| 释义 |
The declarative The declarative is used to make statements. A statement is usually the expression of a fact or of an opinion. Statements can be both positive or negative.- Kate is not working after all.
- Tim wasn’t reading your diary.
- Helen wasn’t talking about you.
- I’m not going on holiday this year.
Declarative sentences always contain a subject and a following verb phrase.The normal word order for declarative sentences: subject + verb phrase- Kate is working.
- Tim was reading.
- Helen stared at me in surprise.
subject + verb phrase + direct object- Ross is writing a letter.
- Pam borrowed three library books.
- Stephen ordered vegetarian lasagne.
subject + verb phrase + adverbial- Dominic was eating very slowly.
- Lyndsey was studying in her room.
- Mikhail laughed nervously.
subject + verb phrase + direct object + adverbial- Dominic was eating his lunch very slowly.
- Lyndsey had been reading a book in her room.
Certain verbs must have following objects, e.g. see, find, prefer, take.- She saw her friend.
- He found a camera.
- They took a holiday brochure.
Other verbs need, or can have, both a direct and an indirect object, e.g. give, buy, offer.- Laura offered me another biscuit.
- Scott’s uncle bought him a new bike.
The word order can be either: subject + verb + indirect object + direct object- Kate gave the dog a bone.
- Stuart bought Marie a birthday present.
or, with the addition of a word that indicates the recipient: subject + verb + direct object + to/for + indirect object.- Kate gave a bone to the dog.
- Stuart bought a birthday present for Marie.
Another group of verbs must be followed either by an object and an adverbial expression, or an adverbial expression on its own e.g. put, place, stand.- Richard placed the computer on the table.
- Diana put her jeans in the drawer.
- Michael stood in the middle of the pitch.
A further type of declarative statement has the same basic order of subject and verb as the subject + verb phrase + direct object example on The declarative, but with a complement replacing the direct object. See Complements for more about complements and Parts of speech for more about objects.- Elisabeth seems to have been rather worried lately.
- This dessert is delicious.
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