单词 | treaty |
释义 | treatytreat‧y /ˈtriːti/ ●●○ W3 noun (plural treaties) Word Origin WORD ORIGINtreaty ExamplesOrigin: 1300-1400 Old French traité, from Latin tractatus; ➔ TRACTEXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES Thesaurus
Longman Language Activatorsomething that has been agreed► agreement Collocations an arrangement that is made when two or more people, countries, or organizations agree to do something: · Eventually all the parties signed the agreement.agreement on: · Congress could not come up with an agreement on a spending plan for next year.make an agreement: · They made a secret agreement not to tell anyone about their plans.have an agreement that: · I thought we had an agreement that you would keep me informed about any changes in the programme.under an agreement: · Under the Geneva agreement, a French force was supposed to remain in South Vietnam until July 1956. ► treaty a written agreement between two or more countries, especially to end a war: · The Treaty of Versailles ended the First World War.sign a treaty: · Some countries are still refusing to sign a treaty banning chemical weapons.peace treaty (=a treaty that ends a war): · After months of negotiations, he eventually persuaded them to sign a peace treaty. ► pact a written agreement between two or more countries or political parties in which they promise to support each other or defend each other: · Officials at IBM and Apple declined to comment on a possible pact between the two personal computer makers.· Mexico's Defense Ministry this month signed a pact that allows Mexican troops to train at American bases. ► contract a written legal agreement with all the details of a job or business arrangement, for example what someone must do and how much they will be paid: · My contract says I have to work 35 hours per week.sign a contract (with somebody): · Baltimore officials have confirmed that Olson will sign a two-year contract with the club.break a contract (=to break the rules of a contract): · The company was prosecuted for breaking the contract. ► understanding an informal agreement between two people or organizations that is not written down: have an understanding: · Adams and the police have an understanding -- he gives them information and they don't ask any questions about his activities.come to an understanding (that) (=agree after a discussion): · We came to an understanding that I would find a job and my husband would stay home with the baby.understanding between: · It was an unspoken understanding between Stu and me that I was going to be a lawyer and he was going to be an engineer. ► compromise an agreement in which both people or groups accept less than they really want: reach/find a compromise: · After several hours of discussions, they managed to reach a compromise.compromise between: · Officials hope to find a compromise between Britain and other EU members. when two countries agree to stop fighting► ceasefire an agreement to stop fighting for a limited period of time, especially in order to talk about making peace: · The ceasefire won't last unless both sides are prepared to compromise.ceasefire between: · a ceasefire between the warring forces in the southceasefire agreement: · Both leaders signed the ceasefire agreement.agree to/achieve a ceasefire: · The government had failed in numerous attempts to achieve a ceasefire through negotiation.violate the ceasefire (=start fighting again during a ceasefire): · So far no one has violated the three-day ceasefire. ► truce an agreement to stop fighting for a short time, especially in order to discuss making peace: · The rebels have ended a 17-month-old truce, and could strike at any time.truce between: · a truce between the rival Christian forcescall/negotiate/secure etc a truce: · The two sides have been unable to negotiate a truce. ► peace treaty a written agreement between two enemies saying that they agree to end the war: · Both countries agreed to work towards a peace treaty.peace treaty between: · On July 12th, the South Korean President called for a peace treaty between the two states.negotiate/draw up/sign/conclude a peace treaty: · The left-wing guerrilla movement finally signed a peace treaty with the government on March 9th. ► make peace if two countries make peace , they stop fighting and agree to end the war: · France and Spain made peace in 1659 after a war lasting 25 years.make peace with: · The two armies made peace with each other in 1918. ► lay down arms if soldiers lay down their arms , they stop fighting - used especially in literature and descriptions of historical events: · No sooner had they laid down their arms than the English broke their word and attacked.· In March, the Popular Liberation Army laid down arms and registered as a political party. WORD SETS► Governmentabsolutism, nounadministration, nounagency, nounagent, nounagent provocateur, nounalderman, nounally, nounassembly, nounautarchy, nounautocracy, nounautocrat, nounautonomous, adjectiveautonomy, nounban, nounbaron, nounbig government, nounbilateral, adjectivebody politic, nounbudget, nounbureau, nounbureaucracy, nouncabinet, nouncaliphate, nouncanton, nouncanvass, verbcapital, nouncapitalist, nounCapitol Hill, nounCBE, nouncede, verbcentral, adjectivecentral government, nouncentralism, nouncentralize, verbchancellery, nounchancery, nouncharter, nouncharter, verbchief, nounCIA, the, city hall, nouncity-state, nounclient state, nounCo., coalition, nouncold war, nouncolonial, adjectivecolonial, nouncolonialism, nouncolonize, verbcolony, nouncommissioner, nouncommune, nounconsort, nounconstitution, nounconstitutional, adjectiveconstitutionality, nounconvention, nouncoronation, nouncount, nouncounterintelligence, nouncountess, nouncounty, nouncounty council, noundecolonize, verbdemocracy, noundemocratic, adjectivedependency, noundespotism, noundétente, noundethrone, verbdevolution, noundictatorial, adjectivedictatorship, noundiplomacy, noundiplomatic immunity, noundirective, noundisinformation, noundispatch, noundispensation, noundissent, verbdistrict council, noundocumentation, nounDOD, dominion, nounDowning Street, noundynasty, nounearl, nounearldom, nounempire, nounEuro, adjectiveEurope, nounexecutive, nounexecutive privilege, nounfall, verbfall, nounfederalism, nounfeudal, adjectivefeudalism, nounfeudalistic, adjectivegazette, nounhead of state, nounhigh commission, nounimperial, adjectiveindependence, nounindependent, adjectiveinfrastructure, nouninstigate, verbinsurgent, nouninsurrection, nounintelligence, nouninternal, adjectivejunket, nounjunta, nounkingdom, nounkingship, nounkitchen cabinet, nounland office, nounland registry, nounlegation, nounlegislature, nounlicensed, adjectivelocal authority, nounlocal government, nounmaharajah, nounmaharani, nounmandate, nounmandated, adjectivemartial law, nounMBE, nounmeasure, nounmidterm, nounministry, nounminority government, nounmisrule, nounmonarchy, nounmonolith, nounmonolithic, adjectivemoratorium, nounmouthpiece, nounmove, verbmover, nounmunicipal, adjectivemunicipality, nounNASA, nounnational, adjectivenational debt, nounNational Health Service, the, nationalize, verbnational monument, nounnation state, nounNATO, nounneocolonialism, nounneutral, adjectiveneutral, nounneutralize, verbnon-aligned, adjectivenon-intervention, nounnon-proliferation, noun-ocracy, suffix-ocrat, suffixofficiate, verboligarchy, nounoperational, adjectiveoperative, nounoverthrow, verboverthrow, nounoverturn, verbpacify, verbpact, nounpalatinate, nounpardon, nounparish, nounpartition, nounpass, verbpeer, nounpeer, verbpeerage, nounpeeress, nounpermit, nounplenary, adjectiveplutocracy, nounpolice state, nounpolitburo, nounpolitical science, nounpolity, nounpork, nounpork barrel, nounportfolio, nounpossession, nounprecinct, nounprefecture, nounpremiership, nounpresidium, nounprotectorate, nounpublic, adjectivepublic service, nounquota, nounR, ratify, verbrealm, nounrecall, nounrecognition, nounrecognize, verbregency, nounregent, nounregime, nounregister, nounregulation, nounrelease, nounrepeal, verbrepresentative, nounrepressive, adjectiverepublic, nounrepublican, adjectiverescind, verbreunify, verbrevoke, verbrising, nounroyalist, nounruling, adjectivesanction, nounseat, nounsecret agent, nounsecurity service, nounself-governing, adjectiveself-rule, nounsheikh, nounshire, nounsocial democracy, nounsocialist, adjectivesocial service, nounsovereign, adjectivesovereignty, nounspin doctor, nounstaff, nounstate, nounstatehood, nounStatehouse, nounstate line, nounstate of emergency, nounstatewide, adjectivesubject, adjectivesubject, verbsultanate, nounsummit, nounsuperpower, nounsuppress, verbsupranational, adjectivesurgery, nounsuzerainty, nountechnocracy, nounterritory, nounthrone, nountopple, verbtotalitarian, adjectivetown planning, nountownship, nountransit visa, nountreaty, nountribalism, nountripartite, adjectivetrusteeship, nountsarism, nountyrant, nountzarism, noununconstitutional, adjectiveunification, noununify, verbunilateral, adjectiveunion, nounUnion Jack, nounvassal, nounVIP, nounviscount, nounviscountess, nounwelfare state, nounWhitehall, noun COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRYverbs► sign a treaty Phrases· India refused to sign the treaty. ► conclude a treaty formal (=successfully finish arranging it)· In 1875 Japan and Russia concluded a treaty. ► negotiate a treaty (=discuss the conditions of a treaty with other people in order to reach an agreement)· He was instructed to negotiate a treaty with Siam. ► ratify a treaty (=make it official by signing it or accepting it)· The Government cannot ratify the treaty without Parliament’s consent. ADJECTIVES/NOUN + treaty► a peace treaty· Jordan signed a peace treaty with Israel. ► a draft treaty (=one that has been written but not yet signed)· The committee produced a draft treaty on arms limitation. ► an extradition treaty (=one which says that people can be brought back to a country for trial)· The United States has had an extradition treaty with Mexico since 1978. ► an international treaty· The US refused to sign any international treaty on cutting carbon emissions. ► a bilateral treaty (=one signed by two countries)· Uzbekistan and Russia signed a bilateral treaty of friendship. ► the Versailles/Maastricht etc treaty (=a treaty signed in a particular city)· Britain’s ratification of the Maastricht treaty looked set for further delay. phrases► the terms/provisions of a treaty· Under the terms of the treaty, the two sides agreed to a ceasefire. ► the treaty of Versailles/Rome etc (=a treaty signed in a particular city)· Restrictive trading agreements are prohibited by the Treaty of Rome. COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► a disarmament treaty/agreement· There will be US-Russian talks on a new disarmament treaty. ► non-aggression pact/treaty/agreement etc The countries will come together next week to sign a new non-aggression treaty. ► a peace treaty/agreement/accord· The formal signing of the peace agreement took place in Lisbon on May 31. ► ratify a treaty/an agreement/a decision etc We hope that the republics will be willing to ratify the treaty. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► abm· Such a system is banned by the ABM treaty.· On the ABM treaty, the Soviets were adamant on a ten-year extension of compliance by both sides.· Is not the United States trying to scrap the ABM treaty so that it can push on with its star wars programme?· He instructed officials not to shut the door on eventual agreement with Clinton to modify the ABM treaty.· The three other principal nuclear powers also cling to the ABM treaty, even though they are not parties to it. ► ballistic· He hopes to scrap the anti-ballistic missile treaty, destabilising the world's nuclear equilibrium. ► bilateral· States form an interlocking network of bilateral and multilateral treaty relationships, which reinforces the interdependence that characterises contemporary international relations.· The diplomatic channel was generally used, and few bilateral treaties dealt with the subject.· Even bilateral treaties impinge upon non-parties: the distribution of values between two parties can rarely be contained within neatly drawn lines. ► global· Talks resumed in Geneva on Nov. 27, aimed at finalizing a new global treaty by the end of 1992.· Next week he will appeal to the Senate to ratify a global treaty to ban chemical weapons.· George Bush's decision to trash the Kyoto global warming treaty is appalling. ► international· If that magic number is reached, the deal becomes an international treaty.· In 1909, a new international treaty established the amount of water that could be diverted from the Falls.· To the devil with international treaties.· These were the growth of organised and comprehensive diplomatic archives and the publication of the first great printed collections of international treaties.· Addis Ababa asked Rome to respect an international treaty by revealing the location of stockpiles and helping to clear them.· A range of international treaties makes governments, armed groups and the international community responsible for putting these rights into practice.· Certain straits have been specifically designated as international waterways by treaty.· However the vast numbers of international treaties alone makes such an expectation unrealistic. ► maastricht· True, the new treaty will not compare in scope with the 1992 Maastricht treaty, which launched the single currency.· Wim Duisenberg insisted that the yardsticks laid down in the Maastricht treaty were all that mattered. ► new· True, the new treaty will not compare in scope with the 1992 Maastricht treaty, which launched the single currency.· Paris must now stage-manage an intergovernmental conference leading to a new treaty.· In 1909, a new international treaty established the amount of water that could be diverted from the Falls.· Talks resumed in Geneva on Nov. 27, aimed at finalizing a new global treaty by the end of 1992.· Over three, perhaps four difficult days they must put the finishing touches to a new treaty.· The new treaties will define that role and extend it.· Subsequently, perhaps in 418, perhaps in 419, a new treaty brought the Visigoths back to Aquitaine. ► nuclear· Would not an extension and strengthening of the nuclear test ban treaty be a means of helping the Soviet people?· The President had given top priority to achieving a nuclear test-ban treaty and was despondent when he could not get it.· The 1987 intermediate nuclear forces treaty eliminated all United States and Soviet ground-based intermediate range nuclear missiles. ► private· In effect this stage is equivalent to exchange of contracts in a sale by private treaty, with completion four weeks later. NOUN► ban· But it has refused to sign up to the comprehensive test ban treaty.· Would not an extension and strengthening of the nuclear test ban treaty be a means of helping the Soviet people?· We must also pursue a comprehensive test ban treaty. ► cfe· The CFE treaty provided for the destruction of around 40,000 tanks, artillery, helicopters and other equipment by 1995.· The Tashkent agreement was then incorporated into the terms of the CFE treaty. ► draft· Will the Government veto a draft treaty Hon. Members Would you?· Such measures were included in the December 1991 Maastricht draft treaty.· It is our aim to do the same on the draft treaty on political union.· He made it clear that at that point a judgement would be taken as to whether the draft treaty was acceptable or not.· Luxembourg, the conference chair, has ignored these ideas in its draft treaty.· The draft treaty of the Political Community, with 117 articles, was presented in Strasbourg on 10 March 1953. ► friendship· Included in the friendship treaty was a defence co-operation agreement, covering material provision for the armed forces and officer training. ► missile· He hopes to scrap the anti-ballistic missile treaty, destabilising the world's nuclear equilibrium. ► obligation· One analysis is that a party to the Protocol has agreed to accept some treaty obligations.· Since these include the pacta tertiis rule, a precondition of Statehood can not be the acceptance of third party treaty obligations. ► peace· It could remain quietly in being at least until the peace treaties had been formally concluded.· It is the first of several accords that are expected to culminate in a peace treaty to formally end the Chiapas conflict.· Following parliamentary ratification, Chissano promulgated on Oct. 14 legislation approving the actual peace treaty as well as a general political amnesty.· Abetted by her husband, she refused to countenance the renunciations which Henry was to make in the peace treaty.· In the spring of 1950 decisions were reached in Washington that at last pointed the way forward towards a peace treaty. VERB► agree· One analysis is that a party to the Protocol has agreed to accept some treaty obligations.· They agreed on a treaty with Chief Massasoit that lasted half a century.· That is clearly understood by our partners and has been agreed in the treaty. ► bind· Thereafter they moved around the Balkans, sometimes in open war with the Romans, sometimes bound by treaty.· The goal is to write a legally binding treaty that would be signed in December by as many countries as possible.· The scope of that Article was to bind member States to treaties concluded by the organisation, not contracts under municipal law. ► conclude· Millett J. concluded that the treaty was a membership agreement, not one forming an agency relationship.· As an alternative to this bloc policy Khrushchev offered to conclude treaties of non-aggression and friendship with the states concerned. ► enter· States are expected to ensure that they do not enter into conflicting treaty arrangements.· Britain, like most other countries, has been entering treaties and alliances with other countries for hundreds of years.· Individuals as third parties Individuals can not enter into treaties, although States may enter into them on their behalf.· In the present context, the question is whether one State can enter into a treaty on behalf of another. ► negotiate· He negotiated a similar treaty with Tripoli in 1659.· But he was also instructed to negotiate a treaty with Siam.· There, in October, they negotiated a remarkable treaty, ending the ancient hostilities between the Blackfoot and the Nez Perce.· Fast-track authority allows the administration to negotiate a trade treaty without any additions or deletions by Congress.· Albright was to have breakfast Saturday morning with former President George Bush, who helped to negotiate the treaty. ► ratify· We hope that the republics will be willing to ratify the treaty and implement its terms.· The Senate ratified the treaty in 1854.· On 28 August, he ratified the Greenwich treaties.· The parliaments of both countries were due to ratify the treaty by the end of February 1991.· Next week he will appeal to the Senate to ratify a global treaty to ban chemical weapons.· Any state attempting to join later would have to ratify the treaty first-usually a long process.· But Mr Hurd said that the amendment would have no effect and that the Government would ratify the treaty anyway. ► reject· But the 11,000 island voters have rejected the treaty in six referendums since 1983. ► sign· The Prime Minister says that signing the treaty is merely taking an option on the right to join.· Another non-solution is to sign a treaty and then forget about it in a few years or declare it impossible to achieve.· Mr Mori said sanctions could not be lifted unless both sides signed the treaty.· On 24 November 1682 she signed a treaty along the lines dictated by her protector.· I want to sign the final treaty in Moscow ... when? PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► broker a deal/settlement/treaty etc [countable] a formal written agreement between two or more countries or governments: Both sides have agreed to sign the treaty. The peace treaty ends nearly four years of violence.treaty on a treaty on political unionCOLLOCATIONSverbssign a treaty· India refused to sign the treaty.conclude a treaty formal (=successfully finish arranging it)· In 1875 Japan and Russia concluded a treaty.negotiate a treaty (=discuss the conditions of a treaty with other people in order to reach an agreement)· He was instructed to negotiate a treaty with Siam.ratify a treaty (=make it official by signing it or accepting it)· The Government cannot ratify the treaty without Parliament’s consent.ADJECTIVES/NOUN + treatya peace treaty· Jordan signed a peace treaty with Israel.a draft treaty (=one that has been written but not yet signed)· The committee produced a draft treaty on arms limitation.an extradition treaty (=one which says that people can be brought back to a country for trial)· The United States has had an extradition treaty with Mexico since 1978.an international treaty· The US refused to sign any international treaty on cutting carbon emissions.a bilateral treaty (=one signed by two countries)· Uzbekistan and Russia signed a bilateral treaty of friendship.the Versailles/Maastricht etc treaty (=a treaty signed in a particular city)· Britain’s ratification of the Maastricht treaty looked set for further delay.phrasesthe terms/provisions of a treaty· Under the terms of the treaty, the two sides agreed to a ceasefire.the treaty of Versailles/Rome etc (=a treaty signed in a particular city)· Restrictive trading agreements are prohibited by the Treaty of Rome.
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