单词	plague
释义	plague1 nounplague2 verb plagueplague1 /pleɪɡ/ ●○○ noun Word Origin WORD ORIGINplague1 Origin: 1300-1400 Old French plage, from Latin plaga ‘hit, wound’ Examples EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES AIDS has been called a sexual plague. an outbreak of plague EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS His speech carried a surprising pledge to end by March a nationwide plague of salary arrears. I was not comfortable talking to kids, particularly boys, and I avoided the older ones like the plague. Meanwhile she was not to set foot outside the door, as a plague of field-mice infested the estate. The plague spreads: more atoms split, and then yet more. There are now three people dead - it's like a plague that's struck the whole Lossie complex. Though relatively healthy animals, state health officials warn that they are notoriously susceptible to bubonic plague. Yet the final image of him working with plague victims transforms him into a heroic character. word sets WORD SETS► Illness & Disability abscess, nounache, verbache, nounacne, nounagoraphobia, nounagoraphobic, nounague, noun-aholic, suffixAIDS, nounailment, nounairsick, adjectivealbino, nounalcoholic, nounalcoholism, nounallergic, adjectiveallergy, nounamnesia, nounamputee, nounanaemia, nounanaemic, adjectiveangina, nounanorexia, nounanorexic, adjectiveantacid, nounanthrax, nounantibody, nounantidepressant, nounantidote, nounantigen, nounantihistamine, nounanti-inflammatory, adjectiveantitoxin, nounapoplectic, adjectiveapoplexy, nounappendicitis, nounarteriosclerosis, nounarthritis, nounaseptic, adjectiveaspirin, nounasthma, nounastigmatism, nounasymptomatic, adjectiveathlete's foot, nounatrophy, verbauto-immune disease, nounAyurvedic medicine, nounbaby blues, nounbacillus, nounbackache, nounbark, verbbattle fatigue, nounBCG, nounbedridden, adjectivebedsore, nounbed-wetting, nounbellyache, nounbenign, adjectiveberiberi, nounbespectacled, adjectivebetter, adjectivebilious, adjectivebinge, verbbiopsy, nounbirthmark, nounbite, verbbite, nounblack and blue, adjectiveBlack Death, the, black eye, nounblackout, nounbleed, verbbleeding, nounblind, verbblister, nounblister, verbblood bank, nounblood donor, nounblood poisoning, nounbloodshot, adjectiveblood transfusion, nounbloody, adjectivebloody, verbblue baby, nounboil, nounbotulism, nounbrain damage, nounbreakdown, nounbronchitis, nounbruise, nounbruise, verbBSE, nounbubonic plague, nounbug, nounbulimia, nounbump, nounbunion, nounbuzz, verbcalloused, adjectivecallus, nouncancer, nouncandida, nouncanker, nouncarbuncle, nouncarcinogen, nouncarcinogenic, adjectivecarcinoma, nouncardiac, adjectivecardiovascular, adjectivecaries, nouncarpal tunnel syndrome, nouncarrier, nouncarry, verbcarsick, adjectivecast, nouncasualty, nouncataract, nouncatarrh, nouncatatonic, adjectivecatching, adjectivecauliflower ear, nouncerebral palsy, nouncertify, verbcervical smear, nounchapped, adjectivecharley horse, nounchemotherapy, nounchesty, adjectivechicken pox, nounchilblains, nounChinese medicine, nouncholera, nounchronic, adjectivecirrhosis, nounCJD, nouncleanse, verbcleft palate, nounclinic, nounclinical, adjectiveclub foot, nouncold, nouncold sore, nouncolic, nouncolitis, nouncollapse, verbcolour-blind, adjectivecoma, nouncommon cold, nouncommon denominator, nouncommunicate, verbcomplaint, nouncomplicate, verbcomplication, nouncompound fracture, nounconcuss, verbconcussion, nouncondition, nouncongenital, adjectivecongested, adjectiveconjunctivitis, nounconstipation, nounconsumption, nounconsumptive, nouncontagion, nouncontagious, adjectivecontinent, adjectivecontract, verbcontusion, nounconvalesce, verbconvulsion, nouncorn, nouncortisone, nouncot death, nouncough, nounCPR, nouncrack-up, nouncramp, nounCreutzfeldt-Jakob disease, nouncrick, nouncrick, verbcripple, nouncripple, verbcross-eyed, adjectivecroup, nouncurable, adjectivecut, nouncyst, nouncystic fibrosis, nouncystitis, noundecompression sickness, noundeep vein thrombosis, noundeformity, noundegenerative, adjectivedehydrate, verbdelirious, adjectivedelirium, noundelusion, noundementia, noundengue fever, noundepression, noundermatitis, noundiabetes, noundiabetic, adjectivediabetic, noundiagnosis, noundialysis, noundiaper rash, noundiarrhoea, noundiphtheria, noundisability, noundisable, verbdisabled, adjectivedischarge, verbdisease, noundisgorge, verbdislocate, verbdisorder, noundissipated, adjectivedissipation, noundistemper, noundistend, verbdizzy, adjectivedoddering, adjectivedoddery, adjectivedonate, verbdonor, noundouble vision, noundoughy, adjectivedown, adverbDown's syndrome, noundrawn, adjectivedressing, noundrinker, noundrunk, adjectivedrunk, noundrunken, adjectivedull, adjectivedumb, adjectiveDVT, noundysentery, noundyslexia, noundyspepsia, noundyspeptic, adjectiveearache, nouneating disorder, nounEbola, nounectopic pregnancy, nouneczema, nounemaciated, adjectiveemasculate, verbembolism, nounemphysema, nounencephalitis, nounendoscope, nounenervate, verbenteritis, nounepidemic, nounepilepsy, nounepileptic, adjectiveepileptic, nounetiology, nounexcruciating, adjectiveexposure, nouneyeless, adjectiveeye strain, nounfail, verbfaint, nounfester, verbfever, nounfever blister, nounfevered, adjectivefeverish, adjectivefirst aid, nounfit, nounflat feet, nounflat-footed, adjectiveflu, nounfood poisoning, nounfoot and mouth disease, nounfracture, verbfracture, nounfrostbite, noungall, noungammy, adjectiveganglion, noungangrene, noungas, noungash, noungastric, adjectivegastritis, noungastroenteritis, nounGerman measles, nounget, verbgingivitis, nounglandular fever, nounglaucoma, noungnarled, adjectivegonorrhea, noungout, noungrand mal, noungraze, verbgraze, noungriping, adjectivegroggy, adjectivegrowing pains, noungrowth, noungush, verbgynaecology, nounhacking cough, nounhaemophilia, nounhaemophiliac, nounhaemorrhage, nounhaemorrhage, verbhaemorrhoids, nounhalitosis, nounhandicap, nounhandicapped, adjectivehangover, nounhard of hearing, adjectiveharelip, nounhay fever, nounheadache, nounhealth, nounheart attack, nounheartburn, nounheart disease, nounheart failure, nounheat exhaustion, nounheat rash, nounheatstroke, nounheave, verbhepatitis, nounhernia, nounherpes, nounHIV, nounhormone replacement therapy, nounhospital, nounhospitalize, verbhot flush, nounhousebound, adjectiveHRT, nounhump, nounhumpback, nounhunchback, nounhungover, adjectivehydrophobia, nounhypertension, nounhypothermia, nounhysterectomy, nounhysteria, nounhysterical, adjectiveillness, nounimmune, adjectiveimmune system, nounimmunity, nounimmunize, verbimmunology, nounimpacted, adjectiveimpediment, nounimpetigo, nounimpotent, adjectiveincision, nounincontinent, adjectiveincubate, verbincurable, adjectiveindigestion, nounindisposed, adjectiveindisposition, nouninfantile, adjectiveinfantile paralysis, nouninfect, verbinfected, adjectiveinfection, nouninfectious, adjectiveinfirmity, nouninflammation, nouninflammatory, adjectiveinfluenza, nouninfusion, nouningrowing, adjectiveinoculate, verbinoperable, adjectiveinsane, adjectiveinsanity, nouninsomnia, nouninsomniac, nouninstability, nounintensive care, nounintravenous, adjectiveinvalid, nouninvalidity, nouninvasive, adjectiveirregular, adjectiveirritable bowel syndrome, nounirritant, nounirritate, verbirritated, adjectiveirritation, noun-ism, suffixisolation, nounjaundice, nounjaundiced, adjectivejet lag, nounknock-kneed, adjectiveknotted, adjectivelaceration, nounlaryngitis, nounlegionnaire's disease, nounleper, nounleprosy, nounlesion, nounleukemia, nounlisp, nounlisteria, nounliverish, adjectivelockjaw, nounlong-sighted, adjectiveloose, adjectivelozenge, nounlumbago, nounlunacy, nounLyme disease, nounmad cow disease, nounmalady, nounmalaise, nounmalaria, nounmalformation, nounmalignancy, nounmalignant, adjectivemalnourished, adjectivemalnutrition, nounmange, nounmangy, adjectivemania, nounmanic, adjectivemanic depression, nounmastitis, nounME, nounmeasles, nounmedicinal, adjectivemegalomania, nounmegalomaniac, nounmelancholia, nounmelancholic, adjectivemelanoma, nounmend, verbmeningitis, nounmentally handicapped, adjectivemigraine, nounmild, adjectivemiscarriage, nounmole, nounmongol, nounmono, nounmononucleosis, nounmorbid, adjectivemorning sickness, nounmoron, nounmotion sickness, nounmotor neurone disease, nounMRI, nounMRSA, nounMS, nounmultiple sclerosis, nounmumps, nounmurmur, nounmusclebound, adjectivemuscular dystrophy, nounmute, adjectivemute, nounmyopia, nounmyopic, adjectivemyxomatosis, nounnarcolepsy, nounnausea, nounnauseate, verbnauseous, adjectivenearsighted, adjectivenervous breakdown, nounnettle rash, nounneuralgia, nounneurosis, nounneurotic, adjectivenosebleed, nounnotifiable, adjectiveNSU, nounobesity, nounoff-colour, adjectiveoperate, verboperation, nounophthalmic, adjectiveophthalmology, noun-osis, suffixosteoarthritis, nounosteopathy, nounosteoporosis, nounoutpatient, nounoverbite, nounpacemaker, nounpaediatrics, nounpale, adjectivepallid, adjectivepallor, nounpalpitate, verbpalpitations, nounpalsy, nounpandemic, nounparalyse, verbparalysed, adjectiveparalysis, nounparalytic, adjectiveparalytic, nounparanoia, nounparaplegia, nounparaplegic, nounparasitic, adjectiveParkinson's disease, nounparoxysm, nounpasty, adjectivepasty-faced, adjectivepathogen, nounpathological, adjectivepathology, nounpeaked, adjectivepeaky, adjectivepellagra, nounpeptic ulcer, nounperforated, adjectiveperiod pain, nounperitonitis, nounpernicious anaemia, nounpersecution complex, nounpestilence, nounpestilential, adjectivepetit mal, nounpharyngitis, nounphlebitis, nounphlegm, noun-phobic, suffixphysiotherapy, nounpigeon-toed, adjectivepins and needles, nounplacebo, nounplague, nounplaque, nounplaster cast, nounpleurisy, nounPMS, nounPMT, nounpneumonia, nounpockmark, nounpockmarked, adjectivepoisoning, nounpolio, nounpolyp, nounpoor, adjectivepost-traumatic stress disorder, nounpremenstrual tension, nounprescribe, verbprescription, nounpreventive medicine, nounprickle, verbprickly heat, nounprognosis, nounprolapse, nounprophylactic, adjectiveprophylactic, nounprophylaxis, nounpsoriasis, nounpsychopath, nounpsychosis, nounpsychosomatic, adjectivepsychotic, adjectivepuffy, adjectivepull, verbpurulent, adjectivepus, nounpustule, nounqueasy, adjectiverabid, adjectiverabies, nounradiation sickness, nounradiography, nounrash, nounraw, adjectivereact, verbreaction, nounreceive, verbrecuperate, verbrecuperative, adjectiveregurgitate, verbrelapse, verbremission, nounrepetitive strain injury, nounresistance, nounrespond, verbretch, verbRhesus factor, nounrheumatic, adjectiverheumatic fever, nounrheumatism, nounrheumatoid arthritis, nounrickets, nounringworm, nounRSI, nounrubella, nounrun-down, adjectiverunny, adjectiverupture, nounsaddle-sore, adjectivesalmonella, nounscab, nounscabby, adjectivescabies, nounscald, verbscald, nounscaly, adjectivescar, nounscar, verbscarlet fever, nounschizophrenia, nounsciatica, nounsclerosis, nounscrape, verbscrape, nounscratch, nounscurvy, nounseasick, adjectiveseizure, nounself-examination, nounsenile, adjectivesenile dementia, nounsenseless, adjectivesepsis, nounseptic, adjectivesepticaemia, nounserum, nounset, verbsexually transmitted disease, nounshell shock, nounshell-shocked, adjectiveshingles, nounshock, nounshort-sighted, adjectivesickle-cell anaemia, nounsickly, adjectivesickness, nounside effect, nounsightless, adjectivesimple fracture, nounsleeping sickness, nounslipped disc, nounsmallpox, nounsnakebite, nounsnow blindness, nounsore, adjectivesore, nounspastic, adjectivespecial needs, nounspecimen, nounspina bifida, nounsprain, verbsputum, nounsquint, verbsquint, nounstammer, nounstarvation, nounstarve, verbSTD, nounstomachache, nounstone, nounstrain, nounstrain, verbstrangulated, adjectivestrep throat, nounstroke, nounsty, nounsuccumb, verbsufferer, nounsunstroke, nounsuperbug, nounsurgical, adjectiveswelling, nounswollen, adjectivesymptom, nounsymptomatic, adjectivesyndrome, nounsyphilis, nounTB, nountear, verbtetanus, nountherapeutic, adjectivetherapy, nounthrombosis, nounthrush, nountic, nountight, adjectivetingle, verbtinnitus, nountipsy, adjectivetonsillitis, nountoothache, nountorment, nountourniquet, nountoxaemia, nountoxic shock syndrome, nountraction, nountransfusion, nountrauma, nountravel sickness, nountreatment, nountremor, nountuberculosis, nountumour, nountunnel vision, nountwinge, nountwitch, nountyphoid, nountyphus, nounulcer, nounulcerate, verbultrasound, noununderweight, adjectiveundressed, adjectiveunhealthy, adjectiveuntreated, adjectivevaccinate, verbvaccine, nounvaricose veins, nounVD, nounvenereal disease, nounverruca, nounvertigo, nounviral, adjectivevirology, nounvirulent, adjectivevomit, verbvomit, nounwart, nounweak, adjectiveweal, nounweep, verbwheeze, verbwheeze, nounwheezy, adjectivewhiplash, nounwhooping cough, nounwind, nounwithered, adjectivewound, nounwrench, verbwriter's cramp, nounyaws, nounyeast infection, nounyellow fever, noun Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► avoid ... like the plague  Why did you speak to him? You usually avoid him like the plague (=try hard to avoid him). COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► bubonic · Monservate was demolished after an outbreak of bubonic plague, an unusual fate for a station.· Global incidences of cholera, tuberculosis, diphtheria and bubonic plague have all increased significantly in the last five years.· Later on, my nursing studies taught me it had been a form of bubonic plague.· You know, the ones about the bubonic plague and all that.· Thus, there seems little doubt that it was bubonic plague which struck Chesterfield in 1586-87.· Elsewhere, typhus carried off many who had been weakened by starvation; in Chesterfield the pestilence was almost certainly bubonic plague.· The writer's po-faced style occasionally irritates: do people really need reminding that cases of bubonic plague should be treated immediately?· Hisey said rodents can carry bubonic plague and other diseases and attract fleas. VERB► avoid · As you know, the best commercial travel pictures avoid people like the plague.· I guess I have avoided it like the plague, without much wanting to admit my cowardice.· Self-pity is a totally contemptible vice and I have throughout many vicissitudes and much unmerited disappointment avoided it as a plague.· Trees evenly spaced, at regulation height, and all plumb vertical, must be avoided like the plague.· Unless they are quite brilliant, jokes are best avoided in essays. Avoid cliches like the plague! 6.· The Profitboss avoids committees like the plague.· The place has given off a bad odour for years and I have always avoided it like the plague.· But if you just want to use your computer for word-processing or web-surfing, avoid it like the plague. ► die · Sixty-two villagers died of the plague in the seventeenth century.· At about the same time, his two legitimate sons died of the plague.· He died in 1167 of plague after the defeat of the army near Tusculum.· Women died in labor, men died in battle, millions died in plagues.· Compliance sometimes led to delay in burial, though there was a waiver for anyone dying of the plague. Phrases PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► a plague of rats/locusts etc From Tracy Luv to Sarah-Lou, Corrie kids are as well-behaved as a plague of locusts. I wonder what really causes a plague of rats? 1[countable] a disease that causes death and spreads quickly to a large number of people:  drops in population levels due to plagues and famines2[uncountable] (also the plague) a very infectious disease that produces high fever and swollen places on the body, and often leads to death, especially bubonic plague → Black Death:  The plague caused 100,000 deaths in London alone in the 1600s.3a plague of rats/locusts etc an uncontrolled and harmful increase in the numbers of a particular animal or insect:  A plague of squirrels is threatening our forests. → avoid somebody/something like the plague at avoid(2) plague1 nounplague2 verb plagueplague2 verb [transitive] Verb Table VERB TABLE plague Simple Form Present I, you, we, they plague he, she, it plagues Past I, you, he, she, it, we, they plagued Present perfect I, you, we, they have plagued he, she, it has plagued Past perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they had plagued Future I, you, he, she, it, we, they will plague Future perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they will have plagued Continuous Form Present I am plaguing he, she, it is plaguing you, we, they are plaguing Past I, he, she, it was plaguing you, we, they were plaguing Present perfect I, you, we, they have been plaguing he, she, it has been plaguing Past perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they had been plaguing Future I, you, he, she, it, we, they will be plaguing Future perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they will have been plaguing Examples EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES Elway has been plagued all season by back problems. Heavy rains continue to plague the state. Social problems plague these low-income communities. The area is plagued by soil erosion and flooding. EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS Fires continued to burn elsewhere in the West in states plagued by one of the worst droughts of the century. Frederick was plagued with one illness after another throughout his childhood, mainly suffering from asthma and other breathing problems. Louka is also plagued by the police who are very suspicious about his bogus marriage. Nevertheless the Republicans, plagued by continuing factional disputes over strategy, tactics and supply, proved unable to recapture lost territory. Perhaps the most noticeable earnings problem has plagued the semiconductor group, the hottest sector through the first three quarters of 1995. Price inflation plagued the distribution of imported goods and was aggravated by bottlenecks in ports like Khorramshahr and beyond. Some say these were sent by the Witch King to plague him. Wanda Kaczynski is plagued by guilt. Thesaurus Longman Language Activatorwhen a fact or situation causes problems► cause/create/pose a problem to cause a problem that has to be dealt with: · You would be the only woman on a staff of over thirty men, which could create problems.· Both parents and teachers are worried about the problems posed by drugs.cause/create/pose a problem for: · Rebecca was frequently late for work, which caused problems for her colleagues.· Rising inflation could pose a major problem for the government. ► make life difficult to cause problems for someone and make it difficult or inconvenient for them to do what they want to do: · Petty arguments between staff have made the manager's life difficult.make life difficult for: · The rail strikes are making life increasingly difficult for people who have to travel into London every day. ► present a problem/difficulty if an activity or a plan presents a problem , there is a problem connected with it that has to be dealt with: · Constructing a highway in this area would present enormous difficulties.present a problem/difficulty for: · Live television programmes present special problems for the broadcaster.present somebody with a problem/difficulty: · Britain's relationship with other members of the European Union presents Blair with problems, just as it did for the Tories. ► troublesome something that is troublesome keeps causing problems over a period of time: · The infection can be particularly troublesome if it affects the lungs or throat.· The plant is regarded as a troublesome weed in rice fields. ► be a headache informal to cause problems over a period of time that are difficult to deal with: · Messy walkways and picnic tables are just some of the headaches caused by the hundreds of ducks that gather by the lake.be a headache for: · Censorship is always a constant headache for newspapers in the republic.give somebody a headache: · The scandal has given the minister a very public headache. ► plague if difficulties, illnesses, doubts, problems etc plague someone, there are a lot of them and they keep causing trouble for a long time: · Social problems plague these low-income communities.· The area is plagued by soil erosion and flooding. ► dog if a problem or bad luck dogs someone or something, it keeps causing trouble for a long time and prevents them from succeeding: · The team has been dogged by injury all season.· Zambia had none of the heritage of war and violence that dogged, say, Kenya or Zimbabwe. Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► avoid ... like the plague  Why did you speak to him? You usually avoid him like the plague (=try hard to avoid him). COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADVERB► still · He had, nevertheless, put his finger on a problem that still plagues museums. NOUN► life · You've been plaguing the life out of me and everybody else for as long as I've worked here. ► problem · Perhaps this is a reflection of the problems that have plagued nuclear fission.· Perhaps the most noticeable earnings problem has plagued the semiconductor group, the hottest sector through the first three quarters of 1995.· The visitors were again struck by injury; a problem which has plagued them all season.· Yet the same problems which plagued the civil courts prevailed.· Bugel wants to correct the problems that plagued his rushing defense and offense against the Chargers.· He had, nevertheless, put his finger on a problem that still plagues museums.· Only this season, his second in Tucson, has Davis avoided the myriad off-court problems that plagued his career since childhood. VERB► continue · But the injured continued to plague the system with their suits, and finally a bargain was struck.· Yet the ageless question continued to plague us. 1to cause pain, suffering, or trouble to someone, especially for a long period of timebe plagued by/with something He was plagued by eye troubles. Financial problems continued to plague the company.GRAMMAR Plague is often passive in this meaning.2to annoy someone, especially by asking for something many times or asking them many questionsplague somebody with something The kids have been plaguing me with questions.
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