carkn.
/kɑːk/ Obsolete or archaic.† 1. (?) A load; a weight of 3 or 4 cwt. Obsolete.† 2. Charge, burden of responsibility. Obsolete.† 4. Care, heed, pains. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > [noun] > unit or denomination of weight > load as unit of weight
load1384
cark1473
carga1622
a1300 Riley Lib. Alb. (1859) 223 De Scawinga, Qe toutz les avers des queux serra prys custume par karke, doit le karke poysera iiii centaines..kark du grein iii centaines.]
1473 Acta Audit. 31 (Jam.) Ii tun of wad, a cark of alum, a pok of madyr.
c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. xxxv/1 Karke of Peper..kark of gynger.
c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. xxxv/1 The kark therof shal wey iij. C.
c1550 J. Balfour Practicks (1754) 87 (Jam.) For ane hundreth carkes of kelles at the entrie ij, at the furthcoming ii.
1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. M1 Carke, seemeth to be a quantitie of wolle, whereof thirtie make a Sarpler. anno. 27. H. 6. ca. 2. See Sarpler. [Some error—the word there is sackes.] Hence in Termes de la Ley.
1656 T. Blount Glossographia Cark, is a quantity of wool, whereof 30 make a Sarplar. Hence in Phillips, Bailey, etc.]
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > delegated authority > [noun] > a commission given to anyone
carkc1330
charge1393
commissionc1450
charche1534
credit1537
commandment1592
missure1615
assignmentc1848
commish1856
c1330 Arth. & Merl. 3952 This ich seuen saunfail, The cark hadde of the batayl.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 20790 He wil noght tak þe cark [Fairf. charge] on him.
c1400 Gamelyn 760 I see that al the cark schal fallen on myn heed.
1588 G. Babington Profitable Expos. Lords Prayer iv. 299 Them that haue any great carke vpon their hands.
3. That which burdens the spirit, trouble; hence, troubled state of mind, distress, anxiety; anxious solicitude, labour, or toil. (In later use generally coupled with care.) archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > [noun] > labour or toil
workeOE
i-swincheOE
swenchOE
swote971
swingc1000
swinkOE
swinkinga1225
travailc1275
cark1330
sweatc1380
the sweat of (one's) brow (brows), facec1380
laboura1382
swengc1400
labouragec1470
toil1495
laborationa1500
tug1504
urea1510
carp1548
turmoil1569
moil1612
praelabour1663
fatigue1669
insudation1669
till?a1800
Kaffir work1848
graft1853
workfulness1854
collar-work1871
yakka1888
swot1899
heavy lifting1934
the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > worry > anxiety > [noun]
mourningeOE
businessOE
busyOE
carefulnessa1000
carec1000
howc1000
embeþonkc1200
thought?c1250
cark1330
curea1340
exercisec1386
solicitude?a1412
pensienessc1450
anxietya1475
fear1490
thought-taking1508
pensement1516
carp1548
caring1556
hoe1567
thoughtfulness1569
carking1583
caretaking1625
anxiousness1636
solicitousness1636
concern1692
solicitation1693
anxietude1709
twitchiness1834
uptightness1969
1330 R. Mannyng Chron. 135 He quath..fiue thousand to þe hospitale, for þei were in karke.
c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 265 He knew vche a cace [? care] and kark þat hym lymped.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 4 Fayre formez myȝt he fynde in for[þ]ering his speche & in þe contrare, kark & combraunce huge.
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 377 This seid cark and caring and attendaunce..is miche more in a man for that that he hath wijf and children.
1542 A. Borde Compend. Regyment Helth v. sig. C.iiiv Euer in carcke and care, for his purse wyll euer be bare.
1567 T. Drant tr. Horace Pistles in tr. Horace Arte of Poetrie sig. Hiij Mongst so much toyle, and such a coyle, Suche soking carke, and spyte.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. i. sig. B Downe did lay His heauie head, deuoide of careful carke.
1629 P. Massinger Roman Actor ii. i. sig. E2v What then followes al your carke, and caring.
1639 H. Ainsworth Annot. Five Bks. Moses, Bk. Psalmes & Song of Songs Psalm x. 3 He woundeth himselfe with his greedy carke.
1841–6 H. W. Longfellow Nuremberg xxii The swart mechanic comes to drown his cark and care.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > care, carefulness, or attention > [noun] > care or pains
teenc1380
painsc1480
cark1482
1482 Monk of Evesham 78 The gret carke that they had of her riches..and imoderate carke of her kynnefolke.
1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. Phil. iii. f. vii I haue with muche carke and care oftentymes warned you.
1576 J. Woolton Christian Man. sig. F.iiiv The carke and care with Gods spirit..taketh that Justice may ouercome.
1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. i. xxiv. 61 The carke and care men tooke about good husbandry.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2020).
carkv.1
/kɑːk/ Obsolete or archaic.† 1. transitive. To load, burden; also, to charge or impose as a charge upon. Obsolete.† 4. In weakened sense (cf. care v.): To take thought or care, busy oneself. Obsolete.† 5. ? (Morris explains ‘to produce’.) Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > impose
setc888
layOE
to lay on11..
enjoin?c1225
join1303
adjoina1325
cark1330
taxa1375
puta1382
impose1581
aggravate1583
fasten1585
clap1609
levy1863
octroy1865
the world > space > place > presence > fact of taking up space > take up (space or a place) [verb (transitive)] > fill > to excess
overfillOE
overchargea1325
cark1330
overfulfila1450
glut1471
overheap1549
accloy1581
overglut1586
superonerate1607
obsaturate1623
overstuff1715
the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > types or manners of hindrance > hinder in specific manner [verb (transitive)] > encumber > burden
charka1300
chargec1308
cark1330
liea1400
labour1437
onerate1453
endossa1500
onera1500
laden1514
load1526
aggravate1530
lay1530
honorate1533
ladea1538
burden1541
ballast1566
loaden1568
degravate1574
aburden1620
pregravate1654
comble1672
1330 R. Mannyng Chron. 110 Anoþer oth..þe clergie did him karke.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 138 Þe ilke..þet naȝt ne heþ bote þane nhicke y-carked mid zenne dyadlich.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 142 Þe milde herten y-carked mid þornes of ssarpnesse of penonce.
1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. iv. 472 Shal noþer kyng ne knyȝt..Ouer-cark þe comune.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 23002 Þai sal haue na might vp to win, Sua heui carked of þair sin.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 8253 It was sua karkid [Fairf. karked, Vesp. cherged, Trin. Cambr. charged], ilka bow, wid lef, and flour, and fruit, enow.
2. To burden with care, burden as care does; to worry, harass, vex, trouble. (Mostly in past participle) Obsolete or archaic; but see carking adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > worry > anxiety > be anxious about [verb (transitive)] > make anxious
carkc1330
vex?a1425
solicita1450
embusy1485
to lie heavy at or to one's hearta1616
to weird out1970
to stress out1983
c1330 Arth. & Merl. 4464 The king Cradelman Was soure carked and alle his man.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 24233 Þou cark þe noght sa fast wit car.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 23994 Bot carked [Vesp. charked, Fairf. carkid] sua i was wid care.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5654 Þan þai ware Carked [Trin. Cambr. fillud] in þat land [sc. Egypt] wit care.
1830 Ld. Tennyson Dirge ii, in Poems 105 Thee nor carketh care nor slander.
3. intransitive. To be anxious, be full of anxious thought, fret oneself; to labour anxiously, to toil and moil. Obsolete or archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > exert oneself or make an effort [verb (intransitive)] > toil
sweatc897
swingc1000
swinkOE
travailc1275
carka1350
tavec1350
to-swinkc1386
labourc1390
byswenke?a1400
tevelc1400
toilc1400
pingle1511
carp1522
moilc1529
turmoil1548
mucker1566
tug1619
tuggle1650
fatigue1695
hammer1755
fag1772
bullock1888
slog1888
to sweat one's guts out1890
schlep1937
slug1943
the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > worry > anxiety > be anxious [verb (intransitive)]
mournOE
careOE
howOE
carka1350
to take thoughta1470
carp1522
sussy1570
ho1787
moil1889
to stress out1983
stress1988
a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 50 For hire loue y carke ant care.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 476 I carke, I care, I take thought, Je chagrine.
?1567 M. Parker Whole Psalter xxxvi. 95 How he careth and carkth for his lytheir gayne.
1580 T. Tusser Fiue Hundred Pointes Good Husbandrie (new ed.) f. 86 To carke [1573 carp] and care, and euer bare..what life it is.
1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xix. x. 136 Constantius..sat carking [L. curantem] and musing upon the matter.
1649 W. Blith Eng. Improver xii. 69 He need neither Moyle nor Carke as he did before.
a1677 I. Barrow Serm. Several Occasions (1678) 220 A Covetous man..carking about his bags.
1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. ii. xx. 128 Old Bubalion in the City is carking, and starving, and cheating, that his Son may drink and game, keep Mistresses.
1848 C. Kingsley Alton Locke 9 Why for sluggards cark and moil?
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > care, carefulness, or attention > care or heed [verb (intransitive)] > take care
keep1382
curec1384
carkc1390
carea1593
to have a care1598
keep a care1598
c1390 (?c1350) Joseph of Arimathie (1871) l. 30 Þei carke for here herbarwe.
c1420 Pallad. on Husb. iv. 701 For boles eke now tyme is forto kark.
1602 2nd Pt. Returne from Pernassus (Arb.) iii. v. 47 Our doting sires, Carked and cared to haue vs lettered.
1603 H. Chettle Englandes Mourning Garment sig. D4 To carke for sheepe and lambs that cannot tend themselues.
ΚΠ
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 230 A donghel þet ne carkeþ..bote þornes and netlen.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
carkv.2
/kɑːk/, U.S. /kɑrk/, Australian English /kʌːk/ slang (originally and chiefly Australian).
1. intransitive. To die.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > [verb (intransitive)]
forsweltc888
sweltc888
adeadeOE
deadc950
wendeOE
i-wite971
starveOE
witea1000
forfereOE
forthfareOE
forworthc1000
to go (also depart , pass, i-wite, chare) out of this worldOE
queleOE
fallOE
to take (also nim, underfo) (the) deathOE
to shed (one's own) blood?a1100
diec1135
endc1175
farec1175
to give up the ghostc1175
letc1200
aswelta1250
leavea1250
to-sweltc1275
to-worthc1275
to yield (up) the ghost (soul, breath, life, spirit)c1290
finea1300
spilla1300
part?1316
to leese one's life-daysa1325
to nim the way of deathc1325
to tine, leave, lose the sweatc1330
flit1340
trance1340
determinec1374
disperisha1382
to go the way of all the eartha1382
to be gathered to one's fathers1382
miscarryc1387
shut1390
goa1393
to die upa1400
expirea1400
fleea1400
to pass awaya1400
to seek out of lifea1400–50
to sye hethena1400
tinea1400
trespass14..
espirec1430
to end one's days?a1439
decease1439
to go away?a1450
ungoc1450
unlivec1450
to change one's lifea1470
vade1495
depart1501
to pay one's debt to (also the debt of) naturea1513
to decease this world1515
to go over?1520
jet1530
vade1530
to go westa1532
to pick over the perch1532
galpa1535
to die the death1535
to depart to God1548
to go home1561
mort1568
inlaikc1575
shuffle1576
finish1578
to hop (also tip, pitch over, drop off, etc.) the perch1587
relent1587
unbreathe1589
transpass1592
to lose one's breath1596
to make a die (of it)1611
to go offa1616
fail1623
to go out1635
to peak over the percha1641
exita1652
drop1654
to knock offa1657
to kick upa1658
to pay nature her due1657
ghost1666
to march off1693
to die off1697
pike1697
to drop off1699
tip (over) the perch1699
to pass (also go, be called, etc.) to one's reward1703
sink1718
vent1718
to launch into eternity1719
to join the majority1721
demise1727
to pack off1735
to slip one's cable1751
turf1763
to move off1764
to pop off the hooks1764
to hop off1797
to pass on1805
to go to glory1814
sough1816
to hand in one's accounts1817
to slip one's breatha1819
croak1819
to slip one's wind1819
stiffen1820
weed1824
buy1825
to drop short1826
to fall (a) prey (also victim, sacrifice) to1839
to get one's (also the) call1839
to drop (etc.) off the hooks1840
to unreeve one's lifeline1840
to step out1844
to cash, pass or send in one's checks1845
to hand in one's checks1845
to go off the handle1848
to go under1848
succumb1849
to turn one's toes up1851
to peg out1852
walk1858
snuff1864
to go or be up the flume1865
to pass outc1867
to cash in one's chips1870
to go (also pass over) to the majority1883
to cash in1884
to cop it1884
snuff1885
to belly up1886
perch1886
to kick the bucket1889
off1890
to knock over1892
to pass over1897
to stop one1901
to pass in1904
to hand in one's marble1911
the silver cord is loosed1911
pip1913
to cross over1915
conk1917
to check out1921
to kick off1921
to pack up1925
to step off1926
to take the ferry1928
peg1931
to meet one's Maker1933
to kiss off1935
to crease it1959
zonk1968
cark1977
to cark it1979
to take a dirt nap1981
1977 R. Beilby Gunner 302 That wog ya roughed up—well, he carked.
1980 R. Davidson Tracks 105 A need to lay a ghost..before it was too late (i.e. before I karked in the desert).
1984 Sydney Morning Herald 17 Mar. 37/8 The tradition that we thought would die hard has carked completely.
2. transitive. to cark it: to die. (Now the more common use.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > [verb (intransitive)]
forsweltc888
sweltc888
adeadeOE
deadc950
wendeOE
i-wite971
starveOE
witea1000
forfereOE
forthfareOE
forworthc1000
to go (also depart , pass, i-wite, chare) out of this worldOE
queleOE
fallOE
to take (also nim, underfo) (the) deathOE
to shed (one's own) blood?a1100
diec1135
endc1175
farec1175
to give up the ghostc1175
letc1200
aswelta1250
leavea1250
to-sweltc1275
to-worthc1275
to yield (up) the ghost (soul, breath, life, spirit)c1290
finea1300
spilla1300
part?1316
to leese one's life-daysa1325
to nim the way of deathc1325
to tine, leave, lose the sweatc1330
flit1340
trance1340
determinec1374
disperisha1382
to go the way of all the eartha1382
to be gathered to one's fathers1382
miscarryc1387
shut1390
goa1393
to die upa1400
expirea1400
fleea1400
to pass awaya1400
to seek out of lifea1400–50
to sye hethena1400
tinea1400
trespass14..
espirec1430
to end one's days?a1439
decease1439
to go away?a1450
ungoc1450
unlivec1450
to change one's lifea1470
vade1495
depart1501
to pay one's debt to (also the debt of) naturea1513
to decease this world1515
to go over?1520
jet1530
vade1530
to go westa1532
to pick over the perch1532
galpa1535
to die the death1535
to depart to God1548
to go home1561
mort1568
inlaikc1575
shuffle1576
finish1578
to hop (also tip, pitch over, drop off, etc.) the perch1587
relent1587
unbreathe1589
transpass1592
to lose one's breath1596
to make a die (of it)1611
to go offa1616
fail1623
to go out1635
to peak over the percha1641
exita1652
drop1654
to knock offa1657
to kick upa1658
to pay nature her due1657
ghost1666
to march off1693
to die off1697
pike1697
to drop off1699
tip (over) the perch1699
to pass (also go, be called, etc.) to one's reward1703
sink1718
vent1718
to launch into eternity1719
to join the majority1721
demise1727
to pack off1735
to slip one's cable1751
turf1763
to move off1764
to pop off the hooks1764
to hop off1797
to pass on1805
to go to glory1814
sough1816
to hand in one's accounts1817
to slip one's breatha1819
croak1819
to slip one's wind1819
stiffen1820
weed1824
buy1825
to drop short1826
to fall (a) prey (also victim, sacrifice) to1839
to get one's (also the) call1839
to drop (etc.) off the hooks1840
to unreeve one's lifeline1840
to step out1844
to cash, pass or send in one's checks1845
to hand in one's checks1845
to go off the handle1848
to go under1848
succumb1849
to turn one's toes up1851
to peg out1852
walk1858
snuff1864
to go or be up the flume1865
to pass outc1867
to cash in one's chips1870
to go (also pass over) to the majority1883
to cash in1884
to cop it1884
snuff1885
to belly up1886
perch1886
to kick the bucket1889
off1890
to knock over1892
to pass over1897
to stop one1901
to pass in1904
to hand in one's marble1911
the silver cord is loosed1911
pip1913
to cross over1915
conk1917
to check out1921
to kick off1921
to pack up1925
to step off1926
to take the ferry1928
peg1931
to meet one's Maker1933
to kiss off1935
to crease it1959
zonk1968
cark1977
to cark it1979
to take a dirt nap1981
1979 Woroni (Canberra) 1 Mar. 13/1 People have been known to kark it waiting for an ambulance stationed next door so it is a good idea to use public transport.
1982 N. Keesing Lily on Dustbin 50 A ‘stiff dunny’ is dead or, in other words ‘has carked it’.
1991 Sunday Mail (Brisbane) 3 Nov. 4/4 He turns nasty and binds her, then locks her in a shed and leaves a gas-powered lawn mower running. Will she cark it from the carbon monoxide fumes?
2001 Sunday Herald (Glasgow) 13 May (Directory) 13/3 A young squire is put out of a job when his knight carks it.
This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.c1330v.11330v.21977