canaillen.

Brit.

/kəˈnʌɪ/,

/kəˈneɪl/, U.S.

/kəˈneɪl/,

/kəˈnaɪ/

Forms: 1600s canaile, 1600s cannale, 1600s– canaille, 1700s kennel; also Scottish pre-1700 canailie, pre-1700 cannaille, 1700s canalzie, 1800s canailly, 1800s canallye, 1800s canallyie, 1800s canalyie, 1800s cannailyie, 1800s cannailzie, 1900s kinallie, 1900s– canailye.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French canaille.

Etymology: < Middle French, French canaille common people collectively, rabble (c1470; 1467 in sense ‘despicable person’; compare Old French chenaille , chienaille (end of the 12th cent.)) < Italian canaglia (a1338), lit. ‘pack of dogs’ < cane dog (see cane corso n.) + -aglia -al suffix¹. Compare Occitan canalha (beginning of the 16th cent. as †quanalho ), Spanish canalla (c1470), Portuguese canalha (1546), and also Dutch kanalje (1572 as †canaille ), German Kanaille (1616 as Canaille ). Compare canaglia n.This word shows a range of pronunciations, with varying degrees of naturalization. N.E.D. (1888) gives the pronunciations (kana·^ly) /kaˈnɑj/ and (kanēⁱ·l) /kaˈneɪl/, and comments that the word, although naturalized in the 17th and 18th centuries (compare e.g. the form cannale in quot. 1679 at sense 1), was by the late 19th cent. once more consciously apprehended as not fully naturalized. Most 19th-cent. British pronouncing dictionaries give a naturalized pronunciation in /-eɪl/.

1. With the: the common people; the mob or masses. Also (without article): common people collectively; rabble.Frequently in French contexts.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > the common people > low rank or condition > the lowest class > [noun] > the rabble

commona1350

rascala1382

rascaldry?1457

routc1475

tag and ragc1535

riff-raff1545

rabble1549

rascabilia1557

rabblement1565

bran1574

rascability1583

rascality1583

canaille1588

canalliary1600

canaglia1607

taga1616

ribble-rabble1635

volge1639

rabble rout1650

tag-rag and bob-tail1660

mobile1676

mobility1690

mob1691

rag-tag (also rag, tag) and bob-tail1725

kennel1726

rough scruff1814

rough scuff1816

tag-rag1826

rascalry1827

rascalment1832

doggery1843

polloi1856

raggle-taggle1958

1588 in W. J. Duncan Misc. Papers Reigns Queen Mary & James VI (1834) 54 We are blyth that the cuntraith of France is deliverit of the tyranny of sic cannaille.

1679 W. Penn Addr. Protestants i. 26 This Shameful Impiety..has not only prevailed with the Populace, the Cannale, the Vulgar.

1747 S. Richardson Clarissa II. xii. 66 Faulty morals deservedly..bring down rank and birth to the Canaille.

1823 Sat. Evening Post (Philadelphia) 11 Jan. 1/4 Enter the Church after the sermon has commenced..: this will exempt you from being thought canaille.

1845 B. Disraeli Sybil I. ii. xv. 286 Railroads..and manufactories..are enterprises for the canaille, and I hate them in my heart.

1934 A. Christie Murder on Orient Express (1985) ii. xv. 178 Soil my hands with killing such canaille as that man Cassetti?

1976 M. Hunter Talent is not Enough 14 ‘The rascal multitude,’ the canaille—those who beg and starve..and steal.

2001 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 12 Apr. 54/4 Deburau, whose legendary, mysterious, and white-faced Pierrot, adored by the intellectuals and writers of the time as well as by the canaille of the paradis, the gods of the gallery, became a tragic figure when he killed a boy in a street quarrel.

2. A mob or pack of people regarded as rabble. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > a company or body of persons > [noun] > pack

packa1393

kennela1586

nest1589

cry1604

canaille1688

1688 T. Doolittle Fears & Jealousies Ceas'd 4 A most Powerful Party..enrag'd against the whole Canaille of these Miscreants.

1713 Brit. Merchant 18 Aug. The Canaille of Writers, to lessen our Exports to France, have undervalu'd a List of re-exported Goods.

1796 J. Moir Preventive Policy ix. 314 A canaille of robbers..coalesced their respective gangs for common safety and common plunder.

1850 T. Carlyle Latter-day Pamphlets v. 160 A regiment gone wholly to the drum..—more a canaille than a regiment.

1999 Daily Tel. 13 May 30/3 There is no chance of this happening, any more than there is of American Ivy League gentlemen replacing the Clintonesque canaille.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	canaille
释义	canaillen. Brit. /kəˈnʌɪ/, /kəˈneɪl/, U.S. /kəˈneɪl/, /kəˈnaɪ/ Forms: 1600s canaile, 1600s cannale, 1600s– canaille, 1700s kennel; also Scottish pre-1700 canailie, pre-1700 cannaille, 1700s canalzie, 1800s canailly, 1800s canallye, 1800s canallyie, 1800s canalyie, 1800s cannailyie, 1800s cannailzie, 1900s kinallie, 1900s– canailye. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French canaille. Etymology: < Middle French, French canaille common people collectively, rabble (c1470; 1467 in sense ‘despicable person’; compare Old French chenaille , chienaille (end of the 12th cent.)) < Italian canaglia (a1338), lit. ‘pack of dogs’ < cane dog (see cane corso n.) + -aglia -al suffix¹. Compare Occitan canalha (beginning of the 16th cent. as †quanalho ), Spanish canalla (c1470), Portuguese canalha (1546), and also Dutch kanalje (1572 as †canaille ), German Kanaille (1616 as Canaille ). Compare canaglia n.This word shows a range of pronunciations, with varying degrees of naturalization. N.E.D. (1888) gives the pronunciations (kana·^ly) /kaˈnɑj/ and (kanēⁱ·l) /kaˈneɪl/, and comments that the word, although naturalized in the 17th and 18th centuries (compare e.g. the form cannale in quot. 1679 at sense 1), was by the late 19th cent. once more consciously apprehended as not fully naturalized. Most 19th-cent. British pronouncing dictionaries give a naturalized pronunciation in /-eɪl/. 1. With the: the common people; the mob or masses. Also (without article): common people collectively; rabble.Frequently in French contexts. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > the common people > low rank or condition > the lowest class > [noun] > the rabble commona1350 rascala1382 rascaldry?1457 routc1475 tag and ragc1535 riff-raff1545 rabble1549 rascabilia1557 rabblement1565 bran1574 rascability1583 rascality1583 canaille1588 canalliary1600 canaglia1607 taga1616 ribble-rabble1635 volge1639 rabble rout1650 tag-rag and bob-tail1660 mobile1676 mobility1690 mob1691 rag-tag (also rag, tag) and bob-tail1725 kennel1726 rough scruff1814 rough scuff1816 tag-rag1826 rascalry1827 rascalment1832 doggery1843 polloi1856 raggle-taggle1958 1588 in W. J. Duncan Misc. Papers Reigns Queen Mary & James VI (1834) 54 We are blyth that the cuntraith of France is deliverit of the tyranny of sic cannaille. 1679 W. Penn Addr. Protestants i. 26 This Shameful Impiety..has not only prevailed with the Populace, the Cannale, the Vulgar. 1747 S. Richardson Clarissa II. xii. 66 Faulty morals deservedly..bring down rank and birth to the Canaille. 1823 Sat. Evening Post (Philadelphia) 11 Jan. 1/4 Enter the Church after the sermon has commenced..: this will exempt you from being thought canaille. 1845 B. Disraeli Sybil I. ii. xv. 286 Railroads..and manufactories..are enterprises for the canaille, and I hate them in my heart. 1934 A. Christie Murder on Orient Express (1985) ii. xv. 178 Soil my hands with killing such canaille as that man Cassetti? 1976 M. Hunter Talent is not Enough 14 ‘The rascal multitude,’ the canaille—those who beg and starve..and steal. 2001 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 12 Apr. 54/4 Deburau, whose legendary, mysterious, and white-faced Pierrot, adored by the intellectuals and writers of the time as well as by the canaille of the paradis, the gods of the gallery, became a tragic figure when he killed a boy in a street quarrel. 2. A mob or pack of people regarded as rabble. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > a company or body of persons > [noun] > pack packa1393 kennela1586 nest1589 cry1604 canaille1688 1688 T. Doolittle Fears & Jealousies Ceas'd 4 A most Powerful Party..enrag'd against the whole Canaille of these Miscreants. 1713 Brit. Merchant 18 Aug. The Canaille of Writers, to lessen our Exports to France, have undervalu'd a List of re-exported Goods. 1796 J. Moir Preventive Policy ix. 314 A canaille of robbers..coalesced their respective gangs for common safety and common plunder. 1850 T. Carlyle Latter-day Pamphlets v. 160 A regiment gone wholly to the drum..—more a canaille than a regiment. 1999 Daily Tel. 13 May 30/3 There is no chance of this happening, any more than there is of American Ivy League gentlemen replacing the Clintonesque canaille. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1588
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