单词	sustain
释义	sustainsus‧tain /səˈsteɪn/ ●●○ W3 AWL verb [transitive] Entry menu MENU FOR sustainsustain1 make something continue2 suffer3 food/drink4 give strength5 weight6 idea Word Origin WORD ORIGINsustain Origin: 1200-1300 Old French sustenir, from Latin sustinere ‘to hold up, sustain’, from sub- ‘up’ + tenere ‘to hold’ Verb Table VERB TABLE sustain Simple Form Present I, you, we, they sustain he, she, it sustains Past I, you, he, she, it, we, they sustained Present perfect I, you, we, they have sustained he, she, it has sustained Past perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they had sustained Future I, you, he, she, it, we, they will sustain Future perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they will have sustained Continuous Form Present I am sustaining he, she, it is sustaining you, we, they are sustaining Past I, he, she, it was sustaining you, we, they were sustaining Present perfect I, you, we, they have been sustaining he, she, it has been sustaining Past perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they had been sustaining Future I, you, he, she, it, we, they will be sustaining Future perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they will have been sustaining Examples EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES More public works construction could help sustain job growth. The floor cannot sustain the weight of a piano. The planet cannot sustain more than 6 billion people. The program needs sustained government involvement to survive. The thought of getting home was the only thing that sustained me in the hospital. EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS A series of twitches builds up muscle tension into a sustained contraction. Cook sustained that injury during the win over Basingstoke last month. Indeed the Customer Service Charter featured below sets out the level of service we strive to sustain. It could be suggested that this is one determining factor in whether teachers are able to effect and sustain change. Similarly in the international arena, an emasculated politics is incapable of sustaining an effective national defense. This did not prove sufficient to sustain the cocoa economy. Trees are a renewable resource that when managed properly can sustain our needs indefinitely. Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► a sustained campaign (=lasting a long time)· The organization has mounted a sustained campaign against the killing of endangered species. ► suffer/sustain damage formal· She has suffered damage to her hearing. ► a sustained effort (=one that you continue making for a long time)· It will take a sustained effort over the next 5 years to achieve our objectives. ► maintain/sustain growth · Governments that want to survive have to maintain growth. ► sustain/receive an injury formal (=suffer an injury)· She sustained an injury to her hip. ► a sustained recovery (=that continues for a long time)· Will these policies provide a basis for sustained recovery and sustained growth? COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSNOUN► ability · Stamina relates to the efficiency of the heart and lungs and their ability to sustain effort without becoming tired and breathless.· Only in this case can breathing and heartbeat continue independently of the patient's own ability to sustain them. ► damage · The basement of the house had sustained heavy damage and part of the ceiling on the top floor had collapsed.· The medieval tower of the town hall of Foligno, near Assisi, also sustained further damage.· If chargers move through Fanatics they have not already encountered then they sustain more damage as they hit the deranged Goblins.· Squash and green beans sustained the worst damage, with 50 percent 70 percent, respectively, of these crops lost.· His home sustained some damage, but mostly remained intact.· Though still standing, the basilica itself has sustained terrible damage.· As for the Tirpitz, her crew received a considerable scare but the ship itself sustained no damage.· Both ships sustained major damage, but no one was injured or killed. ► effort · Tranmere's football is high-octane stuff sustained by sheer effort.· Their weakness has been sustaining the effort.· Stamina relates to the efficiency of the heart and lungs and their ability to sustain effort without becoming tired and breathless.· At each juncture, there is a breakdown in attention because the work requires sustained conscious effort.· What has been designed to sustain the effort?· Yet his sustained effort to create a science built of subtle perceptions and participatory consciousness places him prominently in the Romantic project.· In kindergarten and first grade, how-ever, sustaining independent effort is rarely required.· Low self-confidence also made it difficult for Sean to sustain independent effort. ► growth · Pleine Vie's readership reflects a market that is forecasting solid and sustained demographic growth well into the next decade.· As for yearnings for high-fat foods, these are the foods necessary in our very early years to sustain rapid growth.· Steady and sustained economic growth will generate jobs that last.· To sustain our impressive growth, the following vacancies now exist.· The years of an exuberant commercial sector fuelling sustained growth appear to be coming to an end.· Employment, the second, and trickiest, component, must depend on a return to sustained economic growth.· It is much more difficult to sustain growth once the novelty has worn off. ► home · For example, fire risk clients could be sustained at home if they had 24-hour-a-day surveillance.· Even so, they were generally being sustained at home at a cost below that of institutional care.· There are several reasons for this concern with dementia sufferers and with finding ways of sustaining them at home. ► injury · There had been conflicting opinions by individual judges on whether injuries must be sustained by a living person before next-of-kin could sue.· During the eighteenth century a young man fell into the cellar and succumbed to the injuries he sustained.· In 1986 the local authority became concerned about injuries which D had sustained and they obtained a place of safety order.· This time around, Dirk Pitt is nursing injuries sustained during a volcanic eruption.· They charged Dad with obstructing the police, and claimed that all our injuries had been sustained in the struggle.· If the injury sustained was an inherent risk of the procedure, then the doctrine will be inapplicable.· The inquest was told the injuries were sustained during convulsions induced by narcotics. ► interest · People have a limited capacity to sustain interest in politics.· Let training or practice in those areas sustain your interest.· Moreover, both parties found it impossible to sustain widespread interest in political organization.· A: It is rare for a child to sustain interest in reading material that is completely beyond him.· It is fast-moving, there is skill to be admired, and plenty of off-the-puck incident to sustain our interest.· There are limits to what technology can achieve in the absence of sustained, high-level government interest in agricultural policy.· But, to their credit, the Fifties sustained its interest at maximum heat.· One process improvement technique, for example, failed to sustain interest. ► level · The original owners could not sustain the necessary level of investment so the company has now been sold.· Unfortunately, the margins won't sustain the level of investment.· No neat distinction between legal doctrine and political principle can be sustained at this level of adjudication. ► life · Death is the removal of all the possibilities which sustain us in our lives.· I was very happy in a professional sense, and I found community life as sustaining as community life can be.· A friendship, begun in their twenties, had been sustained throughout their lives.· That they use leaves to produce the energy they need to sustain life?· Local post offices, local transport and local schools all have an important role to play in sustaining rural life.· The situation improved, but regular food rations were still barely sufficient to sustain a healthy life.· Its distance from the Sun was just right to sustain life, providing the right kind of equable temperatures and flowing water.· Hollywood was bigger than life; it sustained life; it was life. ► loss · We're prepared to sustain losses for several years while we get it going.· Bedford had sustained substantial losses in the post-Fort Sumter turmoil.· Public pension funds have experimented with such investments and have sustained huge losses.· The county's row crops sustained the greatest losses. ► population · Other crops can not sustain the increased population, but you can build empires on maize.· The sustained good health of populations requires enlightened management of our social resources, economic relations, and of the natural world. VERB► create · I have already mentioned the failure of the paramilitaries to create and sustain a political initiative.· If the euro is created and sustained, this will inevitably have important consequences for the United States.· Believing in the other person - extending trust - helps to create and sustain constancy and trustworthiness.· The culture-ideology of consumerism produces the values and attitudes that create and sustain the need for the products. ► help · Through this, her love can be tempered into a compassion and understanding with which she can help and sustain others.· Lost or found, documents help to sustain the hearings, Sarbanes said.· This hierarchical approach to art's histories has helped sustain the exclusivity of the `-isms' approach.· In the West, enthusiastic books and articles helped to sustain the illusion.· Believing in the other person - extending trust - helps to create and sustain constancy and trustworthiness.· At the same time, computers helped sustained the trading frenzy prompted by human error.· They do also help to achieve and sustain rapport and stimulate the respondent's thinking.· This can help to sustain, protect and help healthy growth as well as give you peace of mind. ► need · In the West similar acquisition machines have struggled to find the ever-bigger targets needed to sustain their high share prices.· The water Tucson needs to sustain its unhealthy rate of growth will not be available.· It needs you to sustain its welfare work and it can help you by providing comradeship and support.· He supports the programs and encourages the creativity needed to sustain them, he said.· Capitalists were forced to concede the wage rises which for the system as a whole were needed to sustain accumulation.· That they use leaves to produce the energy they need to sustain life?· We know that the right hon. Gentleman would add to taxation, for he needs to in order to sustain his promises.· The current stars are generators of profits which may need investment to sustain their position. ► require · What our public services require is sustained year-on-year investment over many years.· At each juncture, there is a breakdown in attention because the work requires sustained conscious effort.· But these things aside, what operating managers need and want most are the resources required to sustain and improve performance. Word family WORD FAMILYnounsustenancesustainabilityadjectivesustainable ≠ unsustainableverbsustain 1make something continue to make something continue to exist or happen for a period of time SYN  maintain:  She found it difficult to sustain the children’s interest. He was incapable of sustaining close relationships with women. the policies necessary to sustain economic growth → sustained2suffer formal to suffer damage, an injury, or loss of money:  Two of the firefighters sustained serious injuries. Some nearby buildings sustained minor damage. The company has sustained heavy financial losses this year.3food/drink formal if food or drink sustains a person, animal, or plant, it makes them able to continue living → sustenance:  They gave me barely enough food to sustain me.4give strength formal to make someone feel strong and hopeful:  The thought of seeing her again was all that sustained me.5weight formal to hold up the weight of something SYN  support:  He leant against her so heavily that she could barely sustain his weight.6idea formal to support an idea or argument, or prove that it is right:  This argument is difficult to sustain.
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英语词典包含52748条英英释义在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。