carbyln.

Brit.

/ˈkɑːbʌɪl/,

/ˈkɑːb(ɪ)l/, U.S.

/ˈkɑrˌb(ə)l/

Forms: 1800s carbyle, 1800s– carbyl.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; partly modelled on a German lexical item, and partly modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: carbo- comb. form, -yl suffix.

Etymology: < carbo- comb. form + -yl suffix, after German Carbyl (in Carbylsulphat carbyl sulphate (G. Magnus 1839, in Ann. der Physik u. Chem. 47 512); now usually Carbylsulfat ) and French carbyle (in sulfate de carbyle carbyl sulphate (G. Magnus 1839, in Ann. de chim. et de physique 72 71)). Compare carbylamine n.

Chemistry.

Originally: †a divalent radical =CH or =C, believed to exist in carbyl sulphate and some other compounds (obsolete). In later use: any radical whose point of attachment to other atoms is a carbon atom (a less specific term than alkyl, aryl, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > hydrocarbons > [noun] > hydrocarbon radicals > others

mesityl1838

carbyl1840

melissyl1852

neopentyl1876

oleoyl1903

1840 London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 17 235 A sulphate of carburetted hydrogen, to which M. Magnus gives the name of sulphate of carbyle.

1854 R. D. Thomson Cycl. Chem. 152 Carbyle, CH. A base supposed to exist in the combination of sulphuric acid, when anhydrous sulphuric acid is allowed to be absorbed by absolute alcohol; sulphate of carbyle results = CH SO₃.

1932 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 54 4095 The radicals [with univalent oxygen atoms] are too unstable to have any but a transitory existence, for the free valence shifts from oxygen to carbon and the carbyl radical undergoes various secondary changes.

1955 Jrnl. Org. Chem. 20 433 As the carbanion is pried away from the cation by coordination, an electron is lost to sodium and a transitory condition consisting of atomic sodium adjacent to an organic compound, CNa·, and a carbyl radical, R·, is formed.

1963 W. E. Flood Orig. Chem. Names 59/1 The carbylamine may be regarded as an amine in which the two hydrogen atoms of the amino-group are replaced by carbyl (i.e. a carbon ‘radical’).

2002 Jrnl. Agric. & Food Chem. 50 1819/2 Phenoxyl radical I can further undergo intramolecular arrangement to form intermediate II, a tertiary carbyl radical.

Compounds

carbyl sulphate n. a deliquescent crystalline compound formed by the action of sulphur trioxide on ethanol or ethylene.Carbyl sulphate is a cyclic anhydride, also called ethionic anhydride. Formula: C₂H₄O₆S₂.

ΚΠ

1840 London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 17 235 A sulphate of carburetted hydrogen, to which M. Magnus gives the name of sulphate of carbyle.]

1850 J. C. Booth Encycl. Chem. 609/1 Carbyl-sulphate. Form. CH, SO₃.

1922 J. J. Sudborough Bernthsen's Text-bk. Org. Chem. (new ed.) viii. 204 Isethionic acid..is obtained when carbyl sulphate..is boiled with water.

1992 Jrnl. Chromatogr. A 602 215/2 This peak is suspected to be ethionic acid, which is formed from the hydrolysis of carbyl sulfate, a monomer precursor.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	carbyl
释义	carbyln. Brit. /ˈkɑːbʌɪl/, /ˈkɑːb(ɪ)l/, U.S. /ˈkɑrˌb(ə)l/ Forms: 1800s carbyle, 1800s– carbyl. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; partly modelled on a German lexical item, and partly modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: carbo- comb. form, -yl suffix. Etymology: < carbo- comb. form + -yl suffix, after German Carbyl (in Carbylsulphat carbyl sulphate (G. Magnus 1839, in Ann. der Physik u. Chem. 47 512); now usually Carbylsulfat ) and French carbyle (in sulfate de carbyle carbyl sulphate (G. Magnus 1839, in Ann. de chim. et de physique 72 71)). Compare carbylamine n. Chemistry. Originally: †a divalent radical =CH or =C, believed to exist in carbyl sulphate and some other compounds (obsolete). In later use: any radical whose point of attachment to other atoms is a carbon atom (a less specific term than alkyl, aryl, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > hydrocarbons > [noun] > hydrocarbon radicals > others mesityl1838 carbyl1840 melissyl1852 neopentyl1876 oleoyl1903 1840 London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 17 235 A sulphate of carburetted hydrogen, to which M. Magnus gives the name of sulphate of carbyle. 1854 R. D. Thomson Cycl. Chem. 152 Carbyle, CH. A base supposed to exist in the combination of sulphuric acid, when anhydrous sulphuric acid is allowed to be absorbed by absolute alcohol; sulphate of carbyle results = CH SO₃. 1932 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 54 4095 The radicals [with univalent oxygen atoms] are too unstable to have any but a transitory existence, for the free valence shifts from oxygen to carbon and the carbyl radical undergoes various secondary changes. 1955 Jrnl. Org. Chem. 20 433 As the carbanion is pried away from the cation by coordination, an electron is lost to sodium and a transitory condition consisting of atomic sodium adjacent to an organic compound, CNa·, and a carbyl radical, R·, is formed. 1963 W. E. Flood Orig. Chem. Names 59/1 The carbylamine may be regarded as an amine in which the two hydrogen atoms of the amino-group are replaced by carbyl (i.e. a carbon ‘radical’). 2002 Jrnl. Agric. & Food Chem. 50 1819/2 Phenoxyl radical I can further undergo intramolecular arrangement to form intermediate II, a tertiary carbyl radical. Compounds carbyl sulphate n. a deliquescent crystalline compound formed by the action of sulphur trioxide on ethanol or ethylene.Carbyl sulphate is a cyclic anhydride, also called ethionic anhydride. Formula: C₂H₄O₆S₂. ΚΠ 1840 London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 17 235 A sulphate of carburetted hydrogen, to which M. Magnus gives the name of sulphate of carbyle.] 1850 J. C. Booth Encycl. Chem. 609/1 Carbyl-sulphate. Form. CH, SO₃. 1922 J. J. Sudborough Bernthsen's Text-bk. Org. Chem. (new ed.) viii. 204 Isethionic acid..is obtained when carbyl sulphate..is boiled with water. 1992 Jrnl. Chromatogr. A 602 215/2 This peak is suspected to be ethionic acid, which is formed from the hydrolysis of carbyl sulfate, a monomer precursor. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1840
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