consumptioncon‧sump‧tion /kənˈsʌmpʃən/ ●●○ W3 AWL noun [uncountable] 
dramatic rises in fuel consumption Vigorous exercise increases oxygen consumption.2food/drink a)formal the act of eating or drinkingconsumption of The consumption of alcohol on the premises is forbidden.fit/unfit for human consumption (=safe or not safe to eat) The meat was declared unfit for human consumption. b)the amount of a substance that people eat, drink, smoke etcalcohol/tobacco/caffeine etc consumption The Government wants to reduce tobacco consumption by 40%.3buying the act of buying and using products: art intended for mass consumption (=to be bought, seen etc by lots of people) China’s austerity program has cut domestic consumption (=when products are bought in the country where they were produced).conspicuous consumption (=when people buy expensive products to prove they are rich)4for general/public/private etc consumption intended to be heard or read only by a particular group of people: figures that are not for public consumption5 old-fashioned tuberculosisCOLLOCATIONSADJECTIVES/NOUN + consumptionhigh/low· People should stop using expensive cars with a high petrol consumption.total consumption· Total consumption of petrol has risen by 20%.domestic consumption (=use of something in the country where it is produced)· Domestic consumption of oil has increased.household consumption (=use in the home)· The government is encouraging us to reduce our household consumption of water.energy consumption· Over a quarter of our energy consumption is in the home.fuel/electricity/gas consumption· There are three possible methods of reducing oil consumption.verbsreduce consumption· The system will be introduced into all stores to reduce energy consumption by up to 10%cut consumption (=reduce it)· a plan to cut energy consumption by 40%consumption rises/increases/goes up· Consumption of unleaded fuel rose by 17% in 1992.consumption falls/decreases/goes down· Coal consumption has fallen dramatically.
WORD ORIGINconsumption
Origin:
1300-1400 Latin consumptio, from consumere; ➔ CONSUMEEXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES
- an increase in the consumption of electrical products
- declining consumption of coal, oil and gas
- Dr. Boxhall said I should cut down on my alcohol consumption.
- Fuel consumption is predicted to rise.
- Most people are aware of the need to reduce energy consumption.
- The "Five-a-Day" promotion is meant to increase the consumption of fresh produce.
- The government is urging people to reduce their water consumption.
- By January 1941 a Central Statistical Office was turning out regular reports on production figures, inflation, consumption and manpower resources.
- Cyclical variations in consumption, investment and national income following an increase in autonomous investment - explosive case.
- In 1980, the per capita consumption in the United States was 18 pounds of cheese of which one-third was cottage cheese.
- Others factors can be, such as obesity, high alcohol consumption and lack of exercise.
- Several other recent studies have shown that moderate consumption of red wine, in particular, is helpful for preventing heart disease.
- The plan aims to reward saving and tax consumption.
Longman Language Activatorthe amount of something that is used
the amount of fuel, energy etc that people use: water/fuel/energy etc consumption: · The government is urging people to reduce their water consumption.· Most people are aware of the need to reduce energy consumption.consumption of: · declining consumption of coal, oil and gas
when something cannot be eaten food, plants, and animals that are inedible cannot be eaten, especially because they have a bad taste: · Onondaga Lake is now so polluted that the fish are inedible.· Mark hadn't realized that the leaves of the rhubarb plant were inedible.
not suitable for people to eat -- used especially in official contexts: · Most of this meat is so old it is unfit for human consumption.· Warning: Animal Feed only -- Unfit for human consumption.
WORD SETSabsolute advantage, active population, additionality, nounadjustable peg, nounannual earnings, anti-dumping, adjectiveanti-inflation, adjectiveausterity, nounbad debt, nounbalance of payments, nounbalance of trade, nounbalance sheet, nounbank money, bank rate, nounbankrupt, adjectivebankrupt, verbbankrupt, nounbarrier to trade, nounbilateralism, nounblack market, nounboom, nounbroad money, brown goods, nounbudget, nounCACM, capital accumulation, nouncapital formation, nouncapitalism, nouncapitalist, adjectivecapital surplus, cartel, nouncentral government borrowing requirement, CGBR, Chicago School, nounclosed economy, nouncommerce clause, commodity, nouncommodity product, comparative advantage, consumer, nounconsumer confidence, nounconsumer durables, nounconsumer goods, nounconsumer price index, nounconsumer surplus, consumption, nounconsumption function, nounCost of Production Theory of Value, nouncreditor turnover rate, nouncredit rationing, noundebt ratio, deflate, verbdemand, noundemand and supply, noundemand price, demonstration effect, deregulate, verbdeveloped, adjectivedirigisme, noundiscretionary spending, dishoarding, noundisinflation, noundisposable income, noundis-saving, noundisutility, noundiversify, verbdivision of labour, noundole queue, dollars-and-cents, adjectivedowntick, noundownturn, noundrawdown, nouneconomic, adjectiveeconomic goods, economic paradigm, economist, nouneconomy, nounefficient market, elasticity of demand, nounelasticity of substitution, nounembargo, verbemployment theory, euro-zone, exchange, nounExchange equalization account, exchange rate mechanism, nounexpectations, nounexpenditure, nounexternal account, external competitiveness, externality, nounfactor cost, factor of production, nounFederal funds, fiscal, adjectivefloor, nounflow of funds, nounforced saving, for-profit, adjectivefree enterprise, nounfree marketeer, nounfree movement, nounfree trade, nounGDP, nounGNP, nounGoldilocks economy, goods, noungoods and services, noungross domestic product, noungross national product, noungross product, nounguaranteed price, hyperinflation, nounIMF, the, IMF quota, imperfect competition, imperfect market, import, nounimport, verbimportation, nounimporter, nounincome effect, industrial output index, Industrial Sentiment index, inelastic, adjectiveinflate, verbinflation, nouninflationary, adjectiveintermediate goods, International Monetary Fund, nouninvestment goods, J-curve, nounknowledge economy, labour-intensive, adjectivelabour market, nounLaffer curve, nounlaissez-faire, nounliving standard, nounMaastricht Treaty, nounmacroeconomics, nounmarginal revenue, market-driven, adjectivemarket economy, nounmarket failure, market forces, nounmarket-led, adjectivemarket-oriented, adjectivemarket value, nounmixed economy, nounmonetarism, nounmonetary, adjectivemoney income, monopsony, nounmultilateralism, nounNAIRU, nounnational debt, nounnational income, nationalize, verbnational wealth, neocolonialism, nounnet output, NIC, nounnominal price, non-durable goods, open-market, adjectiveoutflow, nounoverheated, adjectivepass-along, nounpass-through, nounpeg, verbper-capita income, perfect competition, perfect market, personal saving, political economy, nounpost-industrial, adjectivePPI, price control, nounprice effect, price fixing, nounprice-fixing, nounprice index, nounprice-insensitive, adjectiveprice-sensitive, adjectiveprice support, nounprice theory, primary production, private enterprise, nounprivately-owned, adjectiveprivatization, nounprivatize, verbproducer price index, production control, protect, verbprotectionism, nounprotective, adjectivepublic enterprise, public ownership, nounpublic sector borrowing requirement, public service, nounPurchasing Managers' index, real, adjectivereal income, recession, nounreflation, nounrefund, nounRetail Price Index, scarcity value, nounshakeout, nounSingle European Market, slump, nounsocial accounting, socioeconomic, adjectivesqueeze, verbsqueeze, nounstagflation, nounstandard of living, nounstandard spending assessment, staple, nounstringent, adjectivesubsidy, nounsubstitution effect, surplus, nounsystematic risk, trade deficit, nountrade dispute, trade gap, nountrade surplus, nountrade-weighted index, trickle-down effect, nountrough, nountrust, noununder-investment, noununit of account, noununsystematic risk, uptick, nounvoodoo economics, noun
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRYADJECTIVES/NOUN + consumption galloping inflation of 20 to 30% The meat was declared unfit for human consumption (=not suitable to eat).COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE
· People should stop using expensive cars with a high petrol consumption.
· Total consumption of petrol has risen by 20%.
(=use of something in the country where it is produced)· Domestic consumption of oil has increased.
(=use in the home)· The government is encouraging us to reduce our household consumption of water.
· Over a quarter of our energy consumption is in the home.
· There are three possible methods of reducing oil consumption.
verbs· The system will be introduced into all stores to reduce energy consumption by up to 10%
(=reduce it)· a plan to cut energy consumption by 40%
· Consumption of unleaded fuel rose by 17% in 1992.
· Coal consumption has fallen dramatically.
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES (=the amount of a product that people use in a country)· In the past the country’s industry was small enough to thrive on domestic consumption alone.
(=the amount of electricity that is used)· Our target is to cut electricity consumption by 10%.
· We all need to reduce our energy consumption.
(=amount used)· Fuel consumption averages 54 miles per gallon.
galloping inflation of 20 to 30% (=to be eaten/lived in by people)· This meat is not fit for human consumption.
The meat was declared unfit for human consumption (=not suitable to eat).· They estimate an average annual consumption of 15 litres of whisky per head of the adult population.· Fats - Saturated and Unsaturated All major dietary guidelines advocate a need to reduce our average national fat consumption.· Cigarette consumption Average weekly cigarette consumption in 1988 was 120 for male smokers and 99 for female smokers.· The average percapita consumption for all developing countries was about an eighth of the world average.
· Contemporary Marxist urban sociology places much less emphasis on the supposed necessity for the state to be engaged in collective consumption.· In other words, they cut first and most their personal consumption rather than collective consumption.· But the distinction between personal and collective consumption remains fairly clear.
· The emergence of stratified societies culminating in states increased conspicuous consumption of precious substances.· But one can only take just so much wretched excess and conspicuous consumption.· What better forum for conspicuous consumption than the locker-room or the golf club car-park?· The creative ones turned their backs on conspicuous consumption and decided in favor of a simpler, personalized lifestyle.· They're young and poor and the patriarchal culture they inherit and the conspicuous consumption of their contemporaries sanctions their irresponsibility.· Even so, a significant number of takeover bids were probably no more than a form of corporate conspicuous consumption.· Similarly, conspicuous consumption or display is now regarded as an acceptable form of behaviour.· Foreign imports such as colour television sets and hi-fi systems cram shop windows, catering to demands for conspicuous consumption.
· The regenerative cars had not shown the expected economies and indeed they were responsible for excessive current consumption.· This is the product of saving from current consumption and companion investment.· That will last nearly 250 years at current consumption and no one can see beyond that.· In fact this is an empirical issue - are taxes paid out of private savings or current consumption?· The current consumption of the stage will be fixed by the load resistance to which the collector is connected.· You can make an arrangement to pay off the bill and your current consumption, by regular payments to the fuel supplier.· But the official said the quota had been determined on the basis of current banana consumption.· However, current consumption must be kept sufficiently low to provide an acceptably long battery life.
· One way to reduce domestic water consumption would be to reduce the use of water for flushing the toilet.· Oil imports in 1995 account for much more than half of domestic consumption, up from 27 percent in 1985.· Worse was expected to come as industrial and domestic consumption of electricity picked up after the attrition of the war years.· He states that few sheep are reared ... and those only for domestic consumption.· Drought has caused further problems in the agricultural sector, both for domestic consumption and exports.· The cheapening delivery costs of coal extended its use in manufacturing and in domestic consumption.· It is therefore more than ever necessary that the recovery should be export led rather than led by domestic consumption.· Most of these probably end up cracked at home for domestic consumption.
· The regenerative cars had not shown the expected economies and indeed they were responsible for excessive current consumption.· But for athletes and others who are likely to perspire heavily, excessive consumption of caffeine could lead to dehydration.· It was test-flown at Long Beach where the pilot, Don Dinoff, reported excessive oil consumption and a marginal engine.
· The final chapter will attempt a more general model of consumption in terms of the concept of objectification.· In general, the consumption of animal products has decreased while the consumption of plant products increased during recent years.
· Britain has the highest chocolate consumption in the world, far more than any other country.· Others factors can be, such as obesity, high alcohol consumption and lack of exercise.· The higher is, the higher is consumption expenditure and the higher is the level of aggregate demand.· And the fall was greater where customers were penalised by higher tariffs for consumption above a certain level.· The centres of highest consumption are some distance from Kent where the quantities are small.· Outside Kent there are particular regions which reveal a high level of consumption of exotic goods imported from aboard.· Not all leisure activities require a high degree of consumption skill.· So savings rates stay high, and consumption, including the consumption of imported goods, stays low.
· Where goat milk or milk products are used for human consumption, milk-withholding periods for different drugs should be observed.· Water conflict is inherently local, depending upon neighborhood needs for human consumption, food production, industrial processes and waste treatment.· Cereals for human consumption have not been ground for some years.· Earth could probably support twenty to thirty billion people if farmland were used only to raise food for direct human consumption.· He also sought to preserve wheat for human consumption and issued a proclamation prohibiting the manufacture of starch from wheat.· One family in the Borders was growing 7.5 ha of swedes for human consumption.· The poisonous snakes invite a certain deference, and the rattlesnake is even canned occasionally for human consumption.
· This increase is presumably related to the increased alcohol consumption in the country.· In Stockholm seroprevalence fell during 1969-87, coincident with increased consumption of frozen meat.· In fact, it could easily be thought that increased alcohol consumption could result just in the increased incidence of recurrent pancreatitis.
· Much of the cider produced was for local consumption, with farmers bringing in their cartloads of apples for processing.· Gradually and consciously the continent has moved in the path of export-orientation at the expense of production for local consumption.· These furnaces must have been producing far more iron than was needed for local consumption.· There are rumours from other regions of two manpower lists, one for local consumption and one for the Department of Health.· Elsewhere, the tree had grown randomly at lower elevations, and the nut was used for local consumption.· So their contribution to local energy consumption is fairly small.
· Can I use Carbonflo in this engine and would it have the same benefits such as lower fuel consumption?
· Dependent on state patronage, Soviet official art was a public, epic, partisan art intended for mass consumption.· Inevitably London, the greatest centre of mass and conspicuous consumption, dominated with its tremendous appetite.· To locate objects in relation to interest and power, however sophisticated and non-reductionist, is only one perspective upon mass consumption.· How has jewellery fared in societies in which mass consumption prevails?
· Around the world the drinks industry is active in the promotion of moderate consumption and the prevention of abuse.· Warning: Moderate consumption of this product is likely to cause pronounced belching and bad breath.· An increasing number of medical experts now agree that moderate consumption of alcohol is beneficial to health.· For there is by now a mountain of medical evidence that moderate consumption of alcohol dramatically lowers the risk of heart disease.· Several other recent studies have shown that moderate consumption of red wine, in particular, is helpful for preventing heart disease.
· The overheating causes an increase in overall energy consumption of only 7 %.· The council has managed to reduce its overall energy consumption by 16 percent since 1979.· This redistribution from creditors to debtors may well affect overall consumption plans in the economy.
· Total percapita consumption of alcoholic drinks has been more or less constant for a decade.· If percapita consumption remained static, an increased world population would still need 40 percent more energy by 2025.· The average percapita consumption for all developing countries was about an eighth of the world average.
· To suggest that all unproductive consumption is solely capitalist personal consumption is to go beyond the bounds of credibility.· The idea that maximizing personal consumption is central to individual welfare is less than two hundred years old.· Out of the surplus-value which is unproductively consumed there will obviously be a portion which goes on personal consumption.· The congressional power of economic regulation extends to production for personal consumption. 25.· Partners' preferences can also make it more difficult to control household fuel consumption and to effect cutbacks in personal consumption.· In other words, they cut first and most their personal consumption rather than collective consumption.· But the distinction between personal and collective consumption remains fairly clear.· In the fact that there is no proportionality between the individual branches of production and the scale of personal consumption.
· The choice between present and future consumption.· The known reserves of coal undoubtedly are sufficient to last for centuries at present consumption rates.· The present power consumption of Earth is 8, 500 gigawatts, equivalent to fusing 450 tons of helium-3 per year.
· Official figures show that private consumption under Sandinista rule has fallen by 70 percent.· There had been a fall in private consumption in 1989 following the imposition of the unpopular consumption tax.· The requirement that the goods must be of a type ordinarily supplied for private use or consumption is obviously problematic.· There is no evidence that reductions in public spending, as opposed to private consumption, would lead to increases in investment.
· Far from it, what they say for public consumption appears to be at odds with what they are saying privately.· When the media found out, his private exercise of his personal beliefs became a subject for public consumption.· But these things aren't for public consumption.· Through government spending on goods, society tends to reallocate resources from private to public goods consumption.· Britain has gone farther than any country in the West towards getting a balance between private affluence and public consumption.· For public consumption, Labour leaders purport to have jettisoned the principles of a life-time. but how much can they be trusted?
· Therefore, if total consumption is reduced, abuse will fall too.· Differences between similar households and dwellings in total consumption range up to 3:1.· There is no convincing evidence that advertising influences total consumption or has an impact on levels of alcohol abuse.· Advertising does not seem to influence total consumption or levels of abuse.· Individual items of laboratory equipment may seem minor power users, but as with lighting the total consumption may be large.
· Brown, fibrous bread is frequently perceived as a primitive food, unfit for human consumption.
· That is to say that savings are a function of the rate of profit and unproductive consumption.· To suggest that all unproductive consumption is solely capitalist personal consumption is to go beyond the bounds of credibility.· Similarly, if the rate of unproductive consumption declines, then - cet. par. - accumulation increases.· It was pointed out that if unproductive consumption is increased equilibrium may be maintained.· The second aspect of contradiction within Bukharin's equations is that between accumulation and unproductive consumption.· There are many instances of necessary unproductive consumption, both in the absolute and historically determined sense.
· While wine consumption has dropped, demand for beer and spirits has shot up.
NOUN· During the Depression of the 1930s and the Second World War, alcohol consumption, understandably, fell significantly.· Not having children or having them late in life doubles the risk, as does heavy alcohol consumption.· What is the control theory approach to alcohol consumption?· The relation between alcohol consumption and sickness absence will be reported elsewhere.· This increase is presumably related to the increased alcohol consumption in the country.· Unlike Chan etal, we found no significant relation between alcohol consumption and arterial P co 2.· Increasingly attention is paid to the four lifestyle areas of smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise and diet.· Since alcohol consumption may have varied with time, efforts were made to obtain estimates based on patient recall and chart review.
· Many savings apply to electricity consumption, whether for lighting, instruments and other equipment, for ventilation, and even heating.
· This means that all energy consumption must be considered in the calculations, not just space heating.· We will introduce new product labels, showing information such as energy consumption during use and the environmental impact of the production process.· Within 18 months, they had reduced energy consumption by 30 percent.· The overheating causes an increase in overall energy consumption of only 7 %.· The council has managed to reduce its overall energy consumption by 16 percent since 1979.
· It has provided unique information on the pattern of food consumption and expenditure in Great Britain for fifty years.· Per capita food consumption was sustained but not increased.· The physicality of their food consumption, decidedly hands-on, and their mutually greedy looks say it all.· Lastly, incomes rose and food consumption habits changed.· Material also available on animal welfare, patterns of food consumption and grassland utilisation.· In this and similar cases, the beneficiaries of reform may not have been enabled to increase food consumption.· Diets and water were supplied ad libitum. Food consumption was recorded every 3 days and the animals were weighed weekly.
· However, I would like to minimise the fuel consumption damage.· Just as fuel consumption grows disproportionately as speeds rise, so does the emission of air pollutants.· Predicting fuel consumption and the effects of energy conservation practices has had only limited success.· Reduce fuel consumption through a very high fuel-use tax 3.· Budgeting Loans are repayable and are not available to help towards mains fuel consumption and standing charges.· Given that pollution levels relate to fuel consumption, private cars and taxis are also the greatest polluters.· Most animals increase their fuel consumption in proportion to the extra baggage they are carrying, but not the camel.· This should result in cuts of up to 10 percent in fuel consumption.
· Moreover, imbalances arose within the economy as a whole, in particular between consumption goods and capital goods.· From the perspective of economic analysis, children are high-priced consumption goods that are rapidly becoming more expensive.
· One of the major factors inhibiting greater improvements in consumption levels is inflation, to which food prices become very vulnerable.· In other words, imported goods and services help maintain consumption levels in the marketable sector.· This will reduce the agricultural surplus compared to if consumption levels had not risen.
· It would appear that the rocker cover is becoming pressurised and oil consumption is approximately one pint per 150-200 miles.· Since 1973 oil consumption has decreased by some 40%.· The main loss of oil consumption has been in heating and electricity generation.· It was test-flown at Long Beach where the pilot, Don Dinoff, reported excessive oil consumption and a marginal engine.· Reducing oil consumption in the heating and electricity generation sectors is straight forward in that other fuels may be substituted.
· Most commercial market research is concerned simply with measuring consumption patterns, and that requires far less accuracy than political research.· Second, environmental problems were not caused by consumption patterns in the South but by the lifestyles of people in the North.· The change in relative prices causes consumption patterns to alter.· Once again substitution and income effects operate to give a change in the optimum consumption pattern.· In terms of dietary needs and actual consumption patterns, they have a gathering economy supplemented by both hunting and horticulture.· Like marketing, it classifies informants according to sociological classes combined with consumption patterns.· It is no longer an appropriate model for a generation which has developed sophisticated and discriminating consumption patterns for other goods and services.· It should be stressed that income is only one factor in determining consumption patterns, however.
· The rate of power consumption would be quite modest in such a postindustrial, steady-state society.· It is therefore important to find a Martian water source that requires the least mass of equipment and the minimum power consumption.· You have to trade off stability with power consumption.· The present power consumption of Earth is 8, 500 gigawatts, equivalent to fusing 450 tons of helium-3 per year.
· There had been a fall in private consumption in 1989 following the imposition of the unpopular consumption tax.· Companies with large property holdings, like oil and gas corporations, want the consumption taxes because those represent tax breaks.· The electorate took a dim view of this practice when the government used it to get the consumption tax through in December.· Excise taxes Commodity or consumption taxes may take the form of sales taxes or excise taxes.· Next April, the government is scheduled to increase the consumption tax from 3 percent to 5 percent.· The consumption tax was introduced in 1989.
· No one claims that advertising is the only determinant of tobacco consumption or smoking prevalence: to do so would be absurd.· Advertising directed at reducing tobacco consumption by parents has a substantial secondary knock-on effect on children.· They show that 100,000 unnecessary deaths a year are the result of tobacco consumption.
· It can detect sudden increases in water consumption, such as leaks.· The same approach is now being used to control water consumption.· One way to reduce domestic water consumption would be to reduce the use of water for flushing the toilet.· This gives a target water consumption for the five occupants of the house of nearly 39 I / head / day.· The final figures for the calculated water consumption of the autonomous house are shown in Table 5.9.· The Powermiser should recover its cost in one quarter, depending on your hot water consumption.· It also promised to cut energy and water consumption by 5 percent this year.· On water consumption, the report warned that many countries were rapidly depleting non-renewable sources such as sealed aquifers.
VERB· In addition, government policies need to be believable; banning cigarette advertising would almost certainly cut consumption.· The stockpile gains come as weakening demand for new housing and automobiles cuts consumption of copper just as mine production is increasing.· A sustainable water supply would require a 32 percent cut in consumption.· It also promised to cut energy and water consumption by 5 percent this year.· Three-phase asynchronous drives and regenerative braking are expected to cut energy consumption by 40 %.
· Inflation encourages consumption, borrowing and speculation: it discourages saving, lending and investment.· But Doumer built a refinery in Saigon, where a blend was concocted that burned quickly, and thus encouraged consumption.· Survey calls time on fears Government concerns that the 1988 Licensing Act would encourage greater consumption of alcohol have been proved unfounded.· High-risk behaviour is gaining ground everywhere, sometimes encouraged by the consumption of alcohol or drugs.
· It was known that stimulation caused the heart to increase its oxygen consumption.· Most animals increase their fuel consumption in proportion to the extra baggage they are carrying, but not the camel.· In this and similar cases, the beneficiaries of reform may not have been enabled to increase food consumption.· They will also increase fuel consumption and the level of undesirable emissions from the exhaust.· This will increase disposable income so that consumption spending will rise at every level of national income.· The pulp and paper industry says this agreement could increase forest product consumption by 3-4 per cent globally.· It's also worth remembering that air conditioning increases fuel consumption by as much as ten per cent.· Next April, the government is scheduled to increase the consumption tax from 3 percent to 5 percent.
· An equal opportunity policy, reducing a, would, for given earnings inequality, reduce the inequality of consumption.· Another tactic to reduce consumption has to do with sipping.· Another way to reduce the consumption of strategic metals is to design components to better tolerances, perhaps with computerised techniques.· The intended result of such treatment is to reduce or eliminate alcohol consumption by producing a negative response to alcohol.· One way to reduce domestic water consumption would be to reduce the use of water for flushing the toilet.· Within 18 months, they had reduced energy consumption by 30 percent.· We had reduced our consumption of saturated fats, sugar, salt and alcohol.· Controlling carbon dioxide emissions ultimately entails reducing the consumption of energy-intensive goods.
· Lastly, incomes rose and food consumption habits changed.
· Official figures show that private consumption under Sandinista rule has fallen by 70 percent.· We will introduce new product labels, showing information such as energy consumption during use and the environmental impact of the production process.· Several other recent studies have shown that moderate consumption of red wine, in particular, is helpful for preventing heart disease.
PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY
- But these things aren't for public consumption.
- Far from it, what they say for public consumption appears to be at odds with what they are saying privately.
- Most of its contents was judged too personal-and possibly too politically sensitive-for public consumption.
- This Government talks tough for public consumption but has no stomach for action.
- Those on the right endorse the first half of the argument but not the second, at least for public consumption.
- When the media found out, his private exercise of his personal beliefs became a subject for public consumption.
WORD FAMILYnounconsumptionconsumerverbconsume
1amount used the amount of energy, oil, electricity etc that is usedenergy/fuel etc consumption dramatic rises in fuel consumption Vigorous exercise increases oxygen consumption.2food/drink a)formal the act of eating or drinkingconsumption of The consumption of alcohol on the premises is forbidden.fit/unfit for human consumption (=safe or not safe to eat) The meat was declared unfit for human consumption. b)the amount of a substance that people eat, drink, smoke etcalcohol/tobacco/caffeine etc consumption The Government wants to reduce tobacco consumption by 40%.3buying the act of buying and using products: art intended for mass consumption (=to be bought, seen etc by lots of people) China’s austerity program has cut domestic consumption (=when products are bought in the country where they were produced).conspicuous consumption (=when people buy expensive products to prove they are rich)4for general/public/private etc consumption intended to be heard or read only by a particular group of people: figures that are not for public consumption5 old-fashioned tuberculosisCOLLOCATIONSADJECTIVES/NOUN + consumptionhigh/low· People should stop using expensive cars with a high petrol consumption.total consumption· Total consumption of petrol has risen by 20%.domestic consumption (=use of something in the country where it is produced)· Domestic consumption of oil has increased.household consumption (=use in the home)· The government is encouraging us to reduce our household consumption of water.energy consumption· Over a quarter of our energy consumption is in the home.fuel/electricity/gas consumption· There are three possible methods of reducing oil consumption.verbsreduce consumption· The system will be introduced into all stores to reduce energy consumption by up to 10%cut consumption (=reduce it)· a plan to cut energy consumption by 40%consumption rises/increases/goes up· Consumption of unleaded fuel rose by 17% in 1992.consumption falls/decreases/goes down· Coal consumption has fallen dramatically.