单词	diagnosis
释义	diagnosisdi‧ag‧no‧sis /ˌdaɪəɡˈnəʊsɪs $ -ˈnoʊ-/ ●○○ noun (plural diagnoses /-siːz/) [countable, uncountable] Word Origin WORD ORIGINdiagnosis Origin: 1600-1700 Modern Latin, Greek, from diagignoskein ‘to know apart’ Examples EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS A diagnosis would not be made for 48 hours, until the results of blood tests are returned. Armed with a video, patients can explore their diagnosis in the privacy of their home with the luxury of time. Disseminated histoplasmosis can be treated effectively if the diagnosis is made quickly and anti-fungal drug therapy is started early. Furthermore, a careful history and physical examination permit a confident diagnosis that stands up over time. Madness is a diagnosis or verdict of some of our greatest doctors and geniuses, and of their man-disappointed minds. The camera tracks the movement of these materials, thus assisting in diagnosis of cancers or various types of cardiovascular disease. The colon was not assessed in nine patients in whom the diagnosis of malignant disease elsewhere had been obtained by other tests. This is especially so when a diagnosis of dementia blinds works to remaining skills. word sets WORD SETS► Hospital aether, nounaftercare, nounambulance, nounamniocentesis, nounampoule, nounamputate, verbanaesthesia, nounanaesthetize, verbanodyne, nounantibiotic, nounantidote, nounantiseptic, nounantiseptic, adjectiveappendectomy, nounartificial respiration, nounastringent, adjectiveastringent, nounbandage, verbbathe, verbbed bath, nounbedpan, nounbiopsy, nounblood bank, nounblood donor, nounblood group, nounbloodletting, nounblood transfusion, nounbrain scan, nounbridge, nouncaesarean, nouncallipers, nouncapsule, nouncardiac, adjectivecast, nouncasualty, nouncatheter, nounCAT scan, nouncauterize, verbcervical smear, nouncesarean, nouncheckup, nounchemotherapy, nounchiropractor, nounclinic, nounclinical, adjectiveclinical thermometer, nouncommit, verbcompress, nounconstruct, verbconsultant, nounconsulting room, nounconvalesce, verbconvalescence, nounconvalescent, nouncosmetic surgery, nouncottage hospital, nouncrown, nouncrown, verbcrutch, nouncurative, adjectivecure, nouncure, verbD and C, nounday room, noundecongestant, noundentistry, noundermatology, noundetox, noundetoxification, noundiagnose, verbdiagnosis, noundiagnostic, adjectivedialysis, noundischarge, verbdischarge, noundispensary, noundoctor, verbdonate, verbdonor, noundress, verbdrug rehabilitation, nounear trumpet, nounECG, nounECT, noun-ectomy, suffixEEG, nounEKG, nounElastoplast, nounelective, adjectiveelectric shock therapy, nounemergency room, nounendoscope, nounenema, nounepidural, nounether, nouneviscerate, verbexam, nounexamination, nounexamine, verbfacelift, nounfilling, nounfirst aid, nounfirst aider, nounfirst aid kit, nounforceps, noungauze, noungeriatrics, noungraft, noungraft, verbgrommet, noungurney, nounhealth care, nounhealth centre, nounhealth service, nounheart-lung machine, nounhospice, nounhospital, nounhypnotherapy, nounhypo, nounhypodermic, nounhypodermic, adjectivehysterectomy, nounice pack, nounimplant, verbimplant, nounincision, nounincubator, nouninduce, verbinfection, nouninfirmary, nouninject, verbinjection, nouninlay, nouninoculate, verbinpatient, nouninseminate, verbinstitutionalize, verbintensive care, nouninternal medicine, nounintravenous, adjectiveinvasive, adjectivein vitro fertilization, nounirrigate, verbisolation, nounisometrics, nounIV, nounIVF, nounkeyhole surgery, nounlamp, nounlaudanum, nounlaughing gas, nounlaxative, nounlife support system, nounlinctus, nounliniment, nounlint, nounlobotomy, nounlumpectomy, nounmammography, nounmanipulate, verbmanipulative, adjectivemassage, nounmassage, verbmastectomy, nounmedical, adjectivemedical, nounmedicine, nounmental hospital, nounmonitor, nounmouth-to-mouth resuscitation, nounMRI, nounNational Health Service, the, negative, adjectivenose job, nounnursing home, nounob/gyn, nounobstetrics, nounoccupational therapy, nounold folks' home, nounold people's home, nounop, nounopen-heart surgery, nounoperable, adjectiveoperate, verboperating room, nounoperating table, nounoperating theatre, nounoperation, nounoperative, adjectiveorthodontics, nounorthopedic, adjectiveorthopedics, nounosteopathy, nounoutpatient, nounoxygen mask, nounoxygen tent, nounpacemaker, nounpack, nounpadded cell, nounpaediatrics, nounpalliative, nounpalpate, verbPap smear, nounpetroleum jelly, nounphial, nounphysiotherapy, nounpill, nounplaster, nounplaster cast, nounplastic surgery, nounpost-mortem, nounpoultice, nounprep, verbprescription, nounpreventive medicine, nounprimary health care, nounprivate medicine, nounprivate patient, nounprobe, nounprophylactic, adjectiveprosthesis, nounquarantine, nounquarantine, verbradiographer, nounradiography, nounradiologist, nounradiology, nounradiotherapy, nounreceive, verbrecovery room, nounrehabilitate, verbreject, verbreset, verbresidential care, nounresidential treatment facility, nounrest home, nounresuscitate, verbrhinoplasty, nounRx, saline, nounsanatorium, nounscalpel, nounscan, nounscreen, verbscreening, nounsection, nounsection, verbsedate, verbset, verbshock treatment, nounsickbay, nounsickroom, nounsilicone implant, nounskin graft, nounsmear, nounsmear test, nounsmelling salts, nounsocialized medicine, nounspatula, nounspecimen, nounsperm bank, nounsplint, nounstaunch, verbstethoscope, nounstitch, nounstomach pump, nounstretcher, nounsurgery, nounsurgical, adjectivesuture, nounswab, nounswab, verbsyringe, nounsyringe, verbtablet, nountape, verbteaching hospital, nountermination, nountheatre, nountherapy, nounthermometer, nountongue depressor, nountourniquet, nountracheotomy, nountranquillize, verbtransfusion, nountransplant, verbtransplant, nountreatment, nountruss, nountuck, nounultrasound, nounvaccinate, verbvasectomy, nounventilator, nounveterinary, adjectivevisiting hours, nounward, nounwell-woman, adjectivewetting solution, nounwheelchair, nounX-ray, nounX-ray, verb Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRYverbs► make a diagnosis · Don't take any medicines before a doctor has made a proper diagnosis. ► give (somebody) a diagnosis · They'll be able to give me a diagnosis when they get the results of the tests. ► establish/reach a diagnosis · It is important to establish the diagnosis and begin treatment quickly. ► confirm a diagnosis · The clinic confirmed the diagnosis. adjectives► an early diagnosis (=at an early stage of a disease)· Early diagnosis gives patients the best chance of recovery. ► a medical diagnosis (=given by a doctor)· The company manufactures monitoring equipment for medical diagnosis. ► a clinical diagnosis (=given as the result of tests)· Pneumonia was the most common clinical diagnosis with these symptoms. ► a correct/accurate diagnosis · It is impossible to make an accurate diagnosis without an examination. ► an incorrect/wrong diagnosis · The doctors apparently made an incorrect diagnosis. ► a positive diagnosis (=saying that a disease is present)· Following a positive diagnosis, you will be admitted for hospital treatment. COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► a doctor diagnoses flu/depression etc (=says what illness someone has)· The doctor diagnosed malaria. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► accurate · After the tubercle bacillus was identified, accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis, of the lungs and of other organs, became possible.· The challenge in making an accurate diagnosis begins immediately when the consultant enters the organization.· Lack of tenacity could be a more accurate diagnosis.· We give structured assessments, order appropriate investigations, reach an accurate diagnosis and then make the relevant treatment or referral.· The accurate diagnosis achieved combined with the evolution of intrauterine surgery, however, is radically changing patients' management.· But although this discovery has made accurate diagnosis much easier, the way in which the expansion occurs remains to be understood.· Patients who fail to respond to these regimens or whose symptoms do not allow an accurate clinical diagnosis should be referred. ► clinical · Delayed gastric emptying after surgery was confirmed in only 20% of patients referred with this clinical diagnosis.· The results are often at variance with the clinical diagnosis.· Patients who fail to respond to these regimens or whose symptoms do not allow an accurate clinical diagnosis should be referred.· It is a safe, clinical diagnosis requiring no investigation. ► correct · It was then shown the correct diagnosis in each case, broken into five categories, ranging from flatulence to angina.· However, calculation of the anion gap will lead the clinician to the correct diagnosis.· Since it is virtually impossible to obtain cultures for the gonococcus, the chances of making the correct diagnosis are considerably reduced.· It is clearly imperative to arrive at a correct diagnosis of the origins of involuntary unemployment.· A further characteristic to aid a correct diagnosis is a marked shortening of the bloom stalks.· Gautama Buddha looked on himself as a doctor and discovered the correct diagnosis of man's suffering.· She was nearly adopted before the correct diagnosis became obvious at the age of five.· The operation, and the lack of a correct diagnosis of her true illness, had killed her. ► differential · The differential diagnosis includes both primary psychiatric illness and a wide range of organic acute brain syndromes, including substance abuse.· The differential diagnosis of the condition should include hyperuricemia occurring secondary to renal failure of another cause.· Sarcoidosis with intestinal involvement is the main differential diagnosis in our patient.· Where Ancylostoma is also endemic, differential diagnosis may require larval culture although the treatment is similar.· The usual differential diagnosis lies between non-specific urethritis and gonorrhoea. ► early · It is now more widely recognized, leading to earlier diagnosis.· Because prevention is of primary importance, early diagnosis is the goal.· This only adds to the suffering, because early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are necessary to prevent long-term complications.· It also will discourage other members from seeking early diagnosis and the treatments that can prolong their lives.· It has been validated for early diagnosis of tuberculosis.· Coelocentesis: a new technique for early prenatal diagnosis Chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis have disadvantages.· Beating the enemy Vigilance is the best weapon, since early diagnosis and prompt treatment can make all the difference.· Conclusions - An increased use of diagnostic imaging for pyloric stenosis did not lead to earlier diagnosis or better management. ► final · In all cases the final diagnosis had not been suggested before manometry.· Twenty two required biopsies but in only three cases was the final diagnosis different from that initially suggested by the consultant. ► initial · Plain radiography, with its superior spatial resolution, remains a key investigation in the initial diagnosis of a primary bone tumour.· Waiting for the results of tests, like waiting for an initial diagnosis, can be stressful and worrying.· All cases are presented and discussed at the weekly team meeting, after which an initial diagnosis is made.· Patients transferred after initial diagnosis elsewhere and patients referred for consultation only were excluded.· An initial diagnosis of the Gettier counter-examples may be that it is just luck that Henry's justified belief is true. ► medical · The medical diagnosis was cerebral palsy.· Sophisticated monitoring equipment and sensing devices for medical diagnosis have been available for some time.· Many have proved beneficial to areas such as medical diagnosis, geological prospecting and computer system configuration.· Or, there is the medical diagnosis system.· Member meant it as a medical diagnosis. ► positive · A month ago he had a positive diagnosis and was treated at the Churchill Hospital.· Even in this demonstration project one of the nine families with a positive diagnosis apparently entered the programme in ignorance.· In view of this influence on patient management, a positive diagnosis of 30.6% in patients with non-cardiac chest pain justifies its use.· Patient selection, therefore, affected their rate of positive diagnosis, which was only 14% compared with 50.7% in our study.· A positive diagnosis was made in 50.7% of referrals. ► prenatal · Accurate dating of pregnancy is important for other reasons, such as prenatal diagnosis and early identification of intrauterine growth retardation.· Coelocentesis: a new technique for early prenatal diagnosis Chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis have disadvantages.· We included genetic counselling alone, for familial cases when no prenatal diagnosis is available, among primary preventive approaches.· Coelocentesis may be suitable for prenatal diagnosis in the first trimester.· Our findings also point to the increasing importance of fetal ultrasonography in the prenatal diagnosis of fetal trisomy 21.· One of their main findings is the increasing importance of fetal ultrasonography in the prenatal diagnosis of fetal trisomy 21.· They hope to get a diagnostic test and prenatal diagnosis out to people as quickly as possible.· We have demonstrated the feasibility of coelocentesis and its potential for prenatal diagnosis before 10 weeks' gestation. ► psychiatric · Sometimes it is incorrectly assumed that listing patients' problems precludes inclusion of psychiatric diagnosis. NOUN► fault · It was also useful from the point of view of fault diagnosis.· Other applications include sound recognition, fault diagnosis, and robot control.· These groups were fault diagnosis, access to technical information, and maintenance planning and scheduling.· At least one application, fault diagnosis, promised to be highly cost effective. VERB► confirm · Endoscopy was performed at entry to confirm the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease.· It is helpful in confirming the diagnosis of epilepsy.· All patients underwent colonoscopy or flexible sigmoidoscopy before study entry to confirm the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis.· Cocainization of the pharynx relieves the pain in some; when positive, this test confirms the diagnosis.· Conventional allergists use skin tests to confirm the diagnosis, not to make it.· The sedimentation rate is elevated in 90-95 % of these patients and when above 50 Westergren helps confirm the diagnosis.· The disappearance of symptoms during elimination and reappearance on challenge confirm the diagnosis.· Doctors can usually hear pneumonia, he says, and an X-ray can confirm the diagnosis. ► consider · Fear of public criticism may well be intimidating some doctors, making them less inclined to consider the diagnosis. ► establish · A positive biopsy establishes the diagnosis.· They had established a running diagnosis of Rift Valley fever, dengue or the dreaded Ebola.· The demonstration of muscle rigidity is most important in establishing the diagnosis.· We compared the times taken to establish a definite diagnosis for the remaining infants from the time of presentation at the hospital.· Liver function tests and liver biopsy may also help in establishing the diagnosis.· Labelled red blood cells and selective visceral angiography have been recommended to establish the diagnosis.· Temporal artery biopsy is considered the definitive test in establishing the diagnosis. ► give · Some people say that they are actually relieved when they are given a diagnosis.· Viral cultures during an attack will give the diagnosis in cases such as these. ► help · Another characteristic of reactions to chemicals is that they come on very promptly after the exposure - which helps in the diagnosis.· Liver function tests and liver biopsy may also help in establishing the diagnosis.· But now scanning techniques have been improved, which will help make early diagnosis possible.· Voice over A second scanner at the John Radcliffe Hospital can help make the diagnosis even clearer.· Who can help to make the diagnosis of alcoholism? ► lead · It is now more widely recognized, leading to earlier diagnosis.· Many doctors are not aware of this and are led to a false diagnosis of seizure disorder.· Three months later, the patient had fever and headache which led to the diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasmosis with multiple cerebral abscesses.· Conclusions - An increased use of diagnostic imaging for pyloric stenosis did not lead to earlier diagnosis or better management.· Epigastric pain is uncommon and concurrent peptic ulcer disease may lead to an incorrect diagnosis.· In medicine, measurement and observation often lead to diagnosis and cure, though not invariably so. ► make · Tiny, custom-made nanobots could help a doctor make his diagnosis.· No laboratory test or pathological finding can make an absolutely certain diagnosis of sarcoidosis.· Since it is virtually impossible to obtain cultures for the gonococcus, the chances of making the correct diagnosis are considerably reduced.· We will briefly discuss each of these power relationships for their importance in making a comprehensive diagnosis. 1.· Most doctors are fairly unshockable, and they will need all the facts if they are to make a proper diagnosis.· Eventually, however, arterial blood gas values will be required to make a definitive acid-base diagnosis.· But now scanning techniques have been improved, which will help make early diagnosis possible.· The challenge in making an accurate diagnosis begins immediately when the consultant enters the organization. ► receive · There will, therefore, be a built-in tendency for inflated numbers of women to receive this diagnosis. ► use · Bruce had a simple pendulum of the kind people employ to locate water, and which he used for diagnosis.· Hence its measurement is used in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular accidents. the process of discovering exactly what is wrong with someone or something, by examining them closely → prognosisdiagnosis of diagnosis of kidney disease An exact diagnosis can only be made by obtaining a blood sample.COLLOCATIONSverbsmake a diagnosis· Don't take any medicines before a doctor has made a proper diagnosis.give (somebody) a diagnosis· They'll be able to give me a diagnosis when they get the results of the tests.establish/reach a diagnosis· It is important to establish the diagnosis and begin treatment quickly.confirm a diagnosis· The clinic confirmed the diagnosis.adjectivesan early diagnosis (=at an early stage of a disease)· Early diagnosis gives patients the best chance of recovery.a medical diagnosis (=given by a doctor)· The company manufactures monitoring equipment for medical diagnosis.a clinical diagnosis (=given as the result of tests)· Pneumonia was the most common clinical diagnosis with these symptoms.a correct/accurate diagnosis· It is impossible to make an accurate diagnosis without an examination.an incorrect/wrong diagnosis· The doctors apparently made an incorrect diagnosis.a positive diagnosis (=saying that a disease is present)· Following a positive diagnosis, you will be admitted for hospital treatment.
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