adstratumn.
/ˈadˌstrɑːtəm/, /ˈadˌstreɪtəm/, /ˌadˈstrɑːtəm/, /ˌadˈstreɪtəm/, U.S. /ˈædˌstreɪdəm/, /ˈædˌstrɑdəm/, /ˈædˌstrædəm/ Linguistics.
Those elements or features of a language responsible for change in a contact language to which it is neither dominant nor subordinate; this process, influence, or effect. Also: a language which has influenced another in this way; a set of linguistic forms resulting from this process.Cf. substratum n. 5a, superstratum n. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > [noun] > linguistic change > specific features or processes involved in
analogy1569
deflection1603
epenthesis1656
sandhi1806
relic1835
anamorphosis1862
metanalysis1914
drift1921
adstratum1939
grammaticalization1955
relexification1962
1939 J. Whatmough in Rep. 5th Congrès International des Linguistes 48 ‘Superstratum’ (and, if I understand it aright ‘adstratum’) are not exposed to the same dangers as the ‘substratum’ theory.
1947 Mod. Lang. Rev. 42 385 Equally neo-linguistic in inspiration is his distinction..between ‘substratum’, ‘superstratum’ (Germanic influence on Italian) and ‘adstratum’ (Flemish influence on Walloon), to which he adds later..an ‘archistratum or cultural adstratum’.
1976 W. F. H. Nicolaisen Sc. Place-names vi. 84 The place-names created by a certain language form an adstratum to English names in one place, a superstratum in another, and a substratum in most places.
1997 P. H. Matthews Conc. Oxf. Dict. Linguistics 9 In the modern period French has been an adstratum in the development of English.
2006 Slavonic & East European Rev. 84 306 Divorced..from a possible Church Slavonic adstratum, the Ruthenian text reveals characteristic features of the vernacular.
Compounds
General attributive, as adstratum effect, adstratum phenomenon, etc.
ΚΠ
1948 Lingua 1 219 [We] have to take into account the possibility of substratum, superstratum, adstratum phenomena.
1954 Word 10 395 Diachronic dialectology deals..with convergence, i.e. it studies partial similarities increasing at the expense of differences (traditionally, substratum and adstratum studies..and the like).
1972 R. Anttila Introd. Hist. & Compar. Ling. xiii. 171 The various kinds of borrowing, that is, vocabulary, adstratum phonetics, and syntax, have led to the notion of a mixed language.
1997 K. Flikeid in A. Valdman French & Creole in Louisiana x. 283 The Maritime Acadian situation is relatively simpler because in the majority of communities there has not been the same extensive adstratum effect over the past 200 years.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.1939