单词 | regulation |
释义 | regulation1 nounregulation2 adjective regulationreg‧u‧la‧tion1 /ˌreɡjəˈleɪʃən/ ●●○ W3 AWL noun ExamplesEXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES Thesaurus
THESAURUS► rule Collocations an instruction that says what people are allowed to do or not allowed to do, for example in a game, school, or company: · the rules of baseball· He disobeyed the school rules. ► law an official rule that everyone in a country, city, or state must obey: · It is against the law to carry a concealed weapon.· The law requires motorcyclists to wear helmets. ► regulation an official rule or order, which is part of a set of rules made by a government or organization: · the regulations for applying for a passport· building regulations· environmental regulations on air pollution ► restriction an official rule that limits what people can do: · new restrictions on immigration· The government is planning to impose regulations on the amount of alcohol you can bring into the country. ► guidelines rules or instructions about the best way to do something: · the Department of Health’s guidelines for a healthy diet· guidelines for classroom teachers ► code a set of rules that people or organizations agree to obey but are not forced to obey: · The school has a dress code for its students.· the company’s code of conduct ► statute formal a law that has been officially approved by a parliament, council etc, and written down: · The statute banned corporal punishment. ► ordinance American English a law, made by a city or town, that forbids or restricts an activity: · A local ordinance limited speed in the parks to ten miles an hour. Longman Language Activatora rule► rule an instruction that says what people are allowed to do or not allowed to do, for example in a game, or in a school or organization: · No one's allowed to ride with the driver. That's a company rule.· It says in the rules that every child has to wear school uniform.against the rules (=not allowed by the rules): · It is strictly against the rules for athletes to take drugs.break a rule (=disobey it): · I have no sympathy for Jonson. He broke the rules and got caught, that's all.rules govern something (=say how something should be done): · There have been some changes in the rules governing the use of safety equipment.hard and fast rule (=a definite fixed rule): · These are just guidelines, not hard and fast rules. ► regulation an official rule made by a government or organization, which is part of a set of rules: · Under the new regulations, coach drivers must take a break every four hours.building/planning/environmental regulations: · The building regulations are very strict about the materials you can use.safety/fire regulations: · Safety regulations affecting dangerous fluids must be scrupulously observed.comply with/conform to a regulation (=be correct according to a regulation): · All cars sold in Germany must conform to the regulations laid down by the Federal Road Safety Board.contravene/breach a regulation formal (=do something that is forbidden by it): · Anyone who takes milk from an unhealthy cow will be contravening public health regulations. ► restriction an official rule that limits what people can do: restriction on: · There are restrictions on what you can bring into the country. Alcohol, for example, is totally forbidden.impose a restriction (=bring it into operation): · The restrictions imposed by the censors make objective reporting of news impossible.lift a restriction (=stop it from operating): · Congress voted to lift trade restrictions against Iran.travel/price/import restrictions (=rules that limit the amount that someone can travel, how much something can cost etc): · For a while they tried using price restrictions as a way of controlling inflation. ► law one of the rules that say how a sport should be played: · FIFA is the organization that runs world football and decides whether any of the laws should be changed.law of: · the laws of cricket ► code a set of rules that people or organizations agree to obey but are not forced to obey: code of: · He will be dealt with under our code of discipline.code of practice (=rules saying what a particular type of organization should or should not do): · A new code of practice governing the advertising of tobacco products is being introduced.code of conduct (=rules saying how members of a profession should behave): · Hobbs had blatantly ignored the legal profession's code of conduct.moral/religious code: · people who follow some strict religious code ► rules and regulations a set of rules - use this when you think the rules are too detailed or cause unnecessary inconvenience: · There were so many petty rules and regulations that some companies stopped trying to export their products. rules of acceptable behaviour► convention the rules and customs of acceptable behaviour, which are generally accepted by the members of a group or society: · He is a flamboyant millionaire who ignores social conventions.convention of: · She shocked her neighbours by ignoring every convention of respectable society.a matter of convention: · It is a matter of convention that male business people usually wear suits.defy convention (=do something unconventional): · For the next four years they defied convention by living as man and wife when they were not. ► protocol the system of rules for behaviour on official occasions: · According to protocol, he was to arrive at the meeting exactly five minutes early.breach of protocol (=behaviour not according to protocol): · Touching the Queen was a breach of royal protocol. ► etiquette the rules of polite behaviour in society or in a particular group: · Etiquette is especially important on occasions such as weddings and funerals.breach of etiquette (=behaviour not according to etiquette): · It was considered a breach of etiquette to refuse an invitation.professional etiquette (=the etiquette followed by people working in a particular profession): · Professional etiquette dictates that judges should not express their opinions about a case in public. ► unwritten law a rule or way of behaving that is not official but is accepted by most members of a society or group: · It was an unwritten law of the Mafia that nobody should talk to the police.· Jobs like this never go to women -- it just seems to be one of those unwritten laws of business. ► netiquette informal the commonly accepted rules for polite behaviour when you are communicating with other people on the Internet: · Sending an angry e-mail in capital letters breaks the rules of netiquette. WORD SETS► Governmentabsolutism, nounadministration, nounagency, nounagent, nounagent provocateur, nounalderman, nounally, nounassembly, nounautarchy, nounautocracy, nounautocrat, nounautonomous, adjectiveautonomy, nounban, nounbaron, nounbig government, nounbilateral, adjectivebody politic, nounbudget, nounbureau, nounbureaucracy, nouncabinet, nouncaliphate, nouncanton, nouncanvass, verbcapital, nouncapitalist, nounCapitol Hill, nounCBE, nouncede, verbcentral, adjectivecentral government, nouncentralism, nouncentralize, verbchancellery, nounchancery, nouncharter, nouncharter, verbchief, nounCIA, the, city hall, nouncity-state, nounclient state, nounCo., coalition, nouncold war, nouncolonial, adjectivecolonial, nouncolonialism, nouncolonize, verbcolony, nouncommissioner, nouncommune, nounconsort, nounconstitution, nounconstitutional, adjectiveconstitutionality, nounconvention, nouncoronation, nouncount, nouncounterintelligence, nouncountess, nouncounty, nouncounty council, noundecolonize, verbdemocracy, noundemocratic, adjectivedependency, noundespotism, noundétente, noundethrone, verbdevolution, noundictatorial, adjectivedictatorship, noundiplomacy, noundiplomatic immunity, noundirective, noundisinformation, noundispatch, noundispensation, noundissent, verbdistrict council, noundocumentation, nounDOD, dominion, nounDowning Street, noundynasty, nounearl, nounearldom, nounempire, nounEuro, adjectiveEurope, nounexecutive, nounexecutive privilege, nounfall, verbfall, nounfederalism, nounfeudal, adjectivefeudalism, nounfeudalistic, adjectivegazette, nounhead of state, nounhigh commission, nounimperial, adjectiveindependence, nounindependent, adjectiveinfrastructure, nouninstigate, verbinsurgent, nouninsurrection, nounintelligence, nouninternal, adjectivejunket, nounjunta, nounkingdom, nounkingship, nounkitchen cabinet, nounland office, nounland registry, nounlegation, nounlegislature, nounlicensed, adjectivelocal authority, nounlocal government, nounmaharajah, nounmaharani, nounmandate, nounmandated, adjectivemartial law, nounMBE, nounmeasure, nounmidterm, nounministry, nounminority government, nounmisrule, nounmonarchy, nounmonolith, nounmonolithic, adjectivemoratorium, nounmouthpiece, nounmove, verbmover, nounmunicipal, adjectivemunicipality, nounNASA, nounnational, adjectivenational debt, nounNational Health Service, the, nationalize, verbnational monument, nounnation state, nounNATO, nounneocolonialism, nounneutral, adjectiveneutral, nounneutralize, verbnon-aligned, adjectivenon-intervention, nounnon-proliferation, noun-ocracy, suffix-ocrat, suffixofficiate, verboligarchy, nounoperational, adjectiveoperative, nounoverthrow, verboverthrow, nounoverturn, verbpacify, verbpact, nounpalatinate, nounpardon, nounparish, nounpartition, nounpass, verbpeer, nounpeer, verbpeerage, nounpeeress, nounpermit, nounplenary, adjectiveplutocracy, nounpolice state, nounpolitburo, nounpolitical science, nounpolity, nounpork, nounpork barrel, nounportfolio, nounpossession, nounprecinct, nounprefecture, nounpremiership, nounpresidium, nounprotectorate, nounpublic, adjectivepublic service, nounquota, nounR, ratify, verbrealm, nounrecall, nounrecognition, nounrecognize, verbregency, nounregent, nounregime, nounregister, nounregulation, nounrelease, nounrepeal, verbrepresentative, nounrepressive, adjectiverepublic, nounrepublican, adjectiverescind, verbreunify, verbrevoke, verbrising, nounroyalist, nounruling, adjectivesanction, nounseat, nounsecret agent, nounsecurity service, nounself-governing, adjectiveself-rule, nounsheikh, nounshire, nounsocial democracy, nounsocialist, adjectivesocial service, nounsovereign, adjectivesovereignty, nounspin doctor, nounstaff, nounstate, nounstatehood, nounStatehouse, nounstate line, nounstate of emergency, nounstatewide, adjectivesubject, adjectivesubject, verbsultanate, nounsummit, nounsuperpower, nounsuppress, verbsupranational, adjectivesurgery, nounsuzerainty, nountechnocracy, nounterritory, nounthrone, nountopple, verbtotalitarian, adjectivetown planning, nountownship, nountransit visa, nountreaty, nountribalism, nountripartite, adjectivetrusteeship, nountsarism, nountyrant, nountzarism, noununconstitutional, adjectiveunification, noununify, verbunilateral, adjectiveunion, nounUnion Jack, nounvassal, nounVIP, nounviscount, nounviscountess, nounwelfare state, nounWhitehall, noun COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRYADJECTIVES/NOUN + regulations► strict/stringent/tough Word family· The regulations surrounding the handling of nuclear waste are very strict. ► safety regulations· Every railway has complex safety regulations. ► government/federal regulations· Small businessman are fed up with government regulations. ► building regulations (=relating to the structure of buildings)· The Building Regulations no longer specify minimum ceiling heights. ► environmental regulations· The Bill stipulated some of the toughest environmental regulations yet seen in the industrial world. ► planning regulations (=relating to what buildings can be built in an area)· The house must be demolished because it does not conform to planning regulations. ► hygiene regulations (=relating to keeping restaurants, hotel kitchens etc clean)· Hygiene regulations stipulate that the caterer must use suitable equipment. ► statutory regulations (=that are fixed or controlled by law)· All government bodies are bound by statutory regulations on, for instance, race and sex discrimination. verbs► comply with/meet/conform to regulations· Hotel kitchens must comply with these regulations. ► break regulations· The penalties for breaking the regulations were severe. ► make regulations· The Secretary of State can make safety regulations governing the making of goods. ► tighten regulations (=make them stricter)· The president is expected to announce new efforts to tighten gun-control regulations. ► relax regulations (=make them less strict)· He has voted in favor of relaxing environmental regulations. ► regulations apply to something· The regulations also apply to new buildings. ► regulations govern something (=apply to something)· There are regulations governing the safety of toys. ► regulations stipulate something (=state what must be done)· The hospital regulations stipulate minimum staffing levels. phrases► rules and regulations· We must reduce the number of rules and regulations. COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► enforce a rule/regulation· The rules are strictly enforced. ► maze of rules/regulations etc a maze of new laws ► relax rules/regulations/controls Hughes believes that immigration controls should not be relaxed. ► rules and regulations· The government keeps introducing more and more rules and regulations. ► safety regulations (=rules designed to make something safe)· She was sold an electric fire that broke all the safety regulations. ► strict rules/regulations/guidelines· There are strict rules and regulations regarding conduct. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► environmental· These orders, valid into the next century, carried few conditions when granted and would not meet current environmental regulations.· They are historic issues that developed at a time when environmental regulations did not exist.· For most industries, costs attributable to environmental regulations rarely exceed about 1.5 % of the total.· But whatever the actual cost of environmental regulation may be, it is large and commands attention.· Above all, the water companies may pass on to their customers any new costs caused by changes in environmental regulations.· The space agency and its contractor switched supplies to comply with environmental regulations.· The deregulatory approach under Gats also threatens universal access to public services, workers' rights, environmental regulations and public health. ► federal· The Emissions Trading Policy marks a new chapter in flexibility in administrating federal regulations.· Now our elected representatives are learning firsthand how petty and obnoxious federal regulation can be.· Under the federal regulations, five thousand cattle were to be bought in the whole state of Wyoming.· Then they turn around and holler against federal regulation in the marketplace.· Under federal deposit insurance regulations, Rapaport agreed to guarantee that the thrift met federal net worth requirements.· The administration and enforcement of federal laws and regulations necessarily are largely in the hands of staff and civil service employees.· The federal regulations said the Soil Conservation man had to approve the damsite.· Under the proposed federal regulation, Texas could not give beneficiaries more than two years to find a job. ► international· It could be described as the Fordist method of international political regulation.· Any effective international regulation of nuclear weapons is bound to entail troublesome incursions challenging prerogatives of national sovereignty.· This process involved the establishment of international laws and regulations covering prices, currency dealings and banking systems.· But the lack of international regulations is derided by many practitioners.· The second influence has been the expansion of international regulation into areas which were previously not regarded as within international competence.· An international agency could monitor compliance with international arms regulations, such as those banning the military use of chemicals and bacteria.· That the free market fails to do this and international regulations on corporations are necessary.· The best way in which to get agreement on those matters is through international agreement and international regulation. ► statutory· At present, the use of such systems is not covered by any statutory regulations.· They jointly chose to ignore their employer's orders and statutory safety regulations, by testing detonators without taking shelter.· But it is governed in some detail by statutory requirements, and so is undeniably a system of statutory regulation.· We know of no statutory regulations or taxpayer's rights.· Such an offence might range from a minor breach of a statutory regulation to a major crime.· Aims were defined, certain statutory regulations laid down and five officers elected for the first three-year term.· It is clear then, that there are flaws in relying upon solely statutory regulation or self-regulation to regulate insider abuse.· The business of pawnbrokers, which consists in lending money upon pledges of goods, is the subject of special statutory regulation. ► strict· Fears about geriatric jets falling apart or out of the skies and stricter noise regulations force airlines to order replacements.· He laid down a long series of strict rules and regulations regarding conduct.· He says we have strict rules and regulations and the flying safety committee make sure they're administered.· In response to heavy recreational use, the Forest Service issued strict new regulations a year ago.· It has been forced to reveal itself due to strict new regulations for healthier office environments and appears quite harmless!· This would be subject to strict regulation and only banks would have access to deposit insurance.· Do not be misled by thinking that this is either because of strict conformity or regulations laid down.· Existing Trees To comply with strict building regulations, a discreet garden shed was required. ► stringent· Until recently company law, with its relative freedom from stringent regulations, reflected this national belief.· The regulations of the states may be more stringent than federal regulations.· The state has some of the most stringent air quality regulations in the world.· Edward Heath's Conservative government adopted stringent regulations to restrict increases in wages.· In the latter year more stringent regulations reduced the flow, but has not ended it.· Some conversions that were done a long time ago would not pass today's stringent building regulations. NOUN► government· Here the tribunal is the decision-making instrument chosen by government for the implementation of some scheme of government regulation.· Many reasons have been advanced to justify government regulation each time a new medium has come along.· The price of competitive development was overbuilding, which in other countries had been controlled by government regulation.· Microeconomic systems of government regulations have to be harmonized.· Dertouzos called for government regulation to prevent the linking of databases containing personal information without certain safeguards.· Perhaps they will excel at struggling through the maze of government regulations and prosper in the concrete and paper jungles of commerce.· And he warned that if companies failed to address corporate accountability the market regulation it proposed could be replaced by Government regulation.· This can result from government regulation or from other natural barriers. ► planning· Cherwell Council is now trying to close the kennels under planning regulations.· Businessman John Foy and his wife Sally have been told the Pounds 250,000 house must go because it flouts planning regulations.· Businesses operate within such a framework; they must observe planning regulations and comply with employment legislation.· But the council says it's breaking planning regulations.· Tewkesbury Borough Council says it has a duty to uphold planning regulations.· Externally, walls can be of rendering, timber, brick, tile hung or stone - according to taste and planning regulations. ► safety· They jointly chose to ignore their employer's orders and statutory safety regulations, by testing detonators without taking shelter.· Under safety regulations, no jockey was allowed to ride in a race within one week of being concussed.· Sandhogs are murdered, both directly and because safety regulations have been abandoned in the tunnel.· Economists have long been calling for safety regulations to be subject to cost-benefit analysis.· Most of those surveyed also said gun manufacturers should be subjected to consumer safety regulations.· Thus they will displace those firms that finance the social security systems, and will undermine established safety regulations.· In the developed world we need to crack down hard on workplaces that break health and safety regulations. ► state· The proposed legislation appeared to mark a stronger move towards direct state regulation of sexuality.· Jody is not interested in hearing about loyalty or state regulations.· Unseemly, internecine brawls, however, will be more likely to result in some form of state regulation.· Objective: higher profits from minimal state regulation of the production and sale of drugs, except for regulation of quality.· Political pressure for these latter proposals came from the police themselves, who now formed a strong lobby for increased state regulation.· Accordingly, Congress simply lacks power under the Commerce Clause to displace state regulation of this kind.· Instead, agencies find they must tread a tricky path between the competing claims of state regulation and free enterprise.· And new state regulations restrict some of the most odious insurance practices. VERB► enforce· There were difficulties enforcing regulations at the Colombo slaughterhouse.· It is even harder to enforce the regulations.· The Government hopes it will help councils enforce hygiene regulations.· They contend that the commissioner is required by law to enforce the anti-redlining regulation, regardless of personal preference.· Shell argues that rather than introducing new requirements of dubious value, governments should enforce existing regulations to force sub-standard ships out of business.· It should have enforced its post-1986 regulations more effectively.· Every precaution will be taken to enforce regulations, traceability and labelling.· The work of regulatory agencies was also undermined by budget cuts and a concerted unwillingness to enforce existing regulations. ► impose· A requirement imposed by regulations shall not apply to any follower of the Sikh religion while he is wearing a turban.· The bureaucrats imposed rules and regulations on big business. ► introduce· By last year the crisis had reached such proportions that Southern California introduced radical new regulations to control air pollution.· We make no apology for introducing regulations designed to ensure a fair, healthy and secure society.· Already, in the past year, Lloyds has introduced regulations requiring actuarial certification in certain specific circumstances.· Governments should not interfere by introducing a host of regulations, investigatory bodies, or state-run enterprises.· Greenways will introduce revolutionary new traffic regulations, setting out what can be done, as opposed to what is prohibited.· The government has just introduced new regulations about the tread on car tyres.· Legislation will be introduced to reinforce the regulation of privatised utilities. ► relax· The turbo itself muffles the bike's noise enough to make it road-legal under relaxed U.S. noise regulations. ► require· Greater competition would require less regulation, but that will have to wait until after the election.· This principle alone required institutional arrangements, regulation and supervision.· And Britain, though liberal, accepts that markets require regulation.· That clearly requires regulations that are different from censorship.· Externalities requiring the regulation of safety and noise can be treated separately from competition policy.· What is sometimes not appreciated is that privatisation of provision and finance requires extra regulation. WORD FAMILYnounregulationregulatoradjectiveregulatoryverbregulate 1[countable] an official rule or order: There seem to be so many rules and regulations these days.regulation on new regulations on imports regulations governing the safety of toysbuilding/planning/fire/health regulations The local authority is introducing new planning regulations. All companies must comply with the regulations.under ... regulations Under the new regulations, all staff must have safety training.► see thesaurus at rule2[uncountable] control over something, especially by rulesregulation of the regulation of public spendingCOLLOCATIONSADJECTIVES/NOUN + regulationsstrict/stringent/tough· The regulations surrounding the handling of nuclear waste are very strict.safety regulations· Every railway has complex safety regulations.government/federal regulations· Small businessman are fed up with government regulations.building regulations (=relating to the structure of buildings)· The Building Regulations no longer specify minimum ceiling heights.environmental regulations· The Bill stipulated some of the toughest environmental regulations yet seen in the industrial world.planning regulations (=relating to what buildings can be built in an area)· The house must be demolished because it does not conform to planning regulations.hygiene regulations (=relating to keeping restaurants, hotel kitchens etc clean)· Hygiene regulations stipulate that the caterer must use suitable equipment.statutory regulations (=that are fixed or controlled by law)· All government bodies are bound by statutory regulations on, for instance, race and sex discrimination.verbscomply with/meet/conform to regulations· Hotel kitchens must comply with these regulations.break regulations· The penalties for breaking the regulations were severe.make regulations· The Secretary of State can make safety regulations governing the making of goods.tighten regulations (=make them stricter)· The president is expected to announce new efforts to tighten gun-control regulations.relax regulations (=make them less strict)· He has voted in favor of relaxing environmental regulations.regulations apply to something· The regulations also apply to new buildings.regulations govern something (=apply to something)· There are regulations governing the safety of toys.regulations stipulate something (=state what must be done)· The hospital regulations stipulate minimum staffing levels.phrasesrules and regulations· We must reduce the number of rules and regulations.regulation1 nounregulation2 adjective regulationregulation2 adjective [only before noun] ExamplesEXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES Collocations
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► enforce a rule/regulation used or worn because of official rules: The girls were all wearing regulation shoes.· The rules are strictly enforced. ► maze of rules/regulations etc a maze of new laws ► relax rules/regulations/controls Hughes believes that immigration controls should not be relaxed. ► rules and regulations· The government keeps introducing more and more rules and regulations. ► safety regulations (=rules designed to make something safe)· She was sold an electric fire that broke all the safety regulations. ► strict rules/regulations/guidelines· There are strict rules and regulations regarding conduct. |
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