affirmingn.

Brit.

/əˈfəːmɪŋ/, U.S.

/əˈfərmɪŋ/

Forms: see affirm v. and -ing suffix¹.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: affirm v., -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < affirm v. + -ing suffix¹. Compare affirmation n. and slightly earlier affirmance n.

1. The action or an act of agreeing that something is true; the action of confirming or ratifying something already said or done; confirmation, corroboration, ratification.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > ratification or confirmation > [noun]

confirmment1297

confirmationc1330

ratification1420

affirminga1425

interination1489

confirmance1588

rate?1611

endorsement1633

firmation1684

verification1789

seal of approval1833

interinement1883

a1425 (a1400) Northern Pauline Epist. (1916) 2 Cor. i. 19 (MED) Lefyng was not in hym, but..affermyng of soþnes onely was in hym.

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xliv. l. 662 Thanne was this [sc. victory] a gret Afermeng To here Creaunce.

a1500 (?a1390) J. Mirk Festial (Gough) (1905) 102 (MED) Þou schalt not swer by God..but yn affermyng of trewth.

1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) ii. 77 Amen..ys a worde of affermynge, and ys as moche as to say, as Treuly, or Faythfully.

1701 2nd Pt. Rep. P. Ventris (ed. 2) 79 The other Judges were for affirming of the Judgment.

1831 Lancet 14 May 222/1 The consequence of course was the affirming of the judgment of Apothecaries' Hall.

1913 Laws Insurance (State of Mich.) 14 Within five days after the making or affirming of any such order by the state fire marshal.

2002 D. E. Klein Making Law in U.S. Courts of Appeals ii. 18 Shortcuts such as..affirming of trial court decisions without comment.

2. The action or an act of declaring or asserting something positively.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > assertion or affirmation > [noun] > assertion of positive as opposed to negative

affirmance1399

affirmingc1425

affirmationa1513

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) i. l. 1714 (MED) God forbede we schulde ȝif credence To swyche feynyng..Syth of nature muste be denyed Al swyche affermyng.

c1454 R. Pecock Folewer to Donet 65 (MED) Y varie from þe holdyngis and affermyng of þe philesofre and of hooli doctouris.

a1500 in Anglia (1880) 3 328 (MED) By his preching and affermyng all that cite was conuertid to oure lord Jhesu Crist.

1577 W. Gace tr. N. Hemmingsen Learned Comm. Epist. Iames the Apostle v. f. 86 In an othe which is an affirming or denying of some thing, with a calling to witnes of the name of God.

1642 D. Rogers Matrimoniall Honovr v. 104 Even very heathens have alwaies esteemed Espousalls, Betrothings, Assurings, Contractings, Affirmings, (for they are all one) to be very solemne matters.

1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. iv. 130 If his foes affirming be a proof, why should not his friends denial thereof be a sufficient refutation?

1704 D. Defoe Ess. Regulation Press 12 To give their Friends a full liberty of Affirming, and to refuse the other Side the liberty of Replying.

a1795 S. Bishop Poet. Wks. (1796) II. 244 Thus boldly on your dunghill crowing, You'll make affirming pass for knowing.

1849 G. Bushnell God in Christ 80 We are different men, living as parts in a different system of things and thinkings, denyings, and affirmings.

1865 Jurist 29 July (1866) 607/1 Before the time of the affirming of the said plaint the said Frederick Matthey died, and he was then dead.

1924 M. I. Barry St. Augustine, Orator vii. 114 Litotes or the affirming of a statement by denying its opposite, derives its rhetorical force from the use of the double negative.

1979 E. Lovelace Dragon can't Dance i. 18 To her being queen was not really a masquerade at all, but the annual affirming of a genuine queenship.

2001 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 2 Aug. e9/1 Boswell's interrogative pipings instigate the deep saucer-rattling bow stroke of Johnson's affirmings.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

affirmingadj.

Brit.

/əˈfəːmɪŋ/, U.S.

/əˈfərmɪŋ/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: affirm v., -ing suffix².

Etymology: < affirm v. + -ing suffix². Compare earlier affirmant adj., affirmative adj.

That affirms something (in various senses of the verb); that gives affirmation.

ΚΠ

1584 D. Fenner Artes of Logike & Rethorike ii. i. sig. C An affirming axiome is, whose couple doeth affirme.

1667 R. Baxter Reasons Christian Relig. i. vi. 298 A negative witness that knoweth not whether it be so or not, is not to be regarded against an affirming witness who knoweth what he saith.

1683 J. Dalrymple Decisions Lords of Council & Session I. 684 Neither does the Messenger and the affirming Witnesses agree in the Substantials of the arrestment.

1796 M. Hale & F. Hargrave Jurisdict. Lords House xxxii. 191 Now as to the reasons of the affirming assertion.

1849 G. Grote Hist. Greece VI. ii. xlviii. 139 The lines just cited make him as much a contradicting as an affirming witness.

1860 D. P. Thompson Doomed Chief i. 22 The unscrupulous Dick..with an affirming nod to the Shadow, and a knowing wink to Sniffkin, silently passed them under his coat.

1940 Harvard Law Rev. 53 480 An affirming order, as distinguished from an enforcing order, will not serve as the basis of a contempt proceeding.

2007 HIV Plus Sept.–Oct. 40/2 I live in an affirming city in an affirming neighborhood and have affirming friends. Life is good.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	affirming
释义	affirmingn. Brit. /əˈfəːmɪŋ/, U.S. /əˈfərmɪŋ/ Forms: see affirm v. and -ing suffix¹. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: affirm v., -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < affirm v. + -ing suffix¹. Compare affirmation n. and slightly earlier affirmance n. 1. The action or an act of agreeing that something is true; the action of confirming or ratifying something already said or done; confirmation, corroboration, ratification. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > ratification or confirmation > [noun] confirmment1297 confirmationc1330 ratification1420 affirminga1425 interination1489 confirmance1588 rate?1611 endorsement1633 firmation1684 verification1789 seal of approval1833 interinement1883 a1425 (a1400) Northern Pauline Epist. (1916) 2 Cor. i. 19 (MED) Lefyng was not in hym, but..affermyng of soþnes onely was in hym. a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xliv. l. 662 Thanne was this [sc. victory] a gret Afermeng To here Creaunce. a1500 (?a1390) J. Mirk Festial (Gough) (1905) 102 (MED) Þou schalt not swer by God..but yn affermyng of trewth. 1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) ii. 77 Amen..ys a worde of affermynge, and ys as moche as to say, as Treuly, or Faythfully. 1701 2nd Pt. Rep. P. Ventris (ed. 2) 79 The other Judges were for affirming of the Judgment. 1831 Lancet 14 May 222/1 The consequence of course was the affirming of the judgment of Apothecaries' Hall. 1913 Laws Insurance (State of Mich.) 14 Within five days after the making or affirming of any such order by the state fire marshal. 2002 D. E. Klein Making Law in U.S. Courts of Appeals ii. 18 Shortcuts such as..affirming of trial court decisions without comment. 2. The action or an act of declaring or asserting something positively. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > assertion or affirmation > [noun] > assertion of positive as opposed to negative affirmance1399 affirmingc1425 affirmationa1513 c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) i. l. 1714 (MED) God forbede we schulde ȝif credence To swyche feynyng..Syth of nature muste be denyed Al swyche affermyng. c1454 R. Pecock Folewer to Donet 65 (MED) Y varie from þe holdyngis and affermyng of þe philesofre and of hooli doctouris. a1500 in Anglia (1880) 3 328 (MED) By his preching and affermyng all that cite was conuertid to oure lord Jhesu Crist. 1577 W. Gace tr. N. Hemmingsen Learned Comm. Epist. Iames the Apostle v. f. 86 In an othe which is an affirming or denying of some thing, with a calling to witnes of the name of God. 1642 D. Rogers Matrimoniall Honovr v. 104 Even very heathens have alwaies esteemed Espousalls, Betrothings, Assurings, Contractings, Affirmings, (for they are all one) to be very solemne matters. 1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. iv. 130 If his foes affirming be a proof, why should not his friends denial thereof be a sufficient refutation? 1704 D. Defoe Ess. Regulation Press 12 To give their Friends a full liberty of Affirming, and to refuse the other Side the liberty of Replying. a1795 S. Bishop Poet. Wks. (1796) II. 244 Thus boldly on your dunghill crowing, You'll make affirming pass for knowing. 1849 G. Bushnell God in Christ 80 We are different men, living as parts in a different system of things and thinkings, denyings, and affirmings. 1865 Jurist 29 July (1866) 607/1 Before the time of the affirming of the said plaint the said Frederick Matthey died, and he was then dead. 1924 M. I. Barry St. Augustine, Orator vii. 114 Litotes or the affirming of a statement by denying its opposite, derives its rhetorical force from the use of the double negative. 1979 E. Lovelace Dragon can't Dance i. 18 To her being queen was not really a masquerade at all, but the annual affirming of a genuine queenship. 2001 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 2 Aug. e9/1 Boswell's interrogative pipings instigate the deep saucer-rattling bow stroke of Johnson's affirmings. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). affirmingadj. Brit. /əˈfəːmɪŋ/, U.S. /əˈfərmɪŋ/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: affirm v., -ing suffix². Etymology: < affirm v. + -ing suffix². Compare earlier affirmant adj., affirmative adj. That affirms something (in various senses of the verb); that gives affirmation. ΚΠ 1584 D. Fenner Artes of Logike & Rethorike ii. i. sig. C An affirming axiome is, whose couple doeth affirme. 1667 R. Baxter Reasons Christian Relig. i. vi. 298 A negative witness that knoweth not whether it be so or not, is not to be regarded against an affirming witness who knoweth what he saith. 1683 J. Dalrymple Decisions Lords of Council & Session I. 684 Neither does the Messenger and the affirming Witnesses agree in the Substantials of the arrestment. 1796 M. Hale & F. Hargrave Jurisdict. Lords House xxxii. 191 Now as to the reasons of the affirming assertion. 1849 G. Grote Hist. Greece VI. ii. xlviii. 139 The lines just cited make him as much a contradicting as an affirming witness. 1860 D. P. Thompson Doomed Chief i. 22 The unscrupulous Dick..with an affirming nod to the Shadow, and a knowing wink to Sniffkin, silently passed them under his coat. 1940 Harvard Law Rev. 53 480 An affirming order, as distinguished from an enforcing order, will not serve as the basis of a contempt proceeding. 2007 HIV Plus Sept.–Oct. 40/2 I live in an affirming city in an affirming neighborhood and have affirming friends. Life is good. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.a1425adj.1584
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