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单词 careful
释义

carefuladj.

Brit. /ˈkɛːf(ᵿ)l/, U.S. /ˈkɛrf(ə)l/
Forms: Old English carfull, cearful, Middle English karefull, carful, 1500s Scottish cairfull, Middle English– careful, Middle English–1600s carefull.
Etymology: Old English carful, cearful, < caru care + -ful suffix.
1. Full of grief; mournful, sorrowful; also (of cries, etc.), expressing sorrow. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > [adjective]
sorelyc888
gramec893
sorrowfuleOE
unblithec897
sorryeOE
carefulOE
charyOE
sickOE
yomerOE
sorry-moodOE
sweerc1000
yomerlyOE
sorrilyOE
woea1200
balec1220
sorry?c1225
sorec1275
sorec1275
gremefula1300
sada1300
ruthlyc1300
thoughtfulc1300
woebegonea1325
heavyc1330
grievousc1374
woefula1375
sorrowya1382
dereful?a1400
sorousa1400
sytefula1400
teenfula1400
wrotha1400
balefulc1400
tristy?c1400
tristc1420
dolefulc1430
wapped in woec1440
yhevidc1440
dolenta1450
condolentc1460
discomforted1477
tristfula1492
sorrow1496
dram?a1513
dolorous1513
earnful?1527
troublous1535
amort1546
mournfula1558
passioned1560
sadded1566
tristive1578
distressed1586
passionate1586
sorrowed1596
distressful1601
passionful1605
sighful1606
contristed1625
anguishinga1642
sadful1658
saddened1665
tristitious1694
sick as a parrot1705
pangful1727
woesome1778
grieving1807
ruesome1833
yearned1838
doleant1861
mournsome1869
thoughted1869
tragical1887
grief-stricken1905
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > [adjective]
carefulOE
charyOE
mourningOE
sorrowingOE
sorryOE
balec1220
heavy?c1225
ruefulc1225
ruthfulc1225
sorrowful?c1225
dolefulc1275
plaintivea1393
complainingc1430
lamentable?a1475
plaining?c1475
dolent1490
lamentatious1532
troublous1535
plaintfula1542
dirge-like1561
yearnfula1566
waymenting1573
mestive1575
lamentatory1576
mestful1577
wailful1579
lamentinga1586
weepy1602
deplorative1610
deploringa1616
gement1656
condolent1691
dirgeful1793
dirgy1830
lamentful1876
OE Soul & Body I 15 Cleopað þonne swa cearful cealdan reorde, spreceð grimlice se gast to þam duste.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 8364 Duden of claðes kare-fulle cnihtes.
c1394 P. Pl. Crede 441 Þey crieden alle o cry a carefull note.
1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur (1816) I. 161 A careful widow wringing her hands and making great sorrow.
?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 52 My clokis thai ar caerfull in colour of sabill.
1592 S. Daniel Complaint Rosamond Her Tears upon her Cheeks (poor careful Girl!).
1599 E. Ford Parismenos v. sig. E2v To..ease her carefull heart.
2. Full of care, trouble, anxiety, or concern; anxious, troubled, solicitous, concerned. archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > worry > anxiety > [adjective]
busyOE
howful970
carefulOE
angerful?c1225
yemelichc1275
thoughtfulc1300
anguishousc1325
curiousc1400
carkfulc1449
solicitate?a1475
solicit?1526
fearful1535
anxious1548
carking1567
solicitous1570
solicitudinousa1682
thoughted1869
uptight1934
OE Guthlac A 577 Cwædon cearfulle, Criste laðe, to Guðlace mid grimnysse.
a1300 Cursor Mundi 23116 Þaa care-ful eth sal be to kene.
c1400 Rowland & Ot. 1066 He crakkede full many a carefull croun.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Tobit v. 12 That I make the not carefull, I am Azarias.
1582 Bible (Rheims) Matt. vi. 34 Be not careful therefore for the morrovv.
1606 J. Marston Parasitaster iii, in Wks. (1856) 63 Necessarie as sleepe To carefull man.
1714 R. Steele Arriv. Ulysses The King arose, and beat his careful Breast.
1814 Ld. Byron Lara i. xx, 393 It is a sight the careful brow might smoothe.
3. Full of care or concern for, attentive to the interests of, taking good care of.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > care, carefulness, or attention > [adjective]
busyOE
carefula1000
orne?c1225
intentivec1290
soignous1340
curiousc1386
diligentc1400
well-advisedc1405
thoughtfulc1450
thoughtyc1480
keepful1489
tentfula1525
respective1525
solicit?1526
heedful1548
heedy1548
tentyc1555
chare1564
respectful1585
tentible1603
solicitous1610
observant1627
care-taking1825
leery1911
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > care, protection, or charge > [adjective]
carefula1000
shepherdly1546
chary1579
regardant1581
protectingc1595
protective1653
caring1966
a1000 Lambeth Psalter xxxix. 18 Drihten carful oððe ymhydig is mines.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) 2 Macc. xv. 19 They that were in the cite, were most carefull for those which were to fight.
1553 J. Bale Vocacyon in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) I. 357 A woman..which was to me a carefull creature.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) i. i. 78 My wife, more carefull for the latter borne. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Richard III (1623) ii. ii. 88 + 8 Bethinke you like a carefull Mother Of the young Prince your sonne.
1744 A. Pope Epist. to Several Persons iii. 41 Then careful Heav'n supply'd two sorts of Men.
1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc viii. 47 She..stretch'd forth her careful hands To ease the burthen.
1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin I. vi. 73 Be careful of the horses, Sam..don't ride them too fast.
4.
a. Applying care, solicitous attention, or pains to what one has to do; heedful, painstaking, attentive to one's work; circumspect, watchful, cautious.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > attention > [adjective]
carefulc1050
soignous1340
mindfula1382
tentivec1386
presentc1395
attendant1432
tendable?c1450
advicefulc1454
thoughtyc1480
neara1500
respective1525
heedful1548
heedy1548
prick-eared?1550
attendable1552
attentive1577
tentible1603
observative1609
unpreoccupied1643
advertent1646
presential1652
inspectivea1684
tent1789
attentful-
c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 172 Curiosus, carful.
1583 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Serm. on Deuteronomie xxii. 129 That they should be the earnester and carefuller in teaching their children.
1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus iv. iii. 21 Goe get you gone, and pray be carefull all, And leaue you not a man of warre vnsearcht.
1640 Bp. J. Hall Episcopacie i. vii. 29 The carefullest Ambassador may perhaps swerve from his message.
1845 Graves in Encycl. Metrop. (1847) II. 752/1 Dionysius of Halicarnassus, a careful and learned antiquary.
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. §22. 155 I felt just sufficient fear to render me careful.
1878 J. Morley Crit. Misc. 192 None the less careful, minute, patient, systematic, in examining a policy.
b. Const. to do a thing, that a thing be done, or with relative clause.
ΚΠ
1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 59 The mayster would bee more carefull what he did teach.
1622 A. Sparrow Rationale Bk. Common Prayer (1661) 40 Careful to maintain the ancient usage.
1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. iii. 44 Be very careful that the Spindle stand exactly perpendicular.
1771 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) II. xlviii. 181 He was careful not to assume any of those powers.
1820 Hoyle's Games Improved 431 Be careful that they are neither thrown about nor changed.
1832 W. Macgillivray Trav. & Researches A. von Humboldt xx. 290 Both males and females are careful to ornament their persons with paint.
5. Applying care to avoid; on one's guard against, cautious, wary. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > care, carefulness, or attention > caution > [adjective]
warelyOE
warec1000
adviseda1325
averty1330
aware1340
ferdfula1382
well-advisedc1405
circumspect1430
hooly1513
fearful1526
curiousa1533
chary1542
wareful1548
cautelous1574
cauty1579
careful1580
wary1580
retentive1599
wary1599
ginger1600
circumstant1603
cautel1606
shya1616
cautionate1616
warisome1628
cautiousa1640
circumspectious1649
circumspectivea1674
gingerish1764
safe1874
pussy-footed1893
pussyfooting1926
risk-averse1961
risk-adverse1969
1580 J. Lyly Euphues (Arb.) 446 Not disdainefull to conferre, but careful to offende.
1666 W. Spurstowe Spiritual Chymist (1668) 217 Be more careful of doing anything to lose your Peace.
1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 118. ⁋2 Orestilla is..particularly careful of new Acquaintance.
1728 R. Morris Ess. Anc. Archit. 91 Ever careful of acting so indiscreetly.
6. Causing trouble or fear, dreadful. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > [adjective]
doubtousa1300
frightya1325
adoubtedc1330
carefulc1340
fearful1340
redoubted1385
doubtful1397
ydouted1399
redoubt1417
redoubtable1421
doubtablec1430
ferdly1440
doubtedc1485
formidable1508
flaited1565
aghasting1593
feared1599
flesh-amazing1679
frightsomea1689
effroyable1689
frightening1715
fearsome1768
fleysome1790
intimidatinga1812
fearable1886
scarifying1916
badass1955
bad-assed1962
superbad1970
c1340–70 Alex. & Dind. 158 Careful cocodrillus..þe king lette.
1508 W. Dunbar Goldyn Targe (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems (1998) I. 191 So carefull was the crak.
1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour l. 5747 in Wks. (1931) I Herode..With mony vther cairfull Kyng.
1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Dec. 133 The carefull cold hath nypt my rugged rynde.
7.
a. Of things: Fraught or attended with sorrow, trouble, or anxiety. Obsolete or archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > [adjective]
eileOE
soreOE
balefulc1200
carefulc1200
aching?c1225
pinefulc1225
sughendc1230
pininga1250
stinginga1250
toughc1275
deringa1325
unsetec1325
unwinc1330
throlya1375
encumbrousc1384
grievable1390
painful1395
plaintfula1400
sweamlya1400
swemandc1400
temptingc1400
importunea1425
sweamfulc1430
penible?a1439
discomfortingc1450
grievingc1450
remordingc1450
sorousc1503
badc1530
paining1532
raw1548
nippingc1550
smartful1556
pinching1563
grievesome1568
griping1568
afflictive1576
pressing1591
boisterous1599
heartstruck1608
carkingc1620
gravaminous1659
vellicating1669
weary1785
traumatizing1970
gut-wrenching1972
the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > worry > anxiety > [adjective] > causing or fraught with anxiety
carefulc1200
anxious?1555
anxiogenic1956
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 171 On þe careful dai þan he cumeð al middeneard to demen.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 3632 Ar þat he deied in car-ful bedd.
1413 J. Lydgate Pilgr. of Sowle (1859) ii. xliv. 50 Alas! the careful bhvtyme that euer we were conceyued.
1577 H. I. tr. H. Bullinger 50 Godlie Serm. II. iv. iii. sig. Ddd.viijv/2 He casteth him..into a carefull and miserable exile.
1634 J. Ford Chron. Hist. Perkin Warbeck iii. sig. F3 Pathes which leade..to a carefull throne.
1814 R. Southey Roderick xv He upon his careful couch.
b. Showing care, done or performed with care.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > care, carefulness, or attention > [adjective] > characterized by or executed with care
solicitate?a1475
solicit1513
respective1560
solicitous1563
accurate1581
careful1651
solicitudinous1829
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xxxii. 198 By wise..interpretation, and carefull ratiocination.
1757 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. III. 82 After a careful survey of this place.
1847 Bewick's Hist. Brit. Birds (new ed.) I. 59 A careful examination of the specimen.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 617 Careful watch was kept all night.
1883 ‘G. Lloyd’ Ebb & Flow I. 32 His drawing was careful.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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adj.OE
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