单词 | camphor |
释义 | camphorn. 1. A whitish translucent crystalline volatile substance, belonging chemically to the vegetable oils, and having a bitter aromatic taste and a strong characteristic smell: it is used in pharmacy, and was formerly in repute as an antaphrodisiac. common camphor (C10H16O) is prepared by distillation and sublimation from Camphora officinarum ( Laurus camphora), a tree indigenous to Java, Sumatra, Japan, etc., and from other lauraceous trees. Many essential oils, as those of feverfew, lavender, etc., deposit varieties of camphor differing only in their action on polarized light. Borneo camphor or Borneol (C10H18O) is yielded by Dryobalanops Camphora, family Dipteraceæ, a tree growing in Sumatra and Borneo; it is less volatile than common camphor, and has a mingled camphoraceous and peppery smell. Ngai camphor, of the same chemical composition as Borneol, is produced in China and Burma by the distillation of Blumea balsamifera. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual desire > [noun] > anaphrodisiac > specific camphor1313 marble dew1621 the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > crystalline substances > [noun] > camphors camphor1313 asarin1834 stearoptene1836 anise camphor1863 society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > camphor camphor1313 Sumatra camphora1760 Borneo camphora1811 Malay camphor1837 turpentine camphor1857 tub-camphor1880 Japan camphor1882 Japanese camphor- 1313 in Wardrobe Acc. 7 Edw. II 20 Caumfre 18d. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 202/2 Camforie or gumme, camfre. 1553 R. Eden tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India sig. Evj Great plentie of Camphora, called camphyre, whiche they affirme to be the gumme of a certayn tree. 1585 H. Lloyde tr. John XXI Treasury of Healthe I. ii Gume of Arabicke, Dragance, Camfery. 1588 T. Hickock tr. C. Federici Voy. & Trauaile f. 38 Canfora, being compound commeth all from China, and al that which groweth in canes commeth from Bruneo. 1598 E. Guilpin Skialetheia i. sig. C3 Tearms of quick Camphire & Salt-peeter phrases. 1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke iii. 177 Camphor. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §30 Brimstone, Pitch, Champhire, Wildfire..make no such fiery wind, as Gunpowder doth. 1629 J. Smith True Trav. v. 8 Campheer, and powder of Brimstone. 1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar iii. xiv. 15 Intemperance..makes a fair estate evaporate like Camphire, turning it into nothing. 1657 W. Coles Adam in Eden cclxxxiv In English camphire, camfire, camphor, and camfer. 1661 R. Boyle New Exper. Physico-mech. (1682) ii. i. 21 Camphire of which a little will fill a room with its odour. 1680 R. Morden Geogr. Rectified (1685) 323 The Canfir of Borneo. 1681 J. Dryden Spanish Fryar i. i. 14 Prescribe her an ounce of Camphire every morning..to abate Incontinency. 1764 C. Churchill Candidate 35 Her loins by the chaste matron Camphire bound. 1781–7 Bp. R. Watson Chem. Ess. (1789) V. 273 Camphor. 1813 H. Davy Elements Agric. Chem. iii. 128 Camphor is used to preserve the collections of naturalists. 1875 C. Darwin Insectivorous Plants ix. 209 Camphor is the only known stimulant for plants. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > other medicinal plants calamint1322 agarica1400 adder's tonguea1425 alyssum1551 camphor1570 makinboy1652 moxa1675 badiaga1753 chaw-stick1756 ispaghul1810 frostwort1814 frostweed1817 bugleweed1822 bitter root1838 Solidago1883 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Fiiiv/1 Campher, herb, camphora. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. ii. sig. Dd5v Rew, and Sauine, and the flowre Of Camphora. 1611 Bible (King James) Song of Sol. i. 14 My beloued is vnto me, as a cluster of Camphire [1885 R.V. henna-flowers] . View more context for this quotation 1633 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures (1663) xxxix. 156 A Tent pitched upon 12 Ballisters of the wood of Camphire. 1684 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 2nd Pt. ii. 194 Here also grew Camphire, with Spicknard, and Saffron. View more context for this quotation Compounds C1. Generalattributive. camphor ball n. ΚΠ 1592 R. Greene Quip for Vpstart Courtier sig. D3v Being curiously washte with no woorse than a camphier ball. ΚΠ 1620 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Phylaster ii. 17 Such Campher Constitutions as this. camphor julep n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > distilled drink > cocktail > [noun] > other cocktails balderdash1611 twist1699 Coke-upon-Littleton1740 julep1787 camphor julep1788 switchel1790 sling1792 mint sling1804 mint julep1809 swizzle1813 smash1850 rattlesnake1862 sour1862 Collins1865 John Collins1865 split1882 rickey1893 Picon punch1900 stinger1901 Bronx1906 Jack Rose1912 Pimm's1912 orange blossom1919 Americano1928 Merry Widow1930 snowball1930 atomic cocktail1941 Sazarac cocktail1941 grasshopper1949 Bellini1955 saketini1959 wallbanger1970 caipirinha1973 Long Island ice tea1978 Alabama slammer1980 Long Island iced tea1981 1788 F. Burney Diary 5 Nov. (1842) IV. 186 I gave her some camphor julep. 1835 C. Dickens Let. ?Aug. (1965) I. 73 I hope you are well and have taken some Camphor Julep. camphor oil n. ΚΠ 1836 Penny Cycl. VI. 204 In that part of the stem [of Dryobalanops Camphora] which should be occupied by the pith it [Borneo camphor] is found along with camphor-oil. camphor pill n. camphor posset n. ΚΠ 1671 A. Behn Amorous Prince iv. iv. 62 To do penance In Champhire Posset, this month. camphor tree n. (see 2.) ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular timber trees or shrubs > [noun] > characterized by fragrant wood > camphor tree camphor tree1876 camphor-wood1923 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 577 The leopard..delighteth in the Camphorey tree. 1876 J. Harley Royle's Man. Materia Med. (ed. 6) 451 The Camphor Tree is a large and handsome tree with evergreen shining leaves. C2. camphor-chest n. a clothes-chest containing camphor as a protection against moths. ΚΠ 1861 H. B. Stowe Pearl of Orr's Island i. viii. 59 That ar shawl your mother keeps in her camfire chist. 1889 R. T. Cooke Steadfast v. 59 Mrs. Dennis was packing away blankets in the camphor chest upstairs. camphor ice n. U.S. a solid preparation of camphor. ΚΠ 1880 A. A. Hayes New Colorado xv. 197 In the alkali regions, glycerine, or what is called ‘camphor ice’, should be used on face and hands. camphor laurel n. Australian (see quots.). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > Australasian trees > [noun] > other Australasian trees or shrubs burrawang1826 water gum1826 kaikomako1832 karaka1834 kawa-kawa1838 peppermint1838 bottle tree1844 ngaio1849 Grevillea1853 red birch1853 wooden pear1860 muskwood1866 sugar-tree1866 tulip-tree1866 hop-bush1883 mock orange1884 mountain beech1884 sage tree1884 tile-seed1884 mutton-bird scrub1889 red birch1889 silver-tree1889 whalebone-tree1889 budda1890 camphor laurel1894 pepperbush1895 mustard bush1898 willow myrtle1898 pigeon wood1899 horizontal scrub1909 turkey-bush1911 pandani1923 mock orange1929 1894 Proc. Royal Soc. Queensland 11 23 The identity of the camphor of Cinnamomum oliveri with that of Camphor Laurel was proved by me. 1897 R. T. Baker in Proc. Linn. Soc. New S. Wales XXII. 282 Cinnamomum virens, sp. nov. ‘Wild Camphor Laurel’. 1932 R. H. Anderson Trees New S. Wales 50 Camphor Laurel (Cinnamomum camphora). A handsome, dense-topped tree. 1932 R. H. Anderson Trees New S. Wales 127 Cinnamomum virens is sometimes known as the Native Camphor Laurel. camphor-trunk n. U.S. ΚΠ 1869 H. B. Stowe Oldtown Folks 34 Mrs. Major had a real Ingy shawl up in her ‘camphire’ trunk. 1895 Cent. Mag. July 323/2 Cedar-chest and camphor-trunk and flowered bandbox have been called upon to disgorge their treasures. camphor-wood n. the popular name for several trees (including preceding) of the families Dipterocarpaceæ and Lauraceæ, or the wood from these trees, which is fragrant. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular timber trees or shrubs > [noun] > characterized by fragrant wood > camphor tree camphor tree1876 camphor-wood1923 1923 W. Dallimore & A. B. Jackson Handbk. Coniferæ ii. 173 Callitris verrucosa, R. Brown. Turpentine Pine..Camphor Wood; Rock Pine. 1950 C. W. Bond Colonial Timbers 55 In spite of its hardness Borneo camphorwood is pleasant to work. 1950 C. W. Bond Colonial Timbers 63 East African camphorwood is interesting. 1955 World Timbers (Timber Development Assoc.) II. 9 Borneo Camphorwood [Dryobalanops aromatica] should not be confused with East African Camphorwood (Ocotea usambarensis)..nor with true camphorwood (Cinnamomum camphora). 1965 Austral. Encycl. II. 247/2 Camphorwood is the name standardized in the timber trade for the indigenous C[innamomum] oliveri. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online June 2022). camphorv. rare. transitive. To impregnate or wash with camphor; to camphorate. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > perform general or industrial manufacturing processes [verb (transitive)] > treat or impregnate with specific substance sig1581 camphor1607 water1625 lixiviate1646 camphorate1651 lantifya1652 camphorize1736 liquor1743 bituminate1799 methylate1851 salt1857 poach1873 resinate1891 vaseline1891 1607 T. Middleton Revengers Trag. iii. sig. Fv Dos euery proud and selfe-affecting Dame Camphire her face for this? Derivatives ˈcamphored adj. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [adjective] > treated with camphor camphored1562 camphoratea1691 camphorized1736 camphorated1744 1562 P. Whitehorne Certain Waies Orderyng Souldiers f. 28v, in tr. N. Machiavelli Arte of Warre Some moist it..with camphored aqua vitae. 1696 T. Tryon Misc. 2 Camfired Spirit. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 101. ⁋5 Wash-Balls Perfumed, Camphired, and Plain, shall restore Complexions. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online June 2020). < n.1313v.1562 |
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