Capitoliumn.

Brit.

/ˌkapᵻˈtəʊlɪəm/, U.S.

/ˌkæpəˈtoʊliəm/

Inflections: Plural Capitolia, (rare) Capitoliums.

Forms: Old English Capitoliam, Old English– Capitolium.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Capitōlium.

Etymology: < classical Latin Capitōlium Capitol n.

Chiefly Ancient History.

Originally: = Capitol n. 1. Later also (frequently with lower-case initial): any of a number of temples dedicated to the Capitoline triad (see Capitoline adj. and n. Compounds), built on hills or other prominent areas in many cities in Italy and the Roman Empire.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > fort or fortified town > [noun] > citadel

CapitoliumeOE

rockc1384

Capitola1387

citadel1542

acropolis1570

Kremlin1662

eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) ii. vi. 49 Ealle heora þeowas wið þa hlafordas winnende wæron & hie benomam [OE Tiber. benamon] heora heafodstedes þæt hie Capitoliam [L. Capitolium] heton.

eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) vi. xiv. 142 Æfter an þunor toslog hiora Capitoliam [OE Tiber. capitolium; L. capitolium], þæt hus þe hiora godas inne wæron & hiora diofolgield.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1871) III. 159 He bulde a temple to Iubiter in the hille Carpelus, and for þey founde a mannis hede in þat place while þey digged, þei cleped þat place Capitolium.

1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus ii. f. 16 A gouse wyth cryinge saued theyr Capitolium.

1561 T. Hoby tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer iii. sig. Ee.iiii^v A woman betrayed Roome, & taught the ennemies the waye to take the Capitolium, wherby the Romanes were welnight all vndone.

1642 J. Bond Poets Recantation 5 The Capitolium was delivered, and secured from conspirative machinations by the irregular, and tumultous noyse of Geese, that frequented there.

1738 J. Anderson New Bk. Constit. Free & Accepted Masons 52 This Grand Master [sc. Michelangelo]..erected the new Capitolium, the Palace of Farnese, and other accurate Structures.

1796 Eng. Rev. Jan. 14 The beautiful capitolium, as well as the remains of the superb ampitheatre, concur in evincing..the power and grandeur, of the city Pompeii.

1827 F. A. Walter tr. B. G. Niebuhr Rom. Hist. I. xxv. 325 The joint worship of the three Gods to whom the Capitolium was dedicated, is Etruscan.

1880 L. Wallace Ben-Hur ii. v. 111 Daedalus..so transformed sculpture as to make possible the schools of Corinth and Aegina and their ultimate triumphs the Poecile and Capitolium.

1922 H. S. Jones in F. S. Marvin Western Races & World iv. 98 The most notable remains of these Capitolia are to be seen in North Africa.

1959 Antiq. 33 298 M. Grenier has..had to limit himself to certain classes of monuments and has chosen capitoliums, forums, temples and basilicas.

2003 B. Severy Augustus & Family vii. 171 Like the Capitolium, the Temple of Mars the Avenger held three cult statues.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	capitolium
释义	Capitoliumn. Brit. /ˌkapᵻˈtəʊlɪəm/, U.S. /ˌkæpəˈtoʊliəm/ Inflections: Plural Capitolia, (rare) Capitoliums. Forms: Old English Capitoliam, Old English– Capitolium. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Capitōlium. Etymology: < classical Latin Capitōlium Capitol n. Chiefly Ancient History. Originally: = Capitol n. 1. Later also (frequently with lower-case initial): any of a number of temples dedicated to the Capitoline triad (see Capitoline adj. and n. Compounds), built on hills or other prominent areas in many cities in Italy and the Roman Empire. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > fort or fortified town > [noun] > citadel CapitoliumeOE rockc1384 Capitola1387 citadel1542 acropolis1570 Kremlin1662 eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) ii. vi. 49 Ealle heora þeowas wið þa hlafordas winnende wæron & hie benomam [OE Tiber. benamon] heora heafodstedes þæt hie Capitoliam [L. Capitolium] heton. eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) vi. xiv. 142 Æfter an þunor toslog hiora Capitoliam [OE Tiber. capitolium; L. capitolium], þæt hus þe hiora godas inne wæron & hiora diofolgield. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1871) III. 159 He bulde a temple to Iubiter in the hille Carpelus, and for þey founde a mannis hede in þat place while þey digged, þei cleped þat place Capitolium. 1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus ii. f. 16 A gouse wyth cryinge saued theyr Capitolium. 1561 T. Hoby tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer iii. sig. Ee.iiii^v A woman betrayed Roome, & taught the ennemies the waye to take the Capitolium, wherby the Romanes were welnight all vndone. 1642 J. Bond Poets Recantation 5 The Capitolium was delivered, and secured from conspirative machinations by the irregular, and tumultous noyse of Geese, that frequented there. 1738 J. Anderson New Bk. Constit. Free & Accepted Masons 52 This Grand Master [sc. Michelangelo]..erected the new Capitolium, the Palace of Farnese, and other accurate Structures. 1796 Eng. Rev. Jan. 14 The beautiful capitolium, as well as the remains of the superb ampitheatre, concur in evincing..the power and grandeur, of the city Pompeii. 1827 F. A. Walter tr. B. G. Niebuhr Rom. Hist. I. xxv. 325 The joint worship of the three Gods to whom the Capitolium was dedicated, is Etruscan. 1880 L. Wallace Ben-Hur ii. v. 111 Daedalus..so transformed sculpture as to make possible the schools of Corinth and Aegina and their ultimate triumphs the Poecile and Capitolium. 1922 H. S. Jones in F. S. Marvin Western Races & World iv. 98 The most notable remains of these Capitolia are to be seen in North Africa. 1959 Antiq. 33 298 M. Grenier has..had to limit himself to certain classes of monuments and has chosen capitoliums, forums, temples and basilicas. 2003 B. Severy Augustus & Family vii. 171 Like the Capitolium, the Temple of Mars the Avenger held three cult statues. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.eOE
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