causewayn.

Brit.

/ˈkɔːzweɪ/, U.S.

/ˈkɔzˌweɪ/,

/ˈkɑzˌweɪ/

Forms: Middle English cawce wey, cawcy wey, 1500s–1700s causey-way; 1500s– cause-way, causeway; also 1500s–1600s causway, 1600s cawseway, cawsway, cowsway, ( caused-, cawsedway), casseway, caseway, Scottish caulsway.

Etymology: In 15th cent. caucé-wey , caucy-wey , < caucé , caucy causey n. + way n.¹ and int.¹ The compound has to a great extent taken the place of the simple causey, which, where it survives in local use, is apt to be treated as a corruption of this. On the other hand, etymologists have erroneously guessed that causeway was merely a corruption of causey.

1. A road formed on a ‘causey’ or mound; a raised road across a low or wet place, or piece of water; formerly also applied to a mole or landing-pier running into the sea or a river; = causey n. 2. the Giant's Causeway (or Causey): a natural formation in county Antrim, Ireland, consisting of a collection of basaltic columns extending like a mole or pier into the sea.

ΘΠ

society > travel > means of travel > route or way > other means of passage or access > [noun] > causeway across water or bog

causeyc1300

causewayc1440

dike1480

dam1812

gut-way1898

society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > path or place for walking > [noun] > foot(-)path > by side of street or road

plainstones1611

flanker1682

side pavement1685

footwalk1701

sideway1738

sidewalk1739

pavement1743

banquette1772

footpath1776

trottoir1789

walkway1792

parapet1795

causeway1796

flag-way1800

flags1801

pave1835

flagstone1840

flagging1851

walk1913

pedway1965

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 64 Cawcewey [King's Cambr. cavuce, Pynson cawcy wey], calcetum.

a1619 S. Daniel Coll. Hist. Eng. (1621) 28 Finding the case~way long and the bridge narrow.

1633 E. Campion Hist. Ireland ii. v. 81 Edified sundry Castles, cawswayes, and bridges.

1651 Bp. J. Taylor XXVIII Serm. viii. 95 Dig down the Causeywayes.

c1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1643 (1955) II. 83 To goe crosse a Vally where a Causeway and a Bridge was built over a small river.

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) i. 34 Builders of Bridges..and makers of Caused waies, or Causways (which are Bridges over dirt).

1666 S. Pepys Diary 5 Jan. (1972) VII. 4 The..running-out of Cawse ways into the River.

1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 425 Narrow cause~ways are raised a foot and a half on each side, for..foot passengers.

1853 J. Phillips Rivers, Mountains, & Sea-coast Yorks. ix. 244 Roman roads..traversing the..marshy ground by causeways.

1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 244 A narrow paved causeway which ran across the bog.

figurative.1642 S. Ashe Best Refuge 25 The Lord our Saviour hath cast up such a caus-way to Heaven.

a. A highway; usually a paved way, such as existed before the introduction of macadamization. Now historical, or forming part of the name of ancient ways, esp. the Roman roads, the military roads of the 17th cent., etc.: = causey n. 3, 4.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > road > [noun] > paved

streeteOE

causey1495

streetway1600

causeway1611

1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. G4 Betwixt Neuers and Moulins, was a goodly faire pitched casse-way.

1612 J. Speed Theatre of Empire of Great Brit. i. xxii. 43/2 That ancient Causey-way which is called Watling-street.

1708 N. Luttrell Diary 30 Sept. in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) To encamp on the causey ways of Dovay and Arras.

1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 36. ⁋6 The Confederate Army extends..on the Causeway between Tournay and Lisle, to Epain.

1726 J. Swift Let. to Pope 5 Dec. in Lett. Dr. Swift (1741) 59 Gallop a foundred horse ten miles upon a causeway, and get home safe.

1851 D. Wilson Archæol. & Prehistoric Ann. Scotl. iii. ii. 385 The well-known Roman road..popularly styled the ‘Fishwives' Causeway’.

1860 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (ed. 2) VI. 177 The road or causeway on which Wyatt was expected to advance, ran nearly on the site of Piccadilly.

b. figurative.

1597 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 1st 3 Bks. iii. v. 61 Much I maruailed, To see so large a Caus-way in his head.

1646 J. Hall Horæ Vacivæ 56 These are Cause-wayes of ambition as well as fame.

1649 Bp. J. Hall Humble Motion to Parl. 14 What directer caus-way could you finde to the aggrandization of your owne glory?

1672 A. Marvell Rehearsal Transpros'd i. 76 Who hath paved a broad Causway with Mortal Virtue thorow his kingdom.

3. Put for causey n. in other senses.

ΘΠ

society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > street > [noun] > paved with cobbles

causey1535

causeway1828

the world > the earth > land > land mass > shore or bank > embankment or dam > [noun]

wharf1038

causeyc1330

wall1330

bulwark1555

scut1561

weir1599

mound1613

staithe1613

breastwork1641

embankment1786

bund1813

sheath1850

fleet-dyke1858

sheathing1867

causeway1878

flood-bank1928

stopbank1950

1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth ii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. I. 38 I..care not which side of the causeway my daughter and I walk upon, so we may keep our road in peace and quietness.

1830 J. Galt Lawrie Todd III. ix. viii. 283 A woful thing to have heard as causeway talk.

1853 C. Reade Christie Johnstone 175 She drew near enough to the wall to allow room for another on the causeway.

1878 T. H. Huxley Physiogr. (ed. 2) 170 A causeway has been erected on the beach to arrest the progress of the sea.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online September 2019).

causewayv.

Brit.

/ˈkɔːzweɪ/, U.S.

/ˈkɔzˌweɪ/, /ˈkɑzˌweɪ/

Etymology: < causeway n.

1. transitive. To pave with cobbles or pebbles. Chiefly as a (supposed) anglicizing of causey v.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > paving and road-building > pave or build roads [verb (transitive)] > pave > pave with specific material

causeya1552

flag1615

causeway1744

metal1806

blind1812

macadamize1823

slab1832

flint1834

pebble1835

asphalt1872

concrete1875

cube1887

cobble1888

block1891

wood-block1908

tarmacadam1910

tarviate1926

tarmac1966

1744 S. Williams in Philos. Trans. 1740–41 (Royal Soc.) 41 468 A Circle of Two Feet Diameter..causwayed with small stones laid edgeways.

1814 W. Scott in J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott (1839) IV. 191 The streets flagged instead of being causewayed.

1847 H. Miller First Impressions Eng. xi. 194 Quartz pebbles, used in causewaying footways.

1854 H. Miller Schools & Schoolmasters (1858) xii. 267 A few loads of water-rolled pebbles for causewaying a floor.

2. To fill up, or cross, with a raised causeway.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > route or way > other means of passage or access > [verb (transitive)] > provide with a causeway

causeway1702

1702 in Register Bk. Cambridge, Mass. (1896) 230 Those Barrs yt lead into ye sd Meadow on ye easterly Side where it is Caswayed with Gravel & timber.

1870 Daily News 24 Sept. They were causewaying the approaches to the timber platform with grassy sods.

1887 E. D. Morgan in Proc. Royal Geog. Soc. IX. 237 The worst parts had been roughly bridged or causewayed.

Derivatives

(Mostly for causeyed, -ing.)

ˈcausewayed adj. also applied spec. to a type of enclosure built by neolithic settlers in southern Britain.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > [adjective] > enclosed > type of neolithic enclosure

causewayed1865

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > paving and road-building > [adjective] > paved > with specific material

pebble-paved1597

flaggeda1661

pebble-paven1821

Macadamite1824

asphalted1845

cobbled1853

cobblestoned1858

causewayed1865

stoned1869

kidney-paved1889

cobbly1891

stone-flagged1904

tar-sealed1928

tarmacked1966

1865 Daily Tel. 28 Nov. 7/3 Ten miles along the causewayed track.

1934 E. C. Curwen in Antiquaries Jrnl. XIV. 99 Whitehawk Camp..is one of the eight proved neolithic camps of ‘causewayed’ type in Britain.

1960 N. Thomas Guide Prehist. Eng. 11 The earliest earthworks to survive, the causewayed camps of southern England, were the first to be built by these so-called primary neolithic peasants. Their banks and interrupted ditches afforded protection against wild animals.

ˈcausewaying n.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > route or way > other means of passage or access > [noun] > causeway across water or bog > the action of

causewaying1876

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > paving and road-building > [noun] > paving > with specific material

gravelling1577

causeying1596

flagging1656

pitching1702

ruderation1730

macadamization1822

macadamizing1824

asphalting1840

blinding1843

causewaying1876

bouldering1880

metalling1885

blacktopping1947

tarmacing1975

1876 D. Page Adv. Text-bk. Geol. (ed. 6) vii. 136 Their extensive use in causewaying and macadamising.

1882 R. Munro Anc. Sc. Lake Dwellings 22 What may be called a rough, loose causewaying of stones.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online September 2018).

单词	causeway
释义	causewayn. Brit. /ˈkɔːzweɪ/, U.S. /ˈkɔzˌweɪ/, /ˈkɑzˌweɪ/ Forms: Middle English cawce wey, cawcy wey, 1500s–1700s causey-way; 1500s– cause-way, causeway; also 1500s–1600s causway, 1600s cawseway, cawsway, cowsway, ( caused-, cawsedway), casseway, caseway, Scottish caulsway. Etymology: In 15th cent. caucé-wey , caucy-wey , < caucé , caucy causey n. + way n.¹ and int.¹ The compound has to a great extent taken the place of the simple causey, which, where it survives in local use, is apt to be treated as a corruption of this. On the other hand, etymologists have erroneously guessed that causeway was merely a corruption of causey. 1. A road formed on a ‘causey’ or mound; a raised road across a low or wet place, or piece of water; formerly also applied to a mole or landing-pier running into the sea or a river; = causey n. 2. the Giant's Causeway (or Causey): a natural formation in county Antrim, Ireland, consisting of a collection of basaltic columns extending like a mole or pier into the sea. ΘΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > other means of passage or access > [noun] > causeway across water or bog causeyc1300 causewayc1440 dike1480 dam1812 gut-way1898 society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > path or place for walking > [noun] > foot(-)path > by side of street or road plainstones1611 flanker1682 side pavement1685 footwalk1701 sideway1738 sidewalk1739 pavement1743 banquette1772 footpath1776 trottoir1789 walkway1792 parapet1795 causeway1796 flag-way1800 flags1801 pave1835 flagstone1840 flagging1851 walk1913 pedway1965 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 64 Cawcewey [King's Cambr. cavuce, Pynson cawcy wey], calcetum. a1619 S. Daniel Coll. Hist. Eng. (1621) 28 Finding the case~way long and the bridge narrow. 1633 E. Campion Hist. Ireland ii. v. 81 Edified sundry Castles, cawswayes, and bridges. 1651 Bp. J. Taylor XXVIII Serm. viii. 95 Dig down the Causeywayes. c1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1643 (1955) II. 83 To goe crosse a Vally where a Causeway and a Bridge was built over a small river. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) i. 34 Builders of Bridges..and makers of Caused waies, or Causways (which are Bridges over dirt). 1666 S. Pepys Diary 5 Jan. (1972) VII. 4 The..running-out of Cawse ways into the River. 1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 425 Narrow cause~ways are raised a foot and a half on each side, for..foot passengers. 1853 J. Phillips Rivers, Mountains, & Sea-coast Yorks. ix. 244 Roman roads..traversing the..marshy ground by causeways. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 244 A narrow paved causeway which ran across the bog. figurative.1642 S. Ashe Best Refuge 25 The Lord our Saviour hath cast up such a caus-way to Heaven. 2. a. A highway; usually a paved way, such as existed before the introduction of macadamization. Now historical, or forming part of the name of ancient ways, esp. the Roman roads, the military roads of the 17th cent., etc.: = causey n. 3, 4. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > road > [noun] > paved streeteOE causey1495 streetway1600 causeway1611 1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. G4 Betwixt Neuers and Moulins, was a goodly faire pitched casse-way. 1612 J. Speed Theatre of Empire of Great Brit. i. xxii. 43/2 That ancient Causey-way which is called Watling-street. 1708 N. Luttrell Diary 30 Sept. in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) To encamp on the causey ways of Dovay and Arras. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 36. ⁋6 The Confederate Army extends..on the Causeway between Tournay and Lisle, to Epain. 1726 J. Swift Let. to Pope 5 Dec. in Lett. Dr. Swift (1741) 59 Gallop a foundred horse ten miles upon a causeway, and get home safe. 1851 D. Wilson Archæol. & Prehistoric Ann. Scotl. iii. ii. 385 The well-known Roman road..popularly styled the ‘Fishwives' Causeway’. 1860 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (ed. 2) VI. 177 The road or causeway on which Wyatt was expected to advance, ran nearly on the site of Piccadilly. b. figurative. Π 1597 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 1st 3 Bks. iii. v. 61 Much I maruailed, To see so large a Caus-way in his head. 1646 J. Hall Horæ Vacivæ 56 These are Cause-wayes of ambition as well as fame. 1649 Bp. J. Hall Humble Motion to Parl. 14 What directer caus-way could you finde to the aggrandization of your owne glory? 1672 A. Marvell Rehearsal Transpros'd i. 76 Who hath paved a broad Causway with Mortal Virtue thorow his kingdom. 3. Put for causey n. in other senses. ΘΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > street > [noun] > paved with cobbles causey1535 causeway1828 the world > the earth > land > land mass > shore or bank > embankment or dam > [noun] wharf1038 causeyc1330 wall1330 bulwark1555 scut1561 weir1599 mound1613 staithe1613 breastwork1641 embankment1786 bund1813 sheath1850 fleet-dyke1858 sheathing1867 causeway1878 flood-bank1928 stopbank1950 1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth ii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. I. 38 I..care not which side of the causeway my daughter and I walk upon, so we may keep our road in peace and quietness. 1830 J. Galt Lawrie Todd III. ix. viii. 283 A woful thing to have heard as causeway talk. 1853 C. Reade Christie Johnstone 175 She drew near enough to the wall to allow room for another on the causeway. 1878 T. H. Huxley Physiogr. (ed. 2) 170 A causeway has been erected on the beach to arrest the progress of the sea. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online September 2019). causewayv. Brit. /ˈkɔːzweɪ/, U.S. /ˈkɔzˌweɪ/, /ˈkɑzˌweɪ/ Etymology: < causeway n. 1. transitive. To pave with cobbles or pebbles. Chiefly as a (supposed) anglicizing of causey v. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > paving and road-building > pave or build roads [verb (transitive)] > pave > pave with specific material causeya1552 flag1615 causeway1744 metal1806 blind1812 macadamize1823 slab1832 flint1834 pebble1835 asphalt1872 concrete1875 cube1887 cobble1888 block1891 wood-block1908 tarmacadam1910 tarviate1926 tarmac1966 1744 S. Williams in Philos. Trans. 1740–41 (Royal Soc.) 41 468 A Circle of Two Feet Diameter..causwayed with small stones laid edgeways. 1814 W. Scott in J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott (1839) IV. 191 The streets flagged instead of being causewayed. 1847 H. Miller First Impressions Eng. xi. 194 Quartz pebbles, used in causewaying footways. 1854 H. Miller Schools & Schoolmasters (1858) xii. 267 A few loads of water-rolled pebbles for causewaying a floor. 2. To fill up, or cross, with a raised causeway. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > other means of passage or access > [verb (transitive)] > provide with a causeway causeway1702 1702 in Register Bk. Cambridge, Mass. (1896) 230 Those Barrs yt lead into ye sd Meadow on ye easterly Side where it is Caswayed with Gravel & timber. 1870 Daily News 24 Sept. They were causewaying the approaches to the timber platform with grassy sods. 1887 E. D. Morgan in Proc. Royal Geog. Soc. IX. 237 The worst parts had been roughly bridged or causewayed. Derivatives (Mostly for causeyed, -ing.) ˈcausewayed adj. also applied spec. to a type of enclosure built by neolithic settlers in southern Britain. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > [adjective] > enclosed > type of neolithic enclosure causewayed1865 society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > paving and road-building > [adjective] > paved > with specific material pebble-paved1597 flaggeda1661 pebble-paven1821 Macadamite1824 asphalted1845 cobbled1853 cobblestoned1858 causewayed1865 stoned1869 kidney-paved1889 cobbly1891 stone-flagged1904 tar-sealed1928 tarmacked1966 1865 Daily Tel. 28 Nov. 7/3 Ten miles along the causewayed track. 1934 E. C. Curwen in Antiquaries Jrnl. XIV. 99 Whitehawk Camp..is one of the eight proved neolithic camps of ‘causewayed’ type in Britain. 1960 N. Thomas Guide Prehist. Eng. 11 The earliest earthworks to survive, the causewayed camps of southern England, were the first to be built by these so-called primary neolithic peasants. Their banks and interrupted ditches afforded protection against wild animals. ˈcausewaying n. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > other means of passage or access > [noun] > causeway across water or bog > the action of causewaying1876 society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > paving and road-building > [noun] > paving > with specific material gravelling1577 causeying1596 flagging1656 pitching1702 ruderation1730 macadamization1822 macadamizing1824 asphalting1840 blinding1843 causewaying1876 bouldering1880 metalling1885 blacktopping1947 tarmacing1975 1876 D. Page Adv. Text-bk. Geol. (ed. 6) vii. 136 Their extensive use in causewaying and macadamising. 1882 R. Munro Anc. Sc. Lake Dwellings 22 What may be called a rough, loose causewaying of stones. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online September 2018). < n.c1440v.1702
随便看	the lips the litany the lither lurden the little gentleman in black velvet the little gentleman in brown velvet the little gentleman in velvet the little ice age the little man in the boat the live day long the live night long the live year long the livelong day the livelong night the loath ghost the logic of the logic of the situation the long and short the long and short of the long and short of etc the long and short of it the long and the short the long and the short of the long and the short of etc the long and the short of it the long arm of coincidence