单词	stigma
释义	stigmastig‧ma /ˈstɪɡmə/ ●○○ noun Word Origin WORD ORIGINstigma Origin: 1500-1600 Latin ‘mark, mark burned on the skin’, from Greek, from stizein ‘to tattoo’ Examples EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES At first I found the stigma of being unemployed very difficult to cope with. Even when someone has been found innocent of a crime, the stigma often remains. In many countries there is still a strong social stigma attached to homosexuality. EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS But if we attack the stigma against unsafe behavior, we might just do the same for that. Farmers still have the problem of overcoming the stigma which all too often young people attach to working on the land. I didn't want this stigma on you too. Pollen must be transferred by hand from one flower to the stigma of another flower on a separate plant. The stigma may not result from associating her language with ignorance, but the unkindness is just as real. The negative side of reputation is stigma. They have all suffered grievously: shame, stigma and extreme social exclusion. Thesaurus THESAURUS► shame the feeling you have when you feel guilty and embarrassed because you, or someone who is close to you, have done something wrong: · She never overcame the shame of having abandoned her children.· He remembered his angry words with a deep sense of shame.· Following the scandal, Garrison resigned in shame. ► humiliation a feeling of shame and embarrassment because you have been made to look weak or stupid in front of other people: · What really upset me was the humiliation of having to ask her for money.· He suffered the humiliation of defeat in the first round of the competition. ► dishonour British English, dishonor American English formal the loss of other people’s respect because you have done something bad, or you have been unsuccessful: · His comments have brought shame and dishonour on him and his profession.· There is no dishonour in failure when you have done everything you possibly can to succeed. ► stigma the feeling that other people in society disapprove of you because of something that has happened to you, or because you feel different from most other people in some way – used especially when this seems unfair and unreasonable: · Even when someone has been found innocent of a crime, the stigma often remains.· At first I found the stigma of being unemployed very difficult to cope with.· In many countries there is still a strong social stigma attached to homosexuality. Longman Language Activatorthe feeling of being ashamed► shame the feeling that you have when you know that you have behaved badly or that you have lost other people's respect: · She remembered her angry words with a deep sense of shame.· "Please don't tell my dad about this," he said, blushing with shame.shame of: · She never overcame the shame of having abandoned her children.in shame: · Following the scandal, Garrison resigned in shame. ► disgrace when you have completely lost other people's respect because of something bad you have done: · While the father was in jail, the whole family suffered his disgrace.disgrace of: · Garton killed himself because he could not bear the disgrace of a public scandal.in disgrace: · Browne was caught using drugs, and was sent home from the private school in disgrace. ► humiliation a situation in which you are made to look weak or stupid that makes you ashamed and upset: · Her attackers seemed to take special pleasure in her humiliation.humiliation of: · What really upset me was the humiliation of having to ask her for money.public humiliation: · The Senator's public humiliation is almost punishment enough for what he did. ► indignity a situation in which you feel that you have no pride or self-respect, because people treat you as if you were completely unimportant: · He suffered insult and indignity in silence.· Being accused of theft was just one of the indignities I suffered under my last employer.indignity of: · I had to endure the indignity of being strip-searched for drugs. ► lose face to lose other people's respect for you, especially by doing something that makes you look weak, immoral, or stupid: · The leaders need to find a way of compromising without losing face among their supporters.· Rather than giving in and losing face, she carried on her needless quarrel with her father. ► stigma a strong feeling of being hated by society and being ashamed because of your situation or your actions: · Even when someone has been found innocent of a crime, the stigma often remains.stigma of: · At first I found the stigma of being unemployed very difficult to cope with.a stigma attached to something: · In many countries there is still a strong social stigma attached to homosexuality. WORD SETS► Plants acacia, nounacorn, nounalmond, nounaloe vera, nounanemone, nounangelica, nounaniseed, nounannual, nounanther, nounapricot, nounaquatic, adjectivearboreal, adjectivearboretum, nounartichoke, nounash, nounasparagus, nounaspen, nounaspidistra, nounaubergine, nounavocado, nounbalsa, nounbalsam, nounbamboo, nounbark, nounbarley, nounbasil, nounbay, nounbay leaf, nounbean, nounbeech, nounbeet, nounbegonia, nounbelladonna, nounbetel, nounbiennial, adjectivebilberry, nounbindweed, nounbiotechnology, nounbirch, nounblackberry, nounblackcurrant, nounblackthorn, nounbloom, nounbloom, verbblossom, nounblossom, verbbluebell, nounblueberry, nounbole, nounboll, nounbotanical, adjectivebotanist, nounbotany, nounbougainvillea, nounbough, nounbox, nounbracken, nounbranch, nounbreadfruit, nounbriar, nounbrier, nounbroad bean, nounbroadleaved, adjectivebroccoli, nounbroom, nounBrussels sprout, nounbud, nounbud, verbbulb, nounbulrush, nounburr, nounbush, nounbusy Lizzie, nounbutter bean, nounbuttercup, nouncabbage, nouncacao, nouncactus, nouncalyx, nouncamellia, nouncanopy, nouncantaloup, nouncapsicum, nouncaraway, nouncarnation, nouncarrot, nouncashew, nouncassava, nouncatkin, nouncauliflower, nouncedar, nouncelery, nouncellulose, nounchard, nouncherry, nounchervil, nounchestnut, nounchickweed, nounchicory, nounChinese leaves, nounchives, nounchlorophyll, nounchokecherry, nounchrysanthemum, nouncilantro, nouncitron, nouncitronella, nouncitrus, nounclematis, nounclementine, nounclimber, nounclove, nounclover, nouncloverleaf, nouncoca, nouncocoa bean, nouncoconut, nouncoffee bean, nouncollard greens, nouncone, nounconifer, nounconker, nouncopper beech, nouncore, nouncoriander, nouncorn, nouncorncob, nouncornflower, nouncotton, nouncottonwood, nouncovert, nouncowslip, nouncrabgrass, nouncreep, verbcreeper, nouncress, nouncrocus, nouncrop, verbcross-fertilize, verbcultivate, verbcultivation, nouncumin, nouncutting, nouncyclamen, nouncypress, noundaffodil, noundahlia, noundaisy, noundamson, noundandelion, noundandelion clock, noundate, noundeadly nightshade, noundeciduous, adjectivedill, noundock, noundouble, adjectiveduckweed, nounDutch elm disease, nounelder, nounelderberry, nounelm, nounendive, nounetiolated, adjectiveeucalyptus, nounevergreen, adjectiveevergreen, nounfemale, adjectivefennel, nounfern, nounfertilize, verbfibre, nounfig leaf, nounfir, nounflax, nounflesh, nounfleshy, adjectiveflora, nounflower, verbfoliage, nounforget-me-not, nounfoxglove, nounfreesia, nounfrond, nounfruit, nounfruit, verbfuchsia, nounfungal, adjectivefungus, nounfurze, noungardenia, noungentian, noungeranium, noungerminate, verbginger, noungladiolus, noungooseberry, noungorse, noungourd, noungrape, noungrapefruit, noungrapevine, noungrass, noungrassy, adjectivegreen, adjectivegreen bean, noungreengage, noungreen onion, noungreen pepper, noungroundnut, nounguava, noungum, noungum tree, nounhardy, adjectiveharicot, nounhawthorn, nounhazel, nounhazelnut, nounheart, nounheath, nounheather, nounhedgerow, nounheliotrope, nounhemlock, nounhemp, nounherb, nounherbaceous, adjectivehibiscus, nounhickory, nounhip, nounholly, nounhollyhock, nounhoneysuckle, nounhorse chestnut, nounhorseradish, nounhuckleberry, nounhusk, nounhyacinth, nounhybrid, nouniris, nounivy, nounjasmine, nounJerusalem artichoke, nounjuniper, nounkale, nounkelp, nounkernel, nounkidney bean, nounkumquat, nounlaburnum, nounlarch, nounlaurel, nounlavender, nounleader, nounleaf, nounleaf mould, nounleek, nounlegume, nounlemon, nounlentil, nounlettuce, nounlichen, nounlilac, nounlily, nounlily of the valley, nounlima bean, nounlimb, nounlime, nounlinden, nounlinseed, nounlocoweed, nounlog, nounloganberry, nounlotus, nounlush, adjectivelychee, nounmagnolia, nounmahogany, nounmale, adjectivemallow, nounmandrake, nounmangrove, nounmaple, nounmarigold, nounmarrow, nounmay, nounmilkweed, nounmimosa, nounmint, nounmistletoe, nounmorning glory, nounmoss, nounmountain ash, nounmulberry, nounmustard, nounmycology, nounmyrrh, nounmyrtle, nounnarcissus, nounnasturtium, nounnative, adjectivenative, nounnaturalist, nounnectarine, nounneedle, nounnettle, nounnodal, adjectivenode, nounnodule, nounnut, nounnutshell, nounoak, nounoffshoot, nounoilseed rape, nounoleander, nounolive, nounorchard, nounorchid, nounosier, nounovary, nounovergrown, adjectiveovergrowth, nounox-eye, nounpalm, nounpalm tree, nounpampas grass, nounpansy, nounpapyrus, nounparasite, nounparasitic, adjectiveparsley, nounparsnip, nounpassionflower, nounpeach, nounpear, nounpeat, nounpecan, nounpeony, nounpeppermint, nounperennial, adjectiveperennial, nounperiwinkle, nounpersimmon, nounpetal, nounpetunia, nounphlox, nounphotosynthesis, nounpimento, nounpimpernel, nounpine, nounpineapple, nounpinewood, nounpink, nounpinto bean, nounpip, nounpippin, nounpistachio, nounpistil, nounpit, nounpitch pine, nounpith, nounplane, nounplane tree, nounplankton, nounplant, nounplant, verbplantain, nounplum, nounpod, nounpoinsettia, nounpoison ivy, nounpoison oak, nounpollen, nounpollen count, nounpollinate, verbpoplar, nounpoppy, nounpoppyseed, nounpotato, nounprickle, nounprickly, adjectiveprickly pear, nounprimrose, nounprimula, nounprivet, nounpropagate, verbpuffball, nounpulp, nounpussy willow, nounragweed, nounragwort, nounramble, verbrambler, nounrampant, adjectiverank, adjectiverape, nounraspberry, nounrattan, nounredcurrant, nounredwood, nounreed, nounreedy, adjectiveresin, nounrhizome, nounrhododendron, nounrhubarb, nounrice, nounrind, nounripe, adjectiveripen, verbroot, nounroot, verbrose, nounrosebud, nounrosemary, nounrubber plant, nounrunner, nounrunner bean, nounrush, nounsac, nounsagebrush, nounsandalwood, nounsap, nounsapling, nounsappy, adjectivesapwood, nounsassafras, nounsavory, nounscallion, nounscion, nounscrub, nounscrubby, adjectiveseaweed, nounsedge, nounseed, nounseed, verbseedling, nounsegment, nounsenna, nounsepal, nounsequoia, nounsesame, nounset, nounshallot, nounshamrock, nounshed, verbshoot, verbshoot, nounshrub, nounsilver birch, nounskin, nounsloe, nounsnapdragon, nounsnowdrop, nounsorghum, nounsorrel, nounsoya bean, nounspearmint, nounspinach, nounspiny, adjectivespore, nounsprig, nounspring onion, nounsprout, verbsprout, nounspruce, nounsquash, nounstalk, nounstamen, nounstem, nounstigma, nounstinging nettle, nounstock, nounstraw, nounstrawberry, nounstring bean, nounstump, nounsucculent, nounsucker, nounsugar, nounsugar beet, nounsugarcane, nounsunflower, nounswede, nounsweetcorn, nounsweet gum, nounsweet pea, nounsweet william, nounsycamore, nountamarind, nountangerine, nountaproot, nountea, nounteasel, nounteazel, nountendril, nounthistle, nounthistledown, nounthorn, nounthorny, adjectivethyme, nountimber, nountoadstool, nountop, nountrailing, adjectivetranspiration, nountranspire, verbtransplant, verbtree, nountreetop, nountrefoil, nountruffle, nountrunk, nountuber, nountulip, nountumbleweed, nounturnip, nountwig, noununderbrush, nounundergrowth, noununripe, adjectivevanilla, nounvariegated, adjectivevegetable, nounvegetation, nounvein, nounvetch, nounvine, nounviolet, nounvirginia creeper, nounwallflower, nounwalnut, nounwater chestnut, nounwatercress, nounwater lily, nounweed, nounwhorl, nounwild rice, nounwillow, nounwilt, verbwisteria, nounwither, verbwithered, adjectivewoody, adjectivewormwood, nounyam, nounyew, nounyucca, noun Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY► the stigma of alcoholism/mental illness etc  The stigma of alcoholism makes it difficult to treat. ► stigma attached to  There is a social stigma attached to single parenthood. ► carries ... stigma  In the US, smoking carries a stigma. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► social · There was a social stigma attached to diesel car ownership, too.· The social stigma attached to epilepsy 3.· The perceived social stigma of a tuberculosis diagnosis may be so severe as to cause people to avoid testing or treatment.· For fear of some social stigma or psychological scarring, adopted children were routinely lied to about their beginnings.· Few claimants will want to attract the social stigma which attaches to a characterisation of a person as disabled.· The fact of living in the back region itself leaves a social stigma.· However, considerably more social stigma is attached to unemployment than to early retirement.· Morrissey is the martyr - confessing to almost every social stigma in the book and finding pleasure in pain. VERB► carry · Trade continued to carry a stigma.· For children, obesity carries a stigma that starts early. 1[countable usually singular, uncountable] a strong feeling in society that being in a particular situation or having a particular illness is something to be ashamed ofthe stigma of alcoholism/mental illness etc The stigma of alcoholism makes it difficult to treat. There is a social stigma attached to single parenthood. In the US, smoking carries a stigma.► see thesaurus at shame2[countable] technical the top of the centre part of a flower that receives the pollen which allows it to form new seeds
随便看	containment contaminant contaminate contaminated contamination contd. contemplate contemplation contemplative contemplatively contemporaneity contemporaneous contemporaneously contemporary contempt contemptible contemptuous contemptuously contend contender content contented contentedly contention contentious

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