Carnotn.

Brit.

/ˈkɑːnəʊ/, U.S.

/kɑrˈnoʊ/

Etymology: < the name of N. L. S. Carnot (1796–1832), French physicist.

Physics.

Used attributively and in the possessive to designate thermodynamic concepts devised by Carnot or arising out of his work.

a. Carnot cycle n. (also Carnot's cycle) the cycle of an ideal heat engine in which a substance is successively and reversibly expanded at constant temperature, expanded adiabatically, compressed at constant temperature, and compressed adiabatically to its initial temperature and volume.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > other types of engine > [noun] > hot-air > cycle in

Carnot cycle1887

Stirling (or Stirling's) cycle1887

heat cycle1894

1887 Encycl. Brit. XXII. 481/2 This is the fraction of the whole heat given to it which an engine following Carnot's cycle converts into work.

1930 Engineering 4 July 25/1 Later, the reheat cycle had been exploited, also combination cycles of various kinds, many of which approach the Carnot cycle in efficiency.

1977 I. M. Campbell Energy & Atmosphere vi. 149 The maximum theoretical thermodynamic efficiency of a water/steam working cycle is achieved in the Carnot cycle.

b. Carnot engine n. an ideal heat engine; see Carnot cycle n. at sense a.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > other types of engine > [noun] > hot-air

air engine1740

Stirling (or Stirling's) engine1845

caloric-engine1854

Carnot engine1937

1937 M. W. Zemansky Heat & Thermodynamics ix. 140 Two temperatures on the Kelvin scale are to each other as the heats absorbed and rejected respectively by a Carnot engine operating between reservoirs at these temperatures.

c. Carnot principle n. (or Carnot's principle, Carnot theorem, Carnot's theorem) the principle that all heat engines operating reversibly between the same temperatures have the same efficiency, which is greater than the efficiency achievable by irreversible operation between the same temperatures.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > other types of engine > [noun] > hot-air > principle of

Carnot principle1849

1849 W. Thomson in Trans. Royal Soc. Edinb. XVI. 541 (heading) An account of Carnot's theory of the motive power of heat.

1849 W. Thomson in Trans. Royal Soc. Edinb. XVI. 544 So generally is Carnot's principle tacitly admitted as an axiom, that its application in this case has never..been questioned.

1956 Nature 21 Jan. 111/2 Solar radiation may be converted to electricity by thermo-couples in which heat is an intermediate form of energy and which, therefore, are subject to the toll of the Carnot efficiency.

1984 D. C. Giancoli Gen. Physics xxi. 411 Carnot's theorem can be shown to follow from..the second law of thermodynamics.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1989; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	carnot
释义	Carnotn. Brit. /ˈkɑːnəʊ/, U.S. /kɑrˈnoʊ/ Etymology: < the name of N. L. S. Carnot (1796–1832), French physicist. Physics. Used attributively and in the possessive to designate thermodynamic concepts devised by Carnot or arising out of his work. a. Carnot cycle n. (also Carnot's cycle) the cycle of an ideal heat engine in which a substance is successively and reversibly expanded at constant temperature, expanded adiabatically, compressed at constant temperature, and compressed adiabatically to its initial temperature and volume. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > other types of engine > [noun] > hot-air > cycle in Carnot cycle1887 Stirling (or Stirling's) cycle1887 heat cycle1894 1887 Encycl. Brit. XXII. 481/2 This is the fraction of the whole heat given to it which an engine following Carnot's cycle converts into work. 1930 Engineering 4 July 25/1 Later, the reheat cycle had been exploited, also combination cycles of various kinds, many of which approach the Carnot cycle in efficiency. 1977 I. M. Campbell Energy & Atmosphere vi. 149 The maximum theoretical thermodynamic efficiency of a water/steam working cycle is achieved in the Carnot cycle. b. Carnot engine n. an ideal heat engine; see Carnot cycle n. at sense a. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > other types of engine > [noun] > hot-air air engine1740 Stirling (or Stirling's) engine1845 caloric-engine1854 Carnot engine1937 1937 M. W. Zemansky Heat & Thermodynamics ix. 140 Two temperatures on the Kelvin scale are to each other as the heats absorbed and rejected respectively by a Carnot engine operating between reservoirs at these temperatures. c. Carnot principle n. (or Carnot's principle, Carnot theorem, Carnot's theorem) the principle that all heat engines operating reversibly between the same temperatures have the same efficiency, which is greater than the efficiency achievable by irreversible operation between the same temperatures. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > other types of engine > [noun] > hot-air > principle of Carnot principle1849 1849 W. Thomson in Trans. Royal Soc. Edinb. XVI. 541 (heading) An account of Carnot's theory of the motive power of heat. 1849 W. Thomson in Trans. Royal Soc. Edinb. XVI. 544 So generally is Carnot's principle tacitly admitted as an axiom, that its application in this case has never..been questioned. 1956 Nature 21 Jan. 111/2 Solar radiation may be converted to electricity by thermo-couples in which heat is an intermediate form of energy and which, therefore, are subject to the toll of the Carnot efficiency. 1984 D. C. Giancoli Gen. Physics xxi. 411 Carnot's theorem can be shown to follow from..the second law of thermodynamics. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1989; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1849
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