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单词 cassock
释义

cassockn.

Brit. /ˈkasək/, U.S. /ˈkæsək/
Forms: α. 1500s–1600s cassacke, 1600s cassack, ( cass-, casaque, cosaque); β. 1500s cassoke, (1500s, 1700s–1800s cassoc), 1500s–1600s cassocke, 1500s– cassock.
Etymology: < French casaque ‘a cassocke, mandilion, long coat’, 16th cent. in Littré, (corresponding to Spanish casaca and Portuguese casaca ‘a souldiers cassocke, a frock, a horsemans coat’, Minsheu, Italian casacca ‘a frocke, a horse-mans cote, a long cote; also a habitation or dwelling’ Florio). The military use is the original; the ecclesiastical use appears to have arisen in English, in the 17th century. If the Italian is the original, and casacca ‘cassock’ the same word as casacca ‘dwelling’ (see above), then it is a derivative of casa house (as if ‘a garment that covers like a house’: compare casule n., chasuble n.); but the identification is doubtful. The Dict. de Trevoux suggests that casaque is a variant of Cosaque Cossack, from whom the military cassock might take its name. Lagarde ( Götting. Gelehrte Anzeiger, 15 Apr. 1887, 238) maintains that French casaque is a back-formation < casaquin (by incorrectly viewing the latter as a diminutive form), and that casaquin, Italian casacchino, was a corruption of Arabic kazāγand, < Persian kazhāγand, a padded jerkin, or acton, < kazh = kaj raw silk, silk floss + āγand stuffed. The word kasagân actually occurs in Middle High German as ‘riding-cloak’ (‘reitrock’ Schade), and gasygan in Old French as padded jerkin or vest’ (Godefroy), but the relation of these to casaquin and casaque has yet to be settled.
1. A cloak or long coat worn by some soldiers in 16–17th centuries; also that of a horseman or rider in the 17th centuries (‘A name given to the cloaks worn by musketeers and gardes du corps’, Littré.) Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > cloak, mantle, or cape > types of > military
manteelc1480
paludament1543
cassakin1560
cassock1574
paludamentum1598
sagum1706
1574 in J. Harland Lancashire Lieutenancy under Tudors & Stuarts (1859) II. 137 Also a Cassocke of the same motley.
1574 J. Baret Aluearie C 158 A cassocke: also a souldiers cloke. Sagum.
1609 C. Tourneur Funerall Poeme sig. D2 Braue Vere was by his Scarlet Cassock known.
a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) iv. iii. 173.
1616 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor (rev. ed.) ii. v, in Wks. I. 29 He will neuer come within.., the sight of a cassock, or a musket-rest againe. [Cf. Fr. rendre le casaque.]
a1627 H. Shirley Martyr'd Souldier (1638) ii. i. sig. C3 A Soldado Cassacke of Scarlet.
1667 Chamberlayne's Magnæ Britanniæ Notitia (1743) i. iii. iv. 173 Upon a Cloak, Coat, or Riding Cassock.
1699 Mem. E. Ludlow (1771) 384 Monk's army was..thought to deserve the fool's coat rather than the soldier's casaque.
1826 W. Scott Woodstock III. xi. 318 The coarse frieze-cassock of the private soldier.]
2. A kind of long loose coat or gown. (Fairholt.) Originally applied to garments worn by both sexes.
a. as worn by women. (Apparently not after 1600.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > cassock > for woman
cassockc1550
c1550 C. Bansley Treat. Pryde & Abuse of Women sig. A.iiv A caped Cassoc, moche lyke a players Gowne.
a1556 N. Udall Ralph Roister Doister (?1566) ii. iii. sig. C.iiijv We shall go in our frenche hoodes euery day, In our silke cassocks..freshe and gay.
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xxiv. 238 A ridiculous thing to see a Lady in her milke-house with a veluet gowne, and at a bridall in her cassock of mockado.
1590 R. Greene Neuer too Late ii. sig. I4 Her tafta Cassocke might you see Tucked vp aboue her knee.
b. as worn by men: mentioned as worn by rustics, shepherds, sailors; also by usurers, poor scholars, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > coat > types of > loose
cassakin1560
mandill1579
mandilion1582
cassock1590
mandeville1688
sack1847
happi1880
kimono coat1886
mandarin coat1911
happi-coat1927
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > cassock > for man
cassock1590
1590 R. Greene Neuer too Late ii. sig. Gv Corydon in his gray cassocke..and Menalcas..in his Shepheards cloake.
1598 R. Barnfield Combat Consc. i, in Encomion Lady Pecunia sig. D1 Clad in a Cassock, lyke a Vsurer.
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxxiv. vi. 491 [The statue] of Romulus is without any coat or cassocke at all [est sine tunica].
1604 tr. Constit. & Canons Ecclesiasticall 1603 lxxiv. sig. N2 Persons Ecclesiasticall may vse any comely and Schollerlike Apparell. Prouided, that it be not cut or pinckt, and that in publike they goe not in their Dublet and Hose, without Coats or Cassocks.
1612 T. Dekker If it be not Good sig. C2 Greater Schollers languish in beggery: And in thin thred-bare cassacks weare out their age.
1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia VI. 231 Two or three old Iron things..bound vp in a Sailers canuase Cassocke.
1628 G. Wither Britain's Remembrancer iv. 1765 Those many silken-Doctors, who did here In shining satten Cassocks late appeare.
1825 W. Scott Talisman x, in Tales Crusaders IV. 198 The cassock of chamois which he wore under his armour.]
3. A garment worn by clergymen.
a. A long close-fitting frock or tunic worn by Anglican clergymen, originally along with and under the gown; but, in recent times, also under the shortened surplice, and sometimes by ‘High-Church’ clergymen, like the soutane of Roman Catholic priests, apart from these vestments, as a kind of ecclesiastical garb. Also, sometimes worn by vergers, choristers, and others engaged in ecclesiastical functions. See quots.In this sense, which appears to date from the Restoration, it seems to be the continuation of the scholar's cassock, in sense 2; it had probably some reference to the canon of 60 years before, requiring clergymen not to appear in public ‘without coats or cassocks’ (see sense 2).
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > vestments > outer garments > [noun] > cassock or soutane
hackleeOE
pelisse1537
frock1548
sotane1652
cassock1664
soutanea1753
cassock1796
1664 T. Killigrew Parsons Wedding i. i, in Comedies & Trag. 71 So poor and despicable..he could not avow his calling, for want of a Cassock.
1666 S. Pepys Diary 27 Sept. (1972) VII. 299 I..to speak for a cloak and cassock for my brother..and I will have him in a canonical dress.
1698 J. Crull Antient & Present State Muscovy I. 79 Their upper Garments are made like Vests, or rather Cosaques, falling down to the mid-leg.
1709 J. Swift Baucis & Philemon 7 His Wastecoat to a Cassock grew, And both assum'd a Sable Hue.
1710–20 C. Wheatley Illustr. Bk. Common Prayer (1720) 110 Made fit and close to the Body like a Cassock.
1727 D. Defoe Ess. Hist. Apparitions iii. 24 If the Devil should put on the Gown and Cassock, or the black Cloak, or the Coat and the Cord.
1728 A. Pope Dunciad ii. 312 Gave him the cassock, surcingle, and vest.
1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Cassock, a close garment; now, generally, that which clergymen wear under their gowns.
1807 G. Crabbe Parish Reg. iii, in Poems 129 He knew no better than his Cassock, which.
1849 D. Rock Church our Fathers II. vi. §9 The old English cassock differed in its shape very little, if anything, from the same kind of robe still worn by the Catholic priesthood.
1854 W. F. Hook Church Dict. Cassock..the under dress of all orders of the clergy: it resembles a long coat, with a single upright collar.
1866 J. Purchas & F. G. Lee Directorium Anglicanum (ed. 3) 352 Cassock, the garment worn by ecclesiastics under their official vestments: usually black, and for Bishops purple.
1866 C. Walker Ritual Reason Why 35 The Cassock is a long coat buttoning over the breast, and reaching to the feet. It is confined at the waist by a broad sash called the cincture. The collar is made to fasten right round the throat.
1870 B. Disraeli Lothair (new ed.) v. 13 One or two curates in cassocks.
b. Used to render French soutane, Latin subtaneum, the ‘frock’ of a Roman Catholic ecclesiastic.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > vestments > outer garments > [noun] > cassock or soutane
hackleeOE
pelisse1537
frock1548
sotane1652
cassock1664
soutanea1753
cassock1796
1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) III. 136 A tall man dressed in a blue cassock..an ecclesiastical missionary of the island.
1824 R. Heber Jrnl. 5 Feb. in Narr. Journey Upper Provinces India (1828) I. iii. 60 A tall stout ecclesiastic with..a long black cassoc.
1859 J. M. Jephson & L. Reeve Narr. Walking Tour Brittany vi. 69 A short stout man..dressed in cassock, bands, and cocked hat.
c. A short, light, double-breasted coat or jacket, usually of black silk, varying in length, but generally reaching down to the thighs, worn under the Geneva gown by presbyterian and other ministers.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > vestments > outer garments > [noun] > coat
jump1653
jump-coat1660
cassocka1888
a1888 Scotch Newspaper. He has been presented by the ladies of his congregation with a pulpit gown and cassock.
4.
a. As a mark of the clerical office, esp. that of a clergyman of the Church of England.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > [noun] > office of
clergyc1440
clerkhoodc1449
clerkship?1488
ministration1550
ministry1560
clergyship1620
clericality1660
cassock1687
churchmanship1690
the cloth1709
clericature1725
clericate1869
1687 J. Dryden Hind & Panther iii. 86 And quit the Cassock for the Canting-coat.
1769 W. Robertson Hist. Charles V II. vi. 468 During war he laid aside the cassock.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 217 The scarf and cassock could hardly appear there without calling forth sneers.
b. A wearer of a cassock; esp. a clergyman.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > [noun]
God's maneOE
priestOE
clerkc1050
secularc1290
vicary1303
minister1340
divinec1380
man of Godc1384
kirkmana1400
man of the churchc1400
cockc1405
Ecclesiastc1405
spiritual1441
ministrator1450
abbé1530
reverend1547
churchman1549
tippet-captain?1550
tippet knight1551
tippet man1551
public minister1564
reading minister1572
clergyman1577
clerk1577
padre1584
minstrel1586
spiritual1600
cleric1623
cassock1628
Levite1640
gownsman1641
teaching elder1642
ecclesiastic1651
religionist1651
crape1682
crape-gown-man1682
man in black1692
soul driver1699
secularist1716
autem jet1737
liturge1737
officiant1740
snub-devil1785
soul doctor1785
officiator1801
umfundisi1825
crape-man1826
clerical1837
God-man1842
Pfarrer1844
liturgist1848
white-choker1851
rook1859
shovel hat1859
sky pilot1865
ecclesiastical1883
joss-pidgin-man1886
josser1887
sin-shiftera1912
sin-buster1931
parch1944
1628 J. Earle Micro-cosmogr. l. sig. I6v A vulgar-spirited Man..One that thinkes the grauest Cassocke the best Scholler.
a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Richard II cccxliii, in Poems (1878) III. 222 But the Gray Cassock makes a double noyse.
1859 W. M. Thackeray Virginians v [He] had a suspicion of all cassocks, and said he would never have any controversy with a clergyman but upon backgammon.
5. attributive.
ΚΠ
1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1317/1 Yeomen..apparelled in cassocke coats, and venetian hose of crimson veluet.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

cassockv.

Etymology: < cassock n. 3.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈcassock.
To dress in a cassock.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > vestments > outer garments > [verb (transitive)] > dress in a cassock
cassock1883
1883 Church Times 855/3 The occasion was taken advantage of to cassock and surplice the choir.

Derivatives

cassocked adj. /ˈkæsəkt/
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > vestments > outer garments > [adjective] > dressed in a cassock
cassocked1780
1780 W. Cowper Progress of Error 111 A cassocked huntsman, and a fiddling priest.
1853 M. Arnold Neckan xii A cassock'd priest rode by.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online June 2019).
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n.c1550v.1780
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