单词 | association |
释义 | associationas‧so‧ci‧a‧tion /əˌsəʊsiˈeɪʃən, əˌsəʊʃi- $ əˌsoʊ-/ ●●○ W3 noun Examples EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES Thesaurus
THESAURUS► organization Collocations a group of people, companies, or countries, which is set up for a particular purpose: · Greenpeace is an international organization that protects the environment.· the World Health Organization ► institution a large important organization such as a bank, church, or university: · The University is an important academic institution.· financial institutions such as banks ► association an organization for people in a particular profession, sport, or activity, which officially represents its members – often used in names: · I met a representative of the National Association of Teachers.· the Football Association ► party an organization of people with the same political aims which you can vote for in elections: · Which political party do you support?· He voted for the Republican Party’s candidate. ► body an important group of people who make the rules and advise people about what should be allowed: · the sport’s governing body· The government has set up an advisory body. ► club/society an organization for people who share an interest, for example a sport: · We belong to a tennis club.· I joined the university film society. ► union an organization formed by workers in order to protect their rights: · The union ordered its members out on strike. ► charity an organization which collects money to help people who are poor, sick etc and does not make any profit for itself: · She has raised a lot of money for local charities. ► quango British English disapproving an organization set up by the government, which has official power but whose members have not been elected: · the amount of money that is wasted on government quangos Longman Language Activatoran organization for people who have the same interests or aims► club a group of people who meet regularly to do something that they are all interested in, for example a particular activity or sport: · They've set up a chess club at school.· the North Manchester Judo Clubjoin a club: · Why don't you join your local swimming club if you're keen on swimming?belong to a club (=be a member of a club): · They both belong to the local tennis club. ► society an organization for people who have the same interest or aim, especially a large official organization: · He joined the university film society as a way of making friends.· the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds· the president of the American Historical Society ► association an important organization for people in a particular profession, activity, sport etc, which officially represents its members and has the power to make rules: · The new health care proposals have been criticized by the British Medical Association.· The National Basketball Association negotiates TV rights for important games.association of: · the National Association of Head Teachers ► union an organization formed by workers to protect their rights and improve their pay and working conditions: · The largest teachers' union supports the education reforms.union of: · the National Union of Mineworkers.trade union British: labor union American: · The President could not rely on the support of the labor unions.join a union: · Some workers refused to join the union. ► league an organization consisting of people, countries, or groups that have joined together because they have the same aim: · The League of Nations was formed to promote international peace and security.· Morocco is a member of the Arab League.· Leaders of the Football League met to discuss the problems of violence at football games. ► federation a group of separate organizations or clubs which have joined together to help and support each other: · He is now chairman of the British Olympic Federation.· Her case was supported by the Chicago Teachers Federation.federation of: · the National Federation of Master Builders COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY► close association Phrases his close association with the Green Party ► strong association the strong association between the disease and middle-aged women COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► fraternal association/organization/society► a professional body/association (=organization that people from a particular profession can belong to)· Is your architect a member of a professional body? COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► close· Fine collection of pictures, Rockingham china. Close associations with Charles Dickens.· By its close association with women.· Most of the teaching was offered in small tutorial groups with close association between staff and students.· That began a close association between the two, with the artist applying himself assiduously to the theories of his friend.· Coupled with his close association with medicine, it explains why he decided to follow the career of scientist and natural philosopher.· Crosse's close association with Ralegh ruined his prospects at the court of James I and he retired.· The close association with the university teaching programs which prepare future teachers of exceptional children. 2. ► free· Freud later developed the technique of free association, a triumph which is often neglected in the discussion of his controversial theories.· Mosk, though a loyal liberal Democrat, demurred, citing the right of free political association.· This technique of free association is a contribution to psychology which is used widely by psychotherapists, including behaviourists.· Even the most innocent Jell-O fact sends me spiraling into free association darker than even the blackest black cherry.· Science may be obliged to find a new word free from religious associations.· Only very rarely would subjects become conscious of the fact that this was not a bona fide study in free association.· Remember, one of the fundamental freedoms is the right of free association.· This would violate their constitutional right of free association. ► local· A number of local fishermen's associations have objected to the development.· One waits for an outcry about such abuses from honest attorneys or an investigation by the local bar association.· Victoria Lum Ting, one of the powers in the local family association, visited our house.· A lay person would appear to be able to do little in this direction, except perhaps check with local trade associations.· There are also local credit associations that exchange credit information.· What Liverpool abolitionists initially expressed other local associations - in Hull, Norwich and Leicestershire for example - rapidly adopted.· As a reaction to those events some local associations organised a demonstration on October 23. ► long· She was a total mystery to him in spite of their long and successful association.· The long association with Jogis had bred out canine slavishness.· She had imagined it was because of her long association with the name Lemarchand, but it was not that.· Fortunately, Viktor valued him and they had a long association before he ever worked with Irina.· The Davis's long association continues, for they are still the owners.· Preston had a long association with railway stations.· In this way began the darkest chapter in the cat's long association with mankind. ► national· Since the national association was formed, 1.5 million people have been referred to Victim Support.· The national association estimates that 6 million workers moved from temporary to permanent positions in 1996.· Training squads and programmes are now part and parcel of the structures within each of the national associations.· The national association of large real estate developers sent its president to assist the process.· Play Matters is the national toy library association and membership costs £17.50 a year for unlimited access to toys!· Setting - National association for adults with cystic fibrosis. ► professional· The professional associations representing accountants sponsor numerous courses, seminars, group study programs, and other forms of continuing education.· Yet realistically this dilemma is likely to be brief as long as employers hold the key to one's livelihood rather than the professional association.· Join all the relevant trade and professional associations.· The teacher unions and professional associations have produced clear and accurate documents for their members which inevitably highlight these problems.· Others again, such as physics, chemistry or history, have important professional associations or societies without being full-blown professions.· There are a variety of professional associations of doctors, nurses and teachers which give tacit support to the regime.· Membership organisations Trade unions, trade associations, professional associations etc. ► significant· No other significant association between gastrointestinal symptoms and a specific organism was found.· Again, neither involvement nor perceptions of threat has any significant association with the attitudes measured by this factor.· Conversely, there was no significant association with portal hypertension.· The only significant association was an increased risk of leukaemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma associated with first pregnancy.· Barker etal also failed to find a significant association between birth weight and wheeze.· Conversely, we found a highly significant association with the severity of liver disease as measured by the Child's classes.· In accordance with Wyatt etal we found a significant association between the extent of gastric metaplasia and microscopic signs of duodenitis. ► strong· For woman as maker and subject, earth has particularly strong associations.· Studies show a strong association between consistent dividend growth and long-term stock performance.· The strong association between antral tumours and chronic active gastritis suggests the possibility that H pylori infection may have a pathogenic role.· The blue saddlecloth evidently had a strong association with pain; which indicated the reason for her earlier unsuccessful training.· However, a much stronger negative association was found between neurotic symptoms and the perceived adequacy of social relationships.· The strong association between colorectal dysplasia and cancer in ulcerative colitis was described in 1967.· A strong association, however, is not a proof of causation.· Through its strong associations with high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes, abdominal obesity in particular is injurious. ► voluntary· Finally, in a free democratic society, voluntary associations provide a training ground for participation in wider politics.· The village ceased to be a voluntary, personal association and became an administrative division existing for the convenience of the state.· All things considered, women belong to somewhat fewer voluntary associations than men do.· The inhabitants of the shanty towns have frequently achieved stability and social organisation through the establishment of personal networks and voluntary associations.· This implies that the government is operating in a world of autonomous, spontaneously self-creating, voluntary associations.· Likewise, many aspects of leisure and voluntary associations associated with residential location belong in the sphere of civil society. NOUN► authority· Local authority associations have identified the need for additional resources to provide both housing and education of the children of refugees.· The local authority associations were subsequently asked to provide an alternative set of proposals.· I propose to consult local authority associations on that very point.· But local authority associations, professional bodies and voluntary groups must not become scapegoats for government complacency and inaction.· Local authority associations say the transfer money is likely to be more than £100 million short of what is needed.· Eventually the local authority associations agreed a self-denying ordinance and in many authorities councillors do not seek access to records on individuals.· The department agreed to consider this in consultation with the local authority associations. ► housing· It may be difficult to move areas since many local authorities and some housing associations operate strict residence restrictions.· Nearly all new social housing is now being built by housing associations.· Ten percent of the entries were local authority schemes with the remainder divided equally between housing associations and private developers.· My hon. Friend knows of my great interest in further improving the resources available for housing associations.· The Corporation provides money to housing associations which rent and sell property.· On top of that, £358,000 was allocated to housing associations.· We will continue our programme of Large Scale Voluntary Transfer of council properties to housing associations. ► trade· The obvious possibility is for their trade associations to play a role on their behalf.· Of the 22 pilot projects funded so far, the vast majority are led by trade associations or industry groups.· But what exactly is a trade association?· The heavy package was sent to William Dennison, who had left the trade association almost a year earlier.· A member of the mineral trade association is being sought to ensure that there is also adequate linkage with the commercial sector.· A new report by the Baby Bells' trade association denies that. VERB► establish· The original reason for establishing our association had been to create a more representative forum for contacts.· These include the more firmly established association between the drugs and a potentially fatal lung disease, primary pulmonary hypertension.· Sherry, encouraged colleagues in Liverpool, London, Manchester and Preston to establish local associations. ► form· The sexes form different kinds of association for breeding in different species; some are monogamous, others polygynous, others polyandrous.· Or, they form their own associations without being prompted and rewarded.· Legal systems suppliers have recently formed a trade association that has been welcomed in the profession to encourage liaison and co-ordination.· Many of these children come from families which do not readily form themselves into associations and pressure groups.· They are not forming stimulus-response associations.· The new law on association allowed citizens to form associations without prior approval of the Interior Ministry.· This might have been another attempt deliberately to embarrass the newly formed association.· Anyone can form a trade association - you don't need any special qualifications or approval. ► house· Against this background, it's no surprise that housing associations are finding it increasingly difficult to recruit and retain staff.· With good will from Government, charities, housing associations and local councils, something may be done.· The housing associations also gained the freedom to raise their own funds for new housing developments.· Black Roofs had stopped being a mutual housing association in 1991.· Since then, housing associations raised 8. 5 billion pounds in private financing.· A non-mutual housing association is, however, treated as a private landlord.· Looks at housing association void management policy and practice, highlighting different approaches and the contribution of other agencies including local authorities. ► show· Several studies have shown the association of reflux oesophagitis with lower oesophageal sphincter dysfunction and impaired oesophageal peristalsis.· Studies show a strong association between consistent dividend growth and long-term stock performance.· It shows the close association that can exist between organic chemical synthesis and clay surfaces.· Another study has shown a positive association between gastric cancer and exposure to coal dust in those miners who smoked.· Both periodontal disease and poor oral hygiene showed stronger associations with total mortality than with coronary heart disease.· Indeed, from the 1920s, several studies showed an association between spacing and survival of the offspring. PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► in association with somebody/something 1[countable] an organization that consists of a group of people who have the same aims, do the same kind of work etc: the Association of Master Builders → housing association
► see thesaurus at organization2[countable, uncountable] a relationship with a particular person, organization, group etcassociation with his close association with the Green Party3in association with somebody/something made or done with another person, organization etc: concerts sponsored by the Arts Council in association with local businesses4[countable] a connection or relationship between two events, ideas, situations etcassociation between the strong association between the disease and middle-aged women5[countable] a feeling or memory that is related to a particular place, event, word etc: Scotland has all kinds of happy associations for me. |
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