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单词 exist
释义
existex‧ist /ɪɡˈzɪst/ ●●● S2 W1 verb [intransitive] Word Origin
WORD ORIGINexist
Origin:
1600-1700 Latin exsistere ‘to come into being, exist’, from sistere ‘to stand’
Verb Table
VERB TABLE
exist
Simple Form
PresentI, you, we, theyexist
he, she, itexists
PastI, you, he, she, it, we, theyexisted
Present perfectI, you, we, theyhave existed
he, she, ithas existed
Past perfectI, you, he, she, it, we, theyhad existed
FutureI, you, he, she, it, we, theywill exist
Future perfectI, you, he, she, it, we, theywill have existed
Examples
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES
  • Do you think ghosts really exist?
  • Only about 50 Florida panthers are believed to exist.
  • Poor families in our city are barely able to exist during the winter.
  • The blue whale is the largest creature that has ever existed on earth.
  • There now exists a significant body of scientific research on the subject.
  • We can't continue to pretend that the problem of homelessness doesn't exist in this city.
EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS
  • A large body of theory and no small degree of controversy exist relative to the treatment of uncertainty.
  • Although a total prohibition exists for the third category above, special circumstances may exist for the first two services.
  • Just when did this revolution occur and in fact did information exist before its arrival in electronic form?
  • Once again, in other words, Carter was seeing dangers that did not exist, while ignoring those that did.
  • They also, to a greater or lesser extent, existed outside mainstream, predominantly male controlled, hierarchical structures.
  • Whereas, in fact, many of the longest-lasting marriages are those between people who exist in perpetual conflict.
Thesaurus
Longman Language Activatorto exist
to be something that is really present or living: · Do you think ghosts really exist?· The blue whale is the largest creature that has ever existed on earth.· We can't continue to pretend that the problem of homelessness doesn't exist in this city.there exists/there exist: · There now exists a significant body of scientific research on the subject.
if you say there is something, you mean that it exists: · Is there life on other planets?· There's no evidence to prove that Gray is the murderer.· There are hundreds of different computer programs designed specifically for children.· I didn't know there was Chinese restaurant in your neighborhood.
to exist in a particular place, or inside a particular thing: · Otters are still found in some parts of Britain.· Vitamin C is found in green vegetables and fresh fruit.can be found: · Other examples of this type of romantic poem can be found throughout history.
if something such as a particular type of substance or illness occurs in a particular place, it exists there - used especially in scientific contexts: occur in: · The disease occurs mainly in children, but can also occur in adults.· Chromium and nickel occur commonly in areas which are also rich in magnesium.· The Japanese "f' sound does not occur in European languages.
when something exists: the existence of something: · For the first time she began to doubt the existence of God.in existence: · Today there are less than 100 copies of the book still in existence.· The organization has been in existence for only 18 months.
to not exist
· The Atlantic Ocean did not exist 150 million years ago.· She looked right through me as if I didn't exist.· The village the old man mentioned doesn't exist on any of my maps.
spoken use this to tell someone that you are sure something does not exist: · I don't believe in vampires - there's no such thing.there's no such thing as: · I've come to the conclusion that there's no such thing as perfect happiness.
something that is nonexistent does not exist: · Steady jobs are almost nonexistent in remote parts of the country.· It turned out that many of the letters of recommendation were from nonexistent companies.
when something no longer exists
· Many of the old birth and death records do not exist any more.· The system that guaranteed lifetime employment no longer exists.· The ideal is to build a society in which racism no longer exists.
if a type of animal is extinct , none of them are alive anymore: · The white rhino is now almost extinct.· There are several theories as to why the dinosaurs became extinct.· The valley contains fossils of many extinct species.
if something such as a type of plant or animal dies out , there are fewer and fewer of them until finally there are none left: · Many of the old village traditions are dying out.· Unless we do something now, hundreds of plant and animal species will die out.
if something disappears , it stops existing and can no longer be seen or felt: · Thousands of miles of rainforest are disappearing every year.· As the economy improves, workers' fears of being laid off have disappeared.
to stop existing
if something disappears , it stops existing, and cannot be seen any more: · Thousands of square miles of rainforest are disappearing each year.· The dolphin has just about disappeared from the coasts of Britain.· Once you start drinking too heavily, the beneficial effects of alcohol disappear.
to stop existing, especially because of a sudden or quick process: · All hopes of finding the boy alive have vanished.· The Shatin rice fields have long vanished beneath a new town of skyscrapers and motorways.vanish without a trace (=so that nothing remains): · Like so many dance crazes, the "moonwalk' was popular for a while in the clubs, then vanished without a trace.
if a type of animal or plant becomes extinct , all the animals or plants of that type die, so that the type does not exist any more: · Dinosaurs became extinct millions of years ago.· If nothing is done to save the whales now, the species will soon become extinct.
when all the animals or plants of a particular type die, so that the type no longer exists: · The Scarlet Macaw is in imminent danger of extinction.face/be threatened with extinction (=likely to soon become extinct): · Out of 329 parrot species, 30 now face extinction.· Large numbers of rare and beautiful Alpine plants are threatened with extinction. save something from extinction: · attempts to save the elephant from extinction
to gradually become rarer and then stop existing - use this about a type of animal or plant, a disease, or a custom: · Diseases such as leprosy and polio have almost completely died out.· The country is changing very quickly and many of the old traditions are dying out.· The nearest common ancestor of man and the modern great apes died out about 30 million years ago.
to stop existing: · The town which Joyce wrote about has long since ceased to exist.· As of 1991, the Russian Communist Party effectively ceased to exist.
Collocations
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRYadverbs
· Do you think ghosts really exist?
· Legislation to protect us from terrorists already exists.
· No treaty currently exists between the two countries.
(=existing in the past and continuing to exist)· A number of his early photographs still exist.
verbs
· We all hope the human race will continue to exist for millions of years.
(=stop existing)· Many of these companies will cease to exist in five years' time.
· Seven copies of the original book are still known to exist.
phrases
· The president issued a statement recognizing Kosovo's right to exist.
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
· This attitude no longer exists in the church.
· A strong correlation exists between social class and exam success.
· The people lived mainly on a diet of fish.
· A cultural gap exists between the older and the younger generations.
· I believe that God exists.
· New teaching materials must be created if a need exists for them.
· The possibility exists that he misunderstood the data.
· No relationship exists between the size of the prison population and the level of crime.
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADVERB
· The illustrations were to be typical representations of ecosystems that actually exist with inhabitants adapted to live there.· Does such a thing actually exist?· The car with those number plates actually exists.· In the first place, Handy attributes more permanence to the professional core than actually exists.· In Chapter 14 we explained why only a very limited set of future markets actually exists.· Such a concept could not actually exist, because of the relative motion of all structures.· The subsystems shown in Table 6.1 actually exist.· The approach to development is dictated by paperwork requirements as opposed to the needs and opportunities which actually exist.
· The Product must already exist and must have been registered.· This book is in-tended largely to call attention to this opportunity and to point to the consensus for action that already exists.· The purpose of this study was to examine the hypothesis that such a difference in metastability already exists in hepatic bile.· Instead, he would pretend the books already existed, and write fictions around them.· The old Louisiana State Home for Lepers already existed and was therefore available.· Faculty examinations are unnecessary because there already exists a suitable alternative in the form of the IoT examination.· Means already existed for the settlement of disputes.
· Such a motive had always existed throughout the world in business transactions.· This dual-standard policy, however, had not always existed.· But the possibility had always existed.· No matter how democratic the society, they will always exist in some form.· But the competition which has always existed between them is undeniable.· Like numbers, it must always exist, and it can be the source of any actual universe.· He had been right when he'd said there was no future - because the past would always exist.· But if it had always existed, how could it have been created at a certain time, as revelation maintained?
· In 1935, when his first marriage had ceased to exist in all but name, he met Margaret Cairns White.· When you have a film with magical elements, you are replicating the universe kids exist in.· Most of the Western world's best sites have now been developed but potential still exists in less developed countries.· An oligopoly exists in a market with just a few sellers.· Action: Module X exists in more than one user-supplied file.· All this existed in a state of nearly complete, if splendid, isolation.· Both solids and liquids may exist in more than one phase.· Thus the eye exists in a body with a central nervous system, capable of reacting to information the eye provides.
· People somehow assume that petrol disappears when it is burned, or that rubbish no longer exists when it's incinerated.· Further, the justification that channel scarcity requires the government to regulate the content of broadcasting no longer exists.· The first piece of the Wall to be demolished by border guards no longer exists.· Then, it was as if the children no longer existed.· Ask the question: is it really true that the working class no longer exists?· Today, those kinds of jobs no longer exist.· Reality no longer existed and time became suspended.· Overall, there is about a 50 percent chance that the K / should no longer exist.
· The pod and chutes had disappeared as if they had never existed.· It assumes a thoroughly rational environment-something that never exists in government.· The stonework covered it completely, as if it had never existed.· Martial rule can never exist where the courts are open, and in the proper and unobstructed exercise of their jurisdiction.· True love had never existed, except in her imagination.· What is the Church saying to children when it declares that their families are based on a bond which never existed?· Or perhaps it had never existed.· Goodrich allowed to exploit the 3-point shot that never existed in his career against an injury-ravaged Ron Harper.
· They exist only whilst the computer is turned on and the word-processing program is active.· Government could derive its right to exist only from the consent of the governed.· Each participant also behaves as if there exists only one presupposition pool shared by all participants in the discourse.· We exist only in time defined by the West.· For her other people only exist to help her reflect back well on herself.· When humans die they are not reborn, but exist only as cold empty shadows.· Parishes For local government purposes the parish had only existed within the boundaries of the former rural district councils.· Spirituality does not exist only in ancient times, or in books.
· Of course, it is impossible to ask questions of characters who do not really exist.· According to quantum theory, elementary particles do not really exist until an intelligent observer measures them.· Maybe they had been for old times the old times that had never really existed.· Do they really exist, and if so, where?· I might ignore all the warnings and even try to convince other people that lung cancer does not really exist.· First and above all, did it really exist?· Frank Griffith has made them wonder if the letters really exist.· To say that the physical world is a theoretical construct is not to say that it does not really exist.
· Do any of these notes still exist?· And while full-service islands still exist, pumping your own is the method of choice.· The wheel pit still exists although this has now been concreted up to the level of the existing floor.· If a problem still exists, consult the Vice President for Research and Development.· What is significant, however, is that few of the grant-aided organisations that we came from still exist today.· The club still exists but the club no longer has a set of principles that tells it what to do.· As this portrait indicates, Margaret Massingberd was largely responsible for creating much of the garden areas as they still exist today.· But a shortage of 7000 bushels still exists at a price of $ 2.
· Although both look curved there exists a fundamental difference between them.· With every formal organisation there exists, to a greater or lesser extent, a complex informal organisation.· In addition to this flourishing political press there existed other influential papers.· And the risks you have in mind will not exist there.· Most agreed there existed a certain vacuum.· According to the standard seventeenth-century view, there exist, independently of and antecedently to our perception of them, material bodies.· In the adjacent valleys infilling occurred, with the consequent gradual burial of any sites which may have existed there.· Along the tunnel there exist a few modest zones of safety.
NOUN
· Subtle, definite differences exist in your pleasure and hers.· Even when differences exist, the key is willingness to compromise.· The purpose of this study was to examine the hypothesis that such a difference in metastability already exists in hepatic bile.· Some difference of opinion exists as to the order of drugs to be administered.· He emphasises the actual similarities in the pattern of bargaining despite the differences which exist in the formal structures.· Not that racial and cultural differences can not exist.· But there is a second, more local, level at which substantial differences exist in unemployment rates.· None the less, it is clear that large differences between individuals exist.
· Much evidence now exists which shows that hypochlorites inhibit collagen synthesis and cause irreversible damage to the micro-circulation.· Grand juries only determine whether sufficient evidence exists to justify an indictment.· But Von Daniken, like others of his creed, believes that evidence of spacemen already exists on Earth.· Much of this evidence exists in the myths.· In Britain no systematic evidence exists of the role of governing bodies in reviewing the curriculum.· Following this are stringing tables for 84 instruments for which fairly full evidence of original stringing exists.· Experimental evidence also exists for the presence of axon reflexes in the alimentary canal.
· For the foreseeable future, occupational pension provision is likely to exist in some form.· Since the budgets of all governmental agencies have the same general purpose, certain similarities exist in their forms.· The number of information sources that exist only in electronic form continues to multiply.· No matter how democratic the society, they will always exist in some form.· In its life cycle the parasite exists in two forms or stages: cysts and trophozoites.· Much of the work of later philosophers also exists in partial form only.· High-speed trains operating on magnetic levitation exist in experimental form only.
· But equipment will still be scarce in many places, and so the inequalities of opportunity that exist now will unfortunately remain.· Many opportunities will exist for the most skilled, adaptable, and knowledgeable financial managers.· If we are successful in identifying these the opportunities may exist to prevent a situation that is desperately difficult to cure.· New opportunities will exist for people who really enjoy housecleaning to provide these services on a contract basis.· Spinnys examine the job opportunities that actually exist and the benefits they have to offer.· The approach to development is dictated by paperwork requirements as opposed to the needs and opportunities which actually exist.· At the moment, this opportunity does no exist because there are still few qualified community interpreters.· As seen from the following examples taken from the nascent Far East marketplace, numerous opportunities exist.
· Is he further aware that a problem exists in finding suitable financial resources for nursery education?· If a problem still exists, consult the Vice President for Research and Development.· But, before you can find a solution, you first have to realise that a problem exists.· They thought problems existed to be solved.· Having made this assessment, the marketer should be aware of the potential problems which exist in communication within different cultures.· Both theoretical and practical problems exist in fashioning out conceptual frameworks for the development of the continent.· Were we to say nothing about it, or to ignore the problem that exists and the unrest in the black community?· If a problem even exists, he said, it probably can be explained.
· What other relationships might exist between demographic and economic trends?· When asked if such a relationship would have existed 30 years ago, Rev.· The same relationship exists between particles and information when we come to talk about the velocity of light in general.· Rather than the carpets, curtains and video, this refers to the quality of relationships which should exist between parents and children.· What relationship exists between the painting and the vision of reality that the artist has before his eyes?· It can be seen that the graph slopes up and although an exact relationship does not exist, a systematic ones does.· A form of magic is involved that has to do with the relationship that exists between the different species.· A related fundamental problem for empirical work in the elite theory tradition is the difficulty of demonstrating that a power relationship exists.
VERB
· Indeed the psychiatric hospitals themselves may, in many areas, cease to exist.· Or, in the extreme, the cigarette industry may cease to exist.· If this power has been transferred elsewhere, meaningful accountability has ceased to exist.· Indeed, the industry may cease to exist.· Deep in her subconscious mind the image of Lotta became one-dimensional, faded, crumpled, ceased to exist.· Young poultry is marketed at such an early age that these differences have practically ceased to exist. 8.· From April 1988 the supplementary pension system will cease to exist and will be replaced by income support.· And the local elected legislature will cease to exist.
· Hence, corporate groups can continue to exist with separable SBUs and will not inevitably be broken up.· The world awakens anew as a child is nurtured into it, because only in this way can humanity continue to exist.· These were intensified by the fact that he had been accused of believing that the world would continue to exist for eternity.· Iberian Motors executives could argue persuasively why foreign manufacturers should continue existing arrangements even in the absence of government requirements.· So the district may continue to exist.· Bob Bullock questioned whether it should continue to exist.· Both the companies will continue to exist as independent companies.· The child knows that objects are permanent and that they continue to exist even when they are not visible.
Phrases
PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
  • Alas, there is no space to give a proper account of the thoughts of these great minds.
  • Capital market theory implies that, for index futures, there is a risk premium.
  • Each side then loses something if there is an attempt to meet at a mid-point.
  • If you do manage to get him to go, there is drug treatment that could help.
  • In forecasting the future there is no certainty.
  • On one of them, Longstone Island, there is a lighthouse.
  • This is a great loss, because at root there is an integral relation between the ideas of crime and morality.
  • We have also noted that there is in practice little inter-observer variation in the scoring of verbal responses in these patients.
Word family
WORD FAMILYnounexistence ≠ non-existenceexistentexistentialismexistentialistcoexistenceadjectiveexistent ≠ nonexistentexistingpre-existingexistentialexistentialistverbexistcoexist
1to happen or be present in a particular situation or place:  The custom of arranged marriages still exists in many countries. Opportunities exist for students to gain sponsorship. Stop pretending that the problem doesn’t exist. The club will cease to exist if financial help is not found.2to be real or alive:  Do fairies really exist? Tom acts as if I don’t exist at times.3to stay alive, especially in a difficult situation when you do not have enough money, food etc SYN  surviveexist on The hostages existed on bread and water.GRAMMAR: Using the progressive• Exist is not used in the progressive in meanings 1 and 2. You say: · No company of that name exists. ✗Don’t say: No company of that name is existing.• Exist can be used in the progressive in meaning 3. You can say: · At the moment they are existing on a few dollars a day.Grammar guide ‒ VERBSCOLLOCATIONSadverbsreally/actually exist· Do you think ghosts really exist?already exist· Legislation to protect us from terrorists already exists.currently exist· No treaty currently exists between the two countries.still exist (=existing in the past and continuing to exist)· A number of his early photographs still exist.verbscontinue to exist· We all hope the human race will continue to exist for millions of years.cease to exist (=stop existing)· Many of these companies will cease to exist in five years' time.be known to exist· Seven copies of the original book are still known to exist.phrasesthe right to exist· The president issued a statement recognizing Kosovo's right to exist.
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