英语词汇“ulcer”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

WORD ORIGINulcer

Origin:

1300-1400 Latin ulcus

EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES

a stomach ulcer

EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS

From these findings, it can be suggested that pepsinogen genes are involved in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer.
In our previous study, the ratio of gastric to duodenal ulcers was 1.69 in Kinki district where Kyoto Prefecture is located.
Nevertheless, the data suggest that if levels were more accurate they would have been lower in the peptic ulcer group.
The finding of enhanced fasting gastrin concentrations in H pylori positive subjects and in duodenal ulcer disease can not easily be explained.
There are many models of duodenal ulcer - do we need a new one?
Treatment failure was defined as evidence by endoscopy of a recurrent duodenal ulcer crater.

WORD SETS► Illness & Disability

abscess, nounache, verbache, nounacne, nounagoraphobia, nounagoraphobic, nounague, noun-aholic, suffixAIDS, nounailment, nounairsick, adjectivealbino, nounalcoholic, nounalcoholism, nounallergic, adjectiveallergy, nounamnesia, nounamputee, nounanaemia, nounanaemic, adjectiveangina, nounanorexia, nounanorexic, adjectiveantacid, nounanthrax, nounantibody, nounantidepressant, nounantidote, nounantigen, nounantihistamine, nounanti-inflammatory, adjectiveantitoxin, nounapoplectic, adjectiveapoplexy, nounappendicitis, nounarteriosclerosis, nounarthritis, nounaseptic, adjectiveaspirin, nounasthma, nounastigmatism, nounasymptomatic, adjectiveathlete's foot, nounatrophy, verbauto-immune disease, nounAyurvedic medicine, nounbaby blues, nounbacillus, nounbackache, nounbark, verbbattle fatigue, nounBCG, nounbedridden, adjectivebedsore, nounbed-wetting, nounbellyache, nounbenign, adjectiveberiberi, nounbespectacled, adjectivebetter, adjectivebilious, adjectivebinge, verbbiopsy, nounbirthmark, nounbite, verbbite, nounblack and blue, adjectiveBlack Death, the, black eye, nounblackout, nounbleed, verbbleeding, nounblind, verbblister, nounblister, verbblood bank, nounblood donor, nounblood poisoning, nounbloodshot, adjectiveblood transfusion, nounbloody, adjectivebloody, verbblue baby, nounboil, nounbotulism, nounbrain damage, nounbreakdown, nounbronchitis, nounbruise, nounbruise, verbBSE, nounbubonic plague, nounbug, nounbulimia, nounbump, nounbunion, nounbuzz, verbcalloused, adjectivecallus, nouncancer, nouncandida, nouncanker, nouncarbuncle, nouncarcinogen, nouncarcinogenic, adjectivecarcinoma, nouncardiac, adjectivecardiovascular, adjectivecaries, nouncarpal tunnel syndrome, nouncarrier, nouncarry, verbcarsick, adjectivecast, nouncasualty, nouncataract, nouncatarrh, nouncatatonic, adjectivecatching, adjectivecauliflower ear, nouncerebral palsy, nouncertify, verbcervical smear, nounchapped, adjectivecharley horse, nounchemotherapy, nounchesty, adjectivechicken pox, nounchilblains, nounChinese medicine, nouncholera, nounchronic, adjectivecirrhosis, nounCJD, nouncleanse, verbcleft palate, nounclinic, nounclinical, adjectiveclub foot, nouncold, nouncold sore, nouncolic, nouncolitis, nouncollapse, verbcolour-blind, adjectivecoma, nouncommon cold, nouncommon denominator, nouncommunicate, verbcomplaint, nouncomplicate, verbcomplication, nouncompound fracture, nounconcuss, verbconcussion, nouncondition, nouncongenital, adjectivecongested, adjectiveconjunctivitis, nounconstipation, nounconsumption, nounconsumptive, nouncontagion, nouncontagious, adjectivecontinent, adjectivecontract, verbcontusion, nounconvalesce, verbconvulsion, nouncorn, nouncortisone, nouncot death, nouncough, nounCPR, nouncrack-up, nouncramp, nounCreutzfeldt-Jakob disease, nouncrick, nouncrick, verbcripple, nouncripple, verbcross-eyed, adjectivecroup, nouncurable, adjectivecut, nouncyst, nouncystic fibrosis, nouncystitis, noundecompression sickness, noundeep vein thrombosis, noundeformity, noundegenerative, adjectivedehydrate, verbdelirious, adjectivedelirium, noundelusion, noundementia, noundengue fever, noundepression, noundermatitis, noundiabetes, noundiabetic, adjectivediabetic, noundiagnosis, noundialysis, noundiaper rash, noundiarrhoea, noundiphtheria, noundisability, noundisable, verbdisabled, adjectivedischarge, verbdisease, noundisgorge, verbdislocate, verbdisorder, noundissipated, adjectivedissipation, noundistemper, noundistend, verbdizzy, adjectivedoddering, adjectivedoddery, adjectivedonate, verbdonor, noundouble vision, noundoughy, adjectivedown, adverbDown's syndrome, noundrawn, adjectivedressing, noundrinker, noundrunk, adjectivedrunk, noundrunken, adjectivedull, adjectivedumb, adjectiveDVT, noundysentery, noundyslexia, noundyspepsia, noundyspeptic, adjectiveearache, nouneating disorder, nounEbola, nounectopic pregnancy, nouneczema, nounemaciated, adjectiveemasculate, verbembolism, nounemphysema, nounencephalitis, nounendoscope, nounenervate, verbenteritis, nounepidemic, nounepilepsy, nounepileptic, adjectiveepileptic, nounetiology, nounexcruciating, adjectiveexposure, nouneyeless, adjectiveeye strain, nounfail, verbfaint, nounfester, verbfever, nounfever blister, nounfevered, adjectivefeverish, adjectivefirst aid, nounfit, nounflat feet, nounflat-footed, adjectiveflu, nounfood poisoning, nounfoot and mouth disease, nounfracture, verbfracture, nounfrostbite, noungall, noungammy, adjectiveganglion, noungangrene, noungas, noungash, noungastric, adjectivegastritis, noungastroenteritis, nounGerman measles, nounget, verbgingivitis, nounglandular fever, nounglaucoma, noungnarled, adjectivegonorrhea, noungout, noungrand mal, noungraze, verbgraze, noungriping, adjectivegroggy, adjectivegrowing pains, noungrowth, noungush, verbgynaecology, nounhacking cough, nounhaemophilia, nounhaemophiliac, nounhaemorrhage, nounhaemorrhage, verbhaemorrhoids, nounhalitosis, nounhandicap, nounhandicapped, adjectivehangover, nounhard of hearing, adjectiveharelip, nounhay fever, nounheadache, nounhealth, nounheart attack, nounheartburn, nounheart disease, nounheart failure, nounheat exhaustion, nounheat rash, nounheatstroke, nounheave, verbhepatitis, nounhernia, nounherpes, nounHIV, nounhormone replacement therapy, nounhospital, nounhospitalize, verbhot flush, nounhousebound, adjectiveHRT, nounhump, nounhumpback, nounhunchback, nounhungover, adjectivehydrophobia, nounhypertension, nounhypothermia, nounhysterectomy, nounhysteria, nounhysterical, adjectiveillness, nounimmune, adjectiveimmune system, nounimmunity, nounimmunize, verbimmunology, nounimpacted, adjectiveimpediment, nounimpetigo, nounimpotent, adjectiveincision, nounincontinent, adjectiveincubate, verbincurable, adjectiveindigestion, nounindisposed, adjectiveindisposition, nouninfantile, adjectiveinfantile paralysis, nouninfect, verbinfected, adjectiveinfection, nouninfectious, adjectiveinfirmity, nouninflammation, nouninflammatory, adjectiveinfluenza, nouninfusion, nouningrowing, adjectiveinoculate, verbinoperable, adjectiveinsane, adjectiveinsanity, nouninsomnia, nouninsomniac, nouninstability, nounintensive care, nounintravenous, adjectiveinvalid, nouninvalidity, nouninvasive, adjectiveirregular, adjectiveirritable bowel syndrome, nounirritant, nounirritate, verbirritated, adjectiveirritation, noun-ism, suffixisolation, nounjaundice, nounjaundiced, adjectivejet lag, nounknock-kneed, adjectiveknotted, adjectivelaceration, nounlaryngitis, nounlegionnaire's disease, nounleper, nounleprosy, nounlesion, nounleukemia, nounlisp, nounlisteria, nounliverish, adjectivelockjaw, nounlong-sighted, adjectiveloose, adjectivelozenge, nounlumbago, nounlunacy, nounLyme disease, nounmad cow disease, nounmalady, nounmalaise, nounmalaria, nounmalformation, nounmalignancy, nounmalignant, adjectivemalnourished, adjectivemalnutrition, nounmange, nounmangy, adjectivemania, nounmanic, adjectivemanic depression, nounmastitis, nounME, nounmeasles, nounmedicinal, adjectivemegalomania, nounmegalomaniac, nounmelancholia, nounmelancholic, adjectivemelanoma, nounmend, verbmeningitis, nounmentally handicapped, adjectivemigraine, nounmild, adjectivemiscarriage, nounmole, nounmongol, nounmono, nounmononucleosis, nounmorbid, adjectivemorning sickness, nounmoron, nounmotion sickness, nounmotor neurone disease, nounMRI, nounMRSA, nounMS, nounmultiple sclerosis, nounmumps, nounmurmur, nounmusclebound, adjectivemuscular dystrophy, nounmute, adjectivemute, nounmyopia, nounmyopic, adjectivemyxomatosis, nounnarcolepsy, nounnausea, nounnauseate, verbnauseous, adjectivenearsighted, adjectivenervous breakdown, nounnettle rash, nounneuralgia, nounneurosis, nounneurotic, adjectivenosebleed, nounnotifiable, adjectiveNSU, nounobesity, nounoff-colour, adjectiveoperate, verboperation, nounophthalmic, adjectiveophthalmology, noun-osis, suffixosteoarthritis, nounosteopathy, nounosteoporosis, nounoutpatient, nounoverbite, nounpacemaker, nounpaediatrics, nounpale, adjectivepallid, adjectivepallor, nounpalpitate, verbpalpitations, nounpalsy, nounpandemic, nounparalyse, verbparalysed, adjectiveparalysis, nounparalytic, adjectiveparalytic, nounparanoia, nounparaplegia, nounparaplegic, nounparasitic, adjectiveParkinson's disease, nounparoxysm, nounpasty, adjectivepasty-faced, adjectivepathogen, nounpathological, adjectivepathology, nounpeaked, adjectivepeaky, adjectivepellagra, nounpeptic ulcer, nounperforated, adjectiveperiod pain, nounperitonitis, nounpernicious anaemia, nounpersecution complex, nounpestilence, nounpestilential, adjectivepetit mal, nounpharyngitis, nounphlebitis, nounphlegm, noun-phobic, suffixphysiotherapy, nounpigeon-toed, adjectivepins and needles, nounplacebo, nounplague, nounplaque, nounplaster cast, nounpleurisy, nounPMS, nounPMT, nounpneumonia, nounpockmark, nounpockmarked, adjectivepoisoning, nounpolio, nounpolyp, nounpoor, adjectivepost-traumatic stress disorder, nounpremenstrual tension, nounprescribe, verbprescription, nounpreventive medicine, nounprickle, verbprickly heat, nounprognosis, nounprolapse, nounprophylactic, adjectiveprophylactic, nounprophylaxis, nounpsoriasis, nounpsychopath, nounpsychosis, nounpsychosomatic, adjectivepsychotic, adjectivepuffy, adjectivepull, verbpurulent, adjectivepus, nounpustule, nounqueasy, adjectiverabid, adjectiverabies, nounradiation sickness, nounradiography, nounrash, nounraw, adjectivereact, verbreaction, nounreceive, verbrecuperate, verbrecuperative, adjectiveregurgitate, verbrelapse, verbremission, nounrepetitive strain injury, nounresistance, nounrespond, verbretch, verbRhesus factor, nounrheumatic, adjectiverheumatic fever, nounrheumatism, nounrheumatoid arthritis, nounrickets, nounringworm, nounRSI, nounrubella, nounrun-down, adjectiverunny, adjectiverupture, nounsaddle-sore, adjectivesalmonella, nounscab, nounscabby, adjectivescabies, nounscald, verbscald, nounscaly, adjectivescar, nounscar, verbscarlet fever, nounschizophrenia, nounsciatica, nounsclerosis, nounscrape, verbscrape, nounscratch, nounscurvy, nounseasick, adjectiveseizure, nounself-examination, nounsenile, adjectivesenile dementia, nounsenseless, adjectivesepsis, nounseptic, adjectivesepticaemia, nounserum, nounset, verbsexually transmitted disease, nounshell shock, nounshell-shocked, adjectiveshingles, nounshock, nounshort-sighted, adjectivesickle-cell anaemia, nounsickly, adjectivesickness, nounside effect, nounsightless, adjectivesimple fracture, nounsleeping sickness, nounslipped disc, nounsmallpox, nounsnakebite, nounsnow blindness, nounsore, adjectivesore, nounspastic, adjectivespecial needs, nounspecimen, nounspina bifida, nounsprain, verbsputum, nounsquint, verbsquint, nounstammer, nounstarvation, nounstarve, verbSTD, nounstomachache, nounstone, nounstrain, nounstrain, verbstrangulated, adjectivestrep throat, nounstroke, nounsty, nounsuccumb, verbsufferer, nounsunstroke, nounsuperbug, nounsurgical, adjectiveswelling, nounswollen, adjectivesymptom, nounsymptomatic, adjectivesyndrome, nounsyphilis, nounTB, nountear, verbtetanus, nountherapeutic, adjectivetherapy, nounthrombosis, nounthrush, nountic, nountight, adjectivetingle, verbtinnitus, nountipsy, adjectivetonsillitis, nountoothache, nountorment, nountourniquet, nountoxaemia, nountoxic shock syndrome, nountraction, nountransfusion, nountrauma, nountravel sickness, nountreatment, nountremor, nountuberculosis, nountumour, nountunnel vision, nountwinge, nountwitch, nountyphoid, nountyphus, nounulcer, nounulcerate, verbultrasound, noununderweight, adjectiveundressed, adjectiveunhealthy, adjectiveuntreated, adjectivevaccinate, verbvaccine, nounvaricose veins, nounVD, nounvenereal disease, nounverruca, nounvertigo, nounviral, adjectivevirology, nounvirulent, adjectivevomit, verbvomit, nounwart, nounweak, adjectiveweal, nounweep, verbwheeze, verbwheeze, nounwheezy, adjectivewhiplash, nounwhooping cough, nounwind, nounwithered, adjectivewound, nounwrench, verbwriter's cramp, nounyaws, nounyeast infection, nounyellow fever, noun

COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► a stomach ulcer

· Too much stress can cause stomach ulcers.

COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► active

· We conducted such a study in patients with active duodenal ulcer disease.· Endoscopy in the nine H pylori positive non-uraemic patients showed oesophagitis in one patient and active duodenal ulcer in another.

► chronic

· The relationship between these alterations, hypergastrinaemia and chronic ulcer disease has also been suggested.· Models of mucosal damage in which a noxious agent such as ethanol is employed are simply not relevant to chronic duodenal ulcer.· The main, unsolved clinical problem is chronic duodenal ulcer.· No other model of chronic ulcer shows such morphological and behavioural similarity to the human duodenal ulcer.· Indeed, there were fewer patients than expected taking NSAIDs, perhaps since intake had been reduced because of chronic duodenal ulcer disease.

► duodenal

· The finding of enhanced fasting gastrin concentrations in H pylori positive subjects and in duodenal ulcer disease can not easily be explained.· Treatment failure was defined as evidence by endoscopy of a recurrent duodenal ulcer crater.· Lysolecithin was the smallest component in the duodenal ulcer and chronic atrophic gastritis groups.· Five patients had additional selective gastric vagotomy because of excessive gastric acid or a history of duodenal ulcer.· H pylori was not examined because its importance in duodenal ulcer disease was not widely recognised when this study was being planned.· Discussion Duodenal ulcer disease has traditionally been associated with excess secretion of gastric acid.· The main, unsolved clinical problem is chronic duodenal ulcer.· Phosphatidylglycerol was detectable in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis, but not in controls or in patients with duodenal ulcer.

► gastric

· In contrast, there is still a considerable dearth of knowledge on the post-therapeutic course of gastric ulcer disease.· These results suggest that the loss of intercellular communication mediated by gap junctions may be associated with the recurrence of gastric ulcers.· Deadly nightshade, laburnum and curare are all extremely poisonous and peppermint oil can cause gastric ulcers.· In our previous study, the ratio of gastric to duodenal ulcers was 1.69 in Kinki district where Kyoto Prefecture is located.· Bonnevie reported that the incidence rate of duodenal ulcer was four times higher than that of gastric ulcer in Copenhagen County.· Eighty unrelated controls, 61 patients with gastric ulcer, and 57 patients with duodenal ulcer were studied.· Therefore, additional evidence clearly pointing to a causal relation between H pylori infection and gastric ulcer disease has to be provided.· Thus, in addition to duodenal ulcer disease, H pylori eradication may also cure gastric ulcer disease.

► peptic

· Eight hundred and ninety eight patients had peptic ulcers.· Endoscopic injection, however, is still the most convenient and cost effective means for the arrest of peptic ulcer haemorrhage.· Some degree of heterogeneity has already been shown in peptic ulcer disease.· Nevertheless, the data suggest that if levels were more accurate they would have been lower in the peptic ulcer group.· From these findings, it can be suggested that pepsinogen genes are involved in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer.· Bismuth has also become popular in recent years as a treatment in peptic ulcer to eradicate Helicobacter pylori.· A slight shift in the age distribution would be expected because of the increasing prevalence of non-operated peptic ulcer patients in the population.

► positive

· Results Eighty three patients with H pylori positive gastric ulcers entered the study.

► pylori

· Results Eighty three patients with H pylori positive gastric ulcers entered the study.

► recurrent

· Interestingly, gap junctions in patients with recurrent ulcer were much fewer than in patients with first onset ulcer.· Often there is a family history of recurrent ulcers in the parents as well.· Treatment failure was defined as evidence by endoscopy of a recurrent duodenal ulcer crater.· The herpes simplex virus can also cause recurrent ulcers.· Eight patients had a past history of recurrent peptic ulcers or gastritis.

NOUN► disease

· Some degree of heterogeneity has already been shown in peptic ulcer disease.· The relationship between these alterations, hypergastrinaemia and chronic ulcer disease has also been suggested.· This study examined whether the phospholipid composition of the full thickness gastric mucosa is changed in peptic ulcer disease and gastritis.· We conducted such a study in patients with active duodenal ulcer disease.· The finding of enhanced fasting gastrin concentrations in H pylori positive subjects and in duodenal ulcer disease can not easily be explained.· Epigastric pain is uncommon and concurrent peptic ulcer disease may lead to an incorrect diagnosis.· H pylori was not examined because its importance in duodenal ulcer disease was not widely recognised when this study was being planned.· In addition, peptic ulcer disease represents a heterogeneous group of disorders attributable to a variety of genetic and environmental causes.

► drug

· In 1989-90, the prevalence of use of peptic ulcer drugs was 1.3% in men and 1.2% in women.· And for some women, the ulcer drug Tagamet also exacerbates the problem, making alcohol dehydrogenase even less active.· It was not attempted to correct the estimated prevalences for the under registration of ulcer drug users by probably 10%.

► healing

· A history of prior slow ulcer healing.· Risk factors for delayed duodenal ulcer healing are mentioned in all textbooks as important considerations in the management of duodenal ulcer disease.· Despite numerous published reports, however, the most important risk factors associated with delayed ulcer healing are still undefined.· In addition, H pylori eradication speeds up ulcer healing and is associated with healing of previously refractory ulcers.· At the first, two week follow up appointment, endoscopy to assess ulcer healing was obligatory.

► leg

· As far as wound cleansing is concerned, 93 percent of leg ulcers were managed in line with research recommendations and no nurses currently used hypochlorites.· Illustrates the increased proportion of women with leg ulcers in the higher age groups.· Also, all clients appeared positive about their progress and their leg ulcers rapidly reduced in size.· The nurses made approximately 41 visits a day to clients with leg ulcers.· After all, leg ulcers are overwhelmingly a nursing problem.· Community-based clinics, such as Aldershot Health Centre, can provide complete care for leg ulcers.

► mouth

· People in Wigtown suffered diarrhoea, sickness and mouth ulcers.· Joe began to suffer from mouth ulcers.· It will also help to heal mouth ulcers and prevent the onset of gingivitis.· Sharp teeth can cause terrible ulcers and anyone who has had a mouth ulcer himself will know what agony they can be.· There may be a dry burning sensation; a dry mouth, ropy mucus, mouth ulcers.

► patient

· Duodenal ulcer patients were asked to stop any antisecretory treatment two weeks before the secretory studies.· The exaggerated acid response to gastrin can be explained by the increased parietal cell mass present in duodenal ulcer patients.· A slight shift in the age distribution would be expected because of the increasing prevalence of non-operated peptic ulcer patients in the population.· There was no significant difference in phospholipid composition between antral and duodenal sites in duodenal ulcer patients.· After eradication of H pylori in the duodenal ulcer patients both their basal acid output and basal gastrin fell by 50%.· Pepsin measurements were not performed in two of the 10 duodenal ulcer patients after treatment.· Kothary etal have reported that terminally extended forms of gastrin in conjunction with G14 are more prevalent in duodenal ulcer patients.· Therefore, we decided to compare gap junctions between gastric surface mucous cells of gastric ulcer patients with those of healthy volunteers.

► recurrence

· H pylori infection was a strong predictor of ulcer recurrences.· A more accurate analysis of ulcer recurrence can be derived using lifetable analysis.· All patients had a history of ulcer recurrence confirmed by endoscopy.· This finding provides support for the belief that adequate treatment of H pylori infection will give longterm protection from duodenal ulcer recurrence.

► relapse

· All endoscopically proved ulcer relapses were then registered.· The aim of our study was to find out if the more potent prokinetic drug cisapride could prevent duodenal ulcer relapse.

► stomach

· He's said to be acutely depressed, and is also thought to have a stomach ulcer.· Uncle Hal was an authority on many things, including stomach ulcers.· Nausea and vomiting, stomach ulcers, frequent indigestion, loss of appetite.· Very late in life, bald with worry and eaten by a stomach ulcer, her father became a dentist.

VERB► associate

· These findings suggest that loss of intercellular communication via gap junctions is associated with gastric ulcer formation.

► cause

· Its bite produces a worm which swells up the blood vessels, causing ulcers and, in the worst cases, blindness.· The herpes simplex virus can also cause recurrent ulcers.· Deadly nightshade, laburnum and curare are all extremely poisonous and peppermint oil can cause gastric ulcers.· The Eurythmics rocker has been in pain for two months with colitis, a disease which causes ulcers in the intestine.· Sharp teeth can cause terrible ulcers and anyone who has had a mouth ulcer himself will know what agony they can be.· Physically it is costly because it has been proven to cause ulcers, arthritis and all sorts of other conditions.

► develop

· At the time of killing most tumours had developed central ulcers with loss of tumour volume.· As expected, the rats who developed ulcers were primarily the ones who secreted the most pepsinogen.· If you have many whorls, few loops, patterned palms the chances are you will develop duodenal ulcers.· If they are preoccupied with the wound, they may develop ulcer dressing rituals and interfere with the prescribed treatment.· Only a minority of patients infected with H pylori will eventually develop a duodenal ulcer.· The first hint of a problem came when he developed a small ulcer on his tongue in 1990.

► heal

· It will also help to heal mouth ulcers and prevent the onset of gingivitis.· Their wiping out would merely free the individual from anxiety, heal his ulcer, lighten his step, brighten his eye.

► suffer

· All carriers of the bacterium, however, do not suffer from duodenal ulcer.· He always drank tea in the morning, and she, suffering from an ulcer, always drank hot chocolate.· Everyone has heard of stressed executives who suffer peptic ulcers and ulcerative colitis.· Joe began to suffer from mouth ulcers.· If you think you may be suffering from an ulcer, see your doctor immediately.

► treat

· Expected sale: $ 3, 500 or the cost of treating an ulcer, whichever is greater.

单词	ulcer
释义	ulcerul‧cer /ˈʌlsə $ -ər/ ●○○ noun [countable] Word Origin WORD ORIGINulcer Origin: 1300-1400 Latin ulcus Examples EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES a stomach ulcer EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS From these findings, it can be suggested that pepsinogen genes are involved in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer. In our previous study, the ratio of gastric to duodenal ulcers was 1.69 in Kinki district where Kyoto Prefecture is located. Nevertheless, the data suggest that if levels were more accurate they would have been lower in the peptic ulcer group. The finding of enhanced fasting gastrin concentrations in H pylori positive subjects and in duodenal ulcer disease can not easily be explained. There are many models of duodenal ulcer - do we need a new one? Treatment failure was defined as evidence by endoscopy of a recurrent duodenal ulcer crater. word sets WORD SETS► Illness & Disability abscess, nounache, verbache, nounacne, nounagoraphobia, nounagoraphobic, nounague, noun-aholic, suffixAIDS, nounailment, nounairsick, adjectivealbino, nounalcoholic, nounalcoholism, nounallergic, adjectiveallergy, nounamnesia, nounamputee, nounanaemia, nounanaemic, adjectiveangina, nounanorexia, nounanorexic, adjectiveantacid, nounanthrax, nounantibody, nounantidepressant, nounantidote, nounantigen, nounantihistamine, nounanti-inflammatory, adjectiveantitoxin, nounapoplectic, adjectiveapoplexy, nounappendicitis, nounarteriosclerosis, nounarthritis, nounaseptic, adjectiveaspirin, nounasthma, nounastigmatism, nounasymptomatic, adjectiveathlete's foot, nounatrophy, verbauto-immune disease, nounAyurvedic medicine, nounbaby blues, nounbacillus, nounbackache, nounbark, verbbattle fatigue, nounBCG, nounbedridden, adjectivebedsore, nounbed-wetting, nounbellyache, nounbenign, adjectiveberiberi, nounbespectacled, adjectivebetter, adjectivebilious, adjectivebinge, verbbiopsy, nounbirthmark, nounbite, verbbite, nounblack and blue, adjectiveBlack Death, the, black eye, nounblackout, nounbleed, verbbleeding, nounblind, verbblister, nounblister, verbblood bank, nounblood donor, nounblood poisoning, nounbloodshot, adjectiveblood transfusion, nounbloody, adjectivebloody, verbblue baby, nounboil, nounbotulism, nounbrain damage, nounbreakdown, nounbronchitis, nounbruise, nounbruise, verbBSE, nounbubonic plague, nounbug, nounbulimia, nounbump, nounbunion, nounbuzz, verbcalloused, adjectivecallus, nouncancer, nouncandida, nouncanker, nouncarbuncle, nouncarcinogen, nouncarcinogenic, adjectivecarcinoma, nouncardiac, adjectivecardiovascular, adjectivecaries, nouncarpal tunnel syndrome, nouncarrier, nouncarry, verbcarsick, adjectivecast, nouncasualty, nouncataract, nouncatarrh, nouncatatonic, adjectivecatching, adjectivecauliflower ear, nouncerebral palsy, nouncertify, verbcervical smear, nounchapped, adjectivecharley horse, nounchemotherapy, nounchesty, adjectivechicken pox, nounchilblains, nounChinese medicine, nouncholera, nounchronic, adjectivecirrhosis, nounCJD, nouncleanse, verbcleft palate, nounclinic, nounclinical, adjectiveclub foot, nouncold, nouncold sore, nouncolic, nouncolitis, nouncollapse, verbcolour-blind, adjectivecoma, nouncommon cold, nouncommon denominator, nouncommunicate, verbcomplaint, nouncomplicate, verbcomplication, nouncompound fracture, nounconcuss, verbconcussion, nouncondition, nouncongenital, adjectivecongested, adjectiveconjunctivitis, nounconstipation, nounconsumption, nounconsumptive, nouncontagion, nouncontagious, adjectivecontinent, adjectivecontract, verbcontusion, nounconvalesce, verbconvulsion, nouncorn, nouncortisone, nouncot death, nouncough, nounCPR, nouncrack-up, nouncramp, nounCreutzfeldt-Jakob disease, nouncrick, nouncrick, verbcripple, nouncripple, verbcross-eyed, adjectivecroup, nouncurable, adjectivecut, nouncyst, nouncystic fibrosis, nouncystitis, noundecompression sickness, noundeep vein thrombosis, noundeformity, noundegenerative, adjectivedehydrate, verbdelirious, adjectivedelirium, noundelusion, noundementia, noundengue fever, noundepression, noundermatitis, noundiabetes, noundiabetic, adjectivediabetic, noundiagnosis, noundialysis, noundiaper rash, noundiarrhoea, noundiphtheria, noundisability, noundisable, verbdisabled, adjectivedischarge, verbdisease, noundisgorge, verbdislocate, verbdisorder, noundissipated, adjectivedissipation, noundistemper, noundistend, verbdizzy, adjectivedoddering, adjectivedoddery, adjectivedonate, verbdonor, noundouble vision, noundoughy, adjectivedown, adverbDown's syndrome, noundrawn, adjectivedressing, noundrinker, noundrunk, adjectivedrunk, noundrunken, adjectivedull, adjectivedumb, adjectiveDVT, noundysentery, noundyslexia, noundyspepsia, noundyspeptic, adjectiveearache, nouneating disorder, nounEbola, nounectopic pregnancy, nouneczema, nounemaciated, adjectiveemasculate, verbembolism, nounemphysema, nounencephalitis, nounendoscope, nounenervate, verbenteritis, nounepidemic, nounepilepsy, nounepileptic, adjectiveepileptic, nounetiology, nounexcruciating, adjectiveexposure, nouneyeless, adjectiveeye strain, nounfail, verbfaint, nounfester, verbfever, nounfever blister, nounfevered, adjectivefeverish, adjectivefirst aid, nounfit, nounflat feet, nounflat-footed, adjectiveflu, nounfood poisoning, nounfoot and mouth disease, nounfracture, verbfracture, nounfrostbite, noungall, noungammy, adjectiveganglion, noungangrene, noungas, noungash, noungastric, adjectivegastritis, noungastroenteritis, nounGerman measles, nounget, verbgingivitis, nounglandular fever, nounglaucoma, noungnarled, adjectivegonorrhea, noungout, noungrand mal, noungraze, verbgraze, noungriping, adjectivegroggy, adjectivegrowing pains, noungrowth, noungush, verbgynaecology, nounhacking cough, nounhaemophilia, nounhaemophiliac, nounhaemorrhage, nounhaemorrhage, verbhaemorrhoids, nounhalitosis, nounhandicap, nounhandicapped, adjectivehangover, nounhard of hearing, adjectiveharelip, nounhay fever, nounheadache, nounhealth, nounheart attack, nounheartburn, nounheart disease, nounheart failure, nounheat exhaustion, nounheat rash, nounheatstroke, nounheave, verbhepatitis, nounhernia, nounherpes, nounHIV, nounhormone replacement therapy, nounhospital, nounhospitalize, verbhot flush, nounhousebound, adjectiveHRT, nounhump, nounhumpback, nounhunchback, nounhungover, adjectivehydrophobia, nounhypertension, nounhypothermia, nounhysterectomy, nounhysteria, nounhysterical, adjectiveillness, nounimmune, adjectiveimmune system, nounimmunity, nounimmunize, verbimmunology, nounimpacted, adjectiveimpediment, nounimpetigo, nounimpotent, adjectiveincision, nounincontinent, adjectiveincubate, verbincurable, adjectiveindigestion, nounindisposed, adjectiveindisposition, nouninfantile, adjectiveinfantile paralysis, nouninfect, verbinfected, adjectiveinfection, nouninfectious, adjectiveinfirmity, nouninflammation, nouninflammatory, adjectiveinfluenza, nouninfusion, nouningrowing, adjectiveinoculate, verbinoperable, adjectiveinsane, adjectiveinsanity, nouninsomnia, nouninsomniac, nouninstability, nounintensive care, nounintravenous, adjectiveinvalid, nouninvalidity, nouninvasive, adjectiveirregular, adjectiveirritable bowel syndrome, nounirritant, nounirritate, verbirritated, adjectiveirritation, noun-ism, suffixisolation, nounjaundice, nounjaundiced, adjectivejet lag, nounknock-kneed, adjectiveknotted, adjectivelaceration, nounlaryngitis, nounlegionnaire's disease, nounleper, nounleprosy, nounlesion, nounleukemia, nounlisp, nounlisteria, nounliverish, adjectivelockjaw, nounlong-sighted, adjectiveloose, adjectivelozenge, nounlumbago, nounlunacy, nounLyme disease, nounmad cow disease, nounmalady, nounmalaise, nounmalaria, nounmalformation, nounmalignancy, nounmalignant, adjectivemalnourished, adjectivemalnutrition, nounmange, nounmangy, adjectivemania, nounmanic, adjectivemanic depression, nounmastitis, nounME, nounmeasles, nounmedicinal, adjectivemegalomania, nounmegalomaniac, nounmelancholia, nounmelancholic, adjectivemelanoma, nounmend, verbmeningitis, nounmentally handicapped, adjectivemigraine, nounmild, adjectivemiscarriage, nounmole, nounmongol, nounmono, nounmononucleosis, nounmorbid, adjectivemorning sickness, nounmoron, nounmotion sickness, nounmotor neurone disease, nounMRI, nounMRSA, nounMS, nounmultiple sclerosis, nounmumps, nounmurmur, nounmusclebound, adjectivemuscular dystrophy, nounmute, adjectivemute, nounmyopia, nounmyopic, adjectivemyxomatosis, nounnarcolepsy, nounnausea, nounnauseate, verbnauseous, adjectivenearsighted, adjectivenervous breakdown, nounnettle rash, nounneuralgia, nounneurosis, nounneurotic, adjectivenosebleed, nounnotifiable, adjectiveNSU, nounobesity, nounoff-colour, adjectiveoperate, verboperation, nounophthalmic, adjectiveophthalmology, noun-osis, suffixosteoarthritis, nounosteopathy, nounosteoporosis, nounoutpatient, nounoverbite, nounpacemaker, nounpaediatrics, nounpale, adjectivepallid, adjectivepallor, nounpalpitate, verbpalpitations, nounpalsy, nounpandemic, nounparalyse, verbparalysed, adjectiveparalysis, nounparalytic, adjectiveparalytic, nounparanoia, nounparaplegia, nounparaplegic, nounparasitic, adjectiveParkinson's disease, nounparoxysm, nounpasty, adjectivepasty-faced, adjectivepathogen, nounpathological, adjectivepathology, nounpeaked, adjectivepeaky, adjectivepellagra, nounpeptic ulcer, nounperforated, adjectiveperiod pain, nounperitonitis, nounpernicious anaemia, nounpersecution complex, nounpestilence, nounpestilential, adjectivepetit mal, nounpharyngitis, nounphlebitis, nounphlegm, noun-phobic, suffixphysiotherapy, nounpigeon-toed, adjectivepins and needles, nounplacebo, nounplague, nounplaque, nounplaster cast, nounpleurisy, nounPMS, nounPMT, nounpneumonia, nounpockmark, nounpockmarked, adjectivepoisoning, nounpolio, nounpolyp, nounpoor, adjectivepost-traumatic stress disorder, nounpremenstrual tension, nounprescribe, verbprescription, nounpreventive medicine, nounprickle, verbprickly heat, nounprognosis, nounprolapse, nounprophylactic, adjectiveprophylactic, nounprophylaxis, nounpsoriasis, nounpsychopath, nounpsychosis, nounpsychosomatic, adjectivepsychotic, adjectivepuffy, adjectivepull, verbpurulent, adjectivepus, nounpustule, nounqueasy, adjectiverabid, adjectiverabies, nounradiation sickness, nounradiography, nounrash, nounraw, adjectivereact, verbreaction, nounreceive, verbrecuperate, verbrecuperative, adjectiveregurgitate, verbrelapse, verbremission, nounrepetitive strain injury, nounresistance, nounrespond, verbretch, verbRhesus factor, nounrheumatic, adjectiverheumatic fever, nounrheumatism, nounrheumatoid arthritis, nounrickets, nounringworm, nounRSI, nounrubella, nounrun-down, adjectiverunny, adjectiverupture, nounsaddle-sore, adjectivesalmonella, nounscab, nounscabby, adjectivescabies, nounscald, verbscald, nounscaly, adjectivescar, nounscar, verbscarlet fever, nounschizophrenia, nounsciatica, nounsclerosis, nounscrape, verbscrape, nounscratch, nounscurvy, nounseasick, adjectiveseizure, nounself-examination, nounsenile, adjectivesenile dementia, nounsenseless, adjectivesepsis, nounseptic, adjectivesepticaemia, nounserum, nounset, verbsexually transmitted disease, nounshell shock, nounshell-shocked, adjectiveshingles, nounshock, nounshort-sighted, adjectivesickle-cell anaemia, nounsickly, adjectivesickness, nounside effect, nounsightless, adjectivesimple fracture, nounsleeping sickness, nounslipped disc, nounsmallpox, nounsnakebite, nounsnow blindness, nounsore, adjectivesore, nounspastic, adjectivespecial needs, nounspecimen, nounspina bifida, nounsprain, verbsputum, nounsquint, verbsquint, nounstammer, nounstarvation, nounstarve, verbSTD, nounstomachache, nounstone, nounstrain, nounstrain, verbstrangulated, adjectivestrep throat, nounstroke, nounsty, nounsuccumb, verbsufferer, nounsunstroke, nounsuperbug, nounsurgical, adjectiveswelling, nounswollen, adjectivesymptom, nounsymptomatic, adjectivesyndrome, nounsyphilis, nounTB, nountear, verbtetanus, nountherapeutic, adjectivetherapy, nounthrombosis, nounthrush, nountic, nountight, adjectivetingle, verbtinnitus, nountipsy, adjectivetonsillitis, nountoothache, nountorment, nountourniquet, nountoxaemia, nountoxic shock syndrome, nountraction, nountransfusion, nountrauma, nountravel sickness, nountreatment, nountremor, nountuberculosis, nountumour, nountunnel vision, nountwinge, nountwitch, nountyphoid, nountyphus, nounulcer, nounulcerate, verbultrasound, noununderweight, adjectiveundressed, adjectiveunhealthy, adjectiveuntreated, adjectivevaccinate, verbvaccine, nounvaricose veins, nounVD, nounvenereal disease, nounverruca, nounvertigo, nounviral, adjectivevirology, nounvirulent, adjectivevomit, verbvomit, nounwart, nounweak, adjectiveweal, nounweep, verbwheeze, verbwheeze, nounwheezy, adjectivewhiplash, nounwhooping cough, nounwind, nounwithered, adjectivewound, nounwrench, verbwriter's cramp, nounyaws, nounyeast infection, nounyellow fever, noun Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► a stomach ulcer · Too much stress can cause stomach ulcers. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► active · We conducted such a study in patients with active duodenal ulcer disease.· Endoscopy in the nine H pylori positive non-uraemic patients showed oesophagitis in one patient and active duodenal ulcer in another. ► chronic · The relationship between these alterations, hypergastrinaemia and chronic ulcer disease has also been suggested.· Models of mucosal damage in which a noxious agent such as ethanol is employed are simply not relevant to chronic duodenal ulcer.· The main, unsolved clinical problem is chronic duodenal ulcer.· No other model of chronic ulcer shows such morphological and behavioural similarity to the human duodenal ulcer.· Indeed, there were fewer patients than expected taking NSAIDs, perhaps since intake had been reduced because of chronic duodenal ulcer disease. ► duodenal · The finding of enhanced fasting gastrin concentrations in H pylori positive subjects and in duodenal ulcer disease can not easily be explained.· Treatment failure was defined as evidence by endoscopy of a recurrent duodenal ulcer crater.· Lysolecithin was the smallest component in the duodenal ulcer and chronic atrophic gastritis groups.· Five patients had additional selective gastric vagotomy because of excessive gastric acid or a history of duodenal ulcer.· H pylori was not examined because its importance in duodenal ulcer disease was not widely recognised when this study was being planned.· Discussion Duodenal ulcer disease has traditionally been associated with excess secretion of gastric acid.· The main, unsolved clinical problem is chronic duodenal ulcer.· Phosphatidylglycerol was detectable in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis, but not in controls or in patients with duodenal ulcer. ► gastric · In contrast, there is still a considerable dearth of knowledge on the post-therapeutic course of gastric ulcer disease.· These results suggest that the loss of intercellular communication mediated by gap junctions may be associated with the recurrence of gastric ulcers.· Deadly nightshade, laburnum and curare are all extremely poisonous and peppermint oil can cause gastric ulcers.· In our previous study, the ratio of gastric to duodenal ulcers was 1.69 in Kinki district where Kyoto Prefecture is located.· Bonnevie reported that the incidence rate of duodenal ulcer was four times higher than that of gastric ulcer in Copenhagen County.· Eighty unrelated controls, 61 patients with gastric ulcer, and 57 patients with duodenal ulcer were studied.· Therefore, additional evidence clearly pointing to a causal relation between H pylori infection and gastric ulcer disease has to be provided.· Thus, in addition to duodenal ulcer disease, H pylori eradication may also cure gastric ulcer disease. ► peptic · Eight hundred and ninety eight patients had peptic ulcers.· Endoscopic injection, however, is still the most convenient and cost effective means for the arrest of peptic ulcer haemorrhage.· Some degree of heterogeneity has already been shown in peptic ulcer disease.· Nevertheless, the data suggest that if levels were more accurate they would have been lower in the peptic ulcer group.· From these findings, it can be suggested that pepsinogen genes are involved in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer.· Bismuth has also become popular in recent years as a treatment in peptic ulcer to eradicate Helicobacter pylori.· A slight shift in the age distribution would be expected because of the increasing prevalence of non-operated peptic ulcer patients in the population. ► positive · Results Eighty three patients with H pylori positive gastric ulcers entered the study. ► pylori · Results Eighty three patients with H pylori positive gastric ulcers entered the study. ► recurrent · Interestingly, gap junctions in patients with recurrent ulcer were much fewer than in patients with first onset ulcer.· Often there is a family history of recurrent ulcers in the parents as well.· Treatment failure was defined as evidence by endoscopy of a recurrent duodenal ulcer crater.· The herpes simplex virus can also cause recurrent ulcers.· Eight patients had a past history of recurrent peptic ulcers or gastritis. NOUN► disease · Some degree of heterogeneity has already been shown in peptic ulcer disease.· The relationship between these alterations, hypergastrinaemia and chronic ulcer disease has also been suggested.· This study examined whether the phospholipid composition of the full thickness gastric mucosa is changed in peptic ulcer disease and gastritis.· We conducted such a study in patients with active duodenal ulcer disease.· The finding of enhanced fasting gastrin concentrations in H pylori positive subjects and in duodenal ulcer disease can not easily be explained.· Epigastric pain is uncommon and concurrent peptic ulcer disease may lead to an incorrect diagnosis.· H pylori was not examined because its importance in duodenal ulcer disease was not widely recognised when this study was being planned.· In addition, peptic ulcer disease represents a heterogeneous group of disorders attributable to a variety of genetic and environmental causes. ► drug · In 1989-90, the prevalence of use of peptic ulcer drugs was 1.3% in men and 1.2% in women.· And for some women, the ulcer drug Tagamet also exacerbates the problem, making alcohol dehydrogenase even less active.· It was not attempted to correct the estimated prevalences for the under registration of ulcer drug users by probably 10%. ► healing · A history of prior slow ulcer healing.· Risk factors for delayed duodenal ulcer healing are mentioned in all textbooks as important considerations in the management of duodenal ulcer disease.· Despite numerous published reports, however, the most important risk factors associated with delayed ulcer healing are still undefined.· In addition, H pylori eradication speeds up ulcer healing and is associated with healing of previously refractory ulcers.· At the first, two week follow up appointment, endoscopy to assess ulcer healing was obligatory. ► leg · As far as wound cleansing is concerned, 93 percent of leg ulcers were managed in line with research recommendations and no nurses currently used hypochlorites.· Illustrates the increased proportion of women with leg ulcers in the higher age groups.· Also, all clients appeared positive about their progress and their leg ulcers rapidly reduced in size.· The nurses made approximately 41 visits a day to clients with leg ulcers.· After all, leg ulcers are overwhelmingly a nursing problem.· Community-based clinics, such as Aldershot Health Centre, can provide complete care for leg ulcers. ► mouth · People in Wigtown suffered diarrhoea, sickness and mouth ulcers.· Joe began to suffer from mouth ulcers.· It will also help to heal mouth ulcers and prevent the onset of gingivitis.· Sharp teeth can cause terrible ulcers and anyone who has had a mouth ulcer himself will know what agony they can be.· There may be a dry burning sensation; a dry mouth, ropy mucus, mouth ulcers. ► patient · Duodenal ulcer patients were asked to stop any antisecretory treatment two weeks before the secretory studies.· The exaggerated acid response to gastrin can be explained by the increased parietal cell mass present in duodenal ulcer patients.· A slight shift in the age distribution would be expected because of the increasing prevalence of non-operated peptic ulcer patients in the population.· There was no significant difference in phospholipid composition between antral and duodenal sites in duodenal ulcer patients.· After eradication of H pylori in the duodenal ulcer patients both their basal acid output and basal gastrin fell by 50%.· Pepsin measurements were not performed in two of the 10 duodenal ulcer patients after treatment.· Kothary etal have reported that terminally extended forms of gastrin in conjunction with G14 are more prevalent in duodenal ulcer patients.· Therefore, we decided to compare gap junctions between gastric surface mucous cells of gastric ulcer patients with those of healthy volunteers. ► recurrence · H pylori infection was a strong predictor of ulcer recurrences.· A more accurate analysis of ulcer recurrence can be derived using lifetable analysis.· All patients had a history of ulcer recurrence confirmed by endoscopy.· This finding provides support for the belief that adequate treatment of H pylori infection will give longterm protection from duodenal ulcer recurrence. ► relapse · All endoscopically proved ulcer relapses were then registered.· The aim of our study was to find out if the more potent prokinetic drug cisapride could prevent duodenal ulcer relapse. ► stomach · He's said to be acutely depressed, and is also thought to have a stomach ulcer.· Uncle Hal was an authority on many things, including stomach ulcers.· Nausea and vomiting, stomach ulcers, frequent indigestion, loss of appetite.· Very late in life, bald with worry and eaten by a stomach ulcer, her father became a dentist. VERB► associate · These findings suggest that loss of intercellular communication via gap junctions is associated with gastric ulcer formation. ► cause · Its bite produces a worm which swells up the blood vessels, causing ulcers and, in the worst cases, blindness.· The herpes simplex virus can also cause recurrent ulcers.· Deadly nightshade, laburnum and curare are all extremely poisonous and peppermint oil can cause gastric ulcers.· The Eurythmics rocker has been in pain for two months with colitis, a disease which causes ulcers in the intestine.· Sharp teeth can cause terrible ulcers and anyone who has had a mouth ulcer himself will know what agony they can be.· Physically it is costly because it has been proven to cause ulcers, arthritis and all sorts of other conditions. ► develop · At the time of killing most tumours had developed central ulcers with loss of tumour volume.· As expected, the rats who developed ulcers were primarily the ones who secreted the most pepsinogen.· If you have many whorls, few loops, patterned palms the chances are you will develop duodenal ulcers.· If they are preoccupied with the wound, they may develop ulcer dressing rituals and interfere with the prescribed treatment.· Only a minority of patients infected with H pylori will eventually develop a duodenal ulcer.· The first hint of a problem came when he developed a small ulcer on his tongue in 1990. ► heal · It will also help to heal mouth ulcers and prevent the onset of gingivitis.· Their wiping out would merely free the individual from anxiety, heal his ulcer, lighten his step, brighten his eye. ► suffer · All carriers of the bacterium, however, do not suffer from duodenal ulcer.· He always drank tea in the morning, and she, suffering from an ulcer, always drank hot chocolate.· Everyone has heard of stressed executives who suffer peptic ulcers and ulcerative colitis.· Joe began to suffer from mouth ulcers.· If you think you may be suffering from an ulcer, see your doctor immediately. ► treat · Expected sale: $ 3, 500 or the cost of treating an ulcer, whichever is greater. a sore area on your skin or inside your body that may bleed or produce poisonous substances: stomach ulcers—ulcerous adjective
随便看	unanticipated unapologetic unappealing unappetizing unapproachable unarguable unarguably unarmed unashamed unashamedly unasked unasked-for unassailable unassuming unattached unattainable unattended unattractive unattractively unauthorized unavailable unavailing unavoidable unavoidably unaware