caukn.

/kɔːk/

Forms: Also Middle English–1500s calk(e, 1600s–1700s cauke, (1700s calk, 1800s caulk, cawk).

Etymology: Compare Dutch kalk , Middle Dutch calc ; Old High German chalch , Middle High German calch , calc , modern German kalk ; also Old English cealc ( < *cælc , *calc ); see chalk n. It is not clear whether calk , cauk is simply the northern form of chalk n., or adopted independently from Dutch or Low German.

Obsolete and dialect.

(a) = chalk n. (dialect). †(b) Lime. Obsolete. (c) ? Calc spar. (d) Barytes, or heavy spar: see cawk n.¹The quotations cannot easily be separated, but 1653–1729 are apparently in sense (d).

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > sedimentary rock > [noun] > chalk or limestone

chalkc893

caukc1440

calcareous earth1757

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphates > [noun] > barium sulphate

liverstone1587

ponderous spar1618

cauk1653

cawk1653

ponderous earth1780

baroselenite1786

barytes1789

heavy spar1789

terra ponderosa1794

hepatite1802

allomorphite1842

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 58 Calke or chalke, erye, calx, creta.

1483 Cath. Angl. 51 Calke, creta, calx.

?a1500 Nominale (Yale Beinecke 594) in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 769 Hec cals, a calkestone.

c1540 J. Bellenden in tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. sig. Bj This Ile wes callit Albion..fra the quhit montanis thairof full of calk.

1651 J. French Art Distillation v. 154 Take very strong lime, such as the dyers use, and call cauke.

1653 E. Manlove Liberties & Customes Lead-mines Derby 265 Cauke, Sparr, Lid-Stones, Twitches, Daulings and Pees.

1685 R. Boyle Short Mem. Hist. Mineral Waters 21 Other Ingredient as Spar, Cauke, Sulphur, Orpiment, Arsenick.

1699 A. de la Pryme Let. 22 July in Diary (1870) i. 212 Four squair bitts of brick, slate, and cauk, set in curious figueres.

1724 A. Ramsay Tea-table Misc. (1733) I. 87 Wi' cauk and keel I'll win your bread.

1730 J. Martyn in Philos. Trans. 1729–30 (Royal Soc.) 36 31 Cauk..Dr. Woodward says is a coarse talky Spar.

1816 W. Smith Strata Identified 10 A singular variety..is there called red caulk.

1851 T. Tapping Gloss. in Chron. Customs Lead Mines (E.D.S.) Calk, calc, cauke, or calcareous spar, is the base mineral constituting with brownhen, etc. the deads or rubbish of a quick vein.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† caukv.¹

Forms: Also Middle English kauke, 1500s–1600s cawk.

Etymology: < Old Northern French caukier, cauquer (modern Picard coker, French côcher) < Latin calcāre to tread.

Obsolete.

intransitive. To tread, to copulate as birds. Quots. 1486 –1575 are difficult: cf. cawk vb. at cawk n.² Derivatives to call as some birds.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > actions or bird defined by > [verb (intransitive)] > mate or copulate

cauk1377

tread1486

mate1581

1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xi. 350 Some bryddes at þe bille þorwgh brethynge conceyued; And some kauked.

1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xv. 162 He [kynde] tauhte þe tortle to trede, þe pokok to cauke.

1486 Bk. St. Albans A ij a Hawkis..in the tyme of their loue call and not kauke.

1575 G. Turberville Bk. Faulconrie 20 When the Eagle beginneth to growe to lyking, neare cawking or calling time.

Derivatives

ˈcauking n.

ΚΠ

1675 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 10 466 Her natural male dares not sit by her [the Peregrine falcon]..but only in cawking time.

1704 Dict. Rusticum Cawking-time; by this in the Art of Faulconry, is meant Hawks Treading-time.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

caukcawkv.²

Scottish.

To chalk v.

ΚΠ

1725 A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd iv. i I'll cawk my face..and shake my head.

1862 A. Hislop Prov. Scotl. 223 Ye're cawking the claith, ere the wab be in the loom.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

n.c1440

v.¹1377

v.²1725

单词	cauk
释义	caukn. /kɔːk/ Forms: Also Middle English–1500s calk(e, 1600s–1700s cauke, (1700s calk, 1800s caulk, cawk). Etymology: Compare Dutch kalk , Middle Dutch calc ; Old High German chalch , Middle High German calch , calc , modern German kalk ; also Old English cealc ( < cælc , calc ); see chalk n. It is not clear whether calk , cauk is simply the northern form of chalk n., or adopted independently from Dutch or Low German. Obsolete and dialect. (a) = chalk n. (dialect). †(b) Lime. Obsolete. (c) ? Calc spar. (d) Barytes, or heavy spar: see cawk n.¹The quotations cannot easily be separated, but 1653–1729 are apparently in sense (d). ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > sedimentary rock > [noun] > chalk or limestone chalkc893 caukc1440 calcareous earth1757 the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphates > [noun] > barium sulphate liverstone1587 ponderous spar1618 cauk1653 cawk1653 ponderous earth1780 baroselenite1786 barytes1789 heavy spar1789 terra ponderosa1794 hepatite1802 allomorphite1842 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 58 Calke or chalke, erye, calx, creta. 1483 Cath. Angl. 51 Calke, creta, calx. ?a1500 Nominale (Yale Beinecke 594) in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 769 Hec cals, a calkestone. c1540 J. Bellenden in tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. sig. Bj This Ile wes callit Albion..fra the quhit montanis thairof full of calk. 1651 J. French Art Distillation v. 154 Take very strong lime, such as the dyers use, and call cauke. 1653 E. Manlove Liberties & Customes Lead-mines Derby 265 Cauke, Sparr, Lid-Stones, Twitches, Daulings and Pees. 1685 R. Boyle Short Mem. Hist. Mineral Waters 21 Other Ingredient as Spar, Cauke, Sulphur, Orpiment, Arsenick. 1699 A. de la Pryme Let. 22 July in Diary (1870) i. 212 Four squair bitts of brick, slate, and cauk, set in curious figueres. 1724 A. Ramsay Tea-table Misc. (1733) I. 87 Wi' cauk and keel I'll win your bread. 1730 J. Martyn in Philos. Trans. 1729–30 (Royal Soc.) 36 31 Cauk..Dr. Woodward says is a coarse talky Spar. 1816 W. Smith Strata Identified 10 A singular variety..is there called red caulk. 1851 T. Tapping Gloss. in Chron. Customs Lead Mines (E.D.S.) Calk, calc, cauke, or calcareous spar, is the base mineral constituting with brownhen, etc. the deads or rubbish of a quick vein. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † caukv.¹ Forms: Also Middle English kauke, 1500s–1600s cawk. Etymology: < Old Northern French caukier, cauquer (modern Picard coker, French côcher) < Latin calcāre to tread. Obsolete. intransitive. To tread, to copulate as birds. Quots. 1486 –1575 are difficult: cf. cawk vb. at cawk n.² Derivatives to call as some birds. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > actions or bird defined by > [verb (intransitive)] > mate or copulate cauk1377 tread1486 mate1581 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xi. 350 Some bryddes at þe bille þorwgh brethynge conceyued; And some kauked. 1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xv. 162 He [kynde] tauhte þe tortle to trede, þe pokok to cauke. 1486 Bk. St. Albans A ij a Hawkis..in the tyme of their loue call and not kauke. 1575 G. Turberville Bk. Faulconrie 20 When the Eagle beginneth to growe to lyking, neare cawking or calling time. Derivatives ˈcauking n. ΚΠ 1675 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 10 466 Her natural male dares not sit by her [the Peregrine falcon]..but only in cawking time. 1704 Dict. Rusticum Cawking-time; by this in the Art of Faulconry, is meant Hawks Treading-time. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online December 2020). caukcawkv.² Scottish. To chalk v. ΚΠ 1725 A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd iv. i I'll cawk my face..and shake my head. 1862 A. Hislop Prov. Scotl. 223 Ye're cawking the claith, ere the wab be in the loom. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.c1440v.¹1377v.²1725
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caukn.

† caukv.1

Derivatives

caukcawkv.2

† caukv.¹

caukcawkv.²