between the two sets of results. ► distinguishing feature/mark/characteristic  The main distinguishing feature of this species is the leaf shape. ► a sharp/dramatic/marked drop in something  The results showed a sharp drop in profits. ► significant/substantial/marked effect (=quite big)· Global warming could have a significant effect on agriculture in many parts of the world. ► be/mark the end of an era (=be the end of a period of time in history that is known for a particular event, or for particular qualities)· The principal’s death marked the end of an era at the college. ► mark an essay British English, grade an essay American English:· I went home knowing that I still had a pile of essays to mark. ► token/mark of somebody’s esteem (=a sign of their respect) Please accept the small gift we enclose as a mark of our esteem. ► celebrate/commemorate/mark an event (=do something to show that you remember it)· Fans observed a minute’s silence to commemorate the tragic event. ► exam marks · Pupils were divided into classes with a similar range of ability, based on their previous exam marks. ► examination marks · On average, girls achieved higher examination marks that boys. ► mark a grave · The stone marked the grave of their young daughter. ► the halfway stage/mark/point  They’ve just reached the halfway stage of the project. ► hit the ... mark  Sales have hit the 1 million mark. ► a marked/noticeable improvement (=that people can notice)· Joanna's work showed a marked improvement. ► significant/marked increase (=definite and noticeable)· Over the last few years, there has been a marked increase in tourism to developing countries. ► a distinct/marked/conspicuous lack of something (=very noticeable)· She looked at him with a marked lack of enthusiasm. ► leave a mark/stain/scar etc  The wine had left a permanent mark on the tablecloth. ► make a hole/dent/mark etc  Make a hole in the paper. The cup has made a mark on the table. ► be marked on a map (=put a mark or symbol on a map to show where something is)· The path is clearly marked on the map. ► mark an occasion (=do something special to celebrate an event)· The bells were rung to mark the occasion. ► mark the onset of something · The tradition originates from an old Celtic feast marking the onset of winter. ► passed the ... mark  The number of unemployed has passed the two million mark for the first time. ► pass mark  The pass mark (=the mark you need to be successful) is 55%. ► mark a high/low/turning etc point (=be or happen at a particular time in the development of something)· The day of the accident marked a turning point in Kenny’s life. ► a marked preference (=strong and clear)· The animals have a marked preference for woodland. ► a marked reduction (=very easy to notice)· There has been a marked reduction in arrests since the ban on alcohol at stadiums. ► marked reluctance (=great and noticeable)· People showed a marked reluctance to accept that the situation was serious. ► as a mark of respect (=as a sign of respect, especially for someone who has just died)· Flags were flown at half mast as a mark of respect for the dead seamen. ► scorch marks  There were scorch marks on the kitchen worktop where a hot pan had been placed. ► On your marks, get set, go  On your marks, get set, go (=said to start a race). ► a significant/marked shift (=big and noticeable)· There has been a significant shift in government policy on education. ► mark/represent a shift · The idea represents a dramatic shift in health care policy. ► fall short of the mark  One or two songs on the album are interesting, but most fall short of the mark (=are not good enough). ► a remarkable/striking/marked similarity (=one that is very noticeable)· This ape's facial expressions show remarkable similarities to ours. ► mark a stage · The election marks an important stage in the rebuilding of the country. ► a marked tendency (=noticeable)· There is a marked tendency for Hollywood marriages to end in divorce. ► tyre marks (also tyre tracks) (=marks left by tyres)· There were tire marks on the road close to where the crash happened. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADVERB► clearly · Look for details on delivery charges, they should be clearly marked in all ads.· The radio controls are rather low in the center of the dash but are large and marked clearly enough.· They are clearly marked on the map from the campsite.· The text flowed into neat columns, with any excess clearly marked, ready to be moved to a jump page.· The Daemonettes have the symbol of Slaanesh clearly marked on their foreheads.· Trays are clearly marked with patient name and room number. 2.· All books and possessions, should be clearly marked with the owner's name and class.· In January, the teams finally ended their drawn-out discussions with a map that clearly marks the boundary. ► particularly · These patterns are particularly marked in the humanities and social sciences, where women are numerically stronger.· The tendency of bureaucrats to take a dim view of whistle-blowers is particularly marked in the military.· The lack of social contact between the predominantly local working class and the predominantly newcomer middle class can be particularly marked.· The differences between authorities are particularly marked in the case of special education.· The Godalming College entry was marked particularly high for clarity and student participation.· There are two childhood memories that particularly marked her.· This was particularly marked amongst the organized working class.· This is particularly marked on the matter of the last major international crisis faced by this country, the Gulf war. NOUN► anniversary · Surely it would not have cost the council a fortune to mount a modest event to mark this anniversary.· Residents had mixed feelings about marking the anniversary of the bombing of the federal building here.· That was at the Ambassador's reception to mark the anniversary of the October Revolution. ► beginning · This date was adopted by various countries as marking the beginning of the year.· The slight improvements in the eighteenth century are important because they mark the beginning of the downward trend.· It marked the beginning of the London Stock Exchange and an international trading boom for Britain.· The Gulf war could instead mark the beginning of a kind of Western perestroika.· Vienne marked the beginning of the papacy's long exile in Avignon.· However, 1983 also marked the beginning of severe destabilization.· Puberty Puberty marks the biological beginning of adult life.· It marked the beginning of Richard's association with Aquitaine. ► boundary · Like the Rhine it also marked a boundary for the Romans; beyond it - unknowable nomads!· That point is marked by a sharp boundary known as the Mohorovicic discontinuity, or Moho.· The horse would walk up that and that was how they marked the boundaries.· In January, the teams finally ended their drawn-out discussions with a map that clearly marks the boundary.· It marks the boundary of the parish of Langtom Matravers.· The Bann marks the boundary between the diocese of Armagh and the diocese of Dromore.· The magnetopause marks the inner boundary of the agitated region which itself is called the magnetosheath.· These great trees that mark old boundaries are still deep in their dark phase. ► card · One problem which proved far greater than anticipated was where no option was marked on the screening card.· She followed baseball and taught my brothers how to mark a score card.· This is always an exciting time and I have tried to mark your card with ten horses to follow.· Finally, you have to mark your card to show when to change colour.· You mark the card when you want to start a new colour.· She would then mark on the appropriate card the large task accomplished. ► celebration · One group of villagers are so delighted they're holding a celebration to mark the best harvest in years.· The celebration marks a recognition by leaders here that the Navy is an important part of the community, said Rear Adm.· Birmingham on 1 and 2 August 1838 saw a celebration to mark the end of apprenticeship.· Weekend celebrations to mark the end of military rule had led to violent clashes between police and demonstrators.· Kaskelot is one of the main features over a weekend of celebrations to mark 200 years of canals.· She was fêted at celebrations to mark the Equal Franchise Act of 1928.· It was all part of the celebrations to mark the three hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the outbreak of war.Elizabeth O'Reilly reports. ► ceremony · Possibly for ceremonies marking the annual seasons but no one can be sure.· They would stay with the building until topping out, the traditional ceremony that marks the completion of the steel skeleton.· A ceremony was held to mark the occasion and's widow is pictured planting the tree with managing director.· The ceremonies will mark more the end of a process than its beginning.· The wedding ceremony publicly marks the beginning of commitment to another through marriage. ► change · If that offer is serious, it will mark a radical change in policy.· To hold otherwise would mark a drastic change in our understanding of the Constitution.· The choice of land disposal marks a change of heart for Strathclyde's sewerage director, Prof Tom Anderson.· Time can mark changes as it had with herself.· The opening of the Springfield Works not only marked a change of base but also a change of direction for the company.· Mundo de siete pozos marks a change of direction, but not a reversal of attitudes.· The February attack could mark a change of tactics which will really threaten the regime if there is an escalation.· That marked a change for the company based in the Chatsworth section of Los Angeles. ► difference · The debate was to mark a lasting difference between East and West.· We were drawn together partly be-cause of, not in spite of, the marked differences in our personalities.· The basic convention underlying all fiction marks its difference from fact.· This isolation, like the isolation in terrestrial evolution, breeds variety and marked differences.· Bands lack formal leaders, so there are no marked economic differences or disparities in status among their members.· That is what marks the enormous valuational difference between organisms and persons.· Perhaps this marks the single biggest difference between Marxist Socialism, and Empirical Socialism as it is now practised. ► end · Then, to mark the end of the service, three enormous thunder-flashes were let off in the rear gatehouse.· The changes mark the end of an era for the long-embattled agency and for the institutions it helped.· Motherhood replaced marriage as the occasion for leaving paid work and seldom marked the end of a woman's labour force membership.· June 30 would mark the end of the triennial contract cycle that had punctuated labor-management relations in the copper industry since midcentury.· Their arrival marked the end of policies that limited women to medical and musical units.· That night, a torchlight procession through the city marked the end of the day.· Its destruction marred the prince's reputation, and it marked the end of his military career.· This appears to publicly mark a very belated end to an act of cultural vandalism that began nearly 60 years ago. ► increase · Book illustration is a field marked by sharp increases in price over the last two decades.· The 1995 total marked the second annual increase in a row and exceeded five million for the first time in three years.· The figures mark a tremendous increase in recycling, from one-in-two cans four years ago to today's rate of two-in-three.· The depression of 1884 was marked by a large increase in the number of wedding rings pawned.· Not all data on hip fractures show marked increases in winter.· All are agreed that this escalation of the 36-year-long civil war will mean a marked increase in deaths. ► map · What are the names of the main cities marked on the map?· The geologist records this by marking on a map the dip and strike of the beds wherever they outcrop.· They are clearly marked on the map from the campsite.· It was marked on a map dated 1648 and according to local reports was a working mill until 1900.· An hour later they were halted in their tracks by a cataract not marked on the map.· From an atlas find the names of the towns marked on the map as the more desirable dormitory towns.· It is clearly marked on the map recommended for use with this, and the field guide.· The track - optimistically marked on the map as Daleside Road - edged through a final gate and on to the road. ► occasion · To mark the occasion Newtownards mayor Wilbert Magill will be officiating at the ceremony.· He marked the occasion with a quiet dinner with Brand and teammate Cuttino Mobley.· Clwyd's Euro Week starts today with a special edition of Clwyd Connections published to mark the occasion by the county council.· The following books are either now in stores or will soon be released to mark the occasion.· The 1992 Richmond Meet is being marked as a historic occasion by having the first female Meet president.· Y., wore her Sunday best, a floral dress, to mark the occasion.· It seemed not to seek to impose itself but merely to mark the occasion.· Thirty-three years on, his fans gathered there to mark the occasion, and Aileen Taylor was with them. ► place · In the adjoining Garden on the Ramparts stand two obelisks marking the place where the victims of the Defenestration fell in 1618.· I never really marked off a place for myself within the family.· The Subject is the category that marks the place that the individual must fill to be constituted as a subject.· Error marks the place where education begins.· The crosses in the pavement mark their place of execution.· She keeps her finger marking her place in her book.· Cut out the collage pieces and position them on the backing and mark their places lightly with a pencil.· I mark the place where you are buried so that you will always find your way. ► point · Continue to the Bruce's Stone which commemorates the battle of 13-7 marking the turning point in Robert the Bruce's fortunes.· It marked the point where the solid rock of the mantle changed into molten iron.· Crises often mark turning points in overall patterns of policy development, because the consequences of alternative decisions can be momentous.· Employment security is going through one of those fundamental redefinitions that marks a societal turning point.· When you're happy with the layout, mark your starting point clearly on the floor, ready for the tiles.· A megalith marks a convergence point of Icy lines.· At any rate, Mary Leapor's friendship with Bridget Freemantle marks a turning point in her life.· This fact is recorded on a building in Eastgate where a plaque marks the exact point of the Greenwich Meridian. ► position · It is a good idea to paint floorboards to mark the position of pipes and cables.· Many writing on the mid-seventeenth century at present would legitimately claim that I have marked out these positions too exclusively.· This screen is set to display embedded markers which mark the position of tabs, carriage returns and text attributes.· Rehang the door, then mark the position on the door frame of the striker plate.· In figure 4.19 V1 marks the position of Venus at launch.· This comes in useful when the time comes to mark the position of the mortises.· In either case, you will have to find the ceiling joists and mark their positions on the wall. ► shift · It was decisive, in that it was marked by a shift in the character of the student body.· A border is a dividing line marking an abrupt shift between two separate, sometimes antagonistic, entities.· And such changes mark a decisive shift away from local democracy.· Between 1988 and 2000, the workforce will undergo a marked shift.· The Act marks the most significant shift in direction of the education service since that of 1944.· This specifically educational definition has of course continued, but its adoption by artists marks a significant shift.· The move appears to mark a significant shift in Government policy.· It marks a decisive shift on the part of the Sri Lankan government to sacrifice self-reliance for the possibility of increased foreign revenues. ► speech · Every profession has its in-group speech, which marks the professional and maintains solidarity.· The speech marked Ventura's decision to withdraw into Minnesota politics following his unsuccessful flirtations with bigger ambitions.· Flags at half-mast, commemorative wreaths, speeches and Solemn music marked the day. ► spot · Flowers yesterday marked the spot where Mr Reed died.· And I marked out the spots.· The slip knot should be marked with a spot of colour on the line.· They marked the spots and checked to be sure the radios were working, then let the turtles go.· Two stones, standing vertically, mark the spot.· He returned the ball to the marked spot on the fairway and pulled a club from the bag.· All that remained was the odd burnt-out farmhouse to mark the spot where civilisation had once existed.· Pilots of the planes had planned to drop bouquets, funeral wreaths and a smoke flare to mark the spot. ► stage · Three poems mark the stages of this journey which is psychological as well as aesthetic.· Today is particularly important because it marks the three-quarter stage of a very significant goal achievement.· But such sentences can be seen as marking a stage in linguistic growth.· It marks the half way stage in the itinerary and the half way stage in the narrative. ► start · For obvious reasons, laser beams or submerged fluorescent wires can not be used to mark the start line.· At the foot of the park a rainbow of balloons marks the start of the parade.· If any one date marks the start of the first Indochina war, it might be that day.· It has proved to be a great success - and it marked the start of the Garrison revival.· It also marked the start of a full-court press on the federal government.· I have marked the start of my class definitions with a comment to help you locate the code.· Tuesday, a groundbreaking ceremony at the bridge will mark the start of the first $ 35 million phase of the project. Phrases PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► be marking time Parkinson's Disease seems to be marking time at the moment. ► mark time Investors are marking time, waiting for evidence that the market is growing. Amusing, but Ackroyd marking time. Gaultier has remained true to himself, and must therefore mark time until fashion comes back around to his idiosyncratic viewpoint. The clock apparently marks time by carrying out a predictable and elaborate process of synthesizing and destroying molecules within living cells. The deep tones of the cannon marked time to the incessant roll of musketry.. The hind legs have to mark time while the forelegs cross over, making the outer ring of a wheel. We marked time at Po Ti Island for a day hoping that the north-east head wind would change in our favour. We have to lie still for five minutes, while the teachers whisper to each other as they mark time. Yet computer cuts in the services sector mean that, for now, it can do little more than mark time. ► (you) mark my words! Mark my words, that relationship won't last. ► mark you He'd marked her as he left, wanting to feel her fear. He smooths the circle to the exact depth required and marks it with a big cross. His own wife, mark you! Salinger said the radar shows four successive stages of a blip moving toward the mark that represented Flight 800. Students will float to the mark you set. There are two childhood memories that particularly marked her. Though he was fully capable of relaxation, what marked him most was a restless irritability. PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► a black mark (against somebody) It is almost impossible to borrow money if you have any black marks against you. A mini-breakdown was less of a black mark than a criminal record if he should ever choose to emigrate. Incidentally, Willoughby, you've earned yourself a black mark for that little trouble. Irina had put a black mark against him with Rakovsky. It would be a good mark, not a black mark. The exam league tables have also been given a black mark by teaching unions. The outcome will be recorded but the finding does not constitute a black mark on the record of the officer involved. Why is not immediately obvious but sufficiently worrying to put a black mark against the program. You get a black mark next to your name that may show up in your next evaluation. ► somebody’s card is marked Your card is marked, Jimbo. ► find its mark/target But now their enmity found its target in the flesh. I doubt whether it could have found its target but the very shape of it in my hands was reassuring. It found its mark; one of the suitors fell dying to the floor. ► gas mark 4/5/6 etc Place pan in a preheated hot oven 200 °C gas mark 6. ► miss the mark All too often, national political coverage misses the mark. Although it contains a grain of truth, this theory rather radically misses the mark. As a welfare program, the minimum wage misses the mark because it worsens the status of the most disadvantaged youths. But the show missed the mark on other aspects of police work, the group said. In the electronic community, these efforts will either fall short or miss the mark entirely. In your recent coverage of Novell's letter of intent to purchase Unix System Laboratories you've really missed the mark. The movie itself simply misses the mark. The truth, however, is that most of the time it misses the mark. ► overstep the mark Helen shrugged; she felt mildly embarrassed, as if she had overstepped the mark. In either case an agent trying to influence Fontaine may have overstepped the mark. The preacher overstepped the mark when he called the Royal Mail to a halt on the moor near Bagshot. ► there is a question mark over something/a question mark hangs over something► slow off the mark Diesels are condemned by some for being too slow off the mark. This time, they were slow off the mark. ► telltale signs/marks etc Here are five telltale signs that the Ego is in command: 1. Then skim through your document for their telltale signs. Would we allow the police to search the sacred precincts of marital bedrooms for telltale signs of the use of contraceptives? ► wide of the mark Another is that the view of October as the product of a truly mass-revolutionary movement is not so wide of the mark. Few forecasts have been so wide of the mark. Housing committee chairman Bill Dixon said Coun Richmond was wide of the mark and each property would only cost £30,000. In answer to this, there are cases in which the notion of force feeding is very wide of the mark. Jean Powers was not so wide of the mark. No, Watson, that is well wide of the mark even for you. The report offers no explanation for our figures being wide of the mark. ► X marks the spot Word family WORD FAMILYadjectivemarked ≠ unmarkedverbmarkadverbmarkedly 1write on something [transitive] to write or draw on something, so that someone will notice what you have written:  I’ve marked the pages you need to look at.mark something with something When you’re done, put your sheet in the envelope marked with your name.mark something on something Peter marked his name on the first page.mark something personal/fragile/urgent etc a document marked ‘confidential’mark somebody present/absent (=write on an official list that someone is there or not there, especially in school) Any student who is more than 20 minutes late for class will be marked absent. All school uniform should be clearly marked with the child’s name.2damage [intransitive, transitive] to make a mark on something in a way that spoils its appearance or damages it, or to become spoiled in this way:  Take off your shoes so you don’t mark the floor. The disease had marked her face for life. The table marks easily, so please be careful.3celebrate [transitive] to celebrate an important event:  celebrations to mark Australia Daymark something with something Carter’s 90th birthday will be marked with a large party at the Savoy Hotel. Mrs Lawson was presented with a gold watch to mark the occasion.4show position [transitive] to show where something is:  A simple wooden cross marked her grave. He had marked the route on the map in red.mark something with something Troop positions were marked with colored pins. She placed a bookmark between the pages to mark her place.5year/month/week [transitive] if a particular year, month, or week marks an important event, the event happened on that date during a previous year:  This week marks the 250th anniversary of the birth of Joseph Priestley.6show a change [transitive] to be a sign of an important change or an important stage in the development of something:  Her latest novel marks a turning point in her development as a writer. The move seemed to mark a major change in government policy. These elections mark the end of an era.7quality/feature [transitive] if something is marked by a particular quality or feature, it is a typical or important part of that thing SYN  characterize:  The villages of East Anglia are marked by beautiful churches with fine towers.GRAMMAR Mark is usually passive in this meaning.8student’s work [transitive] especially British English to read a piece of written work and put a number or letter on it to show how good it is SYN grade American English:  I’ve got a pile of exam papers to mark.9sport [transitive] especially British English to stay close to a player of the opposite team during a game SYN guard American English10be marking time to spend time not doing very much except waiting for something else to happen:  I was just marking time until a better job came up.11mark time if soldiers mark time, they move their legs as if they were marching, but remain in the same place12(you) mark my words! spoken used to tell someone that they should pay attention to what you are saying:  They’re going to regret firing me, you mark my words!13mark you British English old-fashioned used to emphasize something you say SYN  mind you:  Her uncle’s just given her a car – given, mark you, not lent. → markedmark somebody/something ↔ down phrasal verb1to write something down, especially in order to keep a record:  Mark down everything you eat on your daily chart.mark somebody/something down as something The teacher marked him down as absent.2to reduce the price of something OPP  mark up → markdown:  Winter coats have been marked down from $80 to $50.3 especially British English to give a student a lower result in a test, paper etc because they have made mistakes:  Students will be marked down for failing to follow directions.mark somebody/something down as something phrasal verb British English to consider someone or something to be a particular type of person or thing:  When I first saw Gilbert play I marked him down as a future England player.mark somebody/something ↔ off phrasal verb1to make an area separate by drawing a line around it, putting a rope around it etc:  The competitors’ arena had been marked off with cones.2to make a mark on a list to show that something has been done or completed SYN  tick off, check off:  Mark off each of the names on the list as I call them out.3 British English to make something or someone different from other things or people of a similar type SYN  distinguishmark off from Sara’s natural flair for languages marked her off from the other students.mark somebody/something ↔ out phrasal verb1to show the shape or position of something by drawing lines around it:  A volleyball court had been marked out on the grass.2 British English to make someone or something seem very different from or better than other similar people or thingsmark somebody/something out as something His stunning victory marked him out as the very best horse of his era.mark somebody out for something She seemed marked out for success.mark something ↔ up phrasal verb1to increase the price of something, so that you sell it for more than you paid for it OPP  mark down:  Compact discs may be marked up as much as 80%. → mark-up2to write notes or instructions for changes on a piece of writing, music etc:  I have to mark up the pages and send them back to the printer. mark1 verbmark2 noun markmark2 ●●● S3 W2 noun [countable] Entry menu MENU FOR markmark1 dirt2 damaged area3 coloured area4 writing5 level/number6 student’s work7 full/top marks for effort/trying/persistence etc8 high/low mark9 make/leave your mark10 leave/make its mark on somebody/something11 off the mark/wide of the mark12 close to the mark13 be a mark of something14 a mark of respect/honour/affection etc15 Mark 2/6 etc16 hit/miss the mark17 be quick/slow/first etc off the mark18 not up to the mark19 the halfway mark20 bear the mark of something21 on your mark(s), get set, go!22 money23 signature Word Origin WORD ORIGINmark1 Origin: 1-20, 22 Old English mearc ‘border, edge, sign’21 1800-1900 German Examples EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES "What mark did you get?" "B." Check the power cord for any burn marks. Garvin had scratch marks on the side of her face. He had two little marks on his face where his glasses had been. His mark on the last test gave him a final average of 88%. His shoes had left dirt marks across the carpet. Hot cups of tea can make marks on polished tables. How did you get that dirty mark on your T-shirt? I don't think the tractor came this way - there are no tyre marks in the mud. I got full marks in the history test. Put a check mark beside each person's name as they come in. She came out with the second highest marks in the class. She squeezed me so hard, she left a mark on my arm. The tape left a mark on the paint. There are marks on the door where the cat has scratched it. There are marks on the tarmac where the car left the road. You have to do the course again if you get low marks. EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS But first harness, tack and carriages had to be spruced up to ensure top marks for turnout. By the marks in the sand, it had been felled by a falcon, which made a meal of its flesh. Caught me bending was nearer the mark. During this third movement, an adagio, the land also developed stretch marks. He instantly made his mark with a series of books based on the classics. It would provide the maximum area of water within the engineering constraints and would be broadly equivalent to mean high water mark. Now, though, the irony is wearing off; they don't even bother to put their antics in quotation marks. The mark fell as low as 72. 41 yen. Thesaurus THESAURUSa dirty mark► mark a dirty area on something that spoils its appearance: · The bark of the tree had made black marks on her trousers. ► spot a small mark on something: · a grease spot on my shirt ► stain a mark that is difficult to remove, especially one made by a dark liquid: · a wine stain on the tablecloth· blood stains ► smudge a mark that is made when something touches against a surface: · There was a smudge of lipstick on his cheek.· He had a smudge of chalk on his jacket. ► smear a mark that is made by a small amount of something spread across a surface: · The table had a smear of paint on the top. ► fingerprint (also fingermark British English) a mark on the surface of something that is made by someone’s fingers: · The glass was covered with greasy fingerprints. a mark on your skin► blemish a mark on your skin that spoils its appearance: · John grew a beard to hide the blemishes on his chin. ► mole a small dark, sometimes raised, mark on your skin: · Some moles may become cancerous.· Helena found a mole on her arm which had definitely not been there before. ► freckles small light brown marks on your skin, especially on your face but also on your arms, shoulders etc: · She had a light sprinkling of freckles across her nose. ► birthmark a permanent mark on your skin that you have had since you were born: · There was a small birthmark on her left cheek. ► bruise a purple or brown mark on your skin that you get because you have fallen or been hit: · Her legs were covered in cuts and bruises. ► scar a permanent mark on your skin, caused by a cut or by something that burns you: · The injury left a small scar on his forehead. ► pimple/zit (also spot British English) a small raised red mark or lump on your skin, which usually appears when a child is between 12 and 18 years old: · When I was a teenager I had terrible spots.· The boy had a few pimples under his chin. ► wart a small hard raised mark on your skin caused by a virus: · His face was covered in hairy warts. ► blister a small area of skin that is swollen and full of liquid because it has been rubbed or burned: · There was a blister on his arm where the boiling milk had splashed him. ► rash an area of small red spots on your skin, caused by an illness or an allergy: · I can’t eat strawberries - they give me a rash. Longman Language Activatora mark on something that spoils its appearance► mark a spot or line on clothes, furniture, a wall, or floor etc, for example where it has been damaged, made dirty, or where someone has dropped liquid on it: · There are marks on the door where the cat has scratched it.make a mark: · Hot cups of tea can make marks on polished tables.dirty/greasy/sticky mark: · How did you get that dirty mark on your T-shirt?dirt/grease/pencil mark: · His shoes had left dirt marks across the carpet. ► stain a large mark that is difficult to remove, made when a liquid such as coffee or wine falls onto something: · I can't get this stain out of the carpet.grass/coffee/wine/blood stain: · Salt is the best cure for a red wine stain. ► spot a small round area on a surface, which is of a different colour from the rest of the surface and is made especially by drops of liquid: spot of: · Detectives found a few spots of blood on the carpet.ink/paint/oil spots: · The letter was covered in small ink spots, as though his hand had been shaking as he wrote it. ► patch especially British an area where dirt, water, oil etc has made a mark on a floor, wall, or ceiling: greasy/dirty/damp patch: · There's a damp patch under the window.patch of dirt/damp/grease: · Patches of grease covered the kitchen walls. ► smudge a dirty mark made when ink or paint is accidentally rubbed on a surface: · You can't hand your homework in with those smudges all over it.smudge of: · Ella had a smudge of green paint on her cheek. to make a mark► stain to make a large mark on something, which is difficult to remove: · The blackberry juice had stained their clothes and fingers.· She hoped the blood from the cut on her arm would not stain her blouse. ► mark to damage the surface of something by making a mark on it: · Put the lid on your pen so it doesn't mark the tablecloth. ► leave a mark/leave a stain to make a mark or stain on something, often without realizing you have done this: leave a mark/leave a stain on: · The children walked through the kitchen in their boots, leaving muddy marks on the floor.· Builders' sand leaves an orange stain on paths. a mark on someone's skin► mark a small area of skin that is a different colour from the rest of someone's skin: · He had two little marks on his face where his glasses had been.· She squeezed me so hard, she left a mark on my arm. ► pimple also spot British, /zit informal a small raised red mark, especially on someone's face, that appears suddenly and remains for a short time, often on young people: · He had a large red pimple on his nose.· When she was younger she had lovely skin, except for the occasional spot.· I can't go out tonight with this zit on my face!come out in spots: · Call the doctor if you come out in spots or rashes. ► freckle a very small, light-brown mark, usually on the face and arms, which some light-skinned people have from birth or get when they spend time in the sun: · Sarah had freckles and red hair. ► scar a permanent mark left after a cut or wound has become healthy again: · He had a scar across his forehead from hitting his head on the bottom of a swimming pool.leave a scar: · They say the wound's quite deep, and will probably leave a scar. ► bruise a purple or brown mark on your skin that you get because you have fallen, been hit etc: · How did you get that bruise on your shoulder?· I banged into the shelf so hard that I got an ugly purple bruise on my hip. ► blotch a large coloured mark caused by illness: · He had no idea what was causing the red blotches on his skin.· I first noticed the purple blotches on my neck on Thursday. ► blemish a small mark that spoils the appearance of someone's skin: · Her skin was perfect -- not a blemish on it. ► birthmark a mark, usually red or brown, which is on someone's skin when they are born and remains there all their life: · The police identified the girl from a birthmark on her leg. a mark made by a particular person, thing, or animal► mark · There are marks on the tarmac where the car left the road.finger/tyre/claw marks · I don't think the tractor came this way - there are no tyre marks in the mud.· You could see the claw marks on his body where the animal had attacked. ► footprint a mark left on the ground by the foot of a person or animal: · He ran into the hallway, leaving wet footprints behind him.· The footprints in the yard were too big to be a dog's. ► paw print a mark left by the foot of an animal such as a cat or dog: · The dog had left muddy paw prints all across the kitchen floor. ► tracks a line of marks left on the ground by a moving animal, person or vehicle: · We followed the wheel tracks across the field.· The tracks, which looked like a fox's, led directly into the forest. ► fingerprints/prints the marks of a person's fingers, which cannot usually be seen without using a special powder, used by police to catch criminals: · The police were examining the doors and windows, looking for fingerprints.· Her prints were identified on one of the glasses.have your fingerprints taken: · I had my fingerprints taken when I applied for a work permit. a fact or quality that makes someone or something different► difference a detail, fact, or quality that makes one person or thing different from another: · We should think about the similarities between cultures, not the differences.difference between: · Try and spot the differences between these two pictures.· The difference between the two cheeses is that one is made from goat's milk.difference in: · I don't think there's any difference in the way you pronounce these two words.know the difference: · He's speaking Italian, not Spanish. Don't you know the difference? ► distinction a clear, but usually small, difference between similar things: · Pablo insists that he is Basque, not Spanish - an important distinction.distinction between: · There is a clear distinction between lawful protest and illegal strike action. ► distinguishing feature/mark/characteristic a feature of a particular person or thing that makes them look different from other similar people or things: · The distinguishing feature of the African elephant is the size of its ears.· The melodies of most composers have distinguishing characteristics which make them instantly identifiable. to have a bad effect► have a bad/serious/harmful etc effect · The drug can have a serious effect on the body's immune system.have a devastating/disastrous effect (=have an extremely bad effect) · The war is having a devastating effect on people's lives. ► badly/seriously etc affect to have a bad effect on someone or something: · Late nights and lack of sleep can seriously affect your performance at work.· Rescue officials have gone to three villages badly affected by the earthquakes. ► be bad for to have a bad effect on someone or something: · Changing schools too often can be bad for a child's social development.it's bad for somebody to do something: · I think it's bad for her to spend so much time worrying about him. ► take a toll/take its toll to have a serious and harmful effect on something or someone, especially after continuing for a long time: · Years of civil war and drought have taken their toll, and the population of the region is greatly reduced.take a toll/take its toll on: · Bad working conditions eventually take a toll on staff morale. ► leave a mark/leave its mark to have an important and permanent effect on something: · She was only here for a few months, but she certainly left her mark.leave a mark/leave its mark on: · The long dispute has left its mark on the mining industry. ► tell to have a noticeable and often harmful effect on a person or on a situation: tell on: · The strain of living with her violent husband was telling on Judy.start/begin to tell: · The power of the mayor's cronies began to tell as the election drew closer. ► have a negative impact on to affect something in a way that harms it or makes it worse than it was before: · We need to be assured that the new development will not have a negative impact on the local environment.· Last year's attacks have continued to have a negative impact on the tourist industry this year. a letter or number that shows how well a student has done► grade a letter that is put on a student's work or on an exam to show how good or bad it is: · I wasn't very happy with the grade on my essay.· Class participation is a quarter of your final grade.good/bad grade: · I need a really good grade on the final exam to pass the class.get a grade: · If he gets good enough grades, he'll get a scholarship to Michigan State. ► mark especially British the number or letter that is put on a student's work to show how good or bad it is: · His mark on the last test gave him a final average of 88%.get a mark: · "What mark did you get?" "B."good/high mark: · She came out with the second highest marks in the class.bad/low/poor mark: · You have to do the course again if you get low marks.get full marks (=get the highest possible marks): · I got full marks in the history test. ► score American a number which shows how well or badly a student has done in an examination, especially an important exam given to a lot of students: high/low score: · Students at King elementary generally have the highest test scores in the city.score on: · Scores on standardized tests have been steadily falling over the past ten years. ► results British all the marks that a student gets in a set of tests or examinations, that show whether he or she has been successful or not: · The school's "GCSE" results had been much better the previous year.get good results: · Ceri got better results than she expected.exam results: · David had appaling exam results at school despite his obvious intelligence. ► grade point average/GPA American the average score that a student earns based on all their grades. Usually an A is 4 points, a B is 3 , a C is 2, and a D is 1, and an F is 0: · To be on the honor roll, students must have a GPA of at least 3.5. to guess incorrectly► guess wrong to guess incorrectly: · I guessed she was over sixteen, but I guessed wrong. ► overestimate to guess wrongly, by thinking that the amount, level, or cost of something is bigger, more expensive etc than it really is: · People overestimated the risk of catching the disease.overestimate how much/how long etc: · We overestimated how long the journey would take, and arrived far too early. ► underestimate to guess wrongly, by thinking that the amount, level, or cost of something is smaller, less expensive etc than it really is: · They underestimated the amount of time it would take to finish the work.underestimate how much/ how long etc: · You must never underestimate how much I love you.how difficult/ how important etc: · Don't underestimate how good the other team is, or how hard they're going to play.badly/greatly underestimate: · They had badly underestimated how many lifeboats would be needed. ► be wide of the mark to guess incorrectly - use this when someone is not at all close to being correct: · The movie was expected to gross millions, but that forecast was wide of the mark.be seriously/hopelessly wide of the mark: · All the opinion polls turned out to be hopelessly wide of the mark. a point on a scale that measures quantity or quality► level · When the temperature reaches a certain level the machine will switch off automatically.noise levels · Background noise levels at New York's J. F. Kennedy international airport are between 51-98 decibels.level of · The water is treated to reduce the levels of pollution in it. ► point : boiling/freezing/melting etc point the exact level at which something boils/freezes/melts etc: · The boiling point of water is 100 degrees Celsius.· By mixing metals it is possible to make alloys which are tougher and have a lower melting point than the individual metals. ► the 1000/two million etc mark if the number of something reaches the 1000/two million etc mark it reaches a particular level, especially a high level: · The average salary of players in the NHL is steadily climbing to the $1 million mark. hit the 1000/two million etc mark : · Unemployment hit the three million mark in the UK in 1981. to be successful in your work► be successful also be a success to earn a lot of money or to become well known and respected, because you do your job very well: · Five years ago he started his own business and now he's very successful.· I'm glad we appointed Cyril - he's proved to be a great success.· In order to be successful as a dancer, you need flair and stamina.· He's leaving the company, despite having been a big success as marketing manager.· People who are successful in their careers have found out what they like and do well. ► do well to be successful in your job, especially because you work hard: · Gail seemed so anxious to do well, and she worked really hard.· When the players do well, I praise them -- but there are no rewards for coming second.· Neither of the kids was doing well in school.· Most of his tutors expected him to do well at Harvard.· My friend left college and went into law, and he's doing very well for himself. ► get on/get ahead to be successful in your job, especially because you have a very strong desire to succeed: · The people who get on are the ones who create their own opportunities.· My father's experience taught me a memorable lesson in how to get ahead.get on in life/the world: · You may not like having to agree with everything the boss says, but often that's the way to get on in life.· If you want to get ahead in this world, kid, never take 'no' for an answer. ► make it informal to become successful, especially in the sports or entertainment business: · He was a talented football player and I knew he'd make it.· We've fought long and hard to get where we are, and we deserve to make it.make it big (=become very successful): · Many actors move to America, hoping to make it big in Hollywood.make it on your own (=without any help from anyone): · Get as much advice from colleagues as you can - it can be difficult trying to make it on your own. ► succeed to become successful in your job by doing it well and continuing to work at it for a fairly long time: · People who have had setbacks are often the ones who are really driven to succeed.· a strong desire to succeedsucceed as a teacher/actor/musician etc: · If you don't change your attitude, you will never succeed as a manager in this firm.succeed at: · My parents always told me I'd succeed at anything I chose to do.succeed in: · A lot of people doubted that I could succeed in business for myself. ► rise to the top to get better and better jobs in a company, organization, or profession so that eventually you have one of the most important jobs in it: · Those who rise to the top in advertising can expect to earn in excess of $100,000.· I think we all like to believe that if someone is made of the right stuff, they will rise to the top.· A consummate professional, he rose to the top of the most competitive organization in the country. ► work your way up to work very hard in your job so that eventually you reach an important and high position: · While she was working her way up from dishwasher to chef, she was studying at night school to improve her grades. work your way up to the top: · He started two years ago as an admin assistant, and worked his way up to the top. ► make your mark to be successful in your job so that people notice you and respect your ability, especially because of a particular piece of work you have done: · In his early twenties, Terry was the typical ambitious graduate, full of ideas and eager to make his mark.· She instantly made her mark with a series of award-winning ad campaigns for high-profile clients. ► further/advance your career to gain more important and better paid jobs in your chosen area of work, especially by doing things that will get you noticed by more important people that you work with: · First, take a look at what you personally can do to advance your career.· In recent weeks, Janet has become aware that her colleague Alan has been using her to further his own career. information/numbers/calculations etc► wrong not correct: · For every answer that is wrong, you lose five points.· I think that clock must be wrong (=showing the wrong time).get something wrong: · You must have got my email address wrong.wrong (telephone) number/address/name etc: · I tried to phone him, but it was the wrong number.· This must be the wrong address -- no one of that name lives here ► incorrect facts, figures, answers etc that are incorrect are wrong because they are not the same as the correct ones: · The information about current prices was incorrect.· incorrect spelling· They discovered later that the doctor had made an incorrect diagnosis.it is incorrect to do/say something: · It's simply incorrect to say that tobacco advertising does not influence young people. ► misleading a statement or piece of information that is misleading makes people believe something that is not true, especially because it does not give all the facts: · The article was deliberately misleading, and the newspaper has apologized.· misleading statistics· The Advertising Review Board says the adverts are deliberately misleading.give a misleading impression/statement etc: · Agents often gave a false or misleading description of the houses they were selling. ► inaccurate information, numbers etc that are inaccurate are not exactly right or contain some mistakes: · The old maps were usually inaccurate or incomplete.· TV ratings figures are often inaccurate.· He admitted he had given the committee 'inaccurate, incomplete and unreliable information'. totally/wildly inaccurate (=very inaccurate): · Figures quoted in the article are wildly inaccurate. ► bad : bad grammar/English/Italian etc not spoken or written correctly: · You will lose marks for bad grammar in the exam.· Robert ordered two beers in very bad Spanish.· Masanori is the worst student in the class -- his spelling's bad and his grammar's terrible. ► be out British /be off American if a measurement, result, figure etc is out , it is wrong because the numbers have not been calculated correctly: · These sales figures must be out. We certainly haven't made that much money this year.be out by $10/50 centimetres etc: · My last bank statement was off by $60. ► be way off the mark if someone's guess, opinion etc is way off the mark , their idea about a situation is completely wrong: · No, you're way off the mark -- he was born in 1736. WORD SETS► Currencies bob, nounbureau de change, nouncent, nouncentime, nounchange, verbC-note, nouncoin, verbcoinage, nounconvertible, adjectivecrown, nouncurrency, nouncurrency peg, nound., decimalization, noundenomination, nounDeutschmark, noundevalue, verbdime, noundinar, noundollar, noundoubloon, noundough, noundrachma, nounducat, nounexchange rate, nounfarthing, nounfifty, numberfirm, adjectivefiver, nounfive-spot, nounfloat, verbforeign exchange, nounFr, franc, noungold, noungold card, noungroat, nounguilder, nounguinea, nounhalf crown, nounhalf dollar, nounhalfpenny, nounha'penny, nounhard currency, nounkrona, nounkrone, nounKrugerrand, nounlegal tender, nounlira, nounmark, nounmill, nounmint, nounmint, verbmoney, nounmoney supply, nounnickel, nounnote, nounp., paper money, nounparity, nounpence, nounpennies, penny, nounpennyworth, nounpetrodollars, nounpiece, nounquarter, nounquid, nounrand, nounrate of exchange, nounrevalue, verbriyal, nounrouble, nounruble, nounrupee, nounsawbuck, nounshekel, nounshilling, nounsilver, nounsilver dollar, nounsingle, nounsingle currency, nounsixpence, nounsoft currency, nounsovereign, nounsterling, nounstrong, adjectivetenner, nounthreepence, nounthreepenny bit, nountraveller's cheque, nountuppence, nountuppeny, adjectivetwopenny, adjectiveweaken, verbyen, nounyuan, noun Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY Meanings 1 & 2verbs► make a mark · Her lipstick had made a mark on his collar. ► leave a mark (=make a mark)· The glass had left a mark on the table. ► remove a mark · The product removes greasy marks from clothes. ► a mark comes off/out · I can’t get this dirty mark to come out. ► a mark fades (=it gradually disappears)· His scratch marks have faded, but the memories never will. ADJECTIVES/NOUN + mark► a black mark · There were black marks all over the floor. ► a dirty mark · What’s that dirty mark on your coat? ► a greasy mark · It’s good for getting greasy marks off carpet. ► a tyre mark British English, a tire mark American English (=a mark left on the ground by a vehicle’s tyre)· The track was pretty soft and there were tyre marks. ► a skid mark (=a long tyre mark caused by a car that has lost control)· After the accident, two sets of skid marks were found. ► a scorch/burn mark (=a mark caused by burning)· There appeared to be scorch marks on the ceiling. ► a stretch mark (=a mark on your skin caused by stretching)· Most women get stretch marks when they have a baby. ► a bite mark (=a mark where something has bitten you)· Her arms were covered in itchy bite marks. ► a scratch mark · The chairs had made scratch marks on the floor. COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► mark the beginning of something (also signal/herald the beginning of something) (=show that something is starting to happen)· This event marked the beginning of a ten-year worldwide depression. ► bite marks  Her body was covered in bite marks. ► mark/form a boundary · The river Jordan marks the boundary between Israel and Jordan. ► burn marks  The desk was covered with graffiti and burn marks. ► a ceremony marks something · a ceremony marking the beginning of adulthood ► marked change (=very noticeable)· There was a marked change in his behaviour. ► mark the climax of something (=show that something has reached its best point)· This painting marked the climax of his career. ► a marked/striking contrast (=very noticeable)· I noticed a marked contrast in his behaviour before and after treatment. ► marked decline (=very noticeable)· Hunting led to a marked decline in bird numbers. ► a marked/dramatic difference (=very noticeable)· There was a marked difference between the two sets of results. ► distinguishing feature/mark/characteristic  The main distinguishing feature of this species is the leaf shape. ► a sharp/dramatic/marked drop in something  The results showed a sharp drop in profits. ► significant/substantial/marked effect (=quite big)· Global warming could have a significant effect on agriculture in many parts of the world. ► be/mark the end of an era (=be the end of a period of time in history that is known for a particular event, or for particular qualities)· The principal’s death marked the end of an era at the college. ► mark an essay British English, grade an essay American English:· I went home knowing that I still had a pile of essays to mark. ► token/mark of somebody’s esteem (=a sign of their respect) Please accept the small gift we enclose as a mark of our esteem. ► celebrate/commemorate/mark an event (=do something to show that you remember it)· Fans observed a minute’s silence to commemorate the tragic event. ► exam marks · Pupils were divided into classes with a similar range of ability, based on their previous exam marks. ► examination marks · On average, girls achieved higher examination marks that boys. ► mark a grave · The stone marked the grave of their young daughter. ► the halfway stage/mark/point  They’ve just reached the halfway stage of the project. ► hit the ... mark  Sales have hit the 1 million mark. ► a marked/noticeable improvement (=that people can notice)· Joanna's work showed a marked improvement. ► significant/marked increase (=definite and noticeable)· Over the last few years, there has been a marked increase in tourism to developing countries. ► a distinct/marked/conspicuous lack of something (=very noticeable)· She looked at him with a marked lack of enthusiasm. ► leave a mark/stain/scar etc  The wine had left a permanent mark on the tablecloth. ► make a hole/dent/mark etc  Make a hole in the paper. The cup has made a mark on the table. ► be marked on a map (=put a mark or symbol on a map to show where something is)· The path is clearly marked on the map. ► mark an occasion (=do something special to celebrate an event)· The bells were rung to mark the occasion. ► mark the onset of something · The tradition originates from an old Celtic feast marking the onset of winter. ► passed the ... mark  The number of unemployed has passed the two million mark for the first time. ► pass mark  The pass mark (=the mark you need to be successful) is 55%. ► mark a high/low/turning etc point (=be or happen at a particular time in the development of something)· The day of the accident marked a turning point in Kenny’s life. ► a marked preference (=strong and clear)· The animals have a marked preference for woodland. ► a marked reduction (=very easy to notice)· There has been a marked reduction in arrests since the ban on alcohol at stadiums. ► marked reluctance (=great and noticeable)· People showed a marked reluctance to accept that the situation was serious. ► as a mark of respect (=as a sign of respect, especially for someone who has just died)· Flags were flown at half mast as a mark of respect for the dead seamen. ► scorch marks  There were scorch marks on the kitchen worktop where a hot pan had been placed. ► On your marks, get set, go  On your marks, get set, go (=said to start a race). ► a significant/marked shift (=big and noticeable)· There has been a significant shift in government policy on education. ► mark/represent a shift · The idea represents a dramatic shift in health care policy. ► fall short of the mark  One or two songs on the album are interesting, but most fall short of the mark (=are not good enough). ► a remarkable/striking/marked similarity (=one that is very noticeable)· This ape's facial expressions show remarkable similarities to ours. ► mark a stage · The election marks an important stage in the rebuilding of the country. ► a marked tendency (=noticeable)· There is a marked tendency for Hollywood marriages to end in divorce. ► tyre marks (also tyre tracks) (=marks left by tyres)· There were tire marks on the road close to where the crash happened. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► big · Ready for action A big question mark hangs over the wisdom of visiting any Arab state at present, writes Mike Harper.· Another big question mark: How vigorously will the local phone companies defend their turf?· Her husband says she has a big mark across her throat from the rope.· The biggest question mark over Major out of the row is how the Government got into this mess in the first place.· Defense and goalie are the biggest question marks.· Many of these leave a very big question mark as to their eternal significance.· But there's a big question mark over whether they could afford to keep him in the Third Division. ► black · The former Shah's advocacy of a collective security pact was a further black mark against the Gulf scheme.· Still, you could almost see the black mark being registered against the name of the man who had asked the question.· A mini-breakdown was less of a black mark than a criminal record if he should ever choose to emigrate.· They reduced his manuscript to a patchwork of black marks.· Irina had put a black mark against him with Rakovsky.· But there is one black mark.· Why is not immediately obvious but sufficiently worrying to put a black mark against the program.· You get a black mark next to your name that may show up in your next evaluation. ► deutsche · Sterling was weaker against the deutsche mark at 2. 2354 marks compared with 2. 2390 at the previous close.· The benchmark five-year deutsche mark swap spread fell 1 basis point to 45 basis points.· Bayer shares fell 1 deutsche mark to 404.· The benchmark five-year deutsche mark swap spread rose 2 basis points to 47 basis points.· The dollar was also lower against the deutsche mark. ► full · None of them got full marks.· And then, you have a pitching staff that is full of question marks.· So full marks to Lord Ridley for injecting some fun into last week's gathering of Northern Rock investors.· Well, full marks for courage, Major.· Well done Ralph, and full marks Henry.· Not a parasite Overall assessment: Full marks for background, education, appearance.· She was thinking: Full marks to Roberta.· You had to give the woman full marks for persistence. ► high · This was the high water mark of Elf culture when most of their greatest works of art were created.· She also gives high marks to manager Dusty Baker.· Emma, who presently works in corporate finance, was awarded the IoT medal and Butterworth prize for the highest overall marks.· Newhome sales were slightly below the high marks of the late 1970s.· Overall, only two out of three supermarkets, one in three delicatessens and one in five butchers scored high marks for hygiene.· No wonder he then passed with very high marks.· Restencourt did seven triples, including two triple axels, and received higher technical marks than Weir. ► low · The class with the lowest mark would be excluded from story time.· Warren, who had been given excellent evaluations two months before his report, was subsequently given low marks and denied promotion.· Below low water mark, predation by lobsters may be significant.· It is sometimes represented in transcription with a low mark so that the examples could be transcribed as,. ► quick · Salad crops, however, are quick off the mark. ► red · You can be left with a red mark a couple of inches across that takes days to fade.· The spectacles left bright red marks which took some time to go away.· Even at this distance you could see that huge red mark across his cheek.· The first is a surface sore which starts off as a red mark.· There was a brutal, red thumb mark just at the point where her shoulders met her neck.· Note, on the protection strip, you have red marks - - - -.· She shrieked at the sting of the blows, which left a red mark down one side of her face.· Its nail was a rose thorn; she allowed it to scratch at her skin, making a faint red mark. ► short · When it comes to the expected sporty performance and handling, the Paseo again falls short of the mark.· However, it falls short of the mark of providing the needed discussion of analytical biochemical problems. ► top · This means that a few get top marks, a big bunch get middling marks, and a few come near the bottom.· But first harness, tack and carriages had to be spruced up to ensure top marks for turnout.· You had to give Anthony top marks for persistence, she thought to herself.· She scored top marks, and received the Lord Wolfenden prize for outstanding academic performance.· I have to give you top marks for determination.· We also gave it top marks for looks. ► wide · Another is that the view of October as the product of a truly mass-revolutionary movement is not so wide of the mark.· No, Watson, that is well wide of the mark even for you.· The report offers no explanation for our figures being wide of the mark.· Housing committee chairman Bill Dixon said Coun Richmond was wide of the mark and each property would only cost £30,000.· Few forecasts have been so wide of the mark.· Shock tactics often fall wide of their mark.· Jean Powers was not so wide of the mark. NOUN► exclamation · And I mean that exclamation mark.· Then exclamation marks abound, and she uses verbs in the imperative to heighten the drama of her warning to humanity.· But those rather racy exclamation marks are a surprise.· It was too easy to be silly and goofy and laugh and use exclamation marks.· Over the Easter term, the inky tadpoles changed from commas into exclamation marks.· Wind brings a dandelion drift of exclamation marks, and the thrush types an against a stone.· One is the exclamation mark, used twice. ► gas · The heat in Keegan's kitchen barely rose above gas mark one.· Place on a baking tray and bake in an oven at 425°F, 220°C or Gas mark 7 for approximately 1 hour.· Place pan in a preheated hot oven 200 °C gas mark 6.· Return pan to oven and increase heat to 220 °C gas mark 7. ► pass · It is not a pass mark and yet all children are supposed to aspire to it.· Instead, the pass mark was set higher for girls!· For example, what pass mark would they set for an examination they are about to sit?· How would students react to you setting a pass mark of say 80%? ► punctuation · Rather it was a fiery punctuation mark, a coal-like comma, or salamander semicolon, in a continuing story.· Hyphens Hyphens, perhaps the most creative punctuation marks, join two or more words to create a single word.· The recognition system was also extended to allow punctuation marks, digits and other non-alphabetic characters in certain situations.· Baghdad's Babil daily put the punctuation marks above published excerpts from a U.S.· He snorted quietly: an unemotional noise; a punctuation mark.· Most people make mistakes, especially with punctuation marks.· Each punctuation mark is put into a flashing mode, and another graphic character replaces each word.· In addition, the program tallies the number of punctuation marks and calculates the average space between them. ► question · Suddenly question marks hung over her head.· Another big question mark: How vigorously will the local phone companies defend their turf?· One of the keys dispensed with was the question mark.· She drew the first question mark.· He says obviously there's now a question mark over his future.· Then the disk drive whirred once more and the question mark evaporated.· Many of these leave a very big question mark as to their eternal significance.· Defense and goalie are the biggest question marks. ► quotation · Now, though, the irony is wearing off; they don't even bother to put their antics in quotation marks.· I might also comment that she seemed to know what the quotation marks represented on the page.· At first the international press used it ironically, in quotation marks.· Finally, quotes, simply by being embraced by quotation marks or set in italics, will attract your readers.· These are lives lived wholly within quotation marks, and the references are mostly Henry James.· For example, if we teach a child quotation marks, the child will sprinkle them liberally throughout every story.· Her tone changes in response to quotation marks, and her spacing matches the length of pages, sentences, and words.· When a quotation is followed by an attributive phrase, the comma is enclosed within the quotation marks. ► skid · The skid marks were evident on the last 750 feet of runway travel.· On the concrete floor inside are tire tracks, and skid marks where kids have done wheelies or donuts. ► trade · A company's name must not include a trade mark unless its owner's consent is obtained.· To this day, its trade mark has been the concentration on the body and its movements.· We will introduce legislation to simplify trade mark registration and extend the rights they confer. ► water · But it was a misreading to suppose that the vote then marked the high water mark on the issue.· This was the high water mark of Elf culture when most of their greatest works of art were created.· Below low water mark, predation by lobsters may be significant.· It would provide the maximum area of water within the engineering constraints and would be broadly equivalent to mean high water mark.· I found what I took to be high water mark with my feet rather than my eyes. VERB► bear · A large piece of whale blubber, bearing the marks of fleshing knives, has been discovered off west Falkland.· The imam still bore the mark of that experience in his gaunt frame and sallow, jaundiced complexion.· The great Leinster dinner service of 1747 was his swansong: no silver bearing his mark appears thereafter.· Products graded in accordance with established standards bear the appropriate grade marks.· And her body, bearing one tiny mark, had been found with a bird's head, near the barrow.· Krupat's face, which I knew so well, bore some recent marks.· Some of you have the look of lords, yet you bear the mark of hard travelling and your steeds are scarred.· None the less, nationalization still bore the mark of long struggles by the labour movement to further working class interests. ► fall · When it comes to the expected sporty performance and handling, the Paseo again falls short of the mark.· Bayer shares fell 1 deutsche mark to 404.· Shock tactics often fall wide of their mark.· However, it falls short of the mark of providing the needed discussion of analytical biochemical problems. ► give · You choose a monday paper which gives marks out of 10.· A place is approached, sampled, and given a mark.· You had to give the woman full marks for persistence.· In a survey she took at the end of the term, the students gave themselves poor marks for class participation.· She had to give him full marks for originality.· Warren, who had been given excellent evaluations two months before his report, was subsequently given low marks and denied promotion.· Oh, some of the priests said you got given marks afterwards, but what was the point of that?· Only 19 percent of the respondents gave lawyers high marks for maintaining honest and ethical standards. ► hit · In any book of several hundred pages you're bound to hit the mark occasionally.· The first time I saw him hit from the farthest mark, I cheered.· Had the muddy weed really hit its mark?· If one of us hits the half-century mark, we all do.· Today I have to hit as many marks as possible, and Dixie can find them fast.· Not every story hits the mark.· It took five years for revenue to hit the £1 million mark.· About half hit the comic mark. ► leave · But it left it's mark.· Stagflation and the threat of deeper world recession has left marks upon the consciousness of the workers.· Velvet Pin as little as possible as pins tend to leave marks.· Eager to work and leave their mark, the Volunteers seethed at the phlegmatic nature of the program.· The drip, drip of winter skis propped up outside rooms have left their their sallow mark.· The disturbing images, however, have left a mark.· The modern period has left its mark too, literally.· He left few marks in the annals of economic discipline. ► make · He made his greater mark as a cricket administrator.· Everyone likes to make their mark.· It was as a policeman that he made his mark.· Billionaire Marvin Davis made his deal-making mark in oil and Hollywood.· Mark the floor, walls and ceiling, making sure that wall marks are truly vertical.· In some years, he has made up for losing marks in the regular season by increasing his bets in the playoffs.· Eva continued to make her own personal mark.· Its competition made their marks by being faster and easier to use. ► miss · The bundled software, aimed at children, missed its mark.· As a welfare program, the minimum wage misses the mark because it worsens the status of the most disadvantaged youths.· In your recent coverage of Novell's letter of intent to purchase Unix System Laboratories you've really missed the mark.· The movie itself simply misses the mark.· But, put like this, the objection misses its mark.· All too often, national political coverage misses the mark.· In the electronic community, these efforts will either fall short or miss the mark entirely.· But the show missed the mark on other aspects of police work, the group said. ► overstep · The preacher overstepped the mark when he called the Royal Mail to a halt on the moor near Bagshot.· Helen shrugged; she felt mildly embarrassed, as if she had overstepped the mark.· In either case an agent trying to influence Fontaine may have overstepped the mark.· In each painting a conjurer has overstepped his mark. ► put · I got ta put my mark on you.· Irina had put a black mark against him with Rakovsky.· Baghdad's Babil daily put the punctuation marks above published excerpts from a U.S.· Why is not immediately obvious but sufficiently worrying to put a black mark against the program.· Then measure 6 feet from the string along the house, and put a mark there.· Mr Lamont has also put his mark on Tory budgets for the next three years, regardless of whether he remains Chancellor.· But then along came some one like Lucas, and put the mark of Cain on everybody. ► reach · Today, hit shows are lucky to reach the 10 % mark, and even blockbusters fail to reach twice that.· But on Feb. 20 he reached the century mark.· The water had reached its mark and was lapping the grass that he stood on.· The dollar could reach 1. 48 marks and 106 yen by the end of January, Cohen said.· My confidence suffered so much that I failed to reach the 50-wicket mark in three successive County Championship campaigns with Middlesex.· The Republicans have not reached their high-water mark in the South yet.· Total moped sales are now reaching the 50,000 mark at 47,112, which is up 35.2 per cent on last year.· As the countdown reaches the two-minute mark, the room seems to tremble. ► set · But if Hunt had now set his mark on the F1 scene and matured, at Team Hesketh matters were quite different.· We can see where the plate and the chair were set, the marks are just visible on the floor.· How would students react to you setting a pass mark of say 80%?· Firms set prices as a mark up over average cost.· He had set his mark on them. Phrases PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► high/low mark Expect him to finish the season on a higher mark. Job sharers scored high marks on problem solving, team work and flexibility and demonstrated greater resilience in the face of setbacks. Newhome sales were slightly below the high marks of the late 1970s. She also gives high marks to manager Dusty Baker. The company received fairly high marks in Clark County, where it began managing mental health services in January 1996. The formula attains a high mark when a diversity of variables is woven into a unified design. This is how to do it - and earn high marks! ► make/leave your mark Accompanied by his wife and stepson, he headed south, leaving his mark as a burglar. But the company left its mark. His great predecessors made their marks with bold deeds. Inevitably, perhaps, Jasper Johns's renowned Target is here and undeniably yet again succeeds in making its mark. It was here in Iowa in 1988 that the new religious right first made its mark in national politics. Its competition made their marks by being faster and easier to use. Stop Hinkley Expansion had made its mark. The grey streets of London and a Western society on which the permissive 1960s had made its mark were small compensation. ► leave/make its mark on somebody/something Being on a Kindertransport was, in itself, a traumatic experience that left its mark on otherwise balanced and healthy children. Growing up in the shadow of Olivier had already left its mark on Richard professionally. History is what you live and it leaves its mark on how you die. I was only a boy of ten at the time, but it left its mark on me too. It's bound to leave its mark on a man. So Hackney has left its mark on the history of madness. ► off the mark/wide of the mark► close to the mark► be a mark of something This hopefulness in the face of difficulties is a mark of Humphrey's novels. Baptism is a mark of belonging, a ground of assurance, which the Spirit can take home to our hearts. His representing Kent in the Carlisle parliament of 1307 was a mark of corresponding importance in his own pays. It is a mark of cross-cultural identification, involving a complicated mix of pride, achievement and lingering shame. It is a mark of respect for those you intend to do business with. Participants know that inclusion is a mark of their own excellence. Rebellion was a mark of achievement more than a sign of weakness. That this did not happen to princes was a mark of their ability. Their suffering was a mark of being chosen. ► a mark of respect/honour/affection etc As a mark of respect I did the same thing, followed by Tam and Richie. As a mark of respect, and in keeping with the tradition of the family, all the Denknetzeyans stayed at Le Richemond. Before entering it, a student must make a formal bow at the doorway as a mark of respect. He had expended himself so much for the people Eva made the long journey to his funeral as a mark of respect. However, he regarded it as a mark of respect and discipline, and old habits died hard. It is a mark of respect for those you intend to do business with. It seemed a mark of respect for the dead. The following day's race was cancelled as a mark of respect. ► Mark 2/6 etc Bake in a preheated oven at 200C, 400F or Gas Mark 6 for 20 minutes. Cook in a preheated oven at 200 C, 400F or Gas Mark 6 for about 1 hour. The Mark 2 engine however is fitted with a much improved Weslake head which is best left on. Then reduce oven setting to 200°C, 400°F, Gas Mark 6 and open the foil so that the bread browns and crisps. ► hit/miss the mark All too often, national political coverage misses the mark. As a welfare program, the minimum wage misses the mark because it worsens the status of the most disadvantaged youths. But the show missed the mark on other aspects of police work, the group said. In any book of several hundred pages you're bound to hit the mark occasionally. In your recent coverage of Novell's letter of intent to purchase Unix System Laboratories you've really missed the mark. The movie itself simply misses the mark. The umpires green-flagged the crash but penalised Stripes for hitting the mark, effectively giving Kanza the race. Words don't always hit the mark, do they? ► be quick/slow/first etc off the mark Salad crops, however, are quick off the mark. This time, they were slow off the mark. ► not up to the mark► the halfway mark During the night we passed Kingoonya, the half way mark. The Cohens were situated a little below the half way mark, just below the grand boulevard that cuts through the neighbourhood. ► bear the mark of something A large piece of whale blubber, bearing the marks of fleshing knives, has been discovered off west Falkland. None the less, nationalization still bore the mark of long struggles by the labour movement to further working class interests. Some of you have the look of lords, yet you bear the mark of hard travelling and your steeds are scarred. The imam still bore the mark of that experience in his gaunt frame and sallow, jaundiced complexion. ► on your mark(s), get set, go!► full/top marks for effort/trying/persistence etc You had to give Anthony top marks for persistence, she thought to herself. You had to give the woman full marks for persistence. PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► a black mark (against somebody) It is almost impossible to borrow money if you have any black marks against you. A mini-breakdown was less of a black mark than a criminal record if he should ever choose to emigrate. Incidentally, Willoughby, you've earned yourself a black mark for that little trouble. Irina had put a black mark against him with Rakovsky. It would be a good mark, not a black mark. The exam league tables have also been given a black mark by teaching unions. The outcome will be recorded but the finding does not constitute a black mark on the record of the officer involved. Why is not immediately obvious but sufficiently worrying to put a black mark against the program. You get a black mark next to your name that may show up in your next evaluation. ► somebody’s card is marked Your card is marked, Jimbo. ► find its mark/target But now their enmity found its target in the flesh. I doubt whether it could have found its target but the very shape of it in my hands was reassuring. It found its mark; one of the suitors fell dying to the floor. ► gas mark 4/5/6 etc Place pan in a preheated hot oven 200 °C gas mark 6. ► miss the mark All too often, national political coverage misses the mark. Although it contains a grain of truth, this theory rather radically misses the mark. As a welfare program, the minimum wage misses the mark because it worsens the status of the most disadvantaged youths. But the show missed the mark on other aspects of police work, the group said. In the electronic community, these efforts will either fall short or miss the mark entirely. In your recent coverage of Novell's letter of intent to purchase Unix System Laboratories you've really missed the mark. The movie itself simply misses the mark. The truth, however, is that most of the time it misses the mark. ► overstep the mark Helen shrugged; she felt mildly embarrassed, as if she had overstepped the mark. In either case an agent trying to influence Fontaine may have overstepped the mark. The preacher overstepped the mark when he called the Royal Mail to a halt on the moor near Bagshot. ► there is a question mark over something/a question mark hangs over something► slow off the mark Diesels are condemned by some for being too slow off the mark. This time, they were slow off the mark. ► telltale signs/marks etc Here are five telltale signs that the Ego is in command: 1. Then skim through your document for their telltale signs. Would we allow the police to search the sacred precincts of marital bedrooms for telltale signs of the use of contraceptives? ► wide of the mark Another is that the view of October as the product of a truly mass-revolutionary movement is not so wide of the mark. Few forecasts have been so wide of the mark. Housing committee chairman Bill Dixon said Coun Richmond was wide of the mark and each property would only cost £30,000. In answer to this, there are cases in which the notion of force feeding is very wide of the mark. Jean Powers was not so wide of the mark. No, Watson, that is well wide of the mark even for you. The report offers no explanation for our figures being wide of the mark. ► X marks the spot 1dirt a spot or dirty area on something that spoils its appearance:  I can’t get these marks out of my T-shirt. His feet left dirty marks all over the floor. The skid marks (=marks left by a car’s tyres) were over 30 feet long.2damaged area a cut, hole, or other small sign of damageburn/scratch/bite etc mark a burn mark on the kitchen table There were scratch marks all over the victim’s body.3coloured area a small area of darker or lighter colour on a plain surface such as a person’s skin or an animal’s fur:  The kitten is mainly white with black marks on her back. → birthmark4writing a shape or sign that is written or printed:  What do those strange marks at the top mean? Make a mark at the bottom of the page.5level/number a particular level, number, amount etcpass/reach/approach etc the ... mark The temperature is not expected to reach the 20 degree mark in the next few days. In 1976 unemployment in Britain passed the one million mark.6student’s work especially British English a letter or number given by a teacher to show how good a student’s work is SYN grade American Englishgood/high mark The highest mark was a B+. Her marks have been a lot lower this term. She always gets good marks.pass mark (=the mark you need in order to pass an exam) The pass mark was 75%.full/top marks (=the highest possible mark)7full/top marks for effort/trying/persistence etc British English spoken used to praise someone for trying hard to do something, even though they did not succeed:  I have to give you top marks for determination.8high/low mark approval or disapproval of something or of the way someone has done something:  Parents gave the kit high marks. his low marks as transportation chief9make/leave your mark to become successful or famous:  It took him only two games to make his mark.mark as He made his mark as a pianist in the 1920s.mark on/in He has left his mark on baseball history.10leave/make its mark on somebody/something to affect someone or something so that they change in a permanent or very noticeable way:  Singers like Franklin and Redding helped gospel music make its mark on popular culture. Growing up during the war had left its mark on her.11off the mark/wide of the mark not correct SYN  inaccurate:  Our cost estimate was way off the mark.12close to the mark correct:  His next guess was closer to the mark.13be a mark of something to show that someone or something is a particular thing, has a particular quality etc SYN  be a sign of something:  The ability to perform well under pressure is the mark of a true champion.14a mark of respect/honour/affection etc something that happens or is done to show respect, honour etcmark for The plaque awarded to Grant is a mark of recognition for his years of service. There was a two-minute silence as a mark of respect for the dead.► see thesaurus at sign15Mark 2/6 etc (also mark 2/6 etc) a) especially British English a particular type or model of a car, machine etc:  an old Mark 2 Ford Cortina b)a measurement used in Britain for the temperature of a gas oven:  Cook for 40 minutes at gas mark 6.16hit/miss the mark a)to hit or miss the thing that you were shooting at b)to succeed or fail to have the effect you wanted:  Although it contains a certain amount of truth, this theory ultimately misses the mark.17be quick/slow/first etc off the mark informal to be quick, slow, first etc to understand things or react to situations:  You’ll have to be quick off the mark if you want to find a job around here.18not up to the mark British English a)not good enough:  Her work just isn’t up to the mark. b)old-fashioned not well and healthy:  I’m not feeling quite up to the mark today.19the halfway mark the point in a race, journey, or event that is halfway between the start and the finish20bear the mark of something a)to show the physical signs of something which happened in the past:  His face bore the marks of many missions. b)if something bears the mark of something or someone, it has signs that show who or what made it or influenced it:  His speech bore all the marks of his military background.21on your mark(s), get set, go! spoken said in order to start a race22money the standard unit of money used in Germany before the EURO23signature old use a sign in the form of a cross, used by someone who is not able to write their name ► Do not use mark to mean ‘a product made by a particular company’. Use make or brand: an expensive make of camera | a well-known brand of toothpaste → exclamation mark, → overstep the mark at overstep(2), → punctuation mark, question mark, speech marksCOLLOCATIONS– Meanings 1 & 2verbsmake a mark· Her lipstick had made a mark on his collar.leave a mark (=make a mark)· The glass had left a mark on the table.remove a mark· The product removes greasy marks from clothes.a mark comes off/out· I can’t get this dirty mark to come out.a mark fades (=it gradually disappears)· His scratch marks have faded, but the memories never will.ADJECTIVES/NOUN + marka black mark· There were black marks all over the floor.a dirty mark· What’s that dirty mark on your coat?a greasy mark· It’s good for getting greasy marks off carpet.a tyre mark British English, a tire mark American English (=a mark left on the ground by a vehicle’s tyre)· The track was pretty soft and there were tyre marks.a skid mark (=a long tyre mark caused by a car that has lost control)· After the accident, two sets of skid marks were found.a scorch/burn mark (=a mark caused by burning)· There appeared to be scorch marks on the ceiling.a stretch mark (=a mark on your skin caused by stretching)· Most women get stretch marks when they have a baby.a bite mark (=a mark where something has bitten you)· Her arms were covered in itchy bite marks.a scratch mark· The chairs had made scratch marks on the floor.THESAURUSa dirty markmark a dirty area on something that spoils its appearance: · The bark of the tree had made black marks on her trousers.spot a small mark on something: · a grease spot on my shirtstain a mark that is difficult to remove, especially one made by a dark liquid: · a wine stain on the tablecloth· blood stainssmudge a mark that is made when something touches against a surface: · There was a smudge of lipstick on his cheek.· He had a smudge of chalk on his jacket.smear a mark that is made by a small amount of something spread across a surface: · The table had a smear of paint on the top.fingerprint (also fingermark British English) a mark on the surface of something that is made by someone’s fingers: · The glass was covered with greasy fingerprints.a mark on your skinblemish a mark on your skin that spoils its appearance: · John grew a beard to hide the blemishes on his chin.mole a small dark, sometimes raised, mark on your skin: · Some moles may become cancerous.· Helena found a mole on her arm which had definitely not been there before.freckles small light brown marks on your skin, especially on your face but also on your arms, shoulders etc: · She had a light sprinkling of freckles across her nose.birthmark a permanent mark on your skin that you have had since you were born: · There was a small birthmark on her left cheek.bruise a purple or brown mark on your skin that you get because you have fallen or been hit: · Her legs were covered in cuts and bruises.scar a permanent mark on your skin, caused by a cut or by something that burns you: · The injury left a small scar on his forehead.pimple/zit (also spot British English) a small raised red mark or lump on your skin, which usually appears when a child is between 12 and 18 years old: · When I was a teenager I had terrible spots.· The boy had a few pimples under his chin.wart a small hard raised mark on your skin caused by a virus: · His face was covered in hairy warts.blister a small area of skin that is swollen and full of liquid because it has been rubbed or burned: · There was a blister on his arm where the boiling milk had splashed him.rash an area of small red spots on your skin, caused by an illness or an allergy: · I can’t eat strawberries - they give me a rash.
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