英语词汇“judicial”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

WORD ORIGINjudicial

Origin:

1300-1400 Latin judicialis, from judicium ‘judgment’, from judex; ➔ JUDGE1

EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS

Given the context, a reasonable person could only conclude that the threat of judicial power was plainly implied.
However, the better judicial and quasi-judicial appointments generally go to barristers.
In Court their barrister Ian Glen asked for a judicial review.
The applicant then applied to the High Court for judicial review of these decisions.
There is no right of appeal against the Commissioners decision, but the possibility of judicial review is available.
Those classifications would be free from exacting judicial scrutiny.
Woolwich challenged by judicial review the validity of the particular regulations which had this effect.

WORD SETS► Law

access, nounacquit, verbacquittal, nounactionable, adjectiveact of God, nounadjourn, verbadminister, verbadmissible, adjectiveADR, nounadversarial, adjectiveadvocate, nounaffidavit, nounage, nounaggrieved, adjectiveagreement, nounannual return, anti-dumping, adjectiveantitrust, adjectiveAppeal Court, nounappear, verbappellate court, nounarraign, verbarticled clerk, articles of association, nounassignee, nounassizes, nounattachment, nounattest, verbattorney, nounattorney-at-law, nounattorney general, nounaverage clause, bailable, adjectivebailee, nounbailiff, nounbailment, nounban, nounbarrister, nounbeneficial owner, beneficiary, nounbequeath, verbbequest, nounbest efforts, adjectivebid-rigging, nounbill, nounbill of rights, nounblue law, nounbody corporate, bond, nounbook, verbbox, nounbreakdown clause, break fee, brief, nounbroker's lien, burden of proof, nounbusiness entity, buyer's risk, bylaw, nouncabotage, nouncadastre, nouncase, nouncase law, nouncash shell, nouncause, nouncause célèbre, nouncause of action, nouncaution, nouncaution, verbcertificate of incorporation, nouncertificate of protest, nouncertificate of search, nounchain of title, nounchallenge, nounchallenge, verbchancery, nounChapter 7, nouncharge, nouncharge, verbcharges register, chief justice, nouncircuit court, nouncite, verbcitizen's arrest, nouncivil, adjectivecivil law, nounclaim, nounclaimant, nounclass action, nounclause, nounclean, adjectivecloud on title, nouncollusion, nouncommerce clause, committal, nouncommon law, nouncommunity property, nounCommunity Reinvestment Act, nouncommutation, nounCompanies House, nouncompanies registry, company limited by guarantee, nouncompany limited by shares, nouncompany officer, competence, nouncompetent, adjectivecomplainant, nouncompletion, nouncompletion date, compliance officer, compulsory purchase, nounconditional discharge, nouncondition precedent, nouncondition subsequent, nounconduct money, confidentiality clause, confirmation hearing, conflict of laws, nounconjugal, adjectiveconsensus ad idem, nounconsent decree, consenting adult, nounconservator, nounconstituted, adjectiveconstitution, nounconstitutional, adjectiveconstitutionality, nouncontempt, nouncontest, verbcontingency fee, contract of insurance, nouncontract of purchase, nouncontract of service, nouncontravene, verbcontravention, nouncontributory negligence, nounconvey, verbconveyance, nounconveyancing, nounconvict, verbconviction, nouncopyright, nounco-respondent, nouncosignatory, nouncounsel, nouncounty court, nouncourthouse, nouncourt-martial, nouncourt-martial, verbCourt of Appeal, nounCourt of Appeals, nouncourt of inquiry, nouncourt of law, nounCourt of Queen's Bench, nouncourt order, nouncourt reporter, nouncourtroom, nouncramdown, nouncriminal, adjectivecriminal injury, criminalize, verbcriminal law, nouncross-examine, verbCrown Court, nouncurfew, nouncustodial, adjectiveD.A., noundata protection, death sentence, noundeath warrant, noundeclaration of association, noundecree, noundecree absolute, noundecree nisi, noundecriminalize, verbdeed, noundeed of conveyance, noundefalcation, noundefend, verbdefendant, noundeficiency judgment, noundeficiency judgment, de jure, adjectivedeposition, noundeputy, nounderivative lease, desertion, noundiminished responsibility, noundiplomatic immunity, noundirectors register, disabled quota, disbar, verbdischarge of contract, noundisclaim, verbdisclaimer, noundiscretionary, adjectivedisinherit, verbdismiss, verbdispense, verbdisposition, noundispossess, verbdissent, noundissolution, noundistrain, verbdistrict attorney, noundistrict court, noundivorce, noundivorce, verbdivorced, adjectivedocket, noundonee, noundouble jeopardy, noundraftsman, noundrink-driving, noundrunk driving, noundue process, nounduress, nouneasement, nounedict, nouneffective, adjectiveeminent domain, nounempower, verbenabling, adjectiveenabling clause, enact, verbendowment, nounenforced, adjectiveenjoin, verbescape clause, escrow, nounescrow agent, estate, nounestoppel, nounevidence, nounexamination, nounexamination-in-chief, nounexamine, verbexculpate, verbexecute, verbexecutor, nounexecutrix, nounexhibit, nounexpectations, nounex post facto law, nounexpropriate, verbextradite, verbextrajudicial, adjectivefair dealing, false representation, nounfee absolute, nounfiduciary, nounfiduciary, adjectivefinding, nounfirm name, nounfixtures and fittings, nounforce majeure, nounforeman, nounforewoman, nounfreeholder, nounfree pardon, nounfrustration of contract, fugitive, nounfugitive, adjectivegagging order, gag order, noungarnishee, verbgarnishee, noungeneral counsel, noungeneral practice, noungive, verbgrand jury, noungrantee, noungrantor, noungreen paper, noungross misconduct, ground rent, nounguarantee, verbguarantor, nounguaranty, nounguillotine, verbguilt, noungun control, nounhabeas corpus, nounHague Rules, nounhear, verbhearing, nounheir, nounheir apparent, nounhereafter, adverbhereditament, nounhereinafter, adverbhereof, adverbhereto, adverbheritable, adjectiveHigh Court, nounHighway Code, nounhirer, nounhuman right, nounimplied term, inadmissible, adjectiveinalienable, adjectiveincriminate, verbindemnify, verbindemnity, nounindict, verbindictable, adjectiveindictment, nounindustrial tribunal, nouninitiative, nouninjunction, nounin loco parentis, adverbinnocence, nouninnocent, adjectiveinoperative, adjectiveinquest, nouninsanity, nouninstruct, verbintellectual property, nounintent, nouninterdict, nouninterlocutory injunction, invoke, verbJane Doe, nounjob quota, joint and several liability, JP, nounjudge, nounjudge, verbjudicial, adjectivejuridical, adjectivejurisdiction, nounjurisprudence, nounjurist, nounjuror, nounjury, nounjury box, nounjury service, nounjustice, nounJustice of the Peace, nounjustifiable homicide, nounjuvenile, adjectivekangaroo court, nounKing's Counsel, nounlaw firm, nounlawyer, nounlease, nounleasehold, adjectiveleaseholder, nounlegatee, nounlegator, nounlessee, nounlessor, nounletters of administration, nounliable, adjectivelicensee, nounlien, nounlienee, nounlienor, nounlimited liability, nounliquidated damages, litigant, nounlitigate, verblitigation, nounlitigator, nounlitigious, adjectiveliving will, nounloophole, nounmagisterial, adjectivemagistracy, nounmagistrate, nounMagistrates' Court, nounmaintenance, nounmajority, nounmalfeasance, nounmalpractice, nounmarriage certificate, nounmarriage licence, nounmarriage lines, nounmaterial, adjectivematerial fact, nounmemorandum, nounmiscarriage of justice, nounmisdirect, verbmisfeasance, nounmisstatement, nounmistrial, nounM'lord, nounM'lud, nounmoiety, nounmonies, nounmoot court, nounmoratorium, nounmovable, nounno-fault, adjectivenolo contendere, nounnonfeasance, nounnon-negotiable, adjectivenotary, nounnuisance, nounnullify, verbnullity, nounoath, nounopen-and-shut case, nounopen verdict, nounoperative mistake, nounordinance, nounoriginating application, originating summons, outlaw, nounout-of-court settlement, nounoyez, interjectionpalimony, nounpanel, nounparalegal, nounpardon, verbpardon, nounparty, nounpass, verbpassage, nounpatent, nounpatent, adjectivepaternity, nounpaternity suit, nounpatrimony, nounpenal code, nounpenalty, nounperformance contract, perjury, nounpersonal injury, personal representative, personalty, nounpetition, nounpetition, verbpetitioner, nounplaintiff, nounplanning permission, nounplea bargaining, nounpleadings, nounpledgee, nounpolice, verbpositive discrimination, nounpower of attorney, nounprecedent, nounprejudice, verbpreservation order, nounpresume, verbprice-fixing, nounprima facie, adjectiveprimary residence, prime tenant, primogeniture, nounprivate law, nounprivileged, adjectiveprivity, nounprobate, nounprobate, verbprobation, nounprobationer, nounprobation officer, nounpro bono, adjectiveprocedural, adjectiveproceeding, nounproceedings, nounprohibit, verbprohibition, nounprohibitive, adjectivepromulgate, verbpronounce, verbproposition, nounproscribe, verbprosecute, verbprosecution, nounprosecutor, nounprotective custody, nounprove, verbprovision, nounprovisional licence, nounproximate cause, nounpublic defender, nounpublic prosecutor, nounpublic service vehicle, punishable, adjectiveQC, nounquarter sessions, nounquash, verbQueen's Counsel, nounreal property, nounrecess, nounrecess, verbrecognition, nounrecognizance, nounrecorder, nounreeve, nounregulation, nounremand, verbremand, nounrepeal, verbrescind, verbrespondent, nounrestoration, nounrestore, verbretainer, nounretrial, nounretroactive, adjectiveretrospective, adjectiveretry, verbreversion, nounrevocation, nounrevoke, verbRex, nounright of appeal, nounroad tax, nounroot of title, royalty payment, rule, verbruling, nounsaid, adjectivesalami slicing, nounSarbanes-Oxley Act, nounscheme of arrangement, nounsentence, nounsentence, verbsequester, verbsession, nounsettlement date, settlement terms, shall, modal verbshell company, sheriff, nounsheriff court, nounshow trial, nounsitting tenant, nounsmall claims court, nounsolicitor, nounsolicitor general, nounSOX, nounspecial licence, nounspecific performance, speed limit, nounstakeholder, nounstate attorney, nounstate court, nounstated case, statute, nounstatute law, nounstatute of limitations, nounstatutory, adjectivestatutory report, stay, nounstay of execution, nounstipendiary magistrate, nounstoppage in transit, nounsub judice, adverbsubmission, nounsuborn, verbsubpoena, nounsubpoena, verbsue, verbsuit, nounsumming up, nounsumming-up, nounsummons, nounsummons, verbSupreme Court, nounsurety, nounsuspended sentence, nounswear, verbtechnicality, nountenant at sufferance, nountenant at will, nountenant for years, nountenant in common, nountenure, nountestament, nountestator, nountest case, nountest certificate, nountestify, verbtestimony, nounthereinafter, adverbthird party, nounthrough, prepositionticket, nounticket, verbtitle, nountitle deed, nountitle holder, nountort, nountradename, nounTrading Standards, treasure trove, nountrespass, verbtrespass, nountrial, nountrust for sale, nounultra vires, adjectiveunderwriting power, undue influence, noununlicensed, adjectiveuphold, verbverdict, nounvindicate, verbvisa, nounvoucher, nounward, nounwarrant, nounwhereas, conjunctionwill, nounwill, verbwinding up, nounwitness, nounwitness, verbwitness box, nounwrit, nounwrongful termination,

COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► the executive/judicial/legislative branch

(=the three main parts of the US government)

► a judicial inquiry

(=one involving a judge)· Calls for a judicial inquiry into the affair are growing louder.

► judicial review

(=examination by a judge)· The case is likely to go to judicial review.

► judicial scrutiny

(=by judges)· The new legislation will be the subject of close judicial scrutiny.

COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSNOUN► appointee

· On Saturday, Dole piled on, using Napolitano to blast Clinton judicial appointees as soft on crime.

► authority

· Convictions could be appealed, not to any judicial authority, but to the government agent and then the Governor.· Executive, legislative, and judicial authority flowed from him and there were no legal limitations to his power.· They subscribe to it not for reasons of caprice, but because eminent judicial authority has reiterated the notion over the years.· A remarkable feature of this decision of the House of Lords was that it was based on almost no judicial authority at all.· It will be hard for the judicial authorities to establish a relationship of cause and effect.

► branch

· Congress has gone back into session and most of the judicial branch of government began its annual one-month vacation.

► control

· It concerns the whole matter of judicial control over ministerial discretion.· Contests over children's entrance into and exit from the care of the state are moving from administrative to judicial control.· This choice allows us to accord primacy to the authority's interpretation, while still preserving judicial control.· Because their legal status and powers are confused, judicial control of their activities lacks coherence.

► decision

· The above discussion has concentrated upon the distinction drawn between administrative and judicial decisions.· A summary of different approaches to jurisprudence and judicial decision making among developed countries.· The court's monthly stop-offs are a reminder that judicial decisions must be obeyed.· In the case of West Virginia, the situation was practically identical, but the judicial decision was different.· Even the provisions of the formal document, the United States Constitution, may be amended by judicial decisions and custom usage.· Provisions of the Constitution are developed and molded by judicial decisions.· It is against the background of this offensive that the judicial decisions of 1896-1901 must seen.· Recent judicial decisions have thrown doubt upon this point, as indicated in the following hypothetical discussion.

► discretion

· How far judicial discretion on sentencing should be directed by Government policy is problematic.· Since each matrimonial property or custody dispute is to be decided according to judicial discretion the result is that litigation abounds.· A judicial discretion is the essence of real justice.· The rent awarded by the court under s24A may be considerably tempered by judicial discretion.

► function

· In the absence of any clear division between administrative and judicial functions, even the humblest official enjoyed arbitrary power.· They wore scarlet and gold uniforms and the shining, close-fitting plastic caps that were the sign of their judicial function.· The cardinals joined in all the rapidly growing administrative and judicial functions of the papal court.· The judicial function is that of interpretation; it does not include the power of amendment under the guise of interpretation.· Expressing misgivings about tactics-almost invariably conducted as part of undercover police operations-is not a judicial function.· Robson recognized that, throughout history, courts have performed administrative functions and administrative bodies have undertaken judicial functions.· Government ministers have legislative, executive and judicial functions.· Each of the Houses discharges a quasi judicial function in relation to the regulation of its own affairs.

► independence

· The cornerstone of that ideology is the doctrine of judicial independence, to which we now turn.· The constitutional reforms of July 1994 may foster greater judicial independence.· After discreet soundings, they prudently abandoned the idea, which would have involved a major encroachment upon judicial independence.

► inquiry

· Calls from every side for a full judicial inquiry into the whole affair grew louder.· A judicial inquiry was ordered, but witnesses were threatened by the police and none would testify.· Pretoria refuses demands for judicial inquiry into assassination squads De Klerk reformist image suffers as cover-up feared.· Calls for a judicial inquiry are right.· In response to Sikh accusations V. P. Singh agreed to the holding of a judicial inquiry into his death.· Opposition parties reacted indignantly to Mr De Klerk's overnight announcement that he would not set up a judicial inquiry.· He agreed that the aim should be a judicial inquiry.

► interpretation

· We are not without judicial interpretation, therefore, both state and national, of the meaning of this clause.· His uncompromising attitude is that our revered document is static and not subject to evolution or judicial interpretation.

► intervention

· The rationale for judicial intervention on the Y level is more indirect.· The basis for judicial intervention becomes clear and worrisome problems of jurisdictional versus non jurisdictional errors of law are left behind.· As we shall see, judicial intervention was not noticeably restrained at this time in other political cockpits.

► investigation

· A judicial investigation into his case ordered the arrest of a member of the national police.· A judicial investigation implicated three members of the Caldas Battalion of the army.· They remained under judicial investigation in connection with misuse of state funds.

► office

· Taxation is an occasion when some one in judicial office will see your file and this will be a reflection on your firm.· Other peers who hold or have held high judicial office may sit but rarely do so.· The pope's household was fast developing into defined administrative and judicial offices.· Can he be dismissed from his judicial office, and if so by whom?· Those nominated by the President to high executive and judicial office must be accepted by the Senate.

► officer

· A special cadre of judicial officers, the taxing masters, has been established to carry out this process.

► power

· The second section of the third article of the constitution defines the extent of the judicial power of the United States.· The pope's court had from very early times exercised judicial powers of extreme significance.· One abuse that was prevalent during the Confederation was the exercise of judicial power by the state legislatures.· Sovereignty is exercised by the Pope, who has absolute legislative, executive and judicial power.· He is charged with no duty at all related to either the legislative or judicial power.· After the rebellion of 1817 - 18 the judicial powers of headmen were limited to trying petty cases.· Given the context, a reasonable person could only conclude that the threat of judicial power was plainly implied.

► procedure

· Government during this period sought to clarify the law and simplify judicial procedure.· Sinhalese law was unwritten, and there was great flexibility both in its application and in judicial procedure.

► proceeding

· It had, for example, appeared in previous judicial proceedings.· In 1925 forty-five Chicago judges voted to prohibit cameras in state courtrooms during judicial proceedings.

► process

· Officials sought to simplify the judicial process and clarify the criminal law.· In other words, the judicial process has never been indifferent to technological progress.· The essential feature of the judicial process which makes it unsuitable to deal with polycentric problems is its bipolar and adversary nature.· But legal analysts caution that the judicial process could take years and that its outcome is difficult to predict.· Some prisoners who would not normally have received the death sentence may have fallen victim to political interference in the judicial process.· The decision concluded a judicial process that had been initiated on the petition of the Interior Minister, Maj.-Gen.

► reform

· Confirmation that ministers were drawing up plans for local government and judicial reform was enough to satisfy many.· The United States agreed to send money for social development programs, judicial reform and crop substitution.

► review

· There is the added safeguard of judicial review.· This is an awesome power that, even when exercised arbitrarily, will be immune from judicial review.· I would not afford the remedy of judicial review in all those cases - far from it.· It is concerned with defining the scope of judicial review.· The number of applications for judicial review has none the less increased significantly over the past decade.· There is before the court an application for judicial review.· Woolwich challenged by judicial review the validity of the particular regulations which had this effect.· The High Court will hold a judicial review to see if the inquest verdicts can be overturned.

► scrutiny

· This is judicial scrutiny and the power of the courts to regulate telephone-tapping and to deal with illegal or improper conduct.· Those classifications would be free from exacting judicial scrutiny.· Congress no longer can choose Supreme Court nominees -- a cozy practice that helped shield legislators from judicial scrutiny.

► structure

· In general, the judicial structures are dependent on political power for their own power and survival.· The discussion of the judiciary asserts that every set of judicial structures is political.· Even when the judicial structure does strive to maintain some political independence, it still might respond to political pressure.· The legal system and the set of judicial structures in every political system are political.· Many political systems have constituted judicial structures whose primary role is, or at least appears to be, adjudication.

► system

· The judicial system now had to protect creditors instead of debtors.· The lawyers move on, all having done their jobs, all having bowed to the dictates of an adversarial judicial system.· A Court Inspectorate will improve the efficiency of our often outdated judicial system.· Most judicial systems also have subsystems that are responsible for different aspects of adjudication.· In no small measure this is due to the concept of cruelty with which the judicial system has operated.· In Great Britain, one major judicial system is responsible for criminal law and a second handles civil law.· This can be seen most clearly in the operation of the judicial system.· Determining the extent of the evidence against Berenson is difficult, because her defense was limited by the judicial system here.

► view

· Note the indefinite article - A judicial view, not the judicial view.· Is the Secretary of State required by law to adopt the judicial view of the tariff?

单词	judicial
释义	judicialju‧di‧cial /dʒuːˈdɪʃəl/ adjective Word Origin WORD ORIGINjudicial Origin: 1300-1400 Latin judicialis, from judicium ‘judgment’, from judex; ➔ JUDGE1 Examples EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS Given the context, a reasonable person could only conclude that the threat of judicial power was plainly implied. However, the better judicial and quasi-judicial appointments generally go to barristers. In Court their barrister Ian Glen asked for a judicial review. The applicant then applied to the High Court for judicial review of these decisions. There is no right of appeal against the Commissioners decision, but the possibility of judicial review is available. Those classifications would be free from exacting judicial scrutiny. Woolwich challenged by judicial review the validity of the particular regulations which had this effect. word sets WORD SETS► Law access, nounacquit, verbacquittal, nounactionable, adjectiveact of God, nounadjourn, verbadminister, verbadmissible, adjectiveADR, nounadversarial, adjectiveadvocate, nounaffidavit, nounage, nounaggrieved, adjectiveagreement, nounannual return, anti-dumping, adjectiveantitrust, adjectiveAppeal Court, nounappear, verbappellate court, nounarraign, verbarticled clerk, articles of association, nounassignee, nounassizes, nounattachment, nounattest, verbattorney, nounattorney-at-law, nounattorney general, nounaverage clause, bailable, adjectivebailee, nounbailiff, nounbailment, nounban, nounbarrister, nounbeneficial owner, beneficiary, nounbequeath, verbbequest, nounbest efforts, adjectivebid-rigging, nounbill, nounbill of rights, nounblue law, nounbody corporate, bond, nounbook, verbbox, nounbreakdown clause, break fee, brief, nounbroker's lien, burden of proof, nounbusiness entity, buyer's risk, bylaw, nouncabotage, nouncadastre, nouncase, nouncase law, nouncash shell, nouncause, nouncause célèbre, nouncause of action, nouncaution, nouncaution, verbcertificate of incorporation, nouncertificate of protest, nouncertificate of search, nounchain of title, nounchallenge, nounchallenge, verbchancery, nounChapter 7, nouncharge, nouncharge, verbcharges register, chief justice, nouncircuit court, nouncite, verbcitizen's arrest, nouncivil, adjectivecivil law, nounclaim, nounclaimant, nounclass action, nounclause, nounclean, adjectivecloud on title, nouncollusion, nouncommerce clause, committal, nouncommon law, nouncommunity property, nounCommunity Reinvestment Act, nouncommutation, nounCompanies House, nouncompanies registry, company limited by guarantee, nouncompany limited by shares, nouncompany officer, competence, nouncompetent, adjectivecomplainant, nouncompletion, nouncompletion date, compliance officer, compulsory purchase, nounconditional discharge, nouncondition precedent, nouncondition subsequent, nounconduct money, confidentiality clause, confirmation hearing, conflict of laws, nounconjugal, adjectiveconsensus ad idem, nounconsent decree, consenting adult, nounconservator, nounconstituted, adjectiveconstitution, nounconstitutional, adjectiveconstitutionality, nouncontempt, nouncontest, verbcontingency fee, contract of insurance, nouncontract of purchase, nouncontract of service, nouncontravene, verbcontravention, nouncontributory negligence, nounconvey, verbconveyance, nounconveyancing, nounconvict, verbconviction, nouncopyright, nounco-respondent, nouncosignatory, nouncounsel, nouncounty court, nouncourthouse, nouncourt-martial, nouncourt-martial, verbCourt of Appeal, nounCourt of Appeals, nouncourt of inquiry, nouncourt of law, nounCourt of Queen's Bench, nouncourt order, nouncourt reporter, nouncourtroom, nouncramdown, nouncriminal, adjectivecriminal injury, criminalize, verbcriminal law, nouncross-examine, verbCrown Court, nouncurfew, nouncustodial, adjectiveD.A., noundata protection, death sentence, noundeath warrant, noundeclaration of association, noundecree, noundecree absolute, noundecree nisi, noundecriminalize, verbdeed, noundeed of conveyance, noundefalcation, noundefend, verbdefendant, noundeficiency judgment, noundeficiency judgment, de jure, adjectivedeposition, noundeputy, nounderivative lease, desertion, noundiminished responsibility, noundiplomatic immunity, noundirectors register, disabled quota, disbar, verbdischarge of contract, noundisclaim, verbdisclaimer, noundiscretionary, adjectivedisinherit, verbdismiss, verbdispense, verbdisposition, noundispossess, verbdissent, noundissolution, noundistrain, verbdistrict attorney, noundistrict court, noundivorce, noundivorce, verbdivorced, adjectivedocket, noundonee, noundouble jeopardy, noundraftsman, noundrink-driving, noundrunk driving, noundue process, nounduress, nouneasement, nounedict, nouneffective, adjectiveeminent domain, nounempower, verbenabling, adjectiveenabling clause, enact, verbendowment, nounenforced, adjectiveenjoin, verbescape clause, escrow, nounescrow agent, estate, nounestoppel, nounevidence, nounexamination, nounexamination-in-chief, nounexamine, verbexculpate, verbexecute, verbexecutor, nounexecutrix, nounexhibit, nounexpectations, nounex post facto law, nounexpropriate, verbextradite, verbextrajudicial, adjectivefair dealing, false representation, nounfee absolute, nounfiduciary, nounfiduciary, adjectivefinding, nounfirm name, nounfixtures and fittings, nounforce majeure, nounforeman, nounforewoman, nounfreeholder, nounfree pardon, nounfrustration of contract, fugitive, nounfugitive, adjectivegagging order, gag order, noungarnishee, verbgarnishee, noungeneral counsel, noungeneral practice, noungive, verbgrand jury, noungrantee, noungrantor, noungreen paper, noungross misconduct, ground rent, nounguarantee, verbguarantor, nounguaranty, nounguillotine, verbguilt, noungun control, nounhabeas corpus, nounHague Rules, nounhear, verbhearing, nounheir, nounheir apparent, nounhereafter, adverbhereditament, nounhereinafter, adverbhereof, adverbhereto, adverbheritable, adjectiveHigh Court, nounHighway Code, nounhirer, nounhuman right, nounimplied term, inadmissible, adjectiveinalienable, adjectiveincriminate, verbindemnify, verbindemnity, nounindict, verbindictable, adjectiveindictment, nounindustrial tribunal, nouninitiative, nouninjunction, nounin loco parentis, adverbinnocence, nouninnocent, adjectiveinoperative, adjectiveinquest, nouninsanity, nouninstruct, verbintellectual property, nounintent, nouninterdict, nouninterlocutory injunction, invoke, verbJane Doe, nounjob quota, joint and several liability, JP, nounjudge, nounjudge, verbjudicial, adjectivejuridical, adjectivejurisdiction, nounjurisprudence, nounjurist, nounjuror, nounjury, nounjury box, nounjury service, nounjustice, nounJustice of the Peace, nounjustifiable homicide, nounjuvenile, adjectivekangaroo court, nounKing's Counsel, nounlaw firm, nounlawyer, nounlease, nounleasehold, adjectiveleaseholder, nounlegatee, nounlegator, nounlessee, nounlessor, nounletters of administration, nounliable, adjectivelicensee, nounlien, nounlienee, nounlienor, nounlimited liability, nounliquidated damages, litigant, nounlitigate, verblitigation, nounlitigator, nounlitigious, adjectiveliving will, nounloophole, nounmagisterial, adjectivemagistracy, nounmagistrate, nounMagistrates' Court, nounmaintenance, nounmajority, nounmalfeasance, nounmalpractice, nounmarriage certificate, nounmarriage licence, nounmarriage lines, nounmaterial, adjectivematerial fact, nounmemorandum, nounmiscarriage of justice, nounmisdirect, verbmisfeasance, nounmisstatement, nounmistrial, nounM'lord, nounM'lud, nounmoiety, nounmonies, nounmoot court, nounmoratorium, nounmovable, nounno-fault, adjectivenolo contendere, nounnonfeasance, nounnon-negotiable, adjectivenotary, nounnuisance, nounnullify, verbnullity, nounoath, nounopen-and-shut case, nounopen verdict, nounoperative mistake, nounordinance, nounoriginating application, originating summons, outlaw, nounout-of-court settlement, nounoyez, interjectionpalimony, nounpanel, nounparalegal, nounpardon, verbpardon, nounparty, nounpass, verbpassage, nounpatent, nounpatent, adjectivepaternity, nounpaternity suit, nounpatrimony, nounpenal code, nounpenalty, nounperformance contract, perjury, nounpersonal injury, personal representative, personalty, nounpetition, nounpetition, verbpetitioner, nounplaintiff, nounplanning permission, nounplea bargaining, nounpleadings, nounpledgee, nounpolice, verbpositive discrimination, nounpower of attorney, nounprecedent, nounprejudice, verbpreservation order, nounpresume, verbprice-fixing, nounprima facie, adjectiveprimary residence, prime tenant, primogeniture, nounprivate law, nounprivileged, adjectiveprivity, nounprobate, nounprobate, verbprobation, nounprobationer, nounprobation officer, nounpro bono, adjectiveprocedural, adjectiveproceeding, nounproceedings, nounprohibit, verbprohibition, nounprohibitive, adjectivepromulgate, verbpronounce, verbproposition, nounproscribe, verbprosecute, verbprosecution, nounprosecutor, nounprotective custody, nounprove, verbprovision, nounprovisional licence, nounproximate cause, nounpublic defender, nounpublic prosecutor, nounpublic service vehicle, punishable, adjectiveQC, nounquarter sessions, nounquash, verbQueen's Counsel, nounreal property, nounrecess, nounrecess, verbrecognition, nounrecognizance, nounrecorder, nounreeve, nounregulation, nounremand, verbremand, nounrepeal, verbrescind, verbrespondent, nounrestoration, nounrestore, verbretainer, nounretrial, nounretroactive, adjectiveretrospective, adjectiveretry, verbreversion, nounrevocation, nounrevoke, verbRex, nounright of appeal, nounroad tax, nounroot of title, royalty payment, rule, verbruling, nounsaid, adjectivesalami slicing, nounSarbanes-Oxley Act, nounscheme of arrangement, nounsentence, nounsentence, verbsequester, verbsession, nounsettlement date, settlement terms, shall, modal verbshell company, sheriff, nounsheriff court, nounshow trial, nounsitting tenant, nounsmall claims court, nounsolicitor, nounsolicitor general, nounSOX, nounspecial licence, nounspecific performance, speed limit, nounstakeholder, nounstate attorney, nounstate court, nounstated case, statute, nounstatute law, nounstatute of limitations, nounstatutory, adjectivestatutory report, stay, nounstay of execution, nounstipendiary magistrate, nounstoppage in transit, nounsub judice, adverbsubmission, nounsuborn, verbsubpoena, nounsubpoena, verbsue, verbsuit, nounsumming up, nounsumming-up, nounsummons, nounsummons, verbSupreme Court, nounsurety, nounsuspended sentence, nounswear, verbtechnicality, nountenant at sufferance, nountenant at will, nountenant for years, nountenant in common, nountenure, nountestament, nountestator, nountest case, nountest certificate, nountestify, verbtestimony, nounthereinafter, adverbthird party, nounthrough, prepositionticket, nounticket, verbtitle, nountitle deed, nountitle holder, nountort, nountradename, nounTrading Standards, treasure trove, nountrespass, verbtrespass, nountrial, nountrust for sale, nounultra vires, adjectiveunderwriting power, undue influence, noununlicensed, adjectiveuphold, verbverdict, nounvindicate, verbvisa, nounvoucher, nounward, nounwarrant, nounwhereas, conjunctionwill, nounwill, verbwinding up, nounwitness, nounwitness, verbwitness box, nounwrit, nounwrongful termination, Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► the executive/judicial/legislative branch (=the three main parts of the US government) ► a judicial inquiry (=one involving a judge)· Calls for a judicial inquiry into the affair are growing louder. ► judicial review (=examination by a judge)· The case is likely to go to judicial review. ► judicial scrutiny (=by judges)· The new legislation will be the subject of close judicial scrutiny. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSNOUN► appointee · On Saturday, Dole piled on, using Napolitano to blast Clinton judicial appointees as soft on crime. ► authority · Convictions could be appealed, not to any judicial authority, but to the government agent and then the Governor.· Executive, legislative, and judicial authority flowed from him and there were no legal limitations to his power.· They subscribe to it not for reasons of caprice, but because eminent judicial authority has reiterated the notion over the years.· A remarkable feature of this decision of the House of Lords was that it was based on almost no judicial authority at all.· It will be hard for the judicial authorities to establish a relationship of cause and effect. ► branch · Congress has gone back into session and most of the judicial branch of government began its annual one-month vacation. ► control · It concerns the whole matter of judicial control over ministerial discretion.· Contests over children's entrance into and exit from the care of the state are moving from administrative to judicial control.· This choice allows us to accord primacy to the authority's interpretation, while still preserving judicial control.· Because their legal status and powers are confused, judicial control of their activities lacks coherence. ► decision · The above discussion has concentrated upon the distinction drawn between administrative and judicial decisions.· A summary of different approaches to jurisprudence and judicial decision making among developed countries.· The court's monthly stop-offs are a reminder that judicial decisions must be obeyed.· In the case of West Virginia, the situation was practically identical, but the judicial decision was different.· Even the provisions of the formal document, the United States Constitution, may be amended by judicial decisions and custom usage.· Provisions of the Constitution are developed and molded by judicial decisions.· It is against the background of this offensive that the judicial decisions of 1896-1901 must seen.· Recent judicial decisions have thrown doubt upon this point, as indicated in the following hypothetical discussion. ► discretion · How far judicial discretion on sentencing should be directed by Government policy is problematic.· Since each matrimonial property or custody dispute is to be decided according to judicial discretion the result is that litigation abounds.· A judicial discretion is the essence of real justice.· The rent awarded by the court under s24A may be considerably tempered by judicial discretion. ► function · In the absence of any clear division between administrative and judicial functions, even the humblest official enjoyed arbitrary power.· They wore scarlet and gold uniforms and the shining, close-fitting plastic caps that were the sign of their judicial function.· The cardinals joined in all the rapidly growing administrative and judicial functions of the papal court.· The judicial function is that of interpretation; it does not include the power of amendment under the guise of interpretation.· Expressing misgivings about tactics-almost invariably conducted as part of undercover police operations-is not a judicial function.· Robson recognized that, throughout history, courts have performed administrative functions and administrative bodies have undertaken judicial functions.· Government ministers have legislative, executive and judicial functions.· Each of the Houses discharges a quasi judicial function in relation to the regulation of its own affairs. ► independence · The cornerstone of that ideology is the doctrine of judicial independence, to which we now turn.· The constitutional reforms of July 1994 may foster greater judicial independence.· After discreet soundings, they prudently abandoned the idea, which would have involved a major encroachment upon judicial independence. ► inquiry · Calls from every side for a full judicial inquiry into the whole affair grew louder.· A judicial inquiry was ordered, but witnesses were threatened by the police and none would testify.· Pretoria refuses demands for judicial inquiry into assassination squads De Klerk reformist image suffers as cover-up feared.· Calls for a judicial inquiry are right.· In response to Sikh accusations V. P. Singh agreed to the holding of a judicial inquiry into his death.· Opposition parties reacted indignantly to Mr De Klerk's overnight announcement that he would not set up a judicial inquiry.· He agreed that the aim should be a judicial inquiry. ► interpretation · We are not without judicial interpretation, therefore, both state and national, of the meaning of this clause.· His uncompromising attitude is that our revered document is static and not subject to evolution or judicial interpretation. ► intervention · The rationale for judicial intervention on the Y level is more indirect.· The basis for judicial intervention becomes clear and worrisome problems of jurisdictional versus non jurisdictional errors of law are left behind.· As we shall see, judicial intervention was not noticeably restrained at this time in other political cockpits. ► investigation · A judicial investigation into his case ordered the arrest of a member of the national police.· A judicial investigation implicated three members of the Caldas Battalion of the army.· They remained under judicial investigation in connection with misuse of state funds. ► office · Taxation is an occasion when some one in judicial office will see your file and this will be a reflection on your firm.· Other peers who hold or have held high judicial office may sit but rarely do so.· The pope's household was fast developing into defined administrative and judicial offices.· Can he be dismissed from his judicial office, and if so by whom?· Those nominated by the President to high executive and judicial office must be accepted by the Senate. ► officer · A special cadre of judicial officers, the taxing masters, has been established to carry out this process. ► power · The second section of the third article of the constitution defines the extent of the judicial power of the United States.· The pope's court had from very early times exercised judicial powers of extreme significance.· One abuse that was prevalent during the Confederation was the exercise of judicial power by the state legislatures.· Sovereignty is exercised by the Pope, who has absolute legislative, executive and judicial power.· He is charged with no duty at all related to either the legislative or judicial power.· After the rebellion of 1817 - 18 the judicial powers of headmen were limited to trying petty cases.· Given the context, a reasonable person could only conclude that the threat of judicial power was plainly implied. ► procedure · Government during this period sought to clarify the law and simplify judicial procedure.· Sinhalese law was unwritten, and there was great flexibility both in its application and in judicial procedure. ► proceeding · It had, for example, appeared in previous judicial proceedings.· In 1925 forty-five Chicago judges voted to prohibit cameras in state courtrooms during judicial proceedings. ► process · Officials sought to simplify the judicial process and clarify the criminal law.· In other words, the judicial process has never been indifferent to technological progress.· The essential feature of the judicial process which makes it unsuitable to deal with polycentric problems is its bipolar and adversary nature.· But legal analysts caution that the judicial process could take years and that its outcome is difficult to predict.· Some prisoners who would not normally have received the death sentence may have fallen victim to political interference in the judicial process.· The decision concluded a judicial process that had been initiated on the petition of the Interior Minister, Maj.-Gen. ► reform · Confirmation that ministers were drawing up plans for local government and judicial reform was enough to satisfy many.· The United States agreed to send money for social development programs, judicial reform and crop substitution. ► review · There is the added safeguard of judicial review.· This is an awesome power that, even when exercised arbitrarily, will be immune from judicial review.· I would not afford the remedy of judicial review in all those cases - far from it.· It is concerned with defining the scope of judicial review.· The number of applications for judicial review has none the less increased significantly over the past decade.· There is before the court an application for judicial review.· Woolwich challenged by judicial review the validity of the particular regulations which had this effect.· The High Court will hold a judicial review to see if the inquest verdicts can be overturned. ► scrutiny · This is judicial scrutiny and the power of the courts to regulate telephone-tapping and to deal with illegal or improper conduct.· Those classifications would be free from exacting judicial scrutiny.· Congress no longer can choose Supreme Court nominees -- a cozy practice that helped shield legislators from judicial scrutiny. ► structure · In general, the judicial structures are dependent on political power for their own power and survival.· The discussion of the judiciary asserts that every set of judicial structures is political.· Even when the judicial structure does strive to maintain some political independence, it still might respond to political pressure.· The legal system and the set of judicial structures in every political system are political.· Many political systems have constituted judicial structures whose primary role is, or at least appears to be, adjudication. ► system · The judicial system now had to protect creditors instead of debtors.· The lawyers move on, all having done their jobs, all having bowed to the dictates of an adversarial judicial system.· A Court Inspectorate will improve the efficiency of our often outdated judicial system.· Most judicial systems also have subsystems that are responsible for different aspects of adjudication.· In no small measure this is due to the concept of cruelty with which the judicial system has operated.· In Great Britain, one major judicial system is responsible for criminal law and a second handles civil law.· This can be seen most clearly in the operation of the judicial system.· Determining the extent of the evidence against Berenson is difficult, because her defense was limited by the judicial system here. ► view · Note the indefinite article - A judicial view, not the judicial view.· Is the Secretary of State required by law to adopt the judicial view of the tariff? relating to the law, judges, or their decisions → legislative: the judicial system—judicially adverb
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