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单词 community
释义
communitycom‧mu‧ni‧ty /kəˈmjuːnəti/ ●●● S1 W1 noun (plural communities) Word Origin
WORD ORIGINcommunity
Origin:
1300-1400 Old French comuneté, from Latin communitas, from communis; ➔ COMMON1
Examples
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES
  • Community leaders met with city officials to discuss the proposed golf course.
  • An arts center will benefit the whole community.
  • Borrego Springs, a desert community, was the hottest place in the nation today.
  • Miami has a large Cuban exile community.
  • New York's Jewish community
  • the gay community
  • The murder has shocked the local community.
  • These areas support diverse communities of birds and animals.
EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS
  • Few now seek residential care because of that support in the community.
  • For the community of disciples the crucifixion was not the end.
  • He was one of the community, he knew everyone, their backgrounds and where their sympathies lay.
  • In Phoenix the community development block grant was implemented within this context of rapid development.
  • It will be even more important for a school to have good communications with parents and the local community.
  • More than 10, 000 people responded, showing up at community forums and sending messages via the Internet.
  • We arrived on Flag Day, and this proud community put its colors on display.
Thesaurus
Longman Language Activatorall the people in a particular area, city, country etc
all the people who live in a town or country - use this when saying how many people live there, or giving some facts about them: the population of Tokyo/Greece etc: · In 1966 the population of Lima was about two million.a population of five million/twenty million etc: · New Jersey has a population of around 7.6 million.the black/Catholic/male population (=all the black people, Catholic people etc in a place): · 30% of the male population suffers from heart disease.the general population (=people in general compared with a particular group): · In our study, significantly more miners complained of weight loss than the general population.
all the people who live in a particular place: the British/Korean/Nigerian etc people: · Reagan's views were shared by a majority of the American people.the people of Paris/China etc: · the awful sufferings of the people of Sarajevo
all the people who live in France, Germany etc - use this when describing them in a general way or as a political force: · The French are famous for their love of good food.· The Chinese are trying to industrialize without changing the essential nature of their society.
a group of people who live in the same area, especially when they all belong to the same religious group or race: · The murder has shocked the local community.the Jewish/Muslim/Greek etc community: · New York's Jewish community
people who live in London, New York, Paris etc: · For most New Yorkers, life will never be the same again.· The Milanese (=people from Milan) elected a new mayor yesterday.
Collocations
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY Meaning 1adjectives
· Our school is the centre of the local community.
· The committee meets to discuss issues that affect the whole community.
· 75% of the population live in small communities of fewer than 450 people.
(=the community of which a small group is a part)· The sports centre is available to both the university and the wider community.
(=a community in a country area)· There is a need for better public transport for people in rural communities.
· Outside the capital, most people live in village communities.
· a small farming community of about 1,000 inhabitants
· She was brought up in a small mining community in North Wales.
(=where all the people know each other)· I live in a close-knit community where there's lots of support.
(=a community which is successful)· In the past the village was a thriving community with a number of shops.
community + NOUN
British English, community center American English (=where people can go for social events, classes etc)· A community centre is the ideal place for local residents to get together to discuss crime prevention.
· Community groups do not have enough say over what is built in their neighbourhoods.
· Community leaders meet regularly to discuss local problems.
(=providing schools, health facilities, roads etc)· Some tax goes towards paying for your community services.
· Poor community relations are more common in urban areas than in the rest of the country.
(=wanting to give friendship and support to other people who live in the same community)· There is great community spirit in the village where I live.
(=care for the sick, the old etc in their community rather than in hospital)· Several voluntary organizations are involved in providing community care.
· Community education includes classes, workshops, and summer schools.
phrases
· It's good to feel that you are a member of a community.
(=a well respected and active member of a community)· The doctor was regarded as a pillar of the local community.
 Meaning 2ADJECTIVES/NOUN + community
· The idea has received intense interest from the business community.
· The mosque serves the local Muslim community.
(=people with a particular religion, who often keep themselves separate from society)· The buildings belong to a strict religious community.
· The city has a large Asian community.
(=people of a particular race, usually one that is not white or not the majority in a country)· Most members of ethnic communities in Britain were born here.
(=people who are homosexual)· This part of the city has a large gay community.
(=people whose race, religion etc is different from most of the other people in the country)· There should be better provision for the needs of minority communities.
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
(=people who work in business)· There was pressure on the government from the business community.
(=in the area where you live rather than in hospitals)· Most mentally ill people are now treated through community care.
(=where people living in an area can go for social events, classes etc)· The church has been converted into a community centre.
 a close-knit community
 the gay community in London
· There are shops catering for the various immigrant communities.
(=relations between different groups in society)· Two police officers are responsible for community relations in the area.
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE
· These are welcome indications of the academic community enhancing its capacity to engage collectively in self-criticism.· Studentsmany of them black and Latino-would have had to make up their academic deficiencies in community college or elsewhere.· They are learning about themselves, with the internal academic community growing as a community.· Henley hosts conferences to report research outcomes from both its own and the wider academic community.· It should also be noted that many of these issues have not greatly exercised the academic community in this country.· It follows that the academic community and research are directly interrelated.· The academic community is not directly part of that process.· First, the idea of culture has application in relation to the academic community.
· Not surprisingly, relations between the two black communities are often hostile.· Stax, one that used its resources to aid the black community in adventurous ways.· The charter says to monitor service provision properly, local authority inspection units should consult individuals and organisations within the black community.· We found a way in which we could help the black community directly and in the most positive way with considerable sums.· These problems are even more severe when elements of the black community have themselves endorsed this understanding.· For us and the rest of the black community it is a way of life.· Black professionals with disposable income believing in the black community enough to support black businesses.· Sessions took place either on bureaux premises or in the offices of black community groups.
· There is a strong ethnic community and this causes friction in the community because of the lack of jobs.· Pre-election violence has erupted even within the same ethnic community.· Applications are particularly welcome from women and those from minority ethnic communities.· She writes boldly about Latina sexuality, challenging machismo in her ethnic community.· We are actively trying to improve the number of women and members of the ethnic communities who are reporters and presenters.· It will lead to a better choice of candidates and ensure that more women and candidates from minority ethnic communities are elected.· They work in many clinics, health centres and surgeries where there are large ethnic minority communities.· Many clients are old, infirm, and often from ethnic communities.
· But all other things being equal, the gay and lesbian community has responded well to examples of perceived corporate goodwill.· But the second, larger goal of prevention is just as crucial for the gay community.· That's very important for the gay community to respect.· We have a large gay community, a lot of artists and a lot of people in the entertainment industry.· They laid great emphasis on the value of a high level of participation by members of the lesbian and gay communities.· Why does this city need a gay community center?· Clearly societal distinctions also operate in the lesbian and gay communities.· If the device is found to be safe, Schatz predicts significant interest in the product within the gay community.
· The international community could no longer hope that the reasons for war would fade away.· Until now the international community has been conspicuously silent.· The authors are drawn from the international surface analysis community and all of the material is clearly presented and well illustrated.· It was, however, the reaction from the international community that was most profound.· With an uneasy peace prevailing along the border the international community launched a series of missions to defuse the crisis.· But the war is now over and yet the international community is still deeply implicated in trafficking.· The international community is helping to prolong the hostilities and the loss of lives on both sides.· The move, popular locally, was criticised by the international investment community.
· The Reiksland shelters a large community of Dwarfs who have lived in the Empire for many generations.· We have a large gay community, a lot of artists and a lot of people in the entertainment industry.· And in a larger sense community is affirmed, and the complexities of social life dissolved.· The family, and the larger community, imparted the values that made them self-disciplined and confident and ambitious.· They work in many clinics, health centres and surgeries where there are large ethnic minority communities.· Gravel that is about half an inch in diameter has been found to be large enough for the large cichlid community tank.
· These procedures will also make the database available for the more intensive study of local communities.· Local stations and telecommunications facilities should be supported largely out of local contributions and appropriations from local communities.· The rest are from the local community.· It can happen in the local community whenever the sources of a security are threatened.· We shall create councils which reflect local communities and which are able to predict and respond to people's needs.· The Catholic Church offers its local communities no model for dealing with conflicts among the faithful.· An airfield that is an asset to the local community.· Male speaker I have lived here for nearly eighteen years and I have been accepted by the local community.
· The transformation of rural communities, therefore, has led to new social divisions.· Its strong defence of farming interests is designed to win the support of the large rural community.· People in rural communities are much less likely to become the victim of violence, researchers found.· It was claimed that it made rural communities vulnerable to guerrilla reprisals.· Anyone involved in a rural business or community could apply-it's not just for farmers.· This was true of the industrial areas but also the rural communities which had ancient Catholic communities.· They join a rural community life and a society based on mutual aid.· I understand the desire to protect the small rural communities which rely on agriculture.
· We the undersigned, senior members of the world's scientific community, hereby warn all humanity what lies ahead.· Previously, scientific evidence was allowed only if it had gained the general acceptance of the scientific community.· Few in the scientific community would argue that the scientific evidence justifies immediate extremely drastic action.· The scientific community agrees that women 50 and older should have annual mammograms.· The plan, announced at a conference on cloning, was denounced as dangerous and immoral by the mainstream scientific community.· Once the researchers returned to shore, news of their findings spread rapidly through the scientific community.· Which of these responses is made depends on how deeply the scientific community is committed to the theory.· Yet his name is hardly known outside the scientific community.
· The most dangerous areas for ethnic minorities are also those where there are the smallest communities.· Confrontationalists advocate challenging Roman authority, experimenting with new liturgical forms and creating smaller new communities to replace or supplement traditional parishes.· Nothing at all out of the ordinary. Small communities get things out of perspective.· People lived in small communities spread throughout the countryside, under the authority of feudal lords whose land they worked as tenants.· The source said Mr Schwartz's interest in Cineplex would be for between 40 to 50 theatres, mainly in smaller communities.· That worries Judith Rugo and her neighbors in Strawberry, a small community just northwest of Payson.· This combination is still to be found in his letters as archbishop, especially in his letters to small communities of nuns.· How did the lives of prehistoric Southwestern people change when they moved from small communities into large pueblo villages?
· The service will be attended by pupils from William Cassidy but is open to the whole community to celebrate education.· A missing species which once reintroduced, would reorder the whole community of ecology of plants.· The right hon. Gentleman can be assured that the whole aid community is firmly behind those principles.· But I was now finding a whole new community I felt more comfortable with.· The upholding of marriage is the responsibility of the whole community.· It's a joint effort by the council, health services, local businesses and volunteers ... the whole community.· Illegal camping by gypsies or other travellers can affect the lives of whole communities.· These are vexed questions that involve the whole community in Western societies: scientists, professionals, and the general public.
· And the wider community is denied the opportunity to deal with the issue compassionately.· The belief that the handbook is scientifically grounded does not remain confined to its authors but spreads to the wider community.· In turn the profession would articulate philosophy and justify efforts and achievements with confidence to the wider community.· Henley hosts conferences to report research outcomes from both its own and the wider academic community.· Very rarely has such experience been shared amongst a wider group of community partners.· I've also used my web site to make a number of resources available for the wider community.· The programme supports a wide range of community groups and charities working in this area.· Many industrial activities impose external effects, usually detrimental ones, on the wider community.
NOUN
· This could distort competition and reduce support in the business community for the single market.· Leadership also must come from the business community.· The aim is to provide a comprehensive range of services and expertise on a national scale to the business community in particular.· It is thus far the most widely accepted approach in the business community.· The bases and policies used by the audit should be generally acceptable both to the accountancy profession and to the business community.· He also has made Sinclair a prominent player in the business community.· The business community rallied to him for fear that Duke's election would scare off tourism and outside investors.· When the Boston Compact was renegotiated for the second time in 1994, it included a new challenge to the business community.
· Perhaps the most crucial recommendation is that relating to the funding that will be available for community care after April 1993.· Some 60 percent. of applicants are refused community care grant because they do not meet the basic criteria.· I believe it is unrealistic to expect the community care reforms to transform services according to the wishes of service users.· The report estimated that 75 percent of local authorities would have insufficient resources to implement the government's community care proposals.· Two areas of concern are first, who should have residential care and second, the relationship between residential and community care.· Hold a conference with voluntary organisations on implementing the 1993 community care programme.· Shadow community care minister David Hinchliffe is campaigning vigorously for a change in the law.· Her special interests are transport, planning and community care.
· Muriel opposed planning permission for the new community centre opposite her flat.· We play on the astroturf at Framlingham College when we can but sometimes we play on the community centre field.· You hire a room above a pub or in a community centre and hand out invitations to all your friends.· Hall fire: A Huyton community centre has been attacked by arsonists for the third time in a month.· The city will purchase the property if not already owned by the city, and build a community centre.· She has a hall in a community centre owned by Age Concern, and her class numbers 25 to 30.· The larger of the two branches met in a community centre near a council estate.
· The standard community charge is payable in respect of second or further homes.· In the case of the community charge, the law is clear.· Conservative councillors will cut unnecessary expenditure - and slash your community charge bill.· Certainly I defended the community charge, which gave Labour councils in many areas the fright of their lives.· The idea that it would somehow reduce the community charge is erroneous.· The introduction of the community charge aroused considerable controversy around three main issues.· The two combined would mean a very high increase in the tax and community charge burden on all people.· One would have though a lesson would have been learnt from the community charge fiasco.
· I got a call from the community college where I sit on the industry advisory board.· Equally, the community college students recalled more information when the relative importance of different ideas was made more explicit.· The budget proposes a sharp fee increase for California community colleges that officials say would cut enrollment.· Other goals that were achieved included a vast increase in green space and a major expansion of the community college system.· Tuition estimates for community colleges and private universities were also thousands of dollars off the mark.· He was with friends, people he was teaching with at a community college in Manhattan, all of them white.· One of the most widely available resources are adult-education classes run by local school districts or community colleges.
· Yet the theory and practice of community development can offer some hope in the matter of the control of health care.· Citizens' groups expressed considerable initial interest in the community development program.· Conclusion Community development goals in Phoenix, indeed the definition of community development, shifted as the program progressed.· She trained as a state registered and registered mental nurse before moving into community development with a voluntary organisation.· There was no community development program, per se, in the first two years.· However, the educational team took a more openly critical view of the community development process and the philosophy underlying it.· The first period began after Chicago had decided to participate in the community development program.
· In a few instances, community education buildings have been adapted with deaf-loops, ramps, toilets, and stair lifts.· Almost inadvertently, through such activity, structures emerged which promoted active citizenship through community education and development initiatives.· The notion of the overriding importance of applicability of learning is born of long immersion in community education.· It also underlines one of the main reasons why community education did not become a radical movement for social change.· There were also innovations in childcare, community education and adult literacy.· However, radical community education is not concerned with complementing or invasion.· There are 340 schools and colleges and nearly 100 community education centres and outdoor education resource centres in Lothian.· This is just another way of describing community development and this you will not get without good solid, useful community education.
· There had to be a united voice on the policies, particularly from local community groups.· But other community groups are taking a markedly different stance.· It was agreed that community groups should give some thought to campaigning to have these facilities installed.· An exhibit of seven altars created by Bay Area artists and community groups. $ 3 to $ 5.· This organisation provides technical assistance to community groups on planning, housing and environmental matters.· They oversee long-term planting projects for community groups.· It provides a coordinating linkage in an extensive network of community groups and activists, and furnishes them with a gathering place.· It is a movement that started outside institutional labor: unemployed workers, community groups, church groups.
· The community health movement in western countries presents a similar challenge to the medical dominance we have described.· It replaces the existing one on the Broadway and the community health house in Birchington Avenue.· A recent report by borough councillor and community health council chairwoman Eleanor Young made the point clearly.· Aylesbury community health council questions whether the money could not have been better spent.· The publishers, on the dust jacket, add to this list teachers and students of community health.· The Tomlinson report's description of the inadequacy of primary and community health services in London commands widespread agreement.· A key element of the work of community health workers centres around educational and organisational activities as to the causes of ill-health.· This paper outlines a strategic approach for developing primary and community health services in London.
· Black politicians and community leaders who opposed needle exchanges claimed the programme was racist and genocidal.· It involves participation by businessmen and other community leaders in and out of classrooms.· In yet another case quoted by Afshan, the girl went to ask the help of some one regarded as a community leader.· In the process the owners themselves became prominent community leaders and among the biggest advertisers in the emerging gay press.· In Brixton consultative machinery involving the police and community leaders had ceased to function.· They were selected by a screening panel of professional, business and community leaders.· It was this impetus that spurred the community leaders on to forming a fully established radio station.· For the most part, they listened respectfully as community leaders and peers encouraged everyone to atone, unite and reconcile.
· After appointments in community service, she had joined the Navy.· In a spirit of community service, books and slates appeared.· If no job after two years of training, recipient must work in community service or public service job.· Azeem Nazie, 25, and Liaquat Ali, 23, were each ordered to serve 200 hours community service.· The offer included a $ 250 fine, community service and domestic violence counseling.· The mission of its business-oriented philanthropy is a combination of community service and international friendship.· They also want to use public community service jobs as a last resort, something Wilson strongly opposes.
VERB
· These results support the hypothesis that individuals are willing to pay more in order to live in communities that provide high-quality services.· People lived in small communities spread throughout the countryside, under the authority of feudal lords whose land they worked as tenants.· Socially they live in loose communities comprising a set of juxtaposed home ranges utilized by females and their dependent young.· For the next twelve years he studied at Jesuit universities, taught at Jesuit schools and lived in Jesuit communities.· I have to live in such a community.· Garrison had lived in the community all his life.· The fieldworkers live in the community, joining in with and analysing its activities.· The grants aim to help people live in the community as independently as possible.
Phrases
PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY
  • The police department wants to get officers out into the community.
  • A sense of community is a source of satisfaction that appeals to many.
  • Collectively taking care of our elderly provides a sense of community in our otherwise competitive economy.
  • In turn, that sense of community is what is expected to make New Traditional neighborhoods desirable in this age of isolation.
  • The results highlighted the attachment people feel to their area and the strong sense of community spirit.
  • There is an indescribable sense of community here.
  • These were, first, what human psychic needs does a sense of community arise to satisfy?
  • To bring about this sense of community, Eliot includes historical and contemporary Londoners of various social classes.
  • Today's crowded world militates against a sense of community.
PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► pillar of society/the community/the church etc
  • Doing jury service could be one of them.
  • He envisaged combining farming and family life with military service in idyllic rural settlements.
  • He was fined $ 250 and required to perform community service.
  • Like the House measure, the Senate bill requires public housing residents to contribute eight hours of community service a month.
  • Normally feudal grants were made within the Patrimony and the Papal State in return for military service.
  • The offer included a $ 250 fine, community service and domestic violence counseling.
  • What will be attempted is a sketched framework for the illumination of community service profiles.
  • Good team spirit was built up during lunch before heading out to the second round.
  • No doubt the team spirit was enhanced.
  • The specials certainly show the kind of public spirit and professionalism of the Territorials.
  • These accomplishments, and their new-found team spirit, were celebrated with social play in the evening.
  • This community spirit even extends beyond Silver Lake proper.
  • This creates a good working team spirit and everyone helps everyone else out.
  • This obviated the problem of building team spirit or involvement among the area staff.
  • Workers' distress can be reduced by adequate and effective reward systems and attention to maintaining a cooperative team spirit.
1[countable] the people who live in the same area, town etc:  The new arts centre will serve the whole community. community education programmescommunity relations/affairs/needs etc We meet once a month to discuss community problems.community groups/leaders etc Community leaders met to discuss the proposed golf course.community spirit (=the desire to be friendly with and help other people who live in the same community)2[countable] a group of people who have the same interests, religion, race etc:  different ethnic communitiesthe gay/black/Asian etc community the gay community in San Franciscothe business/academic/scientific etc community3the community society and the people in it:  The trend is towards reintegrating mentally ill people into the community.the international community (=all the countries of the world) The president appealed to the international community for aid for the flood victims.4sense of community the feeling that you belong to a community5[countable] a group of plants or animals that live in the same environment:  Communities of otters are slowly returning to British rivers.GRAMMAR: Singular or plural verb?• Community is usually followed by a singular verb: · The whole community gets involved in planning the festival.• In British English, you can also use a plural verb: · The whole community get involved in planning the festival.Grammar guide ‒ NOUNSCOLLOCATIONS– Meaning 1adjectivesthe local community· Our school is the centre of the local community.the whole community· The committee meets to discuss issues that affect the whole community.a small/large community· 75% of the population live in small communities of fewer than 450 people.the wider community (=the community of which a small group is a part)· The sports centre is available to both the university and the wider community.a rural community (=a community in a country area)· There is a need for better public transport for people in rural communities.a village community· Outside the capital, most people live in village communities.a farming community· a small farming community of about 1,000 inhabitantsa mining community· She was brought up in a small mining community in North Wales.a close/close-knit/tight-knit community (=where all the people know each other)· I live in a close-knit community where there's lots of support.a thriving community (=a community which is successful)· In the past the village was a thriving community with a number of shops.community + NOUNa community centre British English, community center American English (=where people can go for social events, classes etc)· A community centre is the ideal place for local residents to get together to discuss crime prevention.a community group· Community groups do not have enough say over what is built in their neighbourhoods.a community leader· Community leaders meet regularly to discuss local problems.community services (=providing schools, health facilities, roads etc)· Some tax goes towards paying for your community services.community relations· Poor community relations are more common in urban areas than in the rest of the country.community spirit (=wanting to give friendship and support to other people who live in the same community)· There is great community spirit in the village where I live.community care (=care for the sick, the old etc in their community rather than in hospital)· Several voluntary organizations are involved in providing community care.community education· Community education includes classes, workshops, and summer schools.phrasesa member of a community· It's good to feel that you are a member of a community.a pillar of the community (=a well respected and active member of a community)· The doctor was regarded as a pillar of the local community.COLLOCATIONS– Meaning 2ADJECTIVES/NOUN + communitythe business/scientific/academic etc community· The idea has received intense interest from the business community.the Jewish/Christian/Muslim etc community· The mosque serves the local Muslim community.a religious community (=people with a particular religion, who often keep themselves separate from society)· The buildings belong to a strict religious community.the black/white/Asian etc community· The city has a large Asian community.an ethnic community (=people of a particular race, usually one that is not white or not the majority in a country)· Most members of ethnic communities in Britain were born here.the gay community (=people who are homosexual)· This part of the city has a large gay community.a minority community (=people whose race, religion etc is different from most of the other people in the country)· There should be better provision for the needs of minority communities.
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