单词	volunteer
释义	volunteer1 nounvolunteer2 verb volunteervol‧un‧teer1 /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə $ ˌvɑːlənˈtɪr/ ●●○ AWL noun [countable] Word Origin WORD ORIGINvolunteer1 Origin: 1500-1600 French volontaire, from Latin voluntarius; ➔ VOLUNTARY1 Examples EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES a volunteer fire department I need someone to rake the yard. Any volunteers? EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS Another revelation: enthusiastic volunteers were not necessarily best-suited to be foster parents, either by temperament or circumstances. Ask a volunteer to drop one of the liquids on the waxed paper near the high end, near one side. Bush has agreed to serve as co-chairman with Clinton at an April summit in Philadelphia to encourage volunteers to help the needy. It depends on unemployed volunteers who give much time and effort. The duke presented certificates to the first 16 volunteers who have been trained for the scheme. The four volunteers entered the test chamber on June 12 with a limited supply of air and water. word sets WORD SETS► Military action stations, nounaide-de-camp, nounairborne, adjectiveaircraft carrier, nounairlift, nounallied, adjectivearmour, nounarms control, nounarms race, nounarray, verbassault course, nounAWOL, adjectivebalance of power, nounbandmaster, nounbandsman, nounbase, nounbattle, nounbattle, verbbattle cry, nounbattlefield, nounbattlements, nounbeachhead, nounbivouac, nounblackout, nounblast, verbblitz, nounblockade, nounblockade, verbblockhouse, nounbloodshed, nounbody bag, nounbody count, nounbomb, verbbombard, verbbombardment, nounbomb disposal, nounboot camp, nounbowman, nounbreastplate, nounbridgehead, nounbunker, nouncall-up, nouncannonade, nouncapability, nouncaptain, nouncapture, nouncarrier, nouncashier, verbcenotaph, nounchief of staff, nouncitation, nouncivil defence, nounC.O., nouncommand, nouncommand, verbcommandant, nouncommander, nouncommander in chief, nouncommand post, nouncommissariat, nouncommissary, nouncommission, nouncommissioned officer, nounconquer, verbconquest, nounconscientious objector, nounconscript, verbconscript, nounconscription, nounconvoy, verbcookhouse, nounCorp., corporal, nouncorps, nouncounterinsurgency, nouncounterintelligence, nouncountermand, verbcounter-revolution, nouncourt-martial, nouncourt-martial, verbcross, noundawn raid, noundeath camp, noundemilitarize, verbdemobilize, verbdeploy, verbdetonate, verbdisarm, verbdisarmament, noundispatch, noundraft board, noundraft card, noundraft dodger, noundraftee, noundress uniform, noundrum major, noundump, nounechelon, nounencamp, verbenemy, nounengage, verbengagement, nounenlist, verbenlisted, adjectiveexchange, nounex-serviceman, nounex-servicewoman, nounfield, verbfirst lieutenant, nounfirst strike, nounflak jacket, nounflash, nounfort, nounfortress, nounfoxhole, nounFPO, front, noungas mask, noungeneral headquarters, nounGHQ, nounguardhouse, nounheadquarters, nounhigh command, nounHQ, nounincursion, nounindefensible, adjectiveinsignia, nouninstallation, nouninsubordination, nounintelligence, nouninternment, nouninvade, verbinvader, nouninvasion, nounkit bag, nounKP, nounlieutenant, nounline, nounMaj., major, nounmajor general, nounman, nounmarch, verbmarch, nounmarch-past, nounmarshal, nounmassacre, nounmassacre, verbmess, nounmess, verbmilitarism, nounmilitarized, adjectiveMilitary Academy, nounMilitary Cross, nounmilitary service, nounmilitia, nounmilitiaman, nounminuteman, nounmission, nounMP, nounmutineer, nounmutinous, adjectivemutiny, nounnational service, nounNATO, nounNCO, nounno-man's-land, nounnon-aggression, nounnon-aligned, adjectivenon-combatant, nounobjective, nounobservation post, nounoccupation, nounoccupy, verboffence, nounoffensive, adjectiveoffensive, nounofficer, nounoperation, nounorderly, nounoutflank, verboutpost, nounoverthrow, verboverwhelm, verbpact, nounpadre, nounparade, nounparamilitary, adjectiveparapet, nounpartisan, nounpassword, nounpatrol, nounperilous, adjectiveperiscope, nounpillbox, nounpincer movement, nounpost, verbPOW, nounpre-war, adjectiveprisoner, nounprisoner of war, nounPurple Heart, nounpush, nounputsch, nounPX, nounquarter, verbquartermaster, nounquell, verbR & R, nounraid, nounraid, verbrank, nounrebellion, nounrecapture, verbreconnaissance, nounreconnoitre, verbrecruit, verbrecruit, nounreinforce, verbrelieve, verbRemembrance Day, nounrepel, verbrequisition, verbretake, verbretire, verbretreat, verbretreat, nounreview, nounreview, verbribbon, nounsabre-rattling, nounsally, nounsalute, verbsalute, nounsalvo, nounsamurai, nounscorched earth policy, nounscout, nounscout, verbscramble, verbsecond lieutenant, nounsentinel, nounsentry, nounsentry box, nounsergeant, nounsergeant major, nounserviceman, nounservicewoman, nounSgt., shell, verbshelling, nounsiege, nounskirmish, nounstaff officer, nounstaging area, nounstandard-issue, adjectivestar, nounstation, nounstation, verbstrategic, adjectivestrategist, nounstrategy, nounstripe, nounstronghold, nounsuperpower, nounsuppress, verbsurgical strike, nounsurrender, verbsurrender, nountactical, adjectivetarget, nountarget, verbtask force, nountattoo, nountheatre, nountrench warfare, nountripwire, nountruce, nounturret, noununarmed, adjectiveunoccupied, adjectivevalour, nounveteran, nounvolunteer, nounvolunteer, verbwar chest, nounwar crime, nounwar cry, nounwar dance, nounwar effort, nounwarfare, nounwarhorse, nounwarlike, adjectivewarlord, nounwar memorial, nounwarmonger, nounwarrant officer, nounwarring, adjectivewarrior, nounwar-torn, adjectivewar widow, nounwar zone, nounwounded, adjectivezero hour, noun Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► volunteer for redundancy (=offer to take redundancy)· Nearly 40% of the workforce volunteered for redundancy. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSNOUN► army · The principle of opportunity cost was recognized by Congress when it eliminated the draft in favor of the volunteer army. ► corps · I met a couple of Peace Corps volunteers who walked a kilometre each morning to fetch water.· The judges thought that we, the Peace Corps volunteers, had turned these guys on. ► student · Have a student volunteer fill the glass completely with water and place the cardboard on top of it.· Ask a student volunteer to draw a line down the middle of one side without taking the pencil off the paper.· Have a new student volunteer place one hand on top of the cardboard while carefully turning the glass upside-down.· Ask another student volunteer to cut along the line.· The area was cleaned up by student volunteers and local scouts planted trees in parts of the Sanctuary.· Have student volunteers compare the weight of the two grapes in their hands and tell you which feels heavier.· Have a student volunteer pour some water from the thermos into each cup and put a thermometer in it.· Have several student volunteers feel the outsides of the cups. ► work · She had toyed with the idea of doing volunteer work with the homeless, but had done nothing about it.· Many others who have begun volunteer work for the first time say something similar.· The work was totally different to the volunteer work I had done at home and was quite a challenge.· More than half the employees of the publishing company do volunteer work through its Community Connection Program.· Part of our volunteers work is to commend to schools our range of written and audio-visual materials.· Those activities could include attending a literacy program, doing volunteer work, or attending parenting classes.· Sammy is already an accomplished player of the electric organ and looks forward to having more time for this and volunteer work.· With the extra free time, they might do more volunteer work, Jerome said. ► worker · A year after the Darlington Help Furniture project was launched, volunteer workers are still busy organising furniture switches throughout the town.· Help needed: Hartlepool's Citizens Advice Bureau is recruiting volunteer workers.· Joyce Standing, a community centre volunteer worker, said a bus ban would have made life impossible for many residents. VERB► ask · During a lecture to a lay group he asked a volunteer to come to the front and do a reading.· Is it full? 2. Ask a volunteer to add sand to the container of marbles.· I originally saw an advert in the paper asking for volunteers for the hospital radio station.· Ask again how many sides the paper circle has. 4. Ask another student volunteer to cut along the line.· I ask that volunteers should contact me and the steering committee should be non-political.· After firing off a couple of jokes that bomb disastrously, he will ask for a volunteer from the audience.· Worse yet, black and Latino teens were far less likely to be asked to volunteer than whites.· She then asks the volunteer to make a fist and hold her arm out with as much strength as she can muster. ► help · The council race is non-partisan but party affiliation often helps in recruiting volunteers and raising money. ► involve · In April 1982 Cambridgeshire introduced a four-year pilot scheme that involved seven volunteer schools: six secondary, one primary.· He found he enjoyed the buzz of the work and became involved in training other volunteers in the use of computers. ► join · Katharine wants to hear from businesses, Phil wants to hear from anyone interested in joining the volunteer Greenfingers team.· Our low-key departure meant that Joe, Loi, Mark and I could be joined by a fifth volunteer. ► need · We also need volunteers to man/woman these stalls.· The organization needs volunteers who can commit to work in the facility four hours a week.· The tax agency needs volunteers to help answer tax-questions and fill out basic federal and state income tax returns.· The large-scale project needs up to fifteen volunteers at a time, distributed amongst five scientists. ► provide · The aim now is to improve and expand both facilities for passengers and the accommodation the railway provides for volunteers.· Many food banks provide volunteer gleaners, or pickers, who will come to your house to pick the fruit.· We provide volunteer accommodation in our hostel about Llanuwchllyn station and a free hearty lunch is available every day. ► recruit · Just as important, Dwyer launched a major public consultation exercise, recruiting 100 volunteers representing a cross section of the population.· The council race is non-partisan but party affiliation often helps in recruiting volunteers and raising money.· In response to such shortages bureaux may mount campaigns to recruit more volunteers.· The National Lottery may be a catalyst for a change in this attitude, and so might the problems with recruiting volunteers. ► send · It then sent out volunteers every month to rate each of 6, 000 streets. ► train · He found he enjoyed the buzz of the work and became involved in training other volunteers in the use of computers.· They were tough, highly trained volunteers in the Airborne, but some looked very young to me.· After a one-day training program, volunteers help park rangers teach visitors how to tide-pool safely and carefully. Phrases PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► willing helper/volunteer/partner etc Any Texas prisoner who finds a willing partner on the outside is allowed to be married. Find yourself a willing partner and sit facing each other. For example, a teacher who says that she thinks some of the dolls need bathing will soon have some willing helpers. I belong to several organisations, some are small and local who need willing helpers and supporters. Non-horsy spouses and relatives can be trained for this role, but they must be willing helpers! There may be a willing volunteer or a professional person specially appointed, but this may not be easy to find. Why should he bother, when he had a willing partner waiting back in his rooms? You take one pair of ends, your willing helper takes the other, and off you go. Word family WORD FAMILYnounvolunteeradjectivevoluntary ≠ involuntaryverbvolunteeradverbvoluntarily ≠ involuntarily 1someone who does a job willingly without being paid → voluntary:  Most of the relief work was done by volunteers.2someone who is willing to offer help:  I need some volunteers to help with the washing-up.3someone who joins the army, navy, or air force without being forced to → conscript volunteer1 nounvolunteer2 verb volunteervolunteer2 ●●○ AWL verb Verb Table VERB TABLE volunteer Simple Form Present I, you, we, they volunteer he, she, it volunteers Past I, you, he, she, it, we, they volunteered Present perfect I, you, we, they have volunteered he, she, it has volunteered Past perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they had volunteered Future I, you, he, she, it, we, they will volunteer Future perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they will have volunteered Continuous Form Present I am volunteering he, she, it is volunteering you, we, they are volunteering Past I, he, she, it was volunteering you, we, they were volunteering Present perfect I, you, we, they have been volunteering he, she, it has been volunteering Past perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they had been volunteering Future I, you, he, she, it, we, they will be volunteering Future perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they will have been volunteering Examples EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES Andy didn't wait to be drafted - he volunteered. Jill volunteered to go with me to the hospital. No one volunteered for night duty. Will anyone volunteer to help me clean up this mess? EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS A teacher volunteers and works the staff through a brainstorming session, listing all the issues that they feel should be discussed. His wife, Alcestis, volunteers. It also volunteered a fat contribution to the San Diego Host Committee, which helped raise money for the convention. Some areas have volunteer clearing agencies where people wishing to volunteer can register. The girls did not volunteer for the job. We at Downtown News hereby volunteer to print those details if Wells Fargo makes them available. Thesaurus Longman Language Activatorwhen you offer to help► offer to say that you will do something in order to help someone: · She was the kind of teacher who was always ready to offer advice and encouragement.offer to do something: · I offered to help her with the dishes.thanks for offering: · "Do you want me to look after the children next week?" "No, but thanks for offering." ► volunteer to offer to do something, especially something difficult or unpleasant: volunteer to do something: · Jill volunteered to go with me to the hospital.· Will anyone volunteer to help me clean up this mess?volunteer for: · No one volunteered for night duty. ► come forward British to offer to give help, information, money etc, especially after someone has publicly requested something: · The number of operations may have to be limited unless more blood donors come forward.come forward to do something: · None of the parents came forward to help with the school party.come forward with: · The negotiations will come to an end unless someone comes forward with a new proposal. ► let me spoken say this when you are offering to help someone, especially when you want to be kind or friendly to them: · Let me drive you to the station.· Let me give you a hand with that, mate.· Why don't you let me cook dinner tonight? ► can Ido something/would you like me to do something also shall I do something British say this when you are offering to do something for someone: · Can I take your bag - it looks heavy.· Would you like me to mail that letter for you? I'm going into town.· Shall I make a copy for you?· "Can I get you anything else?" the waiter asked. WORD SETS► Military action stations, nounaide-de-camp, nounairborne, adjectiveaircraft carrier, nounairlift, nounallied, adjectivearmour, nounarms control, nounarms race, nounarray, verbassault course, nounAWOL, adjectivebalance of power, nounbandmaster, nounbandsman, nounbase, nounbattle, nounbattle, verbbattle cry, nounbattlefield, nounbattlements, nounbeachhead, nounbivouac, nounblackout, nounblast, verbblitz, nounblockade, nounblockade, verbblockhouse, nounbloodshed, nounbody bag, nounbody count, nounbomb, verbbombard, verbbombardment, nounbomb disposal, nounboot camp, nounbowman, nounbreastplate, nounbridgehead, nounbunker, nouncall-up, nouncannonade, nouncapability, nouncaptain, nouncapture, nouncarrier, nouncashier, verbcenotaph, nounchief of staff, nouncitation, nouncivil defence, nounC.O., nouncommand, nouncommand, verbcommandant, nouncommander, nouncommander in chief, nouncommand post, nouncommissariat, nouncommissary, nouncommission, nouncommissioned officer, nounconquer, verbconquest, nounconscientious objector, nounconscript, verbconscript, nounconscription, nounconvoy, verbcookhouse, nounCorp., corporal, nouncorps, nouncounterinsurgency, nouncounterintelligence, nouncountermand, verbcounter-revolution, nouncourt-martial, nouncourt-martial, verbcross, noundawn raid, noundeath camp, noundemilitarize, verbdemobilize, verbdeploy, verbdetonate, verbdisarm, verbdisarmament, noundispatch, noundraft board, noundraft card, noundraft dodger, noundraftee, noundress uniform, noundrum major, noundump, nounechelon, nounencamp, verbenemy, nounengage, verbengagement, nounenlist, verbenlisted, adjectiveexchange, nounex-serviceman, nounex-servicewoman, nounfield, verbfirst lieutenant, nounfirst strike, nounflak jacket, nounflash, nounfort, nounfortress, nounfoxhole, nounFPO, front, noungas mask, noungeneral headquarters, nounGHQ, nounguardhouse, nounheadquarters, nounhigh command, nounHQ, nounincursion, nounindefensible, adjectiveinsignia, nouninstallation, nouninsubordination, nounintelligence, nouninternment, nouninvade, verbinvader, nouninvasion, nounkit bag, nounKP, nounlieutenant, nounline, nounMaj., major, nounmajor general, nounman, nounmarch, verbmarch, nounmarch-past, nounmarshal, nounmassacre, nounmassacre, verbmess, nounmess, verbmilitarism, nounmilitarized, adjectiveMilitary Academy, nounMilitary Cross, nounmilitary service, nounmilitia, nounmilitiaman, nounminuteman, nounmission, nounMP, nounmutineer, nounmutinous, adjectivemutiny, nounnational service, nounNATO, nounNCO, nounno-man's-land, nounnon-aggression, nounnon-aligned, adjectivenon-combatant, nounobjective, nounobservation post, nounoccupation, nounoccupy, verboffence, nounoffensive, adjectiveoffensive, nounofficer, nounoperation, nounorderly, nounoutflank, verboutpost, nounoverthrow, verboverwhelm, verbpact, nounpadre, nounparade, nounparamilitary, adjectiveparapet, nounpartisan, nounpassword, nounpatrol, nounperilous, adjectiveperiscope, nounpillbox, nounpincer movement, nounpost, verbPOW, nounpre-war, adjectiveprisoner, nounprisoner of war, nounPurple Heart, nounpush, nounputsch, nounPX, nounquarter, verbquartermaster, nounquell, verbR & R, nounraid, nounraid, verbrank, nounrebellion, nounrecapture, verbreconnaissance, nounreconnoitre, verbrecruit, verbrecruit, nounreinforce, verbrelieve, verbRemembrance Day, nounrepel, verbrequisition, verbretake, verbretire, verbretreat, verbretreat, nounreview, nounreview, verbribbon, nounsabre-rattling, nounsally, nounsalute, verbsalute, nounsalvo, nounsamurai, nounscorched earth policy, nounscout, nounscout, verbscramble, verbsecond lieutenant, nounsentinel, nounsentry, nounsentry box, nounsergeant, nounsergeant major, nounserviceman, nounservicewoman, nounSgt., shell, verbshelling, nounsiege, nounskirmish, nounstaff officer, nounstaging area, nounstandard-issue, adjectivestar, nounstation, nounstation, verbstrategic, adjectivestrategist, nounstrategy, nounstripe, nounstronghold, nounsuperpower, nounsuppress, verbsurgical strike, nounsurrender, verbsurrender, nountactical, adjectivetarget, nountarget, verbtask force, nountattoo, nountheatre, nountrench warfare, nountripwire, nountruce, nounturret, noununarmed, adjectiveunoccupied, adjectivevalour, nounveteran, nounvolunteer, nounvolunteer, verbwar chest, nounwar crime, nounwar cry, nounwar dance, nounwar effort, nounwarfare, nounwarhorse, nounwarlike, adjectivewarlord, nounwar memorial, nounwarmonger, nounwarrant officer, nounwarring, adjectivewarrior, nounwar-torn, adjectivewar widow, nounwar zone, nounwounded, adjectivezero hour, noun Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY► volunteered ... services  I volunteered my services as a driver. COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► volunteer for redundancy (=offer to take redundancy)· Nearly 40% of the workforce volunteered for redundancy. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSNOUN► duty · She volunteered for cooking duty at her college, knowing that she could pick at the food without anyone seeing.· Those forced from their homes still were expected to volunteer for civil defense duties.· He had used the police computer network and discovered his wife had volunteered for nursing duty. ► information · It never paid to volunteer information.· Better to let them volunteer information for reasons of their own.· She didn't volunteer any information about where Rohan Saint Yves slept.· Mr James, 61, volunteered the information about his political links.· First, she failed to volunteer any information about the relationship at all.· She'd volunteered the information about Amy's marital relationships.· He sure as hell was not going to volunteer the information.· Tell her to answer Dalgliesh's questions but not to volunteer information, any information. ► job · The girls did not volunteer for the job.· We can stop assuming that women are going to volunteer for the caretaking jobs regardless of how our society treats caretakers.· I was telling Vitalis about the problem when he volunteered to do the job himself. ► school · Moreover, parents are required to volunteer in the school as part of their vocational training for Family Tree.· A total of 10 Conservation Corps volunteers work at the school. ► service · No doubt some of them volunteered for war service a year later.· By nightfall, the private airboat owners who had volunteered their services were asked to go home.· Most of them volunteered for service in Bosnia.· The United States further reserves to these provisions with respect to individuals who volunteer for military service prior to age 18.· Mrs V Hawkins volunteered her services and G. Espin offered to provide street maps. 4.· Nurses volunteer their services when they wish to work and managers engage them at the times required.· Hofmeyr had volunteered his services free of charge. VERB► ask · Dispute about the safety of the operation led to dockers being asked to volunteer for the work of loading the ship. Phrases PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► willing helper/volunteer/partner etc Any Texas prisoner who finds a willing partner on the outside is allowed to be married. Find yourself a willing partner and sit facing each other. For example, a teacher who says that she thinks some of the dolls need bathing will soon have some willing helpers. I belong to several organisations, some are small and local who need willing helpers and supporters. Non-horsy spouses and relatives can be trained for this role, but they must be willing helpers! There may be a willing volunteer or a professional person specially appointed, but this may not be easy to find. Why should he bother, when he had a willing partner waiting back in his rooms? You take one pair of ends, your willing helper takes the other, and off you go. Word family WORD FAMILYnounvolunteeradjectivevoluntary ≠ involuntaryverbvolunteeradverbvoluntarily ≠ involuntarily 1[intransitive, transitive] to offer to do something without expecting any reward, often something that other people do not want to dovolunteer to do something Helen volunteered to have Thanksgiving at her house this year.volunteer for Sidcup volunteered for guard duty. I volunteered my services as a driver.2[transitive] to tell someone something without being asked:  Michael volunteered the information before I had a chance to ask.3[intransitive] to offer to join the army, navy, or air force:  When war broke out, my father volunteered immediately.4[transitive] to say that someone else will do a job even though they may not want to do itvolunteer somebody for something Mum volunteered Dave for washing-up duties.
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