cardoonn.

Brit.

/kɑːˈduːn/, U.S.

/kɑrˈdun/

Forms:

α. Middle English cardoun, 1600s cardôn, 1600s–1700s cardon, 1600s– cardoon, 1700s cardonne.

β. 1600s–1800s chardon, 1700s chardoon.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French cardon.

Etymology: Partly (i) < Anglo-Norman cardoun, Anglo-Norman and Old French (northern), Middle French, French cardon, Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French, French chardon thistle (c1100), teasel (14th cent. in Anglo-Norman) < post-classical Latin cardon- , cardo great thistle, teasel, cardoon (see below). Partly (ii) < Middle French, French cardon edible plant similar to an artichoke (mid 16th cent.) < Old Occitan cardon thistle, wild artichoke (2nd half of the 13th cent.) < post-classical Latin cardon- , cardo great thistle, teasel, cardoon (5th cent.) < classical Latin cardus , carduus thistle, cardoon, or artichoke (see carduus n.) + -ōn- , -ō (see -oon suffix).In modern French the edible plant is normally distinguished as cardon , and various types of thistle as chardon , although the latter word may also be applied more widely to other members of the family Asteraceae (including the cardoon). Compare Italian cardone , the name of various spiky plants (13th cent.), and further forms in the Romance languages cited at carduus n.

†1. A thistle. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Compositae (composite plants) > [noun] > thistles

thistlec725

carduea1398

wolf's-thistlea1400

cardoona1425

wolf-thistle1526

cotton-thistle1548

gum-thistle1548

oat thistle1548

black chameleon1551

ixia1551

Saint Mary thistle1552

milk thistle1562

cow-thistle1565

bedeguar1578

carline1578

silver thistle1578

white chameleon1578

globe thistle1582

ball thistle1597

down thistle1597

friar's crown1597

lady's thistle1597

gummy thistle1598

man's blood1601

musk thistle1633

melancholy thistle1653

Scotch thistle1660

boar-thistle1714

spear- thistle1753

gentle thistle1760

woolly thistle1760

wool-thistle1769

bur-thistlea1796

Canada thistle1796

pine thistle1807

plume thistle1814

melancholy plume thistle1825

woolly-headed thistle1843

dog thistle1845

dwarf thistle1846

welted thistle1846

pixie glove1858

Mexican thistle1866

Syrian thistle1866

bull thistle1878

fish belly1878

fish-bone-thistle1882

green thistle1882

herringbone thistle1884

Californian thistle1891

winged thistle1915

fish-thistles-

a1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 645/23 Hic cardo, cardoun.

2. A herbaceous plant closely related to the artichoke, Cynara cardunculus (family Asteraceae), native to southern Europe, which is cultivated for the fleshy midribs of its leaves, which are cooked and eaten as a vegetable. Also: a midrib of this plant (or, in early use, of an artichoke plant) prepared for cooking or eating.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > stalk vegetables > [noun] > artichokes

artichoke1531

cardoon1594

cactus1607

globe artichoke1763

Chinese artichoke1891

Japanese artichoke1902

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > stalk vegetables > artichokes

artichoke1531

ground-thistle1591

cardoon1594

cactus1607

sherdoon1661

Spanish cardon1699

globe artichoke1763

Chinese artichoke1891

Japanese artichoke1902

1594 Orchard & Garden 28 Cardons and Artochokes must be sowne in April or March, when the moone is old.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Means,..spaces left for Cardoons betweene rowes of Onyons.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Cardons, Cardoones; the stalkes of Artichokes, or of the white thistle, buried in the ground, or otherwise vsed, to get them a whitenesse (excellent meat).

1640 J. Parkinson Theatrum Botanicum 974 The Cretanes use their wilde Artichoke in the same manner that the Italians, Spaniards and French use their Cardui or Chardons.

1668 J. Evelyn Let. 21 Aug. in Letterbks. (2014) I. 460 I thinke I was the first that ever planted Spanish Cardôns in our Country for any Culinarie use, as your Excellency has taught the blanching.

1723 J. Nott Cook's & Confectioner's Dict. sig. E^v Sometimes it is serv'd up with a Ragoo of Cardoons.

1798 C. Marshall Introd. Knowl. & Pract. Gardening (ed. 2) xx. 400 Blanch..endive, beet, and chardons by tying up.

1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. vi. 138 Botanists are now generally agreed that the cardoon and the artichoke are varieties of one plant.

1882 Mrs. H. Reeve Cookery & Housek. xxv. 325 Cardoons, this excellent vegetable is little known in England.

1988 Cook's (U.S.) Sept. 80/2 Six ways of cooking each vegetable are included in ‘Methods Blocks’, which advises shoppers to try unfamiliar vegetables such as cardoons, or to prepare favorites in new ways.

2014 BBC Gardeners' World (Special Subscriber ed.) Dec. 38/3 Other spherical heads that make dramatic silhouettes include echinops (globe thistle) and cardoons or artichokes whose oversized seedheads last long into winter.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	cardoon
释义	cardoonn. Brit. /kɑːˈduːn/, U.S. /kɑrˈdun/ Forms: α. Middle English cardoun, 1600s cardôn, 1600s–1700s cardon, 1600s– cardoon, 1700s cardonne. β. 1600s–1800s chardon, 1700s chardoon. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French cardon. Etymology: Partly (i) < Anglo-Norman cardoun, Anglo-Norman and Old French (northern), Middle French, French cardon, Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French, French chardon thistle (c1100), teasel (14th cent. in Anglo-Norman) < post-classical Latin cardon- , cardo great thistle, teasel, cardoon (see below). Partly (ii) < Middle French, French cardon edible plant similar to an artichoke (mid 16th cent.) < Old Occitan cardon thistle, wild artichoke (2nd half of the 13th cent.) < post-classical Latin cardon- , cardo great thistle, teasel, cardoon (5th cent.) < classical Latin cardus , carduus thistle, cardoon, or artichoke (see carduus n.) + -ōn- , -ō (see -oon suffix).In modern French the edible plant is normally distinguished as cardon , and various types of thistle as chardon , although the latter word may also be applied more widely to other members of the family Asteraceae (including the cardoon). Compare Italian cardone , the name of various spiky plants (13th cent.), and further forms in the Romance languages cited at carduus n. †1. A thistle. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Compositae (composite plants) > [noun] > thistles thistlec725 carduea1398 wolf's-thistlea1400 cardoona1425 wolf-thistle1526 cotton-thistle1548 gum-thistle1548 oat thistle1548 black chameleon1551 ixia1551 Saint Mary thistle1552 milk thistle1562 cow-thistle1565 bedeguar1578 carline1578 silver thistle1578 white chameleon1578 globe thistle1582 ball thistle1597 down thistle1597 friar's crown1597 lady's thistle1597 gummy thistle1598 man's blood1601 musk thistle1633 melancholy thistle1653 Scotch thistle1660 boar-thistle1714 spear- thistle1753 gentle thistle1760 woolly thistle1760 wool-thistle1769 bur-thistlea1796 Canada thistle1796 pine thistle1807 plume thistle1814 melancholy plume thistle1825 woolly-headed thistle1843 dog thistle1845 dwarf thistle1846 welted thistle1846 pixie glove1858 Mexican thistle1866 Syrian thistle1866 bull thistle1878 fish belly1878 fish-bone-thistle1882 green thistle1882 herringbone thistle1884 Californian thistle1891 winged thistle1915 fish-thistles- a1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 645/23 Hic cardo, cardoun. 2. A herbaceous plant closely related to the artichoke, Cynara cardunculus (family Asteraceae), native to southern Europe, which is cultivated for the fleshy midribs of its leaves, which are cooked and eaten as a vegetable. Also: a midrib of this plant (or, in early use, of an artichoke plant) prepared for cooking or eating. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > stalk vegetables > [noun] > artichokes artichoke1531 cardoon1594 cactus1607 globe artichoke1763 Chinese artichoke1891 Japanese artichoke1902 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > stalk vegetables > artichokes artichoke1531 ground-thistle1591 cardoon1594 cactus1607 sherdoon1661 Spanish cardon1699 globe artichoke1763 Chinese artichoke1891 Japanese artichoke1902 1594 Orchard & Garden 28 Cardons and Artochokes must be sowne in April or March, when the moone is old. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Means,..spaces left for Cardoons betweene rowes of Onyons. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Cardons, Cardoones; the stalkes of Artichokes, or of the white thistle, buried in the ground, or otherwise vsed, to get them a whitenesse (excellent meat). 1640 J. Parkinson Theatrum Botanicum 974 The Cretanes use their wilde Artichoke in the same manner that the Italians, Spaniards and French use their Cardui or Chardons. 1668 J. Evelyn Let. 21 Aug. in Letterbks. (2014) I. 460 I thinke I was the first that ever planted Spanish Cardôns in our Country for any Culinarie use, as your Excellency has taught the blanching. 1723 J. Nott Cook's & Confectioner's Dict. sig. E^v Sometimes it is serv'd up with a Ragoo of Cardoons. 1798 C. Marshall Introd. Knowl. & Pract. Gardening (ed. 2) xx. 400 Blanch..endive, beet, and chardons by tying up. 1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. vi. 138 Botanists are now generally agreed that the cardoon and the artichoke are varieties of one plant. 1882 Mrs. H. Reeve Cookery & Housek. xxv. 325 Cardoons, this excellent vegetable is little known in England. 1988 Cook's (U.S.) Sept. 80/2 Six ways of cooking each vegetable are included in ‘Methods Blocks’, which advises shoppers to try unfamiliar vegetables such as cardoons, or to prepare favorites in new ways. 2014 BBC Gardeners' World (Special Subscriber ed.) Dec. 38/3 Other spherical heads that make dramatic silhouettes include echinops (globe thistle) and cardoons or artichokes whose oversized seedheads last long into winter. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.a1425
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