英语词汇“reference”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

单词

reference

释义

reference¹ nounreference² verb

referenceref‧er‧ence1 /ˈrefərəns/ S2 W1 noun

EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES

a list of references at the end of the article
Ask a teacher to act as one of your references.
Did he make any reference to his forthcoming trial?
For the adoption, the Millers provided references and numerous other documents.
map reference SG49
One shelf was filled with reference works.
The poem contains references to places where the poet spent his childhood.
The Queen made no reference to the incident in her speech.

EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS

Also labels the components on your drawing as per your circuit diagram and retain for future reference.
But these fragments of stories about these characters really are references for me.
David Whitehouse has enough letters of character reference to paper Bermondsey warehouse and he seems anxious to read all of them.
It is equally correct and more useful in some instances to view supply from the reference point of quantity.
Sub-Committee E has wider terms of reference than the other sub-committees.
The thesaurus functions not only as a retrieval aid, but also as a reference facility.
We choose our frame of reference and attack something for not fitting it.
Where, for example, is there even a passing reference to the benefits of fair trade?

Longman Language Activatorwhen someone or something is mentioned► mention

when someone or something is mentioned - use this in the following phrases: there was no mention of something (=it was not mentioned): · There was no mention of a pay rise.make no mention of something (=not mention something): · Mr Franks made no mention of any changes at the top of the company.get a mention (=be mentioned): · The case even got a mention in some of the national newspapers.

► reference

when someone or something is mentioned, especially in a piece of formal writing, a speech, or an interview: reference to: · The poem contains references to places where the poet spent his childhood.make no/any reference to something (=not mention something, or mention something): · The Queen made no reference to the incident in her speech.· Did he make any reference to his forthcoming trial?

WORD SETS► Education

absenteeism, nounacademic, adjectiveacademy, nounadult education, nounalma mater, nounassessment, nounassessor, nounassignment, nounaudiovisual, adjectiveAV, binder, nounbiology, nounblackboard, nounbursary, nounbusiness studies, nounCAL, nounCALL, nouncareer counselor, nouncareers officer, nouncase study, nounCDT, nouncert., certificate, nouncertificated, adjectivechalkboard, nouncharm school, nounchemistry set, nouncivics, nounclass, nounclassicist, nounclassmate, nouncloze test, nouncoach, nouncoeducation, nouncollege, nouncollegiate, adjectivecommon room, nouncomprehension, nouncomprehensive, adjectivecomputer-literate, adjectivecomputer science, nouncontinuing education, nouncorrespondence course, nouncoursebook, nouncoursework, nouncrash course, nouncredit, nouncrib, verbcross, nouncurriculum, nounD, noundiploma, noundirect method, nounDirector of Studies, noundissect, verbdistance learning, noundistinction, noundo, verbdropout, noundyslexia, nounedify, verbedifying, adjectiveeducate, verbeducational, adjectiveeducationalist, nouneducator, nounEFL, nounELT, nounESL, nounESOL, nounESP, nounessay, nounevening class, nounexam, nounexamination, nounexamine, verbexercise, nounexercise book, nounexternal, adjectiveextracurricular, adjectiveF, fail, nounfellowship, nounfield, nounfield day, nounfield trip, nounfieldwork, nounflashcard, nounflip chart, nounflunk, verbfree period, nounfresher, nounfreshman, nounfurther education, nounglobe, noungoverness, noungrade, verbgraded, adjectivegrade point average, noungrind, nounheuristic, adjectivehistory, nounimmersion, nounineducable, adjectiveinfirmary, nounintake, nounintelligence quotient, nouninterdisciplinary, adjectiveintroductory, adjectiveinvigilate, verbIQ, nounjanitor, nounlearning curve, nounlesson, nounletter, nounletter, verbliberal arts, nounlibrarian, nounlibrary, nounlife science, nounmainstream, adjectivemasterclass, nounmatron, nounmedia studies, nounmnemonic, nounmoderate, verbmoderator, nounmodular, adjectivemodule, nounmultiple choice, adjectivenight school, nounnumerate, adjectiveopen house, nounoral, nounoverqualified, adjectivepapier mâché, nounpass, verbpass, nounpastoral, adjectivepedagogical, adjectivepedagogue, nounpedagogy, nounphonics, nounphrasebook, nounphysical education, nounpicture book, nounplacement, nounplaytime, nounpoli sci, nounpolitical science, nounpolitics, nounprincipal, nounprize day, nounproblem, nounproctor, nounprogrammed learning, nounprotégé, nounquad, nounqualification, nounqualify, verbquick, adjectiverector, nounre-educate, verbrefectory, nounreference, nounreference library, nounrequirement, nounresearch, nounresearch, verbresit, verbresource, nounresult, nounresume, nounretake, verbretake, nounreunion, nounreview, verbrevise, verbrevision, nounrole-play, nounrote, nounscholar, nounscholarship, nounscholastic, adjectiveschool, nounscience, nounscript, nounself-taught, adjectiveset, verbspeciality, nounspelling bee, nounstandard, adjectivestate school, nounstudent body, nounstudent government, nounstudent loan, nounstudent teaching, nounstudent union, nounstudy, verbstudy hall, nounsub, nounsummer holidays, nounsummer vacation, nounsuperintendent, nounteacher, nounteaching, nountechie, nounterm, nounterm paper, nounTESL, nounTESOL, nountext, nountextbook, nountick, nountick, verbtimetable, nountimetable, verbtranscript, nountrimester, nountruancy, nountuition, nountutor, nountutor, verbunderclassman, noununit, noununseen, nounvisual aid, nounvocational, adjectivewhiteboard, nounworkbook, nounworksheet, nounX, nounyearbook, noun

COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRYverbs► make reference to something

· Official reports made no reference to the incident.

phrases► there is a reference to something

· There are 32 references to eagles in the Bible.

adjectives► a specific/direct/explicit reference

(=mentioning something specifically/directly etc)· No specific reference was made to the race of the children.

► an oblique reference

(=not direct)· He added, in an oblique reference to the US, that ‘some countries could do more’.

► a brief reference

· Brief references to the tragedy have appeared in the French press.

► a passing reference

(=one that you make while you are talking about something else)· He made only a passing reference to his injury.

► frequent/constant/repeated references

· Medieval literature contains frequent references to insanity.

► an occasional reference

· During the interview, he made only occasional references to his forthcoming autobiography.

COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► biblical story/text/reference

the biblical story of Noah

► frame of reference

Some comments may or may not be understood as harassment, depending on your frame of reference (=knowledge and beliefs that influence the way you think).

► grid reference

The pilots were just given a grid reference (=number referring to a point on a map) of the target.

► a reference library

(=one that does not lend books, so that you must read them there)· The reference library contains a collection of documents relating to slavery.

► instruction/training/reference etc manual

Consult the computer manual if you have a problem.

► oblique reference

an oblique reference to his drinking problem

COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► direct

· The boys make far fewer direct references to their own responses.· What we are saying now, however, has direct reference to his views, as the reader will realize later.· He made no direct reference to the disturbances in April against the government's economic policies.· Few discussions about politics can occur without direct or indirect reference to power.· However, there was no direct reference to the state of their marriage in the statement.· These sayings have direct reference to the existence of scale and levels of being both in man and in the Cosmos.· Sometimes the relationship may be direct but the reference deleted.· In this book only occasional direct reference has been made to the results of numerical modelling.

► easy

· Appendix 1 lists all the statutory instruments made under the Act for easy reference.· We might like to keep this leaflet with your statements for easy reference.· Other, generally applicable subdivisions, are shown in a separate list for easy reference.· Don't miss our handy Gardener's Year binder, designed to store your monthly cut-out-and-keep guide, for easy reference.· Broken down into sections for easy replay and reference this video will guide you through every stage of your pregnancy.

► frequent

· In doing so I will be making frequent reference to the empirical research findings of criminologists working mostly in the positivist tradition.· There are frequent references in her notes to such visits.· There are frequent references in his diary to air-raids, sometimes two or three in the same day.· Video showing rapid and intensive change, for example, will need frequent reference frames to maintain an intelligible motion sequence.· Despite frequent references in the press to the number of Party functionaries in leading posts at the Front, such criticisms persisted.· One area of television where frequent reference has been made to homosexuality is in the arts programmes.

► future

· Any future reference to this Product must be made by either the existing Product identifier or this new title.· She lodged this idea in the back of her mind for future reference.· I am simply seeking clarification of the regulations for future reference.· For your future reference, the committee has decided to hold this meeting on the last Monday of April of each year.· If so, please take note of it for future reference.· Free food For future reference, publishers who are looking for big orders at the fair might try serving free food.· Thumbnails the first ideas or sketches of a designer noted down for future reference.· By using test-kits and keeping a record of the readings obtained you also build-up and invaluable data bank for future reference.

► quick

· It makes sense to keep such information on file for quick reference.· The media, ever vulnerable to a quick reference that seems remotely objective, loves to publicize the latest ratings game.· Windows Radio Toolbar, which puts a host of Net radio stations on your toolbar for quick reference.· A list of macro names and the text that they include can be used for quick reference.· The entering of symbols, with the help of a quick reference card, poses few problems.· The sound programmers quick reference is an essential addition to your technical library.· To provide quick reference for the file designer the data in Table 6.5 has been plotted in Fig. 6.11.· There are marginal comments and addresses for quick reference.

NOUN► book

· A small collection of reference books is a most valuable asset on any farm.· In the meantime, publishers continue to publish, between two covers, all sorts of reference books.· There is no E. Serafin in the reference books.· According to his reference books, over 11, 000 were delivered to the armed forces by 1949.· Make yourself a present of Silences and keep it by you as a reference book.· Perhaps if the rest of the writing had had the same approach we would have a worthy materials reference book.· And they are useful reference books.

► grid

· Car park is 1/4 mile up, on left. Grid reference 229889.· Look out for the grid reference which appears in each accommodation entry.· The Ordnance Survey grid references relate to the maps, with the grid lines 1 kilometre apart.

► library

· Adobe have worked with Pantone to provide over 700 colour shades and combinations that are provided in a reference library on disk.· Beyond this, the local studies collection in the public reference library will be a source of essential information.· Attention has also been paid to the importance of collections maintained in museums, reference libraries, universities, and by corporations.· Public reference libraries keep information on the larger companies.· Go to the reference library and look up the electoral register for the last ten years or so.· Use of extensive lending and reference library, provision of reading lists, etc.· There will also be a reference library of gas-related books.· She said that this pioneering reference library was good for democracy and good for citizenship.

► map

· He says that if the ambulancemen had a map reference they might have found him sooner.· Anywhere in the country can be given a map reference.

► material

· Finally, users of reference materials described will enjoy learning about the reference material's analytical history.· Your reference materials should be sorted out and grouped together around each subheading within the proposal outline.· Finally, users of reference materials described will enjoy learning about the reference material's analytical history.· They became permanent and readily accessible reference material in the painters' studios.· Excellent source of reference material on a large range of topics, with good quality graphics and sound.· These illustrations then acted as reference material for large oil paintings which were shown in galleries.· A single, but important, article discussing the quality systems needed for production of reference materials represents quality assurance.· Research papers from Daresbury have not been quoted by other physicists as important reference material.

► number

· National grid field reference numbers must be used and areas stated in hectares, not in acres.· When we take your details, your complaint will get a unique reference number.· Parts lists including description reference numbers and sometimes drawings are necessary if the user is expected to deal with his own replacements.· Please always quote the reference number shown on your confirmation account, and the departure date.· A reference number given to every published work.· Simply supply a sample of the colour or BS/RAL reference number and we do the rest.· The Changes Log is described at Section 6 assign a change reference number to the change request.· For this purpose, a company may be identified by stating its tax district and reference number or its company registration number.

► point

· This was done by using the pylorus and the anatomical antrum-corpus boundary as reference points.· It is equally correct and sometimes more useful to view demand from the reference point of quantity.· Both PageMaker and Ventura select arbitrary reference points for their on-screen rulers, the top left-hand corner of the page.· They establish reference points and reference lines.· But he remained a constant reference point among those concerned about the course the nation was taking.· This team has a reference point.· Align to line up typeset or other graphic material as specified, using a base or vertical line as the reference point.· Without precise reference points and instruments, I could not time the moonrise to the exact minute.

PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► reference point

Fitzgerald's case will be the reference point for lawyers in tomorrow's trial.
The time he spent in prison serves as a point of reference for Bowden - the lessons are worth remembering.
Align to line up typeset or other graphic material as specified, using a base or vertical line as the reference point.
But he remained a constant reference point among those concerned about the course the nation was taking.
I concentrated on the reference points and on keeping one or two rotor diameters away from the other ship.
It is equally correct and sometimes more useful to view demand from the reference point of quantity.
It was a reference point without which the tragedy could not be expressed.
They establish reference points and reference lines.
This team has a reference point.
We are left with a play on signs which has no ultimate reference point other than the commodity.

► in/with reference to something

With reference to our agents, we have complete confidence in their honesty.
But not all implications are valid in reference to pedagogy.
From now on the capital G would always be used in reference to them.
I had to rediscover and assert my Jamaicanness but qualify it with references to my London upbringing.
It is precisely in reference to such functions that the issue of royal control arises.
It requires learners to provide a word to fill a blank in reference to a picture.
Joyce's tale, shot through with references to singers and composers, also features traditional songs.
The search engine just took your three words and assumed you were looking for sites with references to any of them.
This leads to a final question that we ought to ask in reference to the three-part teaching force I have proposed.

PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► for future reference

Microfilm copies will be kept for future reference.
Also labels the components on your drawing as per your circuit diagram and retain for future reference.
By using test-kits and keeping a record of the readings obtained you also build-up and invaluable data bank for future reference.
Commodore G. Paul, plans of the drainage under the green had been made for future reference.
I am simply seeking clarification of the regulations for future reference.
If so, please take note of it for future reference.
She lodged this idea in the back of her mind for future reference.
This visit is only to get a look inside, to stake out the room for future reference.
Thumbnails the first ideas or sketches of a designer noted down for future reference.

► a glancing reference/mention► terms of reference

Both sides have to agree on the terms of reference before there can be a trade deal.
Although it has no formal terms of reference, its discussions principally concern grants and expenditure levels.
As a result, the terms of reference will be sold beginning at an undetermined date no later than April 1.
By the end of the seventeenth century, in Newton's science, the terms of reference had changed.
Even within its own terms of reference, the positivist approach has problems.
The terms of reference for the phone concessions were to go on sale Monday.
The matter will be governed by the terms of reference and the procedure established, together with any code of conduct adopted.
Those terms of reference seem to suit the Secretary of State down to the ground.
Thus, terms of reference for the study will be established, and the scope and extent of the investigation defined.

WORD FAMILYnounrefereereferencereferralverbreferrefereereferenceadjectivereferable

1[countable, uncountable] part of something you say or write in which you mention a person or thingreference to

There is no direct reference to her own childhood in the novel.

The article made no reference to previous research on the subject.

The governor made only a passing reference to the problem of unemployment (=he mentioned it quickly).2[uncountable] the act of looking at something for informationfor easy/quick reference

A vocabulary index is included for easy reference.

Keep their price list on file for future reference (=so that it can be looked at in the future).

The book will become a standard work of reference (=a book that people look at for information).3reference point (also point/frame of reference) a)an idea, fact, event etc that you already know, which helps you understand or make a judgment about another situation:

Lee’s case will be the reference point for lawyers in tomorrow’s trial.

She used her work experience as a frame of reference for her teaching. b)something that you can see that helps you to know where you are when you are travelling in an area4in/with reference to something formal used to say what you are writing or talking about, especially in business letters:

I am writing to you in reference to the job opening in your department.5[countable] a) (also letter of reference) a letter containing information about you that is written by someone who knows you well, and is usually intended for a new employer:

We will need references from your former employers. b)a person who provides information about your character and abilities SYN referee:

Ask your teacher to act as one of your references.6[countable] a book, article etc from which information has been obtained:

a comprehensive list of references7[countable] a number that tells you where you can find the information you want in a book, on a map etc:

a list of towns, each with a map reference → cross-reference, → terms of reference at term1(11)COLLOCATIONSverbsmake reference to something· Official reports made no reference to the incident.phrasesthere is a reference to something· There are 32 references to eagles in the Bible.adjectivesa specific/direct/explicit reference (=mentioning something specifically/directly etc)· No specific reference was made to the race of the children.an oblique reference (=not direct)· He added, in an oblique reference to the US, that ‘some countries could do more’.a brief reference· Brief references to the tragedy have appeared in the French press.a passing reference (=one that you make while you are talking about something else)· He made only a passing reference to his injury.frequent/constant/repeated references· Medieval literature contains frequent references to insanity.an occasional reference· During the interview, he made only occasional references to his forthcoming autobiography.