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单词 permanence
释义
permanentper‧ma‧nent1 /ˈpɜːmənənt $ ˈpɜːr-/ ●●● S2 W2 adjective Word Origin
WORD ORIGINpermanent1
Origin:
1400-1500 Latin present participle of permanere ‘to stay till the end’
Examples
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES
  • Most police departments keep a permanent record of all violent crimes committed in their area.
  • Mr. Lo has applied for permanent residence in the U.S.
  • Only five of the firm's employees are permanent.
  • The car accident has caused permanent damage to her eyesight.
EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS
  • Draw a rough sketch and then translate them all in a permanent fashion to the wall.
  • He liked to sit seeing others, including the permanent secretaries, arguing in front of him.
  • In the Sahara there are great areas of sand where there are no permanent landmarks from which to construct one.
  • In the summer they go right up into the mountains, way beyond the permanent snow-line.
  • Kinship is binding and permanent but permits no choice of personnel, the individual must accept the relatives he has.
  • Once the customer decides to buy the software, Hewlett provides a password over the phone granting a permanent licence.
  • The fifteen Calders join seven in the museum's permanent collection, including three mobiles previously given by the Horwiches.
Thesaurus
THESAURUS
continuing forever, for a very long time, or for the rest of your life: · She has permanent damage to her eyesight.· the search for a permanent solution to the problem· They’ve offered her the job on a permanent basis.
continuing for a very long time – used especially when something continues to affect someone or something for a long time: · The experience left a lasting impression on him.· Things that happen in early childhood can have a lasting effect on your life.· Shelley was to have a lasting influence on him.· Is there any hope for a lasting peace in the Middle East?
continuing so long that you think it will never end – used especially when something needs a lot of effort: · Keeping the house clean is a never-ending battle.· It was a never-ending task.· The search was never-ending.
a perpetual state or feeling seems to be there all the time – used especially about something that is very annoying, worrying, or tiring: · For many working mothers, balancing the demands of children and job is a perpetual challenge.· The people live in a perpetual state of fear.
continuing forever – used especially in the following phrases: · Gold is the symbol of everlasting love.· He promised them everlasting life.
continuing forever – used especially in the following phrases: · Do you believe in eternal life?· the secret of eternal youth· She has my eternal gratitude (=I will always be grateful to her).· You’re always the eternal optimist. (=you always think that good things will happen)
Longman Language Activatorremaining or continuing forever
continuing forever, for a very long time, or for the rest of your life: · The car accident has caused permanent damage to her eyesight.· Most police departments keep a permanent record of all violent crimes committed in their area.
: eternal life/youth/salvation etc life etc which continues forever: · The possibility of eternal life is a principal belief of many religions.· the search for eternal youth
a word used especially in religious contexts, meaning continuing forever: · life everlasting· the Buddhist's search for everlasting peace
a state or feeling that is perpetual seems to be there all the time and is very annoying, upsetting, worrying etc: · For many working mothers, balancing the demands of children and job is a perpetual challenge.· Her husband's perpetual jealousy strongly affected their marriage.
having no end, or continuing so long that you think it will never end: · To Miguel, the boredom of married life seemed never-ending.· Keeping the house neat and clean is a never-ending battle.
continuing forever and never ending or stopping: · It's difficult to really imagine an infinite universe.· She was a woman of seemingly infinite patience.
Collocations
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY
 Miller soon became a permanent fixture (=someone or something that is always there) on the team.
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
· The art gallery hosts exhibitions and a permanent collection.
(=that cannot be repaired)· By smoking for so long, she may have suffered irreversible damage to her health.
· Some of the temporary employees were later hired as permanent staff.
· university graduates entering permanent employment for the first time
· The museum hosts a permanent exhibition of Boston’s history.
· The King threatened her with permanent exile.
· The injury caused him discomfort but no lasting harm.
· Flood victims were offered temporary homes.
· The brain can be affected by permanent injury after a serious accident.
· The job is only temporary, but I’m hoping it will be made permanent.
 An appeal has been launched to build a lasting memorial to the composer.
· He has the chance to forge a lasting peace with the Palestinians.
· It's a temporary position initially, for six months.
· I have a two-year contract, not a permanent post.
· You will have a permanent record of your work.
(=that makes you think about something all the time)· Peter's letters to me are a constant reminder of the happiness we shared.
 Jeff has permanent residence in Canada, but is still a US citizen.
· If the wound is not stitched, a permanent scar may result.
· That affair left a permanent scar on my heart.
· Much of the work is done by temporary staff.
· They lived in a constant state of fear.
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADVERB
· The duke therefore had to be satisfied with rather less permanent methods of limiting the Woodvilles' power.· McGaw had hoped for a relationship with Ringwald that was less permanent, and he tells her so.· The learning has become more or less permanent.· Even after two Jacobite invasions had failed the Highlands remained in a more or less permanent state of lawlessness.· It was, however, looser, more flexible and far less permanent and structured than in the West.· Syntactic relationships thus occur in documents, but are less permanent than semantic relationships.· Some people live with a more or less permanent anxiety that this shattering event could happen at any time.
· Above: For regular kite workshop use, templates made in plywood are more permanent.· They belonged to a time before heavy, more permanent objects gave way to lighter, temporary ones.· The finish is also more permanent and does not upset the float's balance.· Some changes in temporal lobe function may be more permanent.· For a more permanent display use dried flowers.· A more permanent shade structure will be erected soon, Boyer said.· By around 1910 the cultivation of rubber and tea had brought about a more permanent change.· Nothing human can feel more permanent than that.
NOUN
· Some foreign children are residential on a permanent basis.· They man checkpoints on a permanent basis, screening vehicles and their occupants for weapons.· Anne Wallwork was retained on a permanent basis to help with some of Laura's more exotic ideas.· We all have the option to withdraw our energy on a temporary or permanent basis.· Now it's been so successful, it's opening on a permanent basis.· I don't know why the fairs don't put up their tents on a permanent basis.· Current boss Ray Hankin is waiting and hoping he will land the job on a permanent basis.· It would put the emergency powers he was granted last autumn on a permanent basis.
· It is not a permanent change as suggested in yesterday's paper.· Probably because some short-term changes provide the scaffolding for making permanent changes, casting things in concrete.· By around 1910 the cultivation of rubber and tea had brought about a more permanent change.· Too often New Labour appeases and buys off opposing forces: this third-way strategy makes few friends or permanent changes.· Even so we do not expect such spells to lead to permanent changes in our lifestyle.· The emphasis of action taken in favour of DRAs must be to achieve permanent changes in income earning potential and social cohesion.· Good if you are nervous about making a permanent change.
· Meanwhile, the town's Musée des Beaux Arts will be showing a selection of the Carré d'Art's permanent collection.· The fifteen Calders join seven in the museum's permanent collection, including three mobiles previously given by the Horwiches.· The Center for International Exhibitions would have non-profit Kunsthalles without permanent collections in those cities.· Museum and Art Gallery host exhibitions and a permanent collection.· The exhibition in Vienna coincides with the reopening of the rooms of the permanent collection of Flemish art in the Kunsthistorisches Museum.· This matched the initial outlay by the city, regional and provincial governments for the building and a £20 million permanent collection.· It will also be used to show work by design students inspired by the permanent collections.· Portions of the collection also will be rotated in a permanent collection gallery.
· But he said Cherie should not suffer permanent damage if cured soon.· No permanent damage was done to the substation, officials said.· He started to have fits and he suffered permanent damage.· But if the artery stays plugged up for something like 15 minutes or more, permanent damage occurs.· Too much strain on the relaxin-softened tissue can cause permanent damage.· Even if you suffer permanent damage but are still able to work, this is the only way around it.· The order to create wealth can never justify permanent damage to the balance of nature.· Tsukamoto says that when the liver is engaged in breaking down alcohol it becomes vulnerable to permanent damage from Tylenol.
· As for the craftsman, he says he's just pleased to work on something that's a permanent display.· For a more permanent display use dried flowers.· It does not deal directly with the main problem of providing more room for permanent display.· Regular exhibitions, including permanent display of tartans and clan insignia.· Acknowledgement of your seat donation on permanent display in the theatre.
· Through contacts made during their industrial placement, many graduates subsequently obtain permanent employment.· Such training is advantageous in gaining permanent employment in the field.· Others who have been in permanent employment as nurses have found the restrictions of poor pay and stringent working conditions too harsh.· It is from this tradition that he would see organizational commitment and permanent employment deriving.· The extra experience gained during this year places graduates in a very favourable position when they come to seek permanent employment.· Private agencies deal with temporary and permanent employment and are called Vikarbureauer.· Many graduates and diplomates have in the past been offered their first permanent employment through contacts made during their industrial placement.
· A permanent exhibition on the history of the valley is to be established near the dam in the early 1990s.· The Ground Floor should be reserved for a permanent exhibition on the work of the Garden.· Based on the new permanent exhibition at the museum.· His two front windows were a permanent exhibition for the benefit of passers-by.· A Merkhet is on permanent exhibition in the Science Museum, London.· The museum's permanent exhibition is basically an educational trot through London's history from prehistory to the present day.· The Museum has a permanent exhibition depicting the social and natural history of the Daventry area.
· Later this month it will be a permanent feature of full-time courses at the hotel school.· Is this just to get rid of the nomenklatura or will it be a permanent feature?· In other words, you have to assume that these kind of arrangements will become a permanent feature.· It is J permanent feature of the library and accessible by students when and where they require it.· Shouldn't the removal of Stamp Duty become a permanent feature?· On 19 July 1990 the House resolved to accept the televising of its proceedings as a permanent feature.· Help in maintaining the prices of agricultural products became a permanent feature of government policy from this time.· Exhaustion is a permanent feature preventing the completion of even the most simple task.
· But a room divider doesn't have to be a permanent fixture, particularly if you don't have much space.· As the only permanent fixture in a constantly changing group, Sinclair Goodlad maintains continuity and lays down the scheme's philosophy.· Let's hope he keeps it up, and makes himself a permanent fixture in the side.· Like Ross Vartian's museum, it will be a permanent fixture.· It was one of those grey February evenings when winter seemed a permanent fixture.· The jokes have been flying thick and fast since he became a permanent fixture on Hallowe'en.· Both had highly promising futures and were expected to become permanent fixtures in the Springbok side before long.· A photographers platform on the platform-less side became a permanent fixture allowing photographers to get next to the lip to capture the action.
· The main cause is the expansion of farming on to permanent grassland and the widespread use of fertilisers.· Its main attractions are the optimal utilisation of permanent grassland and the control of internal parasitism without resort to therapy.· In winter most Golden Plover are found on coastal farmland, including the permanent grassland of the levels.· The mid-grey is permanent grassland while the light areas are intensively-cultivated fields of peas, beans and other cash crops.· The total cereal area is 280,000 hectares and permanent grassland covers 68% of the utilised agricultural land in the Auvergne.· Total permanent grassland represented 65% of the utilised agricultural land and this proportion has changed little over the years.
· They gained a permanent home in 1961 when the groundsman's hut became vacant.· Unlike many of the Germanic tribes from whom they exacted tribute, these Asiatics had no permanent homes and no kings.· Finally, the palazzo is now the permanent home of the Ugo Marsia collection of marine art.· There was talk about finding a permanent home for the company and a school, but not a great deal of activity.· However, the uncomplaining hero Bobby is without a permanent home.· A person's domicile is the country which is in fact or in the eye of the law his permanent home for the time being.· In education and training Apples have found a permanent home.· They will be cared for by a foster family while a court in Missouri decides where they should make their permanent home.
· First, the Keynesian function includes current national income, whereas Friedman is using permanent income as a proxy for total wealth.· Or perhaps more sophisticated methods are applied along the lines suggested by Friedman's permanent income hypothesis.· This is why economic income is sometimes called permanent income, and it is also why economic earnings and dividends are equivalent.
· He left to take a permanent job.· Johnstone decided to join Source Legal, a firm that places lawyers and paralegals in temporary and permanent jobs.· Hamilton has estimated that these two projects and the offshore development will create some 3,000 construction jobs and over 200 permanent jobs.· And many more workers are joining the unemployment lines because of permanent job loss rather than temporary layoffs, official statistics show.· Second, fewer workers will have full-time, permanent jobs.· They were so productive that the company began hiring them for permanent jobs.· D' you want a permanent job on the Globe?· With those operations closing, it is not expected to result in a net increase in permanent jobs.
· Membership in the United Nations' most powerful body includes 10 rotating and five permanent members.· No permanent member supported the proposal, and it was dropped.· Consider whether any cases need continuity and transfer these to a permanent member of the team.· Time and again action by the Security Council was blocked by the veto power of the Soviet Union and other permanent members.· As such, and as one of the five permanent members of the Security Council, she has world responsibilities.
· It will stand as a permanent memorial to the man whose generosity has so benefited the Theatre Collection.· It's too early to discuss a permanent memorial, she said.· Now the people of the town have honoured his bravery by erecting a permanent memorial.
· These were in contrast to upland permanent pasture, where arable farming could only be undertaken infrequently, in special circumstances.· All permanent pasture and most leys contain a large number of grasses, clovers, weeds, and herbs.· Their construction and use indicates permanent pasture, thus they presumably represent abandoned areas when occurring on village and field sites.· Upland farms usually have at least 50% or even all of the land classified as enclosed, sown, short-term and permanent pastures.· As mentioned earlier, most permanent pastures can be improved in both composition and productivity by good management.· The present agricultural pattern has clearly involved great changes and the loss of permanent pasture is of particular significance ornithologically.· Total production in the long term is seldom higher than that of permanent pasture.· Areas of woodland and permanent pasture are mapped together with built-up areas as inaccessible to archaeologists.
· The truce also provided for the continuation of discussions about a permanent peace between the two realms.· The treaty ending it should establish permanent institutions to ensure a permanent peace.· But whether the compromise bolsters the prospects for permanent peace in Bosnia is another story.
· Thereafter he took heed from being dropped once or twice, and soon established a permanent place in the team.· To me it seemed such a milestone: I had earned myself a permanent place in his life at last.· The staff of the Home were involved, and Mrs R. opted for a permanent place and was transferred at once.
· Evidential: the retention of data as a permanent record of our activities.· That's only storage - a permanent record.· A strip chart recorder duplicates the reading of the computer and forms a permanent record.· Student's handbook can be used as a reference work and permanent record after the course.· One of the major advantages of letters over telephone conversations is that they provide a permanent record.· Once the film credits are over, you have no permanent record.
· It will meet in Vienna and be composed of the permanent representatives of the participating States. 19.
· He remained temporarily in Paris and even considered permanent residence there.· All those with permanent residence in the republic are to be allowed to vote in a 10 December poll.· Bloody Gorgeous seems to have taken up permanent residence in her bed.
· Wildlife officer Malcolm Ingham with two-year-old barn owl Zuky, a permanent resident at the Wirral park.· Only several months more use of both products will determine which, if either, remains as a permanent resident.· The median age of the 28, 000-plus permanent residents is a vigorous 44.· They also made it more difficult for temporary residents or visitors to become permanent residents.· Q.. What does it take for permanent residents to become a citizens, and how long do they have to wait?· But a week or so in a holiday cottage isn't the same as becoming a permanent resident.· Though legal, recent events raise legitimate questions about the wisdom of accepting donations from permanent residents who can not vote.
· This week, for example, the permanent secretaries of all government departments will meet to discuss best practice in procurement.· He would have been a jolly good permanent secretary.· He liked to sit seeing others, including the permanent secretaries, arguing in front of him.· Within an hour the permanent secretary was banging away on his typewriter to prepare Alexi's forms.· It was hierarchical, with silly rows about the status and pay of its permanent secretary, Sir Eric Roll.· By the end of the afternoon the permanent secretary had signed the stencils.· In Opposition days, Heath the permanent secretary manqué set about preparing for government with a will.
· A permanent site would have to be ready by 2030.· When the school first opened three years ago, there was no permanent site in which to hold classes.
· There is no evidence agency staff are less capable than permanent staff.· Employers' groups welcomed the reforms, though they said more are necessary to encourage employers to take on permanent staff.· As a result of such differences there was sometimes friction between those waiting to be purged and the permanent staff.· Charges of selfishness and even unjust charges of collaboration were sometimes made against members of the permanent staff.· The households of early medieval kings were simple affairs; the permanent staff was small.· For their part the permanent staff thought all new prisoners childish, ill-mannered and unbalanced.· It had its own permanent staff; hence user - staff interaction was significantly greater than in other user groups.· He was a permanent staff instructor attached to a local Territorial Army unit.
· Only children had the energy for play, the adults were in a permanent state of weariness.· I live in Ridgefield in a permanent state of dread.· Further, fragmentation is encouraged in many states by the relative transience of the political authority compared with the permanent state administration.· Depression should not be a permanent state, but recovery takes time.· Even after two Jacobite invasions had failed the Highlands remained in a more or less permanent state of lawlessness.· Nobody was allowed in Judy's bedroom to tidy up, so it was in a permanent state of chaos.· In fact, he's in a pretty permanent state of rage about everything.· A permanent state of war with the community was untenable, but the law must be enforced.
· Watford's reserve goalkeeper Mel Rees has joined Southampton on a month's loan with a view to a permanent transfer.
· The same narrow, lined face, the same grey eyes, the same grey hair with the same permanent wave.· The new space has been gradually transformed from a place of permanent wave to culinary rave.· A Antibiotics in your system can affect a permanent wave, giving poor or no results at all.
· But even harder to make are decisions about adoption when Marian knows that she is severing families in a permanent way.· They give you a permanent way to mark pages you find interesting and want to return to regularly.
Phrases
PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
  • Jerry's Hamburger Haven has been a fixture on Third Avenue for over 20 years.
  • But a room divider doesn't have to be a permanent fixture, particularly if you don't have much space.
  • He must be a fixture of the cliche.
  • Horse-drawn carriages counted as an important industry; blacksmiths were a fixture of everyday industrial life.
  • Like Ross Vartian's museum, it will be a permanent fixture.
  • The catchphrase, after all, is a fixture in an otherwise protean world of television comedy.
 continuing to exist for a long time or for all the time in the future OPP  temporary:  He gave up a permanent job in order to freelance. a permanent change in your eating habits The blindness that the disease causes will be permanent. Miller soon became a permanent fixture (=someone or something that is always there) on the team.—permanence (also permanency) noun [uncountable]:  the permanence of parental love our desire for some sense of permanenceTHESAURUSpermanent continuing forever, for a very long time, or for the rest of your life: · She has permanent damage to her eyesight.· the search for a permanent solution to the problem· They’ve offered her the job on a permanent basis.lasting continuing for a very long time – used especially when something continues to affect someone or something for a long time: · The experience left a lasting impression on him.· Things that happen in early childhood can have a lasting effect on your life.· Shelley was to have a lasting influence on him.· Is there any hope for a lasting peace in the Middle East?never-ending continuing so long that you think it will never end – used especially when something needs a lot of effort: · Keeping the house clean is a never-ending battle.· It was a never-ending task.· The search was never-ending.perpetual a perpetual state or feeling seems to be there all the time – used especially about something that is very annoying, worrying, or tiring: · For many working mothers, balancing the demands of children and job is a perpetual challenge.· The people live in a perpetual state of fear.everlasting continuing forever – used especially in the following phrases: · Gold is the symbol of everlasting love.· He promised them everlasting life.eternal continuing forever – used especially in the following phrases: · Do you believe in eternal life?· the secret of eternal youth· She has my eternal gratitude (=I will always be grateful to her).· You’re always the eternal optimist. (=you always think that good things will happen)
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