cardon.

Brit.

/ˈkɑːdəʊ/, U.S.

/ˈkɑrdoʊ/

Inflections: Plural cardines Brit.

/ˈkɑːdᵻniːz/,

/ˈkɑːdn̩iːz/, U.S.

/ˈkɑrdəˌniz/,

/ˈkɑrdnˌiz/.

Etymology: < classical Latin cardin-, cardo pivot or axis on which a thing turns, pivot forming the hinge of a door, either of the pivots or poles on which the universe was supposed to rotate about the earth, each of the four cardinal points of the horizon, each of the four cardinal points of the ecliptic, turning point or critical juncture in a situation, (in surveying) baseline laid out from north to south on a site, in post-classical Latin also hinge of a shell (1678 or earlier), of unknown origin.With sense 5 compare the following example of Latin cardines (plural) in a marginal note to Holland's translation of Pliny:1601 P. Holland in tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xvii. xxii. 529 If the plot or modell of the vineyard will beare it, these * allies also which lie North and South, would be as large full as the aforesaid principal high way. [margin] *Cardines.In cardo maximus at sense 5 after classical Latin cardo maximus main baseline on a site (2nd cent. a.d.).

1. Astronomy and Astrology. Each of the four cardinal points of the horizon; (also, more commonly) each of the four cardinal points in a horoscope. Chiefly in plural. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > celestial sphere > circle of celestial sphere > [noun] > great circle > ecliptic > cardinal points

cardo?a1560

cardinal point1585

principal point1591

cardinal1659

cardinal point1684

?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) i. xxix. sig. I iij The foure cardines or quarters of the Horizon.

1639 J. Fletcher et al. Bloody Brother iv. ii. sig. G*3^v How are the Cardines?

1660 H. More Explan. Grand Myst. Godliness vii. xv. 341 Starres and Planets do most potently act in the Cardines of the Celestiall Theme, of which Imum Cœli is one.

2006 Egitto e Vicino Oriente 29 155 Even though the positions of the Sun, Moon, and the five planets are contained in a horoscope, the horoscope is defined by the inclusion of at least one of the cardines.

2011 S. Sela tr. A. Ibn Ezra Beginning of Wisdom in Abraham Ibn Ezra on Elections, Interrogations, & Med Astrol. viii. 322 The quadrant between the lower cardo and the ascendant degree is northern.

†2. A crucial or pivotal element; a critical moment, a turning point. Cf. hinge n. 4. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > [noun] > critical or decisive moment

articlea1398

prick?c1422

crise?1541

push1563

in the nick1565

jump1598

concurrence1605

cardo1609

(the) nick of time (also occasionally opportunity, etc.)1610

edgea1616

climacterical1628

climacteric1633

in the nick-time1650

moment1666

turning-point1836

watershed1854

psychological moment1871

psychical moment1888

moment of truth1932

crunch1939

cruncher1947

high noon1955

break point1959

defining moment1967

midnight1976

1609 Bp. W. Barlow Answer Catholike English-man 157 Therein is the Cardo and Marrow of the Question.

a1638 J. Mede Wks. (1672) i. xxvi. 109 The main Cardo and hinge of Repentance.

1818 Brit. Critic Dec. 588 We hasten therefore to that which must be considered as the great æra of Mr. Howard's life—the cardo of his horoscope—the point from which he emerged from privacy.

1850 Mercersburg Rev. Jan. 9 This he holds plainly to be the Fact of all facts, the cardo of the world's life.

3. Conchology and Palaeontology. The hinge of the shell of a bivalve mollusc or brachiopod. Cf. cardinal adj. 8. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Pelecypoda or Conchifera > [noun] > bivalves > parts of

beard1649

hinge1704

cardo1725

palpus1803

disc1810

ligament1816

palp1835

tooth1847

hinge-tooth1851

beak1854

curtain1854

talon1854

resilium1895

hinge-ligament1909

1725 H. Sloane Voy. Islands II. 257 This hath many Striæ from the Cardo to the Circumference, is eared on both sides and shaped like an ordinary Scallop.

1789 G. White Nat. Hist. Selborne 7 The cardo passing for an head and mouth.

1810 C. T. Watkins Portable Cycl. at Ostrea The cardo has no teeth.

2015 Acta Zoologica Bulgarica 67 589/2 (caption) Cardo, lateral..; cardinal teeth, dorso-lateral.

4. Zoology. The first (proximal or basal) joint of the maxilla of an insect; (also) a corresponding part in the mouthparts of a myriapod.

ΚΠ

1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. III. xxxiii. 357 Cardo (the Hinge). A small, transverse, usually triangular, corneous piece, upon which the Maxilla commonly sits.

1877 T. H. Huxley Man. Anat. Invertebrated Animals vii. 429 The cardines are long and slender and give rise to a hinge joint, whereby the maxillæ and labium can be folded back.

1947 A. D. Imms Outl. Entomol. (ed. 3) iv. 147 Hymenoptera... The maxillae are greatly elongated with rod-like cardines.

2014 PLOS One (online journal, accessed 5 Nov. 2020) 9 9/1 Gnathochilarium with short median expansion, labral surface with several flat papillae, cardo, stipes, and gnathal lobe are appreciably well-defined.

5. Roman History. Originally: a line or boundary running north to south, as marked by a surveyor. In later use chiefly: a road running north to south in a Roman town, camp, etc. Cf. decumanus n.Sometimes used with specific reference to the first such line marked at the start of a survey, or the main such road in a town, camp, etc.; in this sense also as cardo maximus.

ΚΠ

a1833 G. Higgins Anacalypsis (1836) II. v. iv. 413 A Cardo would run through every capitol or principal town.

1869 Archaeologia 42 135 I have spoken of the decumanus maximus and the cardo maximus as lines only, but in reality they took the practical form of public roads.

1924 R. A. L. Fell Etruria & Rome iv. 154 The antiquity of the direct road from Rome to Tarquinii..is proved by the fact that it forms the cardo of the Etruscan necropolis of Monterozzi.

2017 E. E. Poehler Traffic Syst. Pompeii viii. 226 At the southern ends of these excavated streets..we would expect the southbound traffic to turn off each cardo.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	cardo
释义	cardon. Brit. /ˈkɑːdəʊ/, U.S. /ˈkɑrdoʊ/ Inflections: Plural cardines Brit. /ˈkɑːdᵻniːz/, /ˈkɑːdn̩iːz/, U.S. /ˈkɑrdəˌniz/, /ˈkɑrdnˌiz/. Etymology: < classical Latin cardin-, cardo pivot or axis on which a thing turns, pivot forming the hinge of a door, either of the pivots or poles on which the universe was supposed to rotate about the earth, each of the four cardinal points of the horizon, each of the four cardinal points of the ecliptic, turning point or critical juncture in a situation, (in surveying) baseline laid out from north to south on a site, in post-classical Latin also hinge of a shell (1678 or earlier), of unknown origin.With sense 5 compare the following example of Latin cardines (plural) in a marginal note to Holland's translation of Pliny:1601 P. Holland in tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xvii. xxii. 529 If the plot or modell of the vineyard will beare it, these * allies also which lie North and South, would be as large full as the aforesaid principal high way. [margin] *Cardines.In cardo maximus at sense 5 after classical Latin cardo maximus main baseline on a site (2nd cent. a.d.). 1. Astronomy and Astrology. Each of the four cardinal points of the horizon; (also, more commonly) each of the four cardinal points in a horoscope. Chiefly in plural. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > celestial sphere > circle of celestial sphere > [noun] > great circle > ecliptic > cardinal points cardo?a1560 cardinal point1585 principal point1591 cardinal1659 cardinal point1684 ?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) i. xxix. sig. I iij The foure cardines or quarters of the Horizon. 1639 J. Fletcher et al. Bloody Brother iv. ii. sig. G3^v How are the Cardines? 1660 H. More Explan. Grand Myst. Godliness* vii. xv. 341 Starres and Planets do most potently act in the Cardines of the Celestiall Theme, of which Imum Cœli is one. 2006 Egitto e Vicino Oriente 29 155 Even though the positions of the Sun, Moon, and the five planets are contained in a horoscope, the horoscope is defined by the inclusion of at least one of the cardines. 2011 S. Sela tr. A. Ibn Ezra Beginning of Wisdom in Abraham Ibn Ezra on Elections, Interrogations, & Med Astrol. viii. 322 The quadrant between the lower cardo and the ascendant degree is northern. †2. A crucial or pivotal element; a critical moment, a turning point. Cf. hinge n. 4. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > [noun] > critical or decisive moment articlea1398 prick?c1422 crise?1541 push1563 in the nick1565 jump1598 concurrence1605 cardo1609 (the) nick of time (also occasionally opportunity, etc.)1610 edgea1616 climacterical1628 climacteric1633 in the nick-time1650 moment1666 turning-point1836 watershed1854 psychological moment1871 psychical moment1888 moment of truth1932 crunch1939 cruncher1947 high noon1955 break point1959 defining moment1967 midnight1976 1609 Bp. W. Barlow Answer Catholike English-man 157 Therein is the Cardo and Marrow of the Question. a1638 J. Mede Wks. (1672) i. xxvi. 109 The main Cardo and hinge of Repentance. 1818 Brit. Critic Dec. 588 We hasten therefore to that which must be considered as the great æra of Mr. Howard's life—the cardo of his horoscope—the point from which he emerged from privacy. 1850 Mercersburg Rev. Jan. 9 This he holds plainly to be the Fact of all facts, the cardo of the world's life. 3. Conchology and Palaeontology. The hinge of the shell of a bivalve mollusc or brachiopod. Cf. cardinal adj. 8. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Pelecypoda or Conchifera > [noun] > bivalves > parts of beard1649 hinge1704 cardo1725 palpus1803 disc1810 ligament1816 palp1835 tooth1847 hinge-tooth1851 beak1854 curtain1854 talon1854 resilium1895 hinge-ligament1909 1725 H. Sloane Voy. Islands II. 257 This hath many Striæ from the Cardo to the Circumference, is eared on both sides and shaped like an ordinary Scallop. 1789 G. White Nat. Hist. Selborne 7 The cardo passing for an head and mouth. 1810 C. T. Watkins Portable Cycl. at Ostrea The cardo has no teeth. 2015 Acta Zoologica Bulgarica 67 589/2 (caption) Cardo, lateral..; cardinal teeth, dorso-lateral. 4. Zoology. The first (proximal or basal) joint of the maxilla of an insect; (also) a corresponding part in the mouthparts of a myriapod. ΚΠ 1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. III. xxxiii. 357 Cardo (the Hinge). A small, transverse, usually triangular, corneous piece, upon which the Maxilla commonly sits. 1877 T. H. Huxley Man. Anat. Invertebrated Animals vii. 429 The cardines are long and slender and give rise to a hinge joint, whereby the maxillæ and labium can be folded back. 1947 A. D. Imms Outl. Entomol. (ed. 3) iv. 147 Hymenoptera... The maxillae are greatly elongated with rod-like cardines. 2014 PLOS One (online journal, accessed 5 Nov. 2020) 9 9/1 Gnathochilarium with short median expansion, labral surface with several flat papillae, cardo, stipes, and gnathal lobe are appreciably well-defined. 5. Roman History. Originally: a line or boundary running north to south, as marked by a surveyor. In later use chiefly: a road running north to south in a Roman town, camp, etc. Cf. decumanus n.Sometimes used with specific reference to the first such line marked at the start of a survey, or the main such road in a town, camp, etc.; in this sense also as cardo maximus. ΚΠ a1833 G. Higgins Anacalypsis (1836) II. v. iv. 413 A Cardo would run through every capitol or principal town. 1869 Archaeologia 42 135 I have spoken of the decumanus maximus and the cardo maximus as lines only, but in reality they took the practical form of public roads. 1924 R. A. L. Fell Etruria & Rome iv. 154 The antiquity of the direct road from Rome to Tarquinii..is proved by the fact that it forms the cardo of the Etruscan necropolis of Monterozzi. 2017 E. E. Poehler Traffic Syst. Pompeii viii. 226 At the southern ends of these excavated streets..we would expect the southbound traffic to turn off each cardo. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.?a1560
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