单词 | proposal |
释义 | proposalpro‧pos‧al /prəˈpəʊzəl $ -ˈpoʊ-/ ●●○ S3 W3 noun [countable] Examples EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES Thesaurus
THESAURUS► suggestion Collocations an idea, plan, or possibility that someone suggests: · We welcome any suggestions as to how to improve our service.· Sally made a few useful suggestions about places we could visit. ► proposal a formal or official suggestion: · They will consider our proposal at their next meeting.· The proposal to build a new airport has finally been rejected. ► recommendation an official suggestion about what to do, especially one that is contained in a report: · The safety board has made some recommendations.· The Government decided to accept the recommendation of the Lockwood Report. Longman Language Activatorsomething that someone suggests► suggestion something that someone suggests: · We welcome any suggestions from our viewers as to how to improve our service.make a suggestion: · She made some useful suggestions about places we could visit.have a suggestion (=want to make a suggestion): · Does anyone have any other suggestions?suggestion about: · We liked your suggestion about changing the timetable.suggestion that: · Barry ignored my suggestion that he should try phoning her again.open to suggestions (=willing to listen to ideas): · You must be flexible and open to suggestions in this job. ► proposal a formal or official suggestion that something should be done: · They will consider our proposal at their next meeting.put forward a proposal (=make one): · Their role is to put forward proposals for change. proposal to do something: · Their proposal to build a new airport has finally been rejected.proposal for: · They forwarded a list of proposals for the safe disposal of nuclear waste. ► recommendation a suggestion made, for example, by an official person or group, especially a suggestion that is contained in a report: make a recommendation: · The consultants have made several very good and valid recommendations.accept a recommendation: · We accept that recommendation and will act on it as soon as possible.on somebody's recommendation (=because someone has recommended it): · I bought the house on the realtor's recommendation and have regretted it ever since. ► proposition a plan of action that is suggested, especially in business or politics: · I'll consider your proposition and let you know.· We are prepared to look at any reasonable proposition from the council.make a proposition: · I have a proposition to make. WORD SETS► Familybaby, nounbarrier method, nounbetrothal, nounboy, nounBr., branch, nouncontraception, nouncousin, noundescendant, noundescent, noundistant, adjectivedivorce, noundivorce, verbdivorced, adjectivedivorcée, noundomestic, adjectivedowry, noundynasty, nounex, nounextended family, nounfamilial, adjectivefamily man, nounfamily planning, nounfamily tree, nounfather, nounfather-in-law, nounfiancé, nounfiancée, nounfilial, adjectivefirst cousin, noungodchild, noungoddaughter, noungrandad, noungrandaddy, noungrandchild, noungranddad, noungranddaddy, noungranddaughter, noungrandfather, noungrandma, noungrandmother, noungrandpa, noungrandparent, noungrandson, noungranny, nounhalf-brother, nounhalf-sister, nounhereditary, adjectivehouse husband, nounin-laws, nounintermarry, verbmaiden aunt, nounmaid of honour, nounmam, nounmama, nounmamma, nounmammy, nounman, nounmarital, adjectivematrimony, nounmiscegenation, nounmixed marriage, nounmonogamy, nounnuclear family, nounoedipal, adjectiveOedipus complex, nounone-parent family, nounparent, nounparentage, nounparental, adjectiveparenthood, nounparenting, nounpaternity, nounpaternity suit, nounpatriarch, nounpatriarchy, nounpedigree, nounpolygamy, nounpropinquity, nounproposal, nounrelative, nounscion, nounseparate, verbseparated, adjectiveseparation, nounsibling, nounsingle parent, nounsister, nounsister-in-law, nounstepbrother, nounstepchild, nounstepdaughter, nounstepfather, nounstepmother, nounstepsister, nounstepson, noununcle, noununion, noununmarried, adjectiveupbringing, nounwedding, nounwedlock, nounwhite wedding, nounwidow, nounwidower, nounwidowhood, noun COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRYverbs► make a proposal Phrases· I'd like to make a proposal. ► put forward/submit a proposal· They put forward a proposal for a joint research project. ► come up with a proposal (=think of one)· The sales staff came up with an innovative proposal. ► draw up a proposal· A committee of experts drew up proposals for a constitution. ► approve/accept a proposal· The proposal was approved by the committee. ► support/back a proposal· Not one of these organizations supports the government's proposals. ► reject a proposal· Councillors had twice rejected proposals for a new village school. ► consider a proposal· We shall consider their proposals carefully. ► discuss a proposal· He had discussed the proposal with the Egyptian president. ► vote on a proposal· Shareholders will vote on the proposal on May 5. ADJECTIVES/NOUN + proposal► a detailed proposal· They drew up a detailed proposal and submitted it to the Department of Energy. ► a specific/concrete proposal· The report will make specific proposals for further investigation. ► a research proposal· Applicants should submit a short research proposal on their chosen topic. ► a budget/tax proposal (=a budget/tax plan)· Criticism of the budget proposals was voiced by the International Monetary Fund. ► a peace proposal (=a plan to achieve peace)· The Israeli government responded positively to the US peace proposals. ► a formal proposal· Schools made formal written proposals. COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► a compromise proposal· The House of Representatives accepted a compromise proposal from the administration. ► a concrete proposal· People talked a lot but made few concrete proposals. ► a controversial plan/proposal/policy· the controversial plan to build a new airport ► draw up a proposal· The European Communities were drawing up proposals to control the export of chemicals. ► endorse a proposal/an idea/a candidate etc The prime minister is unlikely to endorse this view. ► far-reaching reforms/proposals/changes The country carried out far-reaching reforms to modernize its economy. ► a proposal of marriage formal (=when someone asks you to marry them)· She rejected his proposal of marriage. ► package of measures/proposals/incentives etc The government has announced a package of measures to assist affected areas. ► put a proposition/proposal to somebody· I’ve a proposition to put to you. ► put forward a proposal/suggestion· She put forward a compromise proposal. ► second a motion/proposal/amendment etc► submit an application/claim/proposal etc All applications must be submitted by Monday. ► veto legislation/a measure/a proposal etc President Bush vetoed the bill on July 6. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► forward· Against this background the member states of the Community asked the Commission to put forward proposals for achieving the single market.· It was the responsibility of the council to supply information to all the citizens and put forward proposals.· From this the person is expected to identify strengths and weaknesses in performance and then put forward proposals for change.· And, of course, I realise that when I bring forward proposals they will have to be judged on their merits.· Its new approach of competitive bidding has already galvanized towns and cities into bringing forward imaginative proposals for regeneration.· The Government brought forward proposals in 1986 to reform the shopping laws, but Parliament was not able to agree a conclusion.· We will bring forward proposals to ensure that the control of drug misuse is co-ordinated effectively.· This Committee had instructed consultants to make a survey and put forward proposals. ► new· How such planning would fare under the new proposals is not clear.· The Venture Research scheme is still expanding: we are still looking for new proposals!· Although his aides portrayed the speech as adding more substance to his message, Alexander offers no new policy proposals.· Will he give an assurance that in future research at Leeds polytechnic will be funded under the new joint proposals?· To show the world that the United States does not want reunification, it is necessary to keep making new peace proposals.· There are new proposals for the green currency system after next year for non-euro countries. ► original· The original proposal was for no guaranteed funding and payment to be in arrears.· The original proposal featured centre loading islands, but this idea was abandoned.· Under his original proposal, much of the savings would have gone to the wealthy.· Clearly, the difference between the original proposals put forward in the White Paper and the final solution in 1977 is enormous.· What occurred none the less fell well short of the Community's original proposals.· The original proposals, which in a modified form became the 1983 Act, brought these in.· The original proposal documents from the firms offer key accounting variables. ► specific· According to the Washington Post of March 6 Baker urged the delegations to focus on negotiating specific proposals.· Other nasty details afflict specific balanced-budget proposals, but I think enough has been said to make the point.· On July 15 both countries issued specific proposals designed to increase cultural contacts.· These basic allocations set the ground rules for decisionmaking on specific proposals.· The President made no specific proposals on the matter, however.· The report will discuss this aspect and make specific proposals for further investigation.· There was both support for and opposition to the specific proposal on which we sought views. NOUN► budget· Oslo: The government's 1990 budget proposals had little effect, with the index slipping 2.39 to 515.81 in moderate trade.· Strong oral and written communication skills are essential for analysts to prepare, present, and defend budget proposals to decision makers.· The Republicans' budget proposal for 1995 would have eliminated the subsidy students can get while in college.· His only promise to the Democrats, he says, was to support the final budget proposal that emerged from the committee.· The 1978 Budget proposals were amended.· Budget analysts spend the majority of their time working independently, compiling and analyzing data and preparing budget proposals.· The Clinton administration has proposed expanding Operation Restore Trust nationwide by allocating it $ 597 million under the fiscal 1997 budget proposal.· In his budget proposal, homeowners will get their promised capital-gains-tax break on sales, Clinton said. ► draft· The draft proposals tend to emphasize advisory structures and roles.· It is relevant to the agricultural sector and there are several references to environmental considerations in the draft proposal.· The assembly divided itself into five committees and 26 sub-committees to dissect the 131 draft proposals it has received.· The draft proposals were to be discussed with the trade unions and opposition parties before being submitted to the People's Assembly. ► marriage· She had given up counting the number of marriage proposals she had turned down over the years.· Consider, for example, the question of marriage proposals.· The refusal to accept a marriage proposal was often interpreted as a statement of superiority.· Then his girlfriend decides to accept the marriage proposal of an-other man.· Despite becoming constant companions, she says his marriage proposal still came as a shock.· Since it was swiftly followed by a marriage proposal it must have gone down fairly well. ► research· The research proposal involves the organisation of two seminars to bring together researchers in the two regions.· It does mean that the justification is different and must be stated in the research proposal.· Come back to me in a few weeks with another research proposal.· It is for these reasons that a complete and comprehensive methodology section be included in the research proposal.· This is a historical accident owing to the nature of the original research proposal.· The review of literature section and more often than not will comprise the longest section in the research proposal.· The implementation of such policies depends critically on the refereeing of research proposals and the operation of grant-awarding committees.· It is recommended that an outline of the final research report format be placed at the very end of the research proposal. ► tax· The president, to be sure, opposes many Republican tax proposals.· On 26 January he must give his State of the Union address in which he will outline his major tax proposals.· Traditionally the Chancellor of the Exchequer relents in relation to some minor aspects of the tax proposals in the Budget.· Lamar Alexander has preferred to assail Forbes on his flat tax proposal.· He does not want to be probed on questions of public expenditure relating to the Labour party and its tax proposals. VERB► accept· If road-users are to accept the proposal, they will need to be persuaded that they will get something in exchange.· How could she accept the proposal of a man she had known for only a few weeks.· His sense of superiority convinces him that Elizabeth will accept his proposal.· They are demanding that Clinton accept much of their proposal before they will increase the debt ceiling limit.· Campaigners now hope parish councillors will abandon their scheme for 30 new lights and accept alternative proposals instead.· Then his girlfriend decides to accept the marriage proposal of an-other man.· Perhaps this would be a way of persuading the government to accept the proposal. ► agree· They agreed to our proposal to exchange lists of a dozen or more writers.· Only one of the ten radical leaders in the room agreed to the proposal.· Do the Government agree with those proposals?· In a related move, the Rules Committee agreed to a proposal by Rep.· The Executive Committee have agreed to this proposal for the following reasons.· The pilots agreed to the proposal in a letter to Federal Express on Friday, according to a spokesman for the union.· How can this be agreed with the present proposal for the new crosstown route? ► approve· In both cases the Bar Council approved and submitted proposals to amend the Regulations.· The county Board of Supervisors unanimously approved some proposals for the program yesterday.· These were approved on the proposal of, seconded by.· The Board of Supervisors should have no problem approving the proposal.· All this worrying proved for naught, because within the week senior management approved her proposal.· The Supreme Soviet approved the proposals in principle on Nov. 17.· Cincinnati voters recently approved a proposal to build two new sports stadiums, one for football, another for baseball. ► consider· She seemed to consider the proposal favourably and Princess Margaret, who I knew was keen on the idea, was supportive.· While pretending to consider her proposals, he had in fact been plotting against her.· Delegates complained that Mayor had not consulted the executive board, which was scheduled to meet in May to consider the proposals.· The council is considering a proposal to double that limit.· The right step is for the Select Committee on Catering to consider the proposals, as it will do shortly.· Why should Benedict even have considered the proposal?· Mr. Taylor My right hon. Friend is putting forward and considering proposals for reform. ► discuss· Already he has called an extraordinary meeting of directors and supporters to discuss his radical new proposals.· The manager should discuss the proposals for the coming year's maintenance programme before the allocation of annual leave to nurses.· City hall staffers said the mayor is busy campaigning for re-election and did not have time to discuss the park proposal.· Councils have been discussing the proposal since a meeting last year with transport undersecretary Patrick McLoughlin.· It was agreed to discuss the proposal further through talks between the foreign ministers of the two countries.· N., Nizar Hamdoon, said Monday that his country would be willing to discuss the proposal without setting conditions. ► draw· Even drawing up proposals for recycling waste materials in Britain requires ten sub-committees.· Formation of constitutional commission A commission to draw up proposals for changes to the 1947 Constitution was established on Sept. 9.· Although the Commission drew up proposals, adopted by the Council in June 1980, no conferences have been held since. ► include· It is now not uncommon for consultancies to include in their proposals for a campaign how they intend to measure its success.· A reference by the Director may include a proposal for a ministerial order dealing with the consumer trade practice, section 17.· It is for these reasons that a complete and comprehensive methodology section be included in the research proposal.· The budget he submits to Congress is expected to include such proposals.· The document also includes proposals to bring vocational qualifications nearer to the A-level gold standard.· The final revision dropped the four constraints included in the Senate proposal, thus protecting the flexibility of the block grant. ► oppose· That is why we oppose the proposals.· The National Rifle Association and other advocates of firearms rights are expected to vigorously oppose these proposals.· The Communist Party had originally been opposed to such a proposal.· Once again, Democrats oppose a Wilson proposal because of its impact on education.· It firmly opposed the Commission's proposals.· The president, to be sure, opposes many Republican tax proposals.· Fnac is asking its customers to sign a petition opposing the proposals to reintroduce r.p.m. on books.· Neither Democrats nor Republicans in the House are likely to go along and the Clinton administration opposes both proposals as now drawn. ► present· At a meeting last month, Mr Alvarez presented some policy proposals, which have been politely ignored.· Commissioners met individually with Castillo to present their proposals for neighborhood improvements to be funded under the pass-through allocations.· Progress of constitutional talks Buoyed by its success in the referendum, the government moved swiftly to present revised constitutional proposals.· The comment space, however, is too tiny to present this proposal convincingly.· The Government wish to present our proposals for legislation that will enable the electricity industry in Northern Ireland to be privatised.· When Grandcourt languidly presents his proposal. her vacillation intrigues him.· I am willing to wager that the Government will not present proposals before the election about the salary of top civil servants.· It is therefore important that a detailed description of your study population be presented in the research proposal. ► put· The results have to be published and should not be only of interest to the client group who put forward the proposal.· It was the responsibility of the council to supply information to all the citizens and put forward proposals.· Against this background the member states of the Community asked the Commission to put forward proposals for achieving the single market.· He demurred, he asked for time to think, to consult his wife, to put the proposal to his daughter.· Chen has now put flesh on his proposal in an interview with Business Week.· It is only right that we should put forward modest proposals to ensure that there is access to interpreters.· He put the proposals forward formally in a letter to the two houses of parliament and the Constitutional Court on Nov. 30.· This Committee had instructed consultants to make a survey and put forward proposals. ► reject· In Committee, the Government rejected our fair rates proposals.· Today you rejected a proposal of marriage, and now you shall be punished for your arrogance.· On Sunday the national executive committee firmly rejected the proposal to set up a working party to study electoral reform.· Reitman rejected the proposal, which was accompanied by a threat of more litigation.· Besides, Californians overwhelmingly rejected a similar proposal four years ago.· We categorically reject their proposal and think the United States should reject their proposal.· Field experiments are also to be conducted to explore the factors that lead executives to accept or reject investment project proposals.· Secretary of Agriculture Clifford Hardin found no cause for the increase and rejected the proposal. ► submit· The manager submits proposals for changes in the nursing establishment, based on the establishment profile.· The Pentagon said in a prepared statement that it had sought bids from 190 contractors but that only three submitted proposals.· The governor will submit his proposal later this month, along with his proposed fiscal 1997 state budget.· The application form encouraged artists to submit proposals for installation, murals, outdoor sculpture. film, video and performance work.· He promised to submit the immunity proposal to the legislature back home.· Two groups were shortlisted to submit financial proposals last October.· The other bidders submitted fine proposals that could be revived if the Allied deal fell apart, Horn said. ► support· However, a consultation exercise last year showed that councils, police and courts supported the proposals.· His only promise to the Democrats, he says, was to support the final budget proposal that emerged from the committee.· No permanent member supported the proposal, and it was dropped.· Elorriaga had decided to withdraw when Congress refused to support his proposals on taxation and on the refunding of the public debt.· Now Labour-controlled Bradford council has supported outline building proposals, leaving the Widdups little option but to go.· We wonder if any of the other signers are similarly being misrepresented as supporting this seriously flawed proposal.· In their letter, the panel members said they could not support the proposal without adjustments.· The newspaper, El Tiempo, supported the monarchical proposal without subterfuge. ► welcome· The presbyterian and methodist churches in Ireland, along with the Church of Ireland, welcomed the proposal.· Contributions will normally be commissioned by an appointed member of the Editorial Board, but the Board welcomes proposals for reviews.· We welcome the proposals to reduce the super-power arsenals.· John's father Eric today welcomed the new proposals.· We welcome your inquiries, proposals, and ideas.· Age Concern welcomes the Government's proposals to remove administrative barriers to people who wish to change general practitioners.· Because science aims at theories with a large informative content, the falsificationist welcomes the proposal of bold speculative conjectures.· However, the FoE did welcome a number of proposals they had been campaigning on for some time. PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► draft proposal/copy/version etc 1a plan or suggestion which is made formally to an official person or group, or the act of making it → proposeproposal for the government’s proposals for regulation of the industryproposal to do something The committee put forward a proposal to reduce the time limit.proposal that They rejected proposals that the president should be directly elected.2when you ask someone to marry youmarriage proposal/proposal of marriage She politely declined his proposal of marriage.COLLOCATIONSverbsmake a proposal· I'd like to make a proposal.put forward/submit a proposal· They put forward a proposal for a joint research project.come up with a proposal (=think of one)· The sales staff came up with an innovative proposal.draw up a proposal· A committee of experts drew up proposals for a constitution.approve/accept a proposal· The proposal was approved by the committee.support/back a proposal· Not one of these organizations supports the government's proposals.reject a proposal· Councillors had twice rejected proposals for a new village school.consider a proposal· We shall consider their proposals carefully.discuss a proposal· He had discussed the proposal with the Egyptian president.vote on a proposal· Shareholders will vote on the proposal on May 5.ADJECTIVES/NOUN + proposala detailed proposal· They drew up a detailed proposal and submitted it to the Department of Energy.a specific/concrete proposal· The report will make specific proposals for further investigation.a research proposal· Applicants should submit a short research proposal on their chosen topic.a budget/tax proposal (=a budget/tax plan)· Criticism of the budget proposals was voiced by the International Monetary Fund.a peace proposal (=a plan to achieve peace)· The Israeli government responded positively to the US peace proposals.a formal proposal· Schools made formal written proposals.
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