单词 | former |
释义 | former1 adjectiveformer2 noun formerfor‧mer1 /ˈfɔːmə $ ˈfɔːrmər/ ●●● S2 W1 adjective [only before noun] ![]() ![]() WORD ORIGINformer1 ExamplesOrigin: 1100-1200 forme ‘first’ (12-16 centuries), from Old English formaEXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES Thesaurus
THESAURUSthe one before this one► last Collocations most recent or nearest to the present time: · His last film was much better.· It rained all day last Saturday.· The last time I saw her was two years ago. ► previous [only before noun] before this one, or before the one that you are talking about: · See the diagram in the previous chapter.· His previous records had all been jazz records.· How much were you earning in your previous job? ► former [only before noun] formal existing or having a particular position in the past, but not now: · the former Soviet Union· the former US president· Interest rates are unlikely to return to their former level.· the former Chief Executive ► old [only before noun] used about a person or thing that existed in the past, but has been replaced by a newer one: · an old boyfriend· The old model was much slower. ► previous [only before noun] used when talking about a person, thing, time etc before the one that you are talking about now: · The car’s previous owner didn’t take very good care of it.· Please ignore my previous instructions.· The temperature is higher than in previous years. ► last [only before noun] used when talking about the one that you had just before now, or the one that existed just before now: · The last apartment we lived in was much smaller than this one.· Ben’s last girlfriend was a teacher.· Beth broke up with her last boyfriend because he drank too much. ► old [only before noun] used when talking about people you knew or things you had in the past, or about things that existed in the past and have been replaced by newer things: · I never liked my old boss.· I saw Phil with one of my old girlfriends.· The new stadium is much bigger than the old one.· He was my old maths teacher. ► preceding [only before noun] formal coming just before the time or thing you have just mentioned, or before the part of a book where you are now: · There were fewer crimes compared to the preceding year.· The author dealt with this subject in the preceding chapters of the book.· In the preceding section of the poem, Whitman is talking about how important it is to live in the present. ► former [only before noun] formal used to describe someone or something that used to have a particular job or position but does not anymore: · her former husband· the former US president· Kyoto was the former capital of Japan. ► ex-wife/boyfriend/soldier etc someone who used to be someone’s wife, used to be a soldier etc, but is not anymore: · Her dad’s an ex-policeman.· Lydia is still friends with her ex-husband. ► the one before the person or thing that existed before the one you have just mentioned: · I didn’t enjoy Spielberg’s last film but I thought the one before was all right.· Each year, the convention is a little larger than the one before. Longman Language Activatorsomeone or something that existed before or that you had before► previous the previous person or thing is the one that existed just before now or before the time you are talking about: · The car's previous owner didn't take very good care of it.· Please ignore my previous instructions. ► last the last thing or person is the one that you had just before now, or the one that existed just before now: · The last apartment we lived in was much smaller than this one.· Beth broke up with her last boyfriend because he drank too much. ► ex-: ex-wife/ex-boyfriend/ex-soldier etc someone who used to be someone's wife, used to be a soldier etc, but is not any more: · Her dad's an ex-policeman.· Lydia is still friends with her ex-husband. ► old: somebody's old job/car/girlfriend/boss etc the job, car etc that someone had before the one they have now: · The new stadium is much bigger than the old one.· I saw Phil with one of my old girlfriends.· We all liked the old teacher better. ► the one before the person or thing that existed before the one you have just mentioned: · I didn't enjoy Spielberg's last film but I thought the one before was all right.· Each year, the convention is a little larger than the one before. ► former formal use this especially to talk about someone who used to have a particular job or position but does not any more: · Her former husband now lives in Houston.· Weinberger was an advisor to former president Ronald Reagan. ► predecessor formal someone's predecessor is the person who had the same job before them: · Vandenberg has been a more active director than his predecessor.· Sally's predecessor had warned her about Nick, one of the company vice-presidents. ► precursor formal someone whose ideas or style are later used by another more famous person, or an organization, movement or machine that later develops into one that is more important: precursor of/to: · The abacus was the precursor of the modern electronic calculator.· The Office of Strategic Services was the precursor of the CIA. ► forerunner the first person, organization, machine etc that existed before the one that exists now and that the one that exists now is based on: forerunner of: · The P-50 is a forerunner of today's supersonic jet.· Hansen played in the American Basketball League, a forerunner of the NBA. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY► be a shadow/ghost of your former self Phrases (=be much less confident, healthy, energetic etc than you used to be) COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► a former champion![]() · The former champion suffered a bad defeat. ► a former employee· The company is being sued by three former employees. ► former partners![]() ![]() ![]() PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► in former times/years 1happening or existing before, but not now → present, previous:
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() former1 adjectiveformer2 noun formerformer2 noun ![]() ![]() EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS Collocations
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► a former champion Phrases· The former champion suffered a bad defeat. ► a former employee· The company is being sued by three former employees. ► former partners![]() ![]() ![]() · A former employee recalled Reynolds giving a $ 50, 000 Lincoln to his elderly father, who could not drive.· Kirkpatrick, a former employee, robbed the store of about $ 650.· Product liability At issue is a General Motors deal with a former employee to keep him from testifying against the company. ► member· A former member, Moya Dodd, puts it simply: money and fame.· Pete Wilson, a former member of the Senate.· But it was Mr Samaranch, 81, a former member of Franco's govern ment, who dominated proceedings.· To be successful, a former member must have served on an influential committee and acquired expertise on controversial issues.· Sutro, a former member of the Federal Trade Commission, which has ruled on antitrust issues.· She is a former member of the city Planning Commission. PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► the former 1the former formal the first of two people or things that you have just mentioned OPP the latter:
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