英语词汇“evolution”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES

The next chapter describes the evolution of the International Monetary System.
The process of biological evolution has taken billions of years.
The table below shows the evolution of the English alphabet.

EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS

Cultural and social anthropology was then concerned with the evolution of human society and culture.
Deplorable though that seems, such acts help to understand the evolution of behaviour.
Neither found Darwin's detailed theory of adaptive evolution very useful.
Only by involving every group in the evolution of these structures can problems be avoided.
The Berlin Philharmonic, founded in 1882, has grown up in tandem with the evolution of the star conductor.
The extent and nature of migration is discussed with reference to the evolution of local labour markets.
The genetic theory postulates two modes of evolution.
This ability to live off poor vegetation is likely to have been crucial in the evolution of the mountain goat.

Longman Language Activatora process or period during which someone or something develops► development

· The country has experienced impressive economic development in the past decade.· A child's emotional development may be severely damaged by a traumatic experience in its early years.development of · Climate was an important factor in the development of classical Greek culture.

► evolution

a long, gradual process during which something develops and changes, usually becoming more advanced: · The process of biological evolution has taken billions of years.evolution of: · The next chapter describes the evolution of the International Monetary System.

► progression

a development from one situation or state to a better or more advanced one: progression of: · The exhibit is arranged to show the progression of Picasso's work.progression from something to something: · The progression from school to university is difficult for many students.

WORD SETS► Biology

aerobic, adjectiveafterbirth, nounalgae, nounalimentary canal, nounamber, nounameba, nounamino acid, nounamoeba, nounanaconda, nounanaerobic, adjectiveandrogynous, adjectiveantibody, nounantigen, nounantitoxin, nounappendage, nounarm, nounarmour, nounasexual, adjectiveassimilation, nounatrophy, verbaviary, nounbacteria, nounbacteriology, nounbarnacle, nounbile, nounbinocular vision, nounbio-, prefixbiochemistry, nounbiodegradable, adjectivebiodiversity, nounbiohazard, nounbiological, adjectivebiological clock, nounbiology, nounbiomass, nounbiome, nounbiosphere, nounblind, nounbrain, nounbreathe, verbbreed, verbbreed, nounbreeding, nounbristle, nounbulb, nouncapsule, nouncarbohydrate, nouncarbon dioxide, nouncarnivore, nouncell, nouncellular, adjectivecellulose, nouncentral nervous system, nouncervical, adjectivecholesterol, nounchromosome, nouncirculation, nouncirculatory, adjectiveclass, nounclone, nouncold-blooded, adjectiveconceive, verbconch, nounconnective tissue, nouncopulate, verbcoral reef, nouncornea, nouncoronary, adjectivecorpuscle, nouncortex, nouncortisone, nouncowrie, nouncrab, nouncrawfish, nouncrayfish, nouncreature, nouncross, verbcrossbreed, nounculture, nouncytoplasm, noundecay, verbdecay, noundecompose, verbdefecate, verbdenizen, noundextrose, noundiaphragm, noundigest, verbdigestion, noundigestive, adjectiveDNA, noundorsal, adjectivedry rot, nounduct, noundwarf, noundwarf, adjectiveecological, adjectiveecology, nounecosystem, nounegg, nounejaculate, verbembryo, nounembryonic, adjectiveenzyme, nounepidermis, nounevolution, nounevolutionary, adjectiveexcrement, nounexcrescence, nounexcrete, verbexcretion, nounexhale, verbexoskeleton, nounextinction, nounfaeces, nounfamily, nounfang, nounfat, nounfatty acid, nounfauna, nounfeces, nounfeed, verbfemale, adjectivefemale, nounferment, verbferment, nounfertile, adjectivefertility, nounfertilize, verbfission, nounflank, nounflatulence, nounflesh, nounfleshy, adjectiveflightless, adjectiveflora, nounfoetal, adjectivefoetus, nounfoliage, nounfossil, nounfreak, nounfreshwater, adjectivefructose, noungamete, nounganglion, noungene, noungene pool, noungenera, genetic, adjectivegenetic code, noungenetic engineering, noungenetic fingerprinting, noungenetics, noungenome, noungenus, noungestation, noungland, nounglandular, adjectiveglucose, noungluten, noungonad, noungrass snake, noungrow, verbgrowth, nounhabitat, nounhaemoglobin, nounhearing, nounheart, nounhemisphere, nounherbivore, nounhereditary, adjectiveheredity, nounhermaphrodite, nounhibernate, verbhistamine, nounhoming, adjectivehormone, nounhost, nounimpregnate, verbimpulse, nounincubate, verbindigenous, adjectiveinfected, adjectiveinfertile, adjectiveinfest, verbingest, verbinhale, verbinseminate, verbinsensate, adjectiveinsulin, nounintegument, nounintercourse, nouninterferon, nounintestine, nouninvertebrate, nouninvoluntary, adjectiveiris, nounjaw, nounjelly, nounkidney, nounkrill, nounlactate, verblactation, nounlactic acid, nounleech, nounleg, nounlesser, adjectivelichen, nounlife, nounlife cycle, nounlife form, nounligament, nounlimb, nounlimpet, nounlipid, nounliver, nounliving fossil, nounlocomotion, nounlymph, nounlymph node, nounmale, adjectivemale, nounmammal, nounmandible, nounmate, nounmate, verbmembrane, nounmetabolism, nounmetabolize, verbmetamorphosis, nounmicrobe, nounmicrobiology, nounmicroorganism, nounmicroscopic, adjectivemigrate, verbmigratory, adjectivemiscarriage, nounmolar, nounmorphology, nounmotor, adjectivemould, nounmouth, nounmucous membrane, nounmucus, nounmulticellular, adjectivemuscle, nounmuscular, adjectivemutant, nounmutate, verbmutation, nounnatural history, nounnatural selection, nounnature, nounneck, nounnectar, nounnerve, nounnervous, adjectivenervous system, nounneural, adjectiveneuro-, prefixneurology, nounnode, nounnose, nounnostril, nounnucleic acid, nounnucleus, nounnutrient, nounnutriment, nounoesophagus, nounoestrogen, nounolfactory, adjectiveoptic, adjectiveorgan, nounorganic, adjectiveorganic chemistry, nounorganism, nounorifice, nounossify, verbosteo-, prefixoutgrowth, nounova, ovary, nounoverwinter, verboviduct, nounoviparous, adjectiveovulate, verbovum, nounparasite, nounpathogen, nounpedigree, nounpelvic, adjectivepelvis, nounpenile, adjectivepenis, nounpepsin, nounperiod, nounperspiration, nounperspire, verbphotosynthesis, nounphylum, nounpigment, nounpigmentation, nounplankton, nounplasma, nounpollinate, verbpostnatal, adjectivepregnancy, nounpregnant, adjectivepremature, adjectiveprenatal, adjectiveproduct, nounproliferation, nounpropagate, verbprotein, nounprotoplasm, nounprotozoan, nounpuberty, nounpulmonary, adjectivepulp, nounpulsation, nounputrefy, verbputrid, adjectivered blood cell, nounregurgitate, verbrenal, adjectivereproduce, verbreproduction, nounreproductive, adjectiverespiration, nounrespiratory, adjectiverespire, verbretina, nounroot, nounrot, verbrot, nounruff, nounsac, nounsaliva, nounsalivary gland, nounsalivate, verbsaltwater, adjectivescale, nounscallop, nounscaly, adjectivesebaceous, adjectivesecrete, verbsecretion, nounsemen, nounsense organ, nounsensory, adjectiveserum, nounsex, nounsex, verbsexless, adjectivesexual intercourse, nounsheath, nounshell, nounsibling, nounskeletal, adjectiveskeleton, nounskin, nounskull, nounspasm, nounspasmodic, adjectivespecies, nounspecimen, nounsperm, nounspiderweb, nounspinal cord, nounspine, nounspineless, adjectivestarch, nounstem cell, nounstimulate, verbstimulus, nounstrain, nounsubject, nounsubspecies, nounsucker, nounsucrose, nounsweat, verbsweat, nounsweat gland, nounsymbiosis, nounsystemic, adjectivetail, nountaxonomy, nounteeth, testosterone, nountest-tube baby, nountissue, nountrachea, nountube, noununicellular, adjectiveurethra, nounuric, adjectiveurinate, verburine, nounvariety, nounvector, nounvein, nounvenom, nounvenomous, adjectiveventricle, nounvertebra, nounvertebrate, nounvivisection, nounwarm-blooded, adjectivewean, verbwildlife, nounwindpipe, nounyolk, noun

COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY Meaning 1verbs► evolution happens/takes place

(also evolution occurs formal)· We can see signs of evolution taking place in the world around us.

► trace something's evolution

(=find the origins of when an animal, plant etc began or where it came from)· Anthropologists can trace the evolution of plants and animals by examining fossils.

adjectives► human evolution

· Our ancestors reached a key stage in human evolution when they began to stand up straight.

► biological evolution

· Every living creature has been formed by the slow process of biological evolution.

► physical evolution

· The environment plays a large part in the physical evolution of the species.

► Darwinian evolution

(=based on the ideas of Charles Darwin)· He expounded the theory that language is the product of Darwinian evolution.

phrases► the theory of evolution

· Many Christians find it impossible to accept Darwin's theory of evolution.

Meaning 2adjectives► gradual/continuous evolution

· The social system is undergoing continuous evolution to adapt to these rapid changes.

► cultural/social evolution

· Neither cultural or social evolution is any guarantee that we are moving towards a better world.

► political evolution

· Prime Minister Nehru played a significant role in the political evolution of India.

► technological evolution

· The pace of technological evolution is getting faster all the time.

verbs► evolution takes place

(also evolution occurs formal) (=happens)· A similar evolution was taking place in other great American cities.

► trace something's evolution

(=find the origins of when something began or where it came from)· The show traced the evolution of black American music from gospel through soul to hip-hop

COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► the theory of evolution/relativity etc

· According to the theory of relativity, nothing can travel faster than light.

COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► biological

· So technology that builds the boats leads directly to biological adaptation and evolution.· In terms of biological evolution, complex adaptive systems seek patterns and learn from their interactions with the environment.· The forces which drive technological development have a close parallel in biological evolution.· Inpart Marx say this task as paralleling what had been done by Darwin for biological evolution.· The parallel between biological and cultural evolution breaks down at the point of transmission.· Neither biological nor cultural evolution is any guarantee that we are inevitably moving towards a better world.· Human cultures can change rapidly because cultural innovation is infinitely faster than biological evolution.· Evolving software mimics biological evolution with collections of programs competing with each other to see which performs the task best.

► cultural

· There are other examples of cultural evolution in birds and monkeys, but these are just interesting oddities.· If we do not view patriarchy as a necessary and inevitable step in human cultural evolution, how did it come about?· It is our own species that really shows what cultural evolution can do.· Another problem, related in that reality is ignored, concerns the appropriate use of sources for understanding cultural evolution.· The parallel between biological and cultural evolution breaks down at the point of transmission.· Therefore individuals need to possess personalities conformable to the ambient level of cultural evolution.· Neither biological nor cultural evolution is any guarantee that we are inevitably moving towards a better world.· The third advance has been the construction of formal models for cultural evolution.

► darwinian

· Conversely, opposition to Darwinian evolution, even among scientists, came from the socially conservative.· Another popular misconception of Darwinian evolution is that its products must be genetically determined because their inheritance depends on genes.· Not surprising, you might think, in animals designed by Darwinian evolution to find associations in the real world.· Even though Darwinian evolution is represented as a competitive process, the outcome has often been that animals ended up working with each other.· He proposed that, therefore, Darwinian evolution is primarily about changes in the genes.· When these combine they open up a new range of possibilities on which Darwinian evolution can act.

► early

· The discovery of Eoraptor has opened a window into the early evolution of theropods.

► general

· There is no reason why general trends in evolution shouldn't be reversed.· In the most general terms, evolution is a tight web and ecology a loose one.· Very broadly, however, its general evolution is unmistakable.

► gradual

· Such continuous variables foster continuous and gradual evolution.

► human

· Brown believes the Greys are attempting to speed human evolution and enhance our spirituality by creating humans with some Grey genes.· To understand the details of human social evolution the nearest point of interspecific comparison lies among the apes.· For millions of years of human evolution, male eroticism has focused on fertile women.· But it's also part of inevitable human evolution.· The social Darwinists or Spencerians of the late nineteenth century viewed human evolution from a unilinear perspective.· So, in this science fiction view of human evolution, primitive promiscuity was soon replaced by more orderly patterns of existence.· For each step forward in market technology they took a step backward in human evolution.

► natural

· It is but a short step from this to natural selection and evolution in the laboratory.· These relationships were a natural consequence of evolution working to produce mutual interactions from which all the species involved would benefit.· The environment has been created as a result of natural evolution plus man's interference.· This will give some intuitive idea of the amount of change that we can expect in real natural evolution.· Both would interfere with the natural process of evolution and natural selection which ensured social progress.· They fit the animal's information-gathering equipment to particular problems and, presumably, they have been subject to natural selection during evolution.

► political

· If humanity has a future at all, the issue of democracy will remain central to its political evolution.· At the same time, it is proposed to assess the degree of correlation between economic and social developments and political evolution.

► social

· This has only been accentuated in the course of social evolution.· His approach was positivist and rationalist and his general objective was to lay down a theory of social evolution.· Parker was applying Herbert Spencer's law of social evolution and the current devotion to organization to the denomination.· Early work on primate social systems yielded the first model of their social evolution in the mid-1960s.· To understand the details of human social evolution the nearest point of interspecific comparison lies among the apes.· Jazz is a form of music that came out of a social evolution in black history, and so is rap.· All value systems are products of human social evolution, and have periodically been declared sacrosanct by various religions.

VERB► explain

· The difficulty with natural selection which Taylor raises repeatedly is that it explains evolution by chance.· If evolution is hill-climbing, how can we explain the evolution of complex structures which would only work when perfected?· What explains the successful evolution of this system?

► lead

· This in turn has led to rapid evolution to fill the vacant or new ecological niches.· Furthermore, even a mere increase in general intelligence might not necessarily have led to the evolution of language.· What had to be understood was the process which led to the evolution of society seen in this new light.· This is a surprise because the leading theories of cosmic evolution say the distribution of galaxies should be random.· It can lead to the evolution of animals that can not reproduce, and to others that kill their own kind.

► teach

· This year, the state Legislature spent months debating a bill that would have banned the teaching of evolution as fact.

► trace

· But the task of this chapter, of tracing the evolution of learning and memory-like phenomena in non-human animals, is done.· The result is deeply layered, complex works tracing that evolution in its historical perspective.

► understand

· Bateson now argued that the direct study of variation was the only way of trying to understand how evolution actually works.· Another problem, related in that reality is ignored, concerns the appropriate use of sources for understanding cultural evolution.· Our lives are too short to understand the evolution of other beings in such detail.· Just as computers will break free of the need for people to understand them, so evolution will drive the process.· Deplorable though that seems, such acts help to understand the evolution of behaviour.· The answer is that it provides us with a way to understand evolution as a gradual, cumulative process.

WORD FAMILYnounevolutionadjectiveevolutionaryverbevolve

单词	evolution
释义	evolutionev‧o‧lu‧tion /ˌiːvəˈluːʃən, ˌevə- $ ˌevə-/ ●○○ AWL noun [uncountable] Examples EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES The next chapter describes the evolution of the International Monetary System. The process of biological evolution has taken billions of years. The table below shows the evolution of the English alphabet. EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS Cultural and social anthropology was then concerned with the evolution of human society and culture. Deplorable though that seems, such acts help to understand the evolution of behaviour. Neither found Darwin's detailed theory of adaptive evolution very useful. Only by involving every group in the evolution of these structures can problems be avoided. The Berlin Philharmonic, founded in 1882, has grown up in tandem with the evolution of the star conductor. The extent and nature of migration is discussed with reference to the evolution of local labour markets. The genetic theory postulates two modes of evolution. This ability to live off poor vegetation is likely to have been crucial in the evolution of the mountain goat. Thesaurus Longman Language Activatora process or period during which someone or something develops► development · The country has experienced impressive economic development in the past decade.· A child's emotional development may be severely damaged by a traumatic experience in its early years.development of · Climate was an important factor in the development of classical Greek culture. ► evolution a long, gradual process during which something develops and changes, usually becoming more advanced: · The process of biological evolution has taken billions of years.evolution of: · The next chapter describes the evolution of the International Monetary System. ► progression a development from one situation or state to a better or more advanced one: progression of: · The exhibit is arranged to show the progression of Picasso's work.progression from something to something: · The progression from school to university is difficult for many students. WORD SETS► Biology aerobic, adjectiveafterbirth, nounalgae, nounalimentary canal, nounamber, nounameba, nounamino acid, nounamoeba, nounanaconda, nounanaerobic, adjectiveandrogynous, adjectiveantibody, nounantigen, nounantitoxin, nounappendage, nounarm, nounarmour, nounasexual, adjectiveassimilation, nounatrophy, verbaviary, nounbacteria, nounbacteriology, nounbarnacle, nounbile, nounbinocular vision, nounbio-, prefixbiochemistry, nounbiodegradable, adjectivebiodiversity, nounbiohazard, nounbiological, adjectivebiological clock, nounbiology, nounbiomass, nounbiome, nounbiosphere, nounblind, nounbrain, nounbreathe, verbbreed, verbbreed, nounbreeding, nounbristle, nounbulb, nouncapsule, nouncarbohydrate, nouncarbon dioxide, nouncarnivore, nouncell, nouncellular, adjectivecellulose, nouncentral nervous system, nouncervical, adjectivecholesterol, nounchromosome, nouncirculation, nouncirculatory, adjectiveclass, nounclone, nouncold-blooded, adjectiveconceive, verbconch, nounconnective tissue, nouncopulate, verbcoral reef, nouncornea, nouncoronary, adjectivecorpuscle, nouncortex, nouncortisone, nouncowrie, nouncrab, nouncrawfish, nouncrayfish, nouncreature, nouncross, verbcrossbreed, nounculture, nouncytoplasm, noundecay, verbdecay, noundecompose, verbdefecate, verbdenizen, noundextrose, noundiaphragm, noundigest, verbdigestion, noundigestive, adjectiveDNA, noundorsal, adjectivedry rot, nounduct, noundwarf, noundwarf, adjectiveecological, adjectiveecology, nounecosystem, nounegg, nounejaculate, verbembryo, nounembryonic, adjectiveenzyme, nounepidermis, nounevolution, nounevolutionary, adjectiveexcrement, nounexcrescence, nounexcrete, verbexcretion, nounexhale, verbexoskeleton, nounextinction, nounfaeces, nounfamily, nounfang, nounfat, nounfatty acid, nounfauna, nounfeces, nounfeed, verbfemale, adjectivefemale, nounferment, verbferment, nounfertile, adjectivefertility, nounfertilize, verbfission, nounflank, nounflatulence, nounflesh, nounfleshy, adjectiveflightless, adjectiveflora, nounfoetal, adjectivefoetus, nounfoliage, nounfossil, nounfreak, nounfreshwater, adjectivefructose, noungamete, nounganglion, noungene, noungene pool, noungenera, genetic, adjectivegenetic code, noungenetic engineering, noungenetic fingerprinting, noungenetics, noungenome, noungenus, noungestation, noungland, nounglandular, adjectiveglucose, noungluten, noungonad, noungrass snake, noungrow, verbgrowth, nounhabitat, nounhaemoglobin, nounhearing, nounheart, nounhemisphere, nounherbivore, nounhereditary, adjectiveheredity, nounhermaphrodite, nounhibernate, verbhistamine, nounhoming, adjectivehormone, nounhost, nounimpregnate, verbimpulse, nounincubate, verbindigenous, adjectiveinfected, adjectiveinfertile, adjectiveinfest, verbingest, verbinhale, verbinseminate, verbinsensate, adjectiveinsulin, nounintegument, nounintercourse, nouninterferon, nounintestine, nouninvertebrate, nouninvoluntary, adjectiveiris, nounjaw, nounjelly, nounkidney, nounkrill, nounlactate, verblactation, nounlactic acid, nounleech, nounleg, nounlesser, adjectivelichen, nounlife, nounlife cycle, nounlife form, nounligament, nounlimb, nounlimpet, nounlipid, nounliver, nounliving fossil, nounlocomotion, nounlymph, nounlymph node, nounmale, adjectivemale, nounmammal, nounmandible, nounmate, nounmate, verbmembrane, nounmetabolism, nounmetabolize, verbmetamorphosis, nounmicrobe, nounmicrobiology, nounmicroorganism, nounmicroscopic, adjectivemigrate, verbmigratory, adjectivemiscarriage, nounmolar, nounmorphology, nounmotor, adjectivemould, nounmouth, nounmucous membrane, nounmucus, nounmulticellular, adjectivemuscle, nounmuscular, adjectivemutant, nounmutate, verbmutation, nounnatural history, nounnatural selection, nounnature, nounneck, nounnectar, nounnerve, nounnervous, adjectivenervous system, nounneural, adjectiveneuro-, prefixneurology, nounnode, nounnose, nounnostril, nounnucleic acid, nounnucleus, nounnutrient, nounnutriment, nounoesophagus, nounoestrogen, nounolfactory, adjectiveoptic, adjectiveorgan, nounorganic, adjectiveorganic chemistry, nounorganism, nounorifice, nounossify, verbosteo-, prefixoutgrowth, nounova, ovary, nounoverwinter, verboviduct, nounoviparous, adjectiveovulate, verbovum, nounparasite, nounpathogen, nounpedigree, nounpelvic, adjectivepelvis, nounpenile, adjectivepenis, nounpepsin, nounperiod, nounperspiration, nounperspire, verbphotosynthesis, nounphylum, nounpigment, nounpigmentation, nounplankton, nounplasma, nounpollinate, verbpostnatal, adjectivepregnancy, nounpregnant, adjectivepremature, adjectiveprenatal, adjectiveproduct, nounproliferation, nounpropagate, verbprotein, nounprotoplasm, nounprotozoan, nounpuberty, nounpulmonary, adjectivepulp, nounpulsation, nounputrefy, verbputrid, adjectivered blood cell, nounregurgitate, verbrenal, adjectivereproduce, verbreproduction, nounreproductive, adjectiverespiration, nounrespiratory, adjectiverespire, verbretina, nounroot, nounrot, verbrot, nounruff, nounsac, nounsaliva, nounsalivary gland, nounsalivate, verbsaltwater, adjectivescale, nounscallop, nounscaly, adjectivesebaceous, adjectivesecrete, verbsecretion, nounsemen, nounsense organ, nounsensory, adjectiveserum, nounsex, nounsex, verbsexless, adjectivesexual intercourse, nounsheath, nounshell, nounsibling, nounskeletal, adjectiveskeleton, nounskin, nounskull, nounspasm, nounspasmodic, adjectivespecies, nounspecimen, nounsperm, nounspiderweb, nounspinal cord, nounspine, nounspineless, adjectivestarch, nounstem cell, nounstimulate, verbstimulus, nounstrain, nounsubject, nounsubspecies, nounsucker, nounsucrose, nounsweat, verbsweat, nounsweat gland, nounsymbiosis, nounsystemic, adjectivetail, nountaxonomy, nounteeth, testosterone, nountest-tube baby, nountissue, nountrachea, nountube, noununicellular, adjectiveurethra, nounuric, adjectiveurinate, verburine, nounvariety, nounvector, nounvein, nounvenom, nounvenomous, adjectiveventricle, nounvertebra, nounvertebrate, nounvivisection, nounwarm-blooded, adjectivewean, verbwildlife, nounwindpipe, nounyolk, noun Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY Meaning 1verbs► evolution happens/takes place (also evolution occurs formal)· We can see signs of evolution taking place in the world around us. ► trace something's evolution (=find the origins of when an animal, plant etc began or where it came from)· Anthropologists can trace the evolution of plants and animals by examining fossils. adjectives► human evolution · Our ancestors reached a key stage in human evolution when they began to stand up straight. ► biological evolution · Every living creature has been formed by the slow process of biological evolution. ► physical evolution · The environment plays a large part in the physical evolution of the species. ► Darwinian evolution (=based on the ideas of Charles Darwin)· He expounded the theory that language is the product of Darwinian evolution. phrases► the theory of evolution · Many Christians find it impossible to accept Darwin's theory of evolution. Meaning 2adjectives► gradual/continuous evolution · The social system is undergoing continuous evolution to adapt to these rapid changes. ► cultural/social evolution · Neither cultural or social evolution is any guarantee that we are moving towards a better world. ► political evolution · Prime Minister Nehru played a significant role in the political evolution of India. ► technological evolution · The pace of technological evolution is getting faster all the time. verbs► evolution takes place (also evolution occurs formal) (=happens)· A similar evolution was taking place in other great American cities. ► trace something's evolution (=find the origins of when something began or where it came from)· The show traced the evolution of black American music from gospel through soul to hip-hop COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► the theory of evolution/relativity etc · According to the theory of relativity, nothing can travel faster than light. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► biological · So technology that builds the boats leads directly to biological adaptation and evolution.· In terms of biological evolution, complex adaptive systems seek patterns and learn from their interactions with the environment.· The forces which drive technological development have a close parallel in biological evolution.· Inpart Marx say this task as paralleling what had been done by Darwin for biological evolution.· The parallel between biological and cultural evolution breaks down at the point of transmission.· Neither biological nor cultural evolution is any guarantee that we are inevitably moving towards a better world.· Human cultures can change rapidly because cultural innovation is infinitely faster than biological evolution.· Evolving software mimics biological evolution with collections of programs competing with each other to see which performs the task best. ► cultural · There are other examples of cultural evolution in birds and monkeys, but these are just interesting oddities.· If we do not view patriarchy as a necessary and inevitable step in human cultural evolution, how did it come about?· It is our own species that really shows what cultural evolution can do.· Another problem, related in that reality is ignored, concerns the appropriate use of sources for understanding cultural evolution.· The parallel between biological and cultural evolution breaks down at the point of transmission.· Therefore individuals need to possess personalities conformable to the ambient level of cultural evolution.· Neither biological nor cultural evolution is any guarantee that we are inevitably moving towards a better world.· The third advance has been the construction of formal models for cultural evolution. ► darwinian · Conversely, opposition to Darwinian evolution, even among scientists, came from the socially conservative.· Another popular misconception of Darwinian evolution is that its products must be genetically determined because their inheritance depends on genes.· Not surprising, you might think, in animals designed by Darwinian evolution to find associations in the real world.· Even though Darwinian evolution is represented as a competitive process, the outcome has often been that animals ended up working with each other.· He proposed that, therefore, Darwinian evolution is primarily about changes in the genes.· When these combine they open up a new range of possibilities on which Darwinian evolution can act. ► early · The discovery of Eoraptor has opened a window into the early evolution of theropods. ► general · There is no reason why general trends in evolution shouldn't be reversed.· In the most general terms, evolution is a tight web and ecology a loose one.· Very broadly, however, its general evolution is unmistakable. ► gradual · Such continuous variables foster continuous and gradual evolution. ► human · Brown believes the Greys are attempting to speed human evolution and enhance our spirituality by creating humans with some Grey genes.· To understand the details of human social evolution the nearest point of interspecific comparison lies among the apes.· For millions of years of human evolution, male eroticism has focused on fertile women.· But it's also part of inevitable human evolution.· The social Darwinists or Spencerians of the late nineteenth century viewed human evolution from a unilinear perspective.· So, in this science fiction view of human evolution, primitive promiscuity was soon replaced by more orderly patterns of existence.· For each step forward in market technology they took a step backward in human evolution. ► natural · It is but a short step from this to natural selection and evolution in the laboratory.· These relationships were a natural consequence of evolution working to produce mutual interactions from which all the species involved would benefit.· The environment has been created as a result of natural evolution plus man's interference.· This will give some intuitive idea of the amount of change that we can expect in real natural evolution.· Both would interfere with the natural process of evolution and natural selection which ensured social progress.· They fit the animal's information-gathering equipment to particular problems and, presumably, they have been subject to natural selection during evolution. ► political · If humanity has a future at all, the issue of democracy will remain central to its political evolution.· At the same time, it is proposed to assess the degree of correlation between economic and social developments and political evolution. ► social · This has only been accentuated in the course of social evolution.· His approach was positivist and rationalist and his general objective was to lay down a theory of social evolution.· Parker was applying Herbert Spencer's law of social evolution and the current devotion to organization to the denomination.· Early work on primate social systems yielded the first model of their social evolution in the mid-1960s.· To understand the details of human social evolution the nearest point of interspecific comparison lies among the apes.· Jazz is a form of music that came out of a social evolution in black history, and so is rap.· All value systems are products of human social evolution, and have periodically been declared sacrosanct by various religions. VERB► explain · The difficulty with natural selection which Taylor raises repeatedly is that it explains evolution by chance.· If evolution is hill-climbing, how can we explain the evolution of complex structures which would only work when perfected?· What explains the successful evolution of this system? ► lead · This in turn has led to rapid evolution to fill the vacant or new ecological niches.· Furthermore, even a mere increase in general intelligence might not necessarily have led to the evolution of language.· What had to be understood was the process which led to the evolution of society seen in this new light.· This is a surprise because the leading theories of cosmic evolution say the distribution of galaxies should be random.· It can lead to the evolution of animals that can not reproduce, and to others that kill their own kind. ► teach · This year, the state Legislature spent months debating a bill that would have banned the teaching of evolution as fact. ► trace · But the task of this chapter, of tracing the evolution of learning and memory-like phenomena in non-human animals, is done.· The result is deeply layered, complex works tracing that evolution in its historical perspective. ► understand · Bateson now argued that the direct study of variation was the only way of trying to understand how evolution actually works.· Another problem, related in that reality is ignored, concerns the appropriate use of sources for understanding cultural evolution.· Our lives are too short to understand the evolution of other beings in such detail.· Just as computers will break free of the need for people to understand them, so evolution will drive the process.· Deplorable though that seems, such acts help to understand the evolution of behaviour.· The answer is that it provides us with a way to understand evolution as a gradual, cumulative process. Word family WORD FAMILYnounevolutionadjectiveevolutionaryverbevolve 1the scientific idea that plants and animals develop and change gradually over a long period of timeevolution of the evolution of mammals the theory of evolution2the gradual change and development of an idea, situation, or objectevolution of the evolution of the computerCOLLOCATIONS– Meaning 1verbsevolution happens/takes place (also evolution occurs formal)· We can see signs of evolution taking place in the world around us.trace something's evolution (=find the origins of when an animal, plant etc began or where it came from)· Anthropologists can trace the evolution of plants and animals by examining fossils.adjectiveshuman evolution· Our ancestors reached a key stage in human evolution when they began to stand up straight.biological evolution· Every living creature has been formed by the slow process of biological evolution.physical evolution· The environment plays a large part in the physical evolution of the species.Darwinian evolution (=based on the ideas of Charles Darwin)· He expounded the theory that language is the product of Darwinian evolution.phrasesthe theory of evolution· Many Christians find it impossible to accept Darwin's theory of evolution.COLLOCATIONS– Meaning 2adjectivesgradual/continuous evolution· The social system is undergoing continuous evolution to adapt to these rapid changes.cultural/social evolution· Neither cultural or social evolution is any guarantee that we are moving towards a better world.political evolution· Prime Minister Nehru played a significant role in the political evolution of India.technological evolution· The pace of technological evolution is getting faster all the time.verbsevolution takes place (also evolution occurs formal) (=happens)· A similar evolution was taking place in other great American cities.trace something's evolution (=find the origins of when something began or where it came from)· The show traced the evolution of black American music from gospel through soul to hip-hop
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