单词 | grind | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 | grind1 verbgrind2 noun grindgrind1 /ɡraɪnd/ ●○○ verb (past tense and past participle ground /ɡraʊnd/) ![]() ![]() MENU FOR grindgrind1 into small pieces2 smooth/sharp3 press4 grind your teeth5 grind to a halt6 perform a movementPhrasal verbsgrind somebody downgrind ongrind something out Word OriginWORD ORIGINgrind1 Verb TableOrigin: Old English grindanVERB TABLE grind
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES Thesaurus
THESAURUS► press Collocations to push something down or against a surface with your fingers or foot: · The doctor gently pressed her stomach.· To move forward, press the accelerator.· I pressed ‘delete’ and started again. ► squeeze to press something inwards from both sides: · It’s one of those balls that make a funny noise when you squeeze it.· Squeeze the lemon and add the juice to the sauce. ► squash to press something against a surface accidentally and damage it by making it flat: · Don’t squash the tomatoes.· He sat on my hat and squashed it. ► crush to press something very hard so that it breaks into very small pieces, or is very badly damaged: · Crush two cloves of garlic.· The front of the car was completely crushed in the crash. ► mash to press cooked vegetables or fruit until they are soft and smooth: · Mash the potatoes while they are warm.· Babies love mashed bananas. ► grind to press something solid until it becomes a powder, using a machine or tool: · the machine that grinds the corn· freshly ground coffee Longman Language Activatorto press something so hard that it breaks, folds, or becomes flat► squash to damage something, especially something soft, by pressing it and making it flat: · Someone sat on my hat and squashed it.· He wouldn't even squash a fly, let alone murder someone.squash something flat: · He squashed the can flat between his hands. ► crush to press something so hard that it gets damaged or broken into pieces: · His leg was crushed in the accident.· Coconuts have to be crushed in order to extract their oil.· He closed his fist over the flower, crushing it into a pulp. ► flatten to squash something until it is completely flat: · He fell against me so heavily I thought he was going to flatten me.· Her little car was completely flattened in the accident. ► mash to press fruit or cooked vegetables with a fork or similar tool, until they are soft and smooth: · Mash the bananas and add them to the mixture.mash something up/mash up something: · Boil the potatoes and then mash them up. ► grind to break something such as coffee beans or corn into powder, using a machine or special tool: · Grind some black pepper over the salad.grind something into something: · These huge stones were once used for grinding wheat into flour. ► pound to press or hit something repeatedly, especially using a tool, so that it breaks into very small pieces or becomes soft or flat: · He pounded some garlic and ginger and put it in the pan.pound something flat: · Here the loose earth had been pounded flat by thousands of feet. ► press to crush a fruit or vegetable using special equipment to remove the juice, oil etc: · Friends come to help us gather the crop and press the grapes.· Enough olives had been gathered and pressed to produce 1000 litres of cooking oil. ► screw up to press a piece of paper or cloth into the shape of a ball: screw up something: · Sally screwed up the letter she was writing and threw it into the wastebasket.screw something/it up: · He screwed his handkerchief up into a ball and put it in his pocket. ► crumple/crumple up to press a piece of paper or cloth so that it becomes smaller or bent: · He crumpled the cheque and threw it across the room.· Crumple up the bedclothes so it looks as though you slept there. when a vehicle stops moving► stop if a vehicle or its driver stops , the vehicle stops moving: · Could you stop just here on the left?· We'd better stop at the next gas station.· A yellow car stopped outside the house. ► pull up if a car or its driver pulls up , the car comes closer to something or someone and stops: pull up at/outside/next to etc: · We pulled up at a small cafe just outside Bordeaux.· A blue van pulled up behind us. ► pull in if a car or its driver pulls in , the driver stops the car at the side of the road or in a parking space: · I rounded the corner, looking for a place to pull in.· Jeff parked in front of the house and I pulled in beside him. ► pull over if a car or its driver pulls over , the driver drives to the side of the road and stops: · A policeman was standing by the side of the road, signalling to me to pull over.· I pulled over and looked at the map.· The truck pulled over and a man got out. ► come to a stop/come to a halt especially written to gradually get slower and then stop: · The taxi came to a stop outside the hotel.· The bus slowed down and came to a halt at some traffic lights.come to a sudden/abrupt halt/stop: · As Jamie spoke, the train came to an abrupt halt, nearly throwing us all on the floor. ► come to a standstill/grind to a halt especially written to gradually get slower and then stop completely - use this about traffic or about a vehicle: · The train came to a standstill about a mile outside Abbeville and didn't move for 20 minutes.· Traffic in the city ground to a halt as the streets filled with angry demonstrators. ► brake if a vehicle or its driver brakes , the driver makes it slow down or stop by using the brakes: · I saw a roadblock ahead, and braked.brake hard/sharply: · A bus came round the corner and braked sharply. ► slam on the brakes to make a car, bus etc stop very suddenly by pressing very hard on the brakes: · I slammed on the brakes, skidding to a stop. WORD SETS► Cookingallspice, nounbake, verbbarbecue, verbbaste, verbblanch, verbboil, verbbottle, verbbouillon cube, nounbraise, verbbreadcrumbs, nounbreaded, adjectivebrine, nounbroil, verbbrown, verbbutter, verbcandied, adjectivecaper, nouncaramel, nouncardamom, nouncarve, verbcasserole, nouncasserole, verbcaster sugar, nouncharbroil, verbchervil, nounchestnut, nounchicory, nounchill, verbchilli powder, nounchip, verbcilantro, nouncinnamon, nounclean, verbclove, nouncochineal, nouncoconut, nouncook, verbcook, nouncookbook, nouncookery, nouncookery book, nouncordon bleu, adjectivecore, verbcoriander, nouncream, verbcrisp, verbcube, verbculinary, adjectivecumin, nouncurry powder, noundeep fry, verbdessertspoon, noundevilled, adjectivedice, verbdone, adjectivedress, verbessence, nounfat, nounflambé, adjectiveflan, nounflavouring, nounflour, nounflour, verbfrost, verbfrosting, nounfry, verbglaze, verbglaze, noungourmet, adjectivegourmet, noungrate, verbgrease, noungrease, verbgreaseproof paper, noungrill, verbgrill, noungrind, verbgut, verbhard-boiled, adjectivehaute cuisine, nounhob, nounhull, verbhusk, verbice, verbicebox, nounicing, nounicing sugar, nouningredient, nounjoint, verbknead, verblard, nounlard, verbleaven, nounliquidize, verbmarinade, nounmarinate, verbmarjoram, nounmicrowave, verbmince, verbmincer, nounmint, nounmix, verbmix, nounnouvelle cuisine, nounnutmeg, nounoil, nounolive oil, nounoverdone, adjectiveparboil, verbpare, verbpickle, verbpipe, verbpit, verbpitted, adjectivepkt, pluck, verbplum tomato, nounpoach, verbprecooked, adjectivepreheat, verbprep, verbprove, verbrecipe, nounreduce, verbrice paper, nounrind, nounrise, verbroast, verbroast, nounroast, adjectiverosemary, nounroux, nounsaffron, nounsage, nounsalt, nounsalt, verbsauce, nounsausage meat, nounsauté, verbsavory, nounscalloped, adjectivesear, verbseason, verbseasoning, nounself-raising flour, nounself-rising flour, nounsesame, nounshell, verbshortening, nounshort-order cook, nounshuck, verbsieve, verbsift, verbsifter, nounsimmer, verbsimmer, nounskewer, verbsmoke, verbsoak, verbsoda, nounsodium bicarbonate, nounspice, nounspice, verbspicy, adjectivestarch, nounsteam, verbsteep, verbstew, verbstock, nounstone, verbstrain, verbstuff, verbstuffing, nounsunny-side up, adjectivesweat, verbsweet-and-sour, adjectiveTabasco, nountandoori, adjectivetarragon, nountbsp, teaspoon, nountenderize, verbtenderloin, nountextured vegetable protein, nounthaw, verbthyme, nountimer, nountoast, nountoast, verbtoss, verbtruss, verbtsp, turmeric, noununderdone, adjectivevinaigrette, nounvinegar, nounwhip, verbwhisk, verbyeast, nounzap, verbzest, noun COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY► freshly ground Phrases![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() (=the people who prepare an airplane to fly)· The ground crew were refueling the plane. ► a cricket field/ground/pitch (=area of ground where cricket is played)· the school cricket field ► ground-in dirt (=difficult to remove because people have walked over something)· He had a lot of trouble getting rid of the ground-in dirt from the carpet. ► a ground-floor/first-floor/second-floor etc flat· We’re moving into a first-floor flat. ► hill/sea/ground fog· Rain was forecast, along with hill fog. ► a football ground/stadium (=a place where football is played)· Hundreds of fans were making their way towards the football ground. ► ground frost (=frost that forms only on the ground)· Scotland should have a dry night, with a touch of ground frost in northern glens. ► crunch/grind the gears (=change gear in a way that makes an unpleasant noise)· He crunched the gears into reverse. ► lay down/establish ground rules for something![]() ![]() (=something stops very slowly – used for emphasis)· Just ahead, he could see traffic grinding to a halt. ► a grinding halt (=one that happens slowly – used for emphasis)· One accident can bring the whole road system to a grinding halt. ► moral high ground![]() ![]() (=extremely severe)· He was shocked by the abject poverty that he saw. ► razed to the ground![]() ![]() British English (=rent paid to the owner of the land that a house, office etc is built on)· There is an additional ground rent of £30 per month. ► rocky ground![]() ![]() ![]() · The village has its own sports field. ► Drive ... stakes into the ground![]() informal (=suit someone very well)· Country life suits you down to the ground. ► threw ... to the ground![]() (also gnash your teeth literary) (=move them against each other because you are angry)· Kate ground her teeth in helpless rage. ► ground troops· The advancing ground troops were provided with substantial air support. ► ground warfare (=fighting on the ground, rather than in the air or on the sea)· Ground warfare took a heavy toll in casualties. ► waterlogged ground/soil![]() ![]() ![]() · Secondly, the royal corpse was mangled; it had been in the hands of embalmers and above ground for four years. ► away· I fitted the brackets in their pairs to the top rails, grinding away the point on a plate sander. ► below· You were below ground when it happened.· I had to go below ground to an office where I spoke to a policeman.· Far below ground in the anticline were the Millstone Grits and even deeper were the Carboniferous Limestones.· The water rises, the heat is transferred to heat exchangers and the water then returns below ground to be reheated. ► down· One of the colliding plates crumples upwards and then grinds down, sliding beneath the onrush of the other.· The screams were ground down by the second strike.· Flake or pellets can be ground down fine enough even for a dwarf cichlids using a coffee grinder.· She laughed, squirmed free, grinding down on him smugly.· Grandad has responded by playing for time, hoping that Mr Putin will be ground down by office.· After being ground down by a rude customer and an unsympathetic boss, they might give shoddy service to good customers.· Provided you were not ground down by illness or poverty.· This is known as ground down by the system. ► finely· In the early days ordinary mill-stones were used as the clinker was soft and the cement need not be finely ground.· Pimientos become paprika when dried and finely ground.· As production methods improved the clinker produced was harder and the cement had to be more finely ground.· The finely ground nuts got lost in the batter.· Scattering may be a problem unless the sample is very finely ground. ► freshly· Add the mascarpone Reheat, adding the mascarpone and correcting the seasoning with salt and freshly ground black pepper.· Drizzle with a tablespoon or so of olive oil and season with salt and freshly ground black pepper.· The coffee proved to be filtered and freshly ground, something he had not expected.· Place freshly ground coffee in cereal bowls inside the refrigerator for several days.· Add the fresh thyme, stirring to combine, and season with salt and freshly ground black pepper. ► home· Stick to jazz, home ground.· She has picked home ground and imposed the tutorial format on him. ► on· Meanwhile, a war that has cost at least 500,000 lives grinds on, reducing average life expectancy to just 42 years.· Well, grinds on, actually.· Events therefore ground on with what appeared to be a tragic inevitability.· Committee meetings ground on, with no results. ► out· Coolly Adam ground out his cigarette on the hearth.· Geological features ground out by ancient glaciers are seen overlaid by the scars of recent wind erosion.· He ground out the cigarette and watched her, the burning need in him too fierce to ignore.· One day the assembly line is grinding out station wagons or Styrofoam, the next day jeeps or Plexiglas.· For the next five years, until his death in 1953, he ground out anodyne pieces.· He ground out his cigarette and glared at Litchfield. ► slowly· Instead of finding sudden problems you might find that progress slowly grinds to a halt.· The tiny pens, scrawling in palsied traces on endless white ribbons of paper, slowly ground to a halt.· Traditionally, grain was ground slowly between huge stones.· Larry moved her to Beaumont, Texas, where his jealousy and possessive ways slowly ground her down.· I radioed for clearance and ground slowly down the runway.· The co-op went bankrupt during the Great Depression, said Gross, and maintenance slowly ground to a halt. ► up· This alarm sounds like a gigantic pencil-sharpener grinding up something awful.· But when they're to be ground up for fish meal it makes no difference.· The truck was grinding up the steep, dark road while I looked up to the stars in the clear alpine air.· The camera plane was grinding up in a labouring climb, turning to present the smallest target.· There, the rubber will be ground up and used to make asphalt, drip-irrigation pipes and other commodities, he said.· Over the winter the distinctive bare earth is ground up and massed into sharp ruts by tractor tyres. NOUN► cigarette· He ground his cigarette underfoot and walked slowly towards the Fiat.· He grinds the cigarette into the gravel with his heel and puts his other hand on the handlebar.· Coolly Adam ground out his cigarette on the hearth.· He ground out his cigarette and glared at Litchfield.· He ground out the cigarette and watched her, the burning need in him too fierce to ignore. ► flour· Simply grinding your own flour will not guarantee good bread if you have chosen the wrong type of wheat. ► gear· A truck, far off, grinds gears and whines, coming slowly closer.· On Capitol Hill, the Republican revolution seems to be grinding its gears. ► halt· But low hydrogen yields and poisoned catalysts soon had these systems grinding to a halt.· It seemed as though things had ground to a halt in there.· Treasury yield drops However, the rally in U. S. Treasuries ground to a halt.· The tiny pens, scrawling in palsied traces on endless white ribbons of paper, slowly ground to a halt.· When the Meuse river flooded in 1995, the factory ground to a halt.· He is extremely serious, speaks slowly-almost grinding to a complete halt at times-and is not exactly the happy optimist.· The incident occurred on lap 50, by which time Mansell had already ground to a halt with no gears.· The co-op went bankrupt during the Great Depression, said Gross, and maintenance slowly ground to a halt. ► pepper· Add the mascarpone Reheat, adding the mascarpone and correcting the seasoning with salt and freshly ground black pepper.· Add coarse salt and freshly ground black pepper. ► powder· But I can tell you that it contains plants' leaves and roots ground into powder.· The seeds are often ground and the resulting powder is a basic ingredient of curry spice mix.· In the brewery the malt is ground into a coarse powder called grist. ► tooth· With a start he realized they were his teeth and he was grinding them. VERB► cover· Airy, instantly accessible but surprisingly subtle music covering ground between modem mainstream and bebop and featuring Barnes alongside trumpeter Adams.· It covers much more ground than mooching. PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► grind your teeth 1into small pieces [transitive] a) (also grind up) to break something such as corn or coffee beans into small pieces or powder, either in a machine or between two hard surfaces:
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() grind1 verbgrind2 noun grindgrind2 noun ![]() ![]() EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES Thesaurus
Longman Language Activatorunpleasant or boring work► grind Collocations things that you have to do every day, especially as part of your job, which are boring and make you feel tired: grind of: · Work feels like such a grind lately.· The relentless grind of hard labour and ill-health had taken its toll on Booth. the daily grind: · The daily grind of meetings and tutorials went on.hard grind British: · The Prime Minister is pictured taking a break from the hard grind of political life. ► be a slog British use this to say that work is difficult, boring, and tiring: · The journey across the valley to the farm is going to be a slog.hard/long slog: · It's a hard slog isn't it? I wish we'd got further yesterday.· Cutting all the wood before nightfall was a long, hard slog. ► donkey work British /grunt work American informal work that is boring or takes a lot of time and effort, but that has to be done as part of a job or larger piece of work: · I was doing grunt work for the secretary in the department, twenty hours a week.· The real donkey work was actually done by those guys. ► drudgery work that is hard and unpleasant because it is very boring, takes a long time to do, and often involves a lot of physical effort: · Technological advances have taken much of the drudgery out of the assembly line and car plant.· What seemed a promising job turned into months of boredom and drudgery.the drudgery of something: · The data management system has eliminated much of the drudgery of filing.· Calculators were introduced to relieve students of the drudgery of pencil-and-paper number-crunching. ► toil formal difficult and boring work that takes a long time: · Here began their arduous toil to force a living from the land.· man's desire for freedom from physical toil WORD SETS► Educationabsenteeism, nounacademic, adjectiveacademy, nounadult education, nounalma mater, nounassessment, nounassessor, nounassignment, nounaudiovisual, adjectiveAV, binder, nounbiology, nounblackboard, nounbursary, nounbusiness studies, nounCAL, nounCALL, nouncareer counselor, nouncareers officer, nouncase study, nounCDT, nouncert., certificate, nouncertificated, adjectivechalkboard, nouncharm school, nounchemistry set, nouncivics, nounclass, nounclassicist, nounclassmate, nouncloze test, nouncoach, nouncoeducation, nouncollege, nouncollegiate, adjectivecommon room, nouncomprehension, nouncomprehensive, adjectivecomputer-literate, adjectivecomputer science, nouncontinuing education, nouncorrespondence course, nouncoursebook, nouncoursework, nouncrash course, nouncredit, nouncrib, verbcross, nouncurriculum, nounD, noundiploma, noundirect method, nounDirector of Studies, noundissect, verbdistance learning, noundistinction, noundo, verbdropout, noundyslexia, nounedify, verbedifying, adjectiveeducate, verbeducational, adjectiveeducationalist, nouneducator, nounEFL, nounELT, nounESL, nounESOL, nounESP, nounessay, nounevening class, nounexam, nounexamination, nounexamine, verbexercise, nounexercise book, nounexternal, adjectiveextracurricular, adjectiveF, fail, nounfellowship, nounfield, nounfield day, nounfield trip, nounfieldwork, nounflashcard, nounflip chart, nounflunk, verbfree period, nounfresher, nounfreshman, nounfurther education, nounglobe, noungoverness, noungrade, verbgraded, adjectivegrade point average, noungrind, nounheuristic, adjectivehistory, nounimmersion, nounineducable, adjectiveinfirmary, nounintake, nounintelligence quotient, nouninterdisciplinary, adjectiveintroductory, adjectiveinvigilate, verbIQ, nounjanitor, nounlearning curve, nounlesson, nounletter, nounletter, verbliberal arts, nounlibrarian, nounlibrary, nounlife science, nounmainstream, adjectivemasterclass, nounmatron, nounmedia studies, nounmnemonic, nounmoderate, verbmoderator, nounmodular, adjectivemodule, nounmultiple choice, adjectivenight school, nounnumerate, adjectiveopen house, nounoral, nounoverqualified, adjectivepapier mâché, nounpass, verbpass, nounpastoral, adjectivepedagogical, adjectivepedagogue, nounpedagogy, nounphonics, nounphrasebook, nounphysical education, nounpicture book, nounplacement, nounplaytime, nounpoli sci, nounpolitical science, nounpolitics, nounprincipal, nounprize day, nounproblem, nounproctor, nounprogrammed learning, nounprotégé, nounquad, nounqualification, nounqualify, verbquick, adjectiverector, nounre-educate, verbrefectory, nounreference, nounreference library, nounrequirement, nounresearch, nounresearch, verbresit, verbresource, nounresult, nounresume, nounretake, verbretake, nounreunion, nounreview, verbrevise, verbrevision, nounrole-play, nounrote, nounscholar, nounscholarship, nounscholastic, adjectiveschool, nounscience, nounscript, nounself-taught, adjectiveset, verbspeciality, nounspelling bee, nounstandard, adjectivestate school, nounstudent body, nounstudent government, nounstudent loan, nounstudent teaching, nounstudent union, nounstudy, verbstudy hall, nounsub, nounsummer holidays, nounsummer vacation, nounsuperintendent, nounteacher, nounteaching, nountechie, nounterm, nounterm paper, nounTESL, nounTESOL, nountext, nountextbook, nountick, nountick, verbtimetable, nountimetable, verbtranscript, nountrimester, nountruancy, nountuition, nountutor, nountutor, verbunderclassman, noununit, noununseen, nounvisual aid, nounvocational, adjectivewhiteboard, nounworkbook, nounworksheet, nounX, nounyearbook, noun COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY► daily grind Phrases![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() (=the people who prepare an airplane to fly)· The ground crew were refueling the plane. ► a cricket field/ground/pitch (=area of ground where cricket is played)· the school cricket field ► ground-in dirt (=difficult to remove because people have walked over something)· He had a lot of trouble getting rid of the ground-in dirt from the carpet. ► a ground-floor/first-floor/second-floor etc flat· We’re moving into a first-floor flat. ► hill/sea/ground fog· Rain was forecast, along with hill fog. ► a football ground/stadium (=a place where football is played)· Hundreds of fans were making their way towards the football ground. ► ground frost (=frost that forms only on the ground)· Scotland should have a dry night, with a touch of ground frost in northern glens. ► crunch/grind the gears (=change gear in a way that makes an unpleasant noise)· He crunched the gears into reverse. ► lay down/establish ground rules for something![]() ![]() (=something stops very slowly – used for emphasis)· Just ahead, he could see traffic grinding to a halt. ► a grinding halt (=one that happens slowly – used for emphasis)· One accident can bring the whole road system to a grinding halt. ► moral high ground![]() ![]() (=extremely severe)· He was shocked by the abject poverty that he saw. ► razed to the ground![]() ![]() British English (=rent paid to the owner of the land that a house, office etc is built on)· There is an additional ground rent of £30 per month. ► rocky ground![]() ![]() ![]() · The village has its own sports field. ► Drive ... stakes into the ground![]() informal (=suit someone very well)· Country life suits you down to the ground. ► threw ... to the ground![]() (also gnash your teeth literary) (=move them against each other because you are angry)· Kate ground her teeth in helpless rage. ► ground troops· The advancing ground troops were provided with substantial air support. ► ground warfare (=fighting on the ground, rather than in the air or on the sea)· Ground warfare took a heavy toll in casualties. ► waterlogged ground/soil![]() ![]() ![]() PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► have an axe to grind► boots on the ground► common ground 1[singular] something that is hard work and physically or mentally tiring:
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