surplus1 nounsurplus2 adjective
surplussur‧plus1 /ˈsɜːpləs $ ˈsɜːr-/ ●○○ noun [countable, uncountable] 
WORD ORIGINsurplus1
Origin:
1300-1400 Old French, Medieval Latin superplus, from Latin plus ‘more’EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES
- a budget surplus
- For the first time in 20 years Congress was working with a budget surplus.
- Government subsidies have resulted in huge grain surpluses.
- Our surplus on book publishing last year was $47 million.
- The budget surplus could be used to hire and train more border guards.
- The Gulf States produce more oil than they need and sell the surplus to the rest of the world.
- Plant closings, department mergers, and restricted budgets often provide an organization with a temporary surplus of cash and other resources.
- The surplus will go towards replacing their club van that was used to transport boxers to events and beach training at Redcar.
- The December surplus was the first monthly trade gain in 1995, the ministry said in a preliminary report.
- The existence of monopoly denies them that opportunity, and this is manifest in the inevitable reduction in total surplus.
- This surplus will cause a competitive bidding down of price by sellers eager to relieve themselves of their surplus.
- Today there is a worrisome surplus of 1 million empty apartments in the East, particularly in the cities.
Longman Language Activatormoney that you make by doing business
money that you make by doing business, for example when you sell something for more that it cost you to buy it or to produce it: · We aim to increase our profits by at least 5% every year.· For the first time, the company's annual profits were over $1 million.· They don't care who they sell weapons to. All they are interested in is profit.make a profit: · They made a huge profit when they sold the business.
all the money that you get from selling something, or from something such as a show or a sports event: · His first year in business was so successful that John could afford to buy a delivery van with the proceeds.· The proceeds of the sale of the house went to an animal-welfare charity, as stated in the owner's will.
the amount of money that remains after a company or organization has paid all its costs, charges, wages etc: · Our surplus on book publishing last year was $47 million.· For the first time in 20 years Congress was working with a budget surplus.
the profit that someone makes - use this especially when you think that the person or company making the profit is only interested in getting money or an advantage for themselves: for gain (=in order to make a profit): · If private hospitals are operating purely for gain, how can we be sure they have the patients' best interests at heart?short-term gain (=a situation in which profits may be made for a short time, but which may cause losses and problems in the future): · Companies just don't invest enough -- short-term gain is all they think about.
not needed because there is already enough an additional amount that is not wanted or needed because there is already enough of something: · Excess vitamin D can cause kidney damage in young children.· Cut off the excess fat from the meat before cooking.· The excess pounds had given him a double chin and a neck that made his shirt collar look too tight.
the additional amount of something, especially something that you produce or grow, which is more than you need and which can therefore be given or sold to other people: · The Gulf States produce more oil than they need and sell the surplus to the rest of the world.· Government subsidies have resulted in huge grain surpluses.· The budget surplus could be used to hire and train more border guards.
WORD SETSabsolute advantage, active population, additionality, nounadjustable peg, nounannual earnings, anti-dumping, adjectiveanti-inflation, adjectiveausterity, nounbad debt, nounbalance of payments, nounbalance of trade, nounbalance sheet, nounbank money, bank rate, nounbankrupt, adjectivebankrupt, verbbankrupt, nounbarrier to trade, nounbilateralism, nounblack market, nounboom, nounbroad money, brown goods, nounbudget, nounCACM, capital accumulation, nouncapital formation, nouncapitalism, nouncapitalist, adjectivecapital surplus, cartel, nouncentral government borrowing requirement, CGBR, Chicago School, nounclosed economy, nouncommerce clause, commodity, nouncommodity product, comparative advantage, consumer, nounconsumer confidence, nounconsumer durables, nounconsumer goods, nounconsumer price index, nounconsumer surplus, consumption, nounconsumption function, nounCost of Production Theory of Value, nouncreditor turnover rate, nouncredit rationing, noundebt ratio, deflate, verbdemand, noundemand and supply, noundemand price, demonstration effect, deregulate, verbdeveloped, adjectivedirigisme, noundiscretionary spending, dishoarding, noundisinflation, noundisposable income, noundis-saving, noundisutility, noundiversify, verbdivision of labour, noundole queue, dollars-and-cents, adjectivedowntick, noundownturn, noundrawdown, nouneconomic, adjectiveeconomic goods, economic paradigm, economist, nouneconomy, nounefficient market, elasticity of demand, nounelasticity of substitution, nounembargo, verbemployment theory, euro-zone, exchange, nounExchange equalization account, exchange rate mechanism, nounexpectations, nounexpenditure, nounexternal account, external competitiveness, externality, nounfactor cost, factor of production, nounFederal funds, fiscal, adjectivefloor, nounflow of funds, nounforced saving, for-profit, adjectivefree enterprise, nounfree marketeer, nounfree movement, nounfree trade, nounGDP, nounGNP, nounGoldilocks economy, goods, noungoods and services, noungross domestic product, noungross national product, noungross product, nounguaranteed price, hyperinflation, nounIMF, the, IMF quota, imperfect competition, imperfect market, import, nounimport, verbimportation, nounimporter, nounincome effect, industrial output index, Industrial Sentiment index, inelastic, adjectiveinflate, verbinflation, nouninflationary, adjectiveintermediate goods, International Monetary Fund, nouninvestment goods, J-curve, nounknowledge economy, labour-intensive, adjectivelabour market, nounLaffer curve, nounlaissez-faire, nounliving standard, nounMaastricht Treaty, nounmacroeconomics, nounmarginal revenue, market-driven, adjectivemarket economy, nounmarket failure, market forces, nounmarket-led, adjectivemarket-oriented, adjectivemarket value, nounmixed economy, nounmonetarism, nounmonetary, adjectivemoney income, monopsony, nounmultilateralism, nounNAIRU, nounnational debt, nounnational income, nationalize, verbnational wealth, neocolonialism, nounnet output, NIC, nounnominal price, non-durable goods, open-market, adjectiveoutflow, nounoverheated, adjectivepass-along, nounpass-through, nounpeg, verbper-capita income, perfect competition, perfect market, personal saving, political economy, nounpost-industrial, adjectivePPI, price control, nounprice effect, price fixing, nounprice-fixing, nounprice index, nounprice-insensitive, adjectiveprice-sensitive, adjectiveprice support, nounprice theory, primary production, private enterprise, nounprivately-owned, adjectiveprivatization, nounprivatize, verbproducer price index, production control, protect, verbprotectionism, nounprotective, adjectivepublic enterprise, public ownership, nounpublic sector borrowing requirement, public service, nounPurchasing Managers' index, real, adjectivereal income, recession, nounreflation, nounrefund, nounRetail Price Index, scarcity value, nounshakeout, nounSingle European Market, slump, nounsocial accounting, socioeconomic, adjectivesqueeze, verbsqueeze, nounstagflation, nounstandard of living, nounstandard spending assessment, staple, nounstringent, adjectivesubsidy, nounsubstitution effect, surplus, nounsystematic risk, trade deficit, nountrade dispute, trade gap, nountrade surplus, nountrade-weighted index, trickle-down effect, nountrough, nountrust, noununder-investment, noununit of account, noununsystematic risk, uptick, nounvoodoo economics, noun
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY
a huge budget surplus of over £16 billionCOLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
1an amount of something that is more than what is needed or used SYN excess: a huge budget surplus of over £16 billion (=when a government has more money than it spends)· A huge budget surplus of over £16 billion was recorded.
British English (=be more than is needed)· The old school building is now surplus to requirements.
(=the amount by which the total goods one country sells to others is more than the amount it buys from them)· Scotch whisky is a major contributor to the UK trade balance, with a large trade surplus.
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE· There were fewer famines and a greater agricultural surplus which allowed people to live longer and increase their fecundity.· Any agricultural surplus would have been required to support the development of urban centres which in turn encouraged craft specialisation.· This will reduce the agricultural surplus compared to if consumption levels had not risen.
· By 1942, however, we possessed something no other country did: a huge surplus of hydroelectric power.
· The government is running a large budget surplus and expects to carry on doing so.· The initial costs of the latter are generally held to be underwritten by the large surplus generated by any big hit record.
· The shells power all the Exchange's plant, and also provides a small surplus that is fed into the local grid.· After 2020, he asserted, the budget will run a small surplus through 2050 and beyond.
NOUN· The budget surplus of A$8,107 million was the fourth consecutive surplus, and would be used to reduce overseas debt.· Bush spent the campaign pretending that this was an election about the budget surplus, or social security or the military.· A budget surplus of EC$12,300,000 was predicted on the current account.· The result has been a burgeoning budget surplus.· The government is running a large budget surplus and expects to carry on doing so.· Interest rates can be cut and Bill Clinton's budget surplus spent.
· This would be on a charitable basis and any cash surplus would be made available to fund research projects.· The project which shows the greatest cash surplus is the one preferred.
· There would be no benefit in terms of increased consumer surplus.· In theory this process could go as far as equating marginal cost with demand so that the bureaucracy obtains all the consumer surplus.· The monopolist is normally considered to exploit consumers by charging a high price and thereby destroying some consumer surplus.
· The latest result was boosted by a £4m pension fund surplus.· Pre-tax profits were down 94.2% at £5.2m, after £90m gains from the distribution of a pension fund surplus last time.
· It will try to do so by explaining the nature and future of the country's trade surplus.· Such distortions lead to a persistent trade surplus and a persistently rising yen.· The trade surplus is more than $ 65 billion.· In fact, our trade surplus in Scotch is three times greater than our trade surplus in oil.· A trade surplus means more products are being exported than imported.
VERB· The government is running a large budget surplus and expects to carry on doing so.· Yet for the third month running, that surplus fell in November, meaning pressure on that front is easing.· After 2020, he asserted, the budget will run a small surplus through 2050 and beyond.
· Overall the budget showed a financial surplus - the first since 1978 - of NZ$89 million.· Figures released yesterday show a surplus of £2.1 million last year, after the £601,000 surplus in 1991.· The project which shows the greatest cash surplus is the one preferred.· The table shows a surplus provided by local authorities to allow for contingencies such as salary and wage increases.
Any surplus can be trimmed away.surplus of a surplus of crude oil2the amount of money that a country or company has left after it has paid for all the things it needs: a huge budget surplus of over £16 billion → trade surplussurplus1 nounsurplus2 adjective
surplussurplus2 ●○○ adjective EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES
- surplus grain
- Anne bought a surplus Army Jeep.
- The State raised $130 million by selling off surplus land.
- Although Karl Marx's formulation of the theory of surplus value was more sophisticated, his debt to Hodgskin is unmistakable.
- And the only sensible place to use the surplus water was in the San Fernando Valley.
- Arra said Corrections has frozen all purchases of surplus equipment until a review is completed.
- It was very pale and had no expression, as though expressions were surplus to requirements.
- This will continue for as long as the surplus nutrients remain in the water, which may be months.
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY Surplus cash can be invested.COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
Surplus cash can be invested. (=when a government has more money than it spends)· A huge budget surplus of over £16 billion was recorded.
British English (=be more than is needed)· The old school building is now surplus to requirements.
(=the amount by which the total goods one country sells to others is more than the amount it buys from them)· Scotch whisky is a major contributor to the UK trade balance, with a large trade surplus.
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSNOUN· Financing decisions Fixed asset investment can be funded from several sources: equity, surplus cash, loans or leasing.· It would suit them better to use their surplus cash to aid starving children in other countries.· Gradually coffee came to replace maize as the main agricultural produce of the community and foodstuffs were bought with surplus cash.
· And if we overate on any one of them then any surplus energy would end up by making us fat.· At the time I attributed this discomfort to my surplus energy, and not to my thinness.· Every atom seeks equilibrium at the lowest energy level, giving off surplus energy as radiation.
· A word about your weight loss From the day you start F-Plan dieting you will start shedding surplus fat.· So during a week you would be likely to shed one pound of surplus fat.· Strain off the surplus fat and swill out the pan with the wine and stock.· This is the only way in which it can be forced to feed on its own surplus fat.· At one time I would have suggested that everyone would shed surplus fat on a ration of 1,500 calories daily.· There wasn't an ounce of surplus fat on his body, so it must go somewhere.· The more heavily overweight people are, the more swiftly they can shed surplus fat on a slimming diet.· The vital calorie factor By including sufficient high-fibre foods in your diet you will actually help your body to shed surplus fat.
· Or had she bought this, and all the surplus food, when there had been money in the joint account?
· If the business is a goer, the entrepreneur moves on to the full Enterprise Allowance system and gets back any surplus funds.· When the crisis is over, any surplus funds will be donated to the Gulf Trust.· Essentially those institutions with surplus funds lend to those with insufficient funds to meet their requirements.· Prudential alone has surplus funds of an estimated £8 billion.· After the principal had been repaid, through the balance sheet, surplus funds would be recorded as increases in capital.· And unlike in the past, fewer agencies are now earning investment income from surplus funds.· They take in surplus funds from other institutions and use the funds to deal in treasury and commercial bills.
· The existence of surplus labour is not con fined to capitalism.· The simple proposition behind all agrarian reform was that surplus land should be distributed to surplus labour.· The more successful Du Pont synthetic rubber factory could never mop up the ever-growing pool of surplus labour.· First, let us look at surplus labour.· Marx makes three key assumptions in developing the concept of surplus labour.· First, one can not crudely equate surplus labour, surplus product and surplus-value.· The open village therefore lost much of its rationale as a reservoir of surplus labour.
· The new company assumes responsibility for the profitable development of these sites and any future surplus land.· Most of the surplus land lies in regions of irregular rainfall.· The simple proposition behind all agrarian reform was that surplus land should be distributed to surplus labour.
· Mr. Fallon I can tell my hon. Friend that 17 of Wolverhampton's 18 secondary schools have surplus places.· Wolverhampton has already submitted two proposals for surplus places and they have been rejected by the Government.· Some 6,900 surplus places exist there.· Our latest survey of school capacity shows that Wolverhampton has nearly 12,000 surplus places.· He opted to support the councils in reducing surplus places.
· In that way housing associations could immediately buy up many of the surplus properties that are currently available on the housing market.· Personal property managers acquire, distribute, and store supplies, and may sell or dispose of surplus property.· In addition, the business continued to sell surplus properties as opportunities arose.
· The difference between the two is the surplus value which the capitalist can extract from the workers.· Or how much surplus value must be extracted to make labor cheap?· The raising of morale has been imposed by management in pursuance of surplus value and the maintenance of managerial authority.· The method of capital accumulation is the extraction of surplus value.· In post-colonial economies there is a continuing reliance on raising levels of absolute rather than the relative surplus value of labour.· In this political economy, surplus value is accumulated by the state, not by individuals.· Political intervention is needed to realize absolute surplus value.· The state then determines how this surplus value will be used to serve its objectives and to provide goods to certain actors.
· And the only sensible place to use the surplus water was in the San Fernando Valley.· Filling up immediately behind the wall with porous material such as ballast or gravel will also help to get rid of surplus water.· Officials have said the bonds will be retired with surplus water system funds and will result in no tax increase.· Mulholland had been saying that the city had surplus water sufficient for only ten thousand new arrivals.
PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY
1more than what is needed or used: - It may be some time yet before Mansell's services are surplus to requirements.
- It was very pale and had no expression, as though expressions were surplus to requirements.
- Most housing developers believe about 30,000 of these are surplus to requirements.
- So now you have a new baby, your 15-year-old is surplus to requirements.
- The social services department says the three homes are surplus to requirements.
Ethiopia has no surplus food.surplus cash/funds/revenues Surplus cash can be invested.2be surplus to requirements British English formal to be no longer necessary: He found out he was surplus to requirements in London and left.