capital sinn.

Brit.

/ˌkapᵻtl ˈsɪn/, U.S.

/ˌkæpədl ˈsɪn/

Forms: see capital adj. and n.² and sin n.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; perhaps modelled on a Latin lexical item, or perhaps modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: capital adj., sin n.

Etymology: < capital adj. + sin n., after any or all of the following: post-classical Latin capitale peccatum (4th cent.), vitium capitale (6th cent.; already in classical Latin in secular sense) or Middle French vice capital (late 13th cent. in Old French; French vice capital), Anglo-Norman pecché capital (second half of the 13th cent. or earlier; French péché capital).

1. Theology. In scholastic thought, and traditional Christian moral theology originating from this: each of the seven major categories of transgression (sometimes also called the deadly sins or cardinal sins), understood as being the root of all other sins; a sin belonging to one of these categories. Hence also: any major sin. Cf. capital adj. 6a, capital vice n. at capital adj. and n.² Compounds 1b.The capital sins (or vices) are usually enumerated as pride, avarice, lust, envy, gluttony, anger, and sloth, understood as types of sin, irrespective of the gravity of their commission in any particular case.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > sin > kinds of sin > [noun] > mortal

head sinOE

capital vicec1522

capital sin1550

scapea1592

cardinal sin1603

1550 R. Crowley in Langland's Vision of Pierce Plowman (new ed.) Summary sig. ¶.iv The .vii. capital sinnes besieged Conscience.

a1602 W. Perkins Cases of Consc. (1619) 64 Their great and capitall sins, that stinged and wounded their consciences.

?1698 tr. A. Bourignon Admirable Treat. Solid Virtue xx. 169 This Negligence is accounted among capital sins, and ought to be called Mortal, since it causes Death to the Soul.

1741 S. Richardson Lett. Particular Friends clxxii. 269 His Morals were still untainted, and he was not cut off in the Pursuit of some capital Sin.

1852 T. J. Vaiden Rational Relig. & Morals 34 The world then has to combat most effectually the capital sins of pride, envy, anger, voluptuousness, avarice, idleness, gluttony, ambition, if it seek that happiness of mind that best insures the happiness of soul.

1896 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 2 103 Not only does unbelief become the capital sin and belief the capital virtue, but even thumbscrew and stake, ban and outlawry will be used to crush out heresy.

1959 Yale French Stud. No. 23. 57 Pride not licentiousness is the capital sin for Marguerite de Navarre.

2003 Gazette (Montreal) (Nexis) 16 Mar. a19 He wrote that the capital sin of gluttony was mistranslated.

2. figurative or hyperbolical. A major fault or error, a ‘cardinal sin’ (see cardinal sin n. 2). Cf. capital adj. 4.

ΚΠ

1653 J. Ford Queen iv. sig. E1 Every man is blind (my lord) in his own happiness, there's the curse of our mortality. She was the very tale of the world: Her perfections busied all tongues... Whose full fruition you (and 'twas your capital sin) most inhumanly abandoned.

1751 Earl of Orrery Remarks Swift (1752) ix. 104 A bad rhyme appeared to him one of the capital sins in poetry.

1814 M. Edgeworth Patronage II. xxii. 274 He maintained, that no man can speak with ease, and security, in public, till custom has brought him to feel it as a moral impossibility, that..he could be convicted of any capital sin against grammar.

1882 Jrnl. Amer. Geogr. Soc. N.Y. 14 100 A capital sin of omission to the north is the great dyke so conspicuous near Tamieh.

1981 Chem. Week (Nexis) 4 Mar. 3 It wastes financial and intellectual resources—and easily qualifies as a capital sin of industrial management.

2006 H. U. Gumbrecht In Praise of Athletic Beauty iv. 211 For Brecht, this other, Aristotelian spectator embodies what he considers to be the capital sin against intellectual alertness, that is, the desire to identify with heroes on the stage.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	capital sin
释义	capital sinn. Brit. /ˌkapᵻtl ˈsɪn/, U.S. /ˌkæpədl ˈsɪn/ Forms: see capital adj. and n.² and sin n. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; perhaps modelled on a Latin lexical item, or perhaps modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: capital adj., sin n. Etymology: < capital adj. + sin n., after any or all of the following: post-classical Latin capitale peccatum (4th cent.), vitium capitale (6th cent.; already in classical Latin in secular sense) or Middle French vice capital (late 13th cent. in Old French; French vice capital), Anglo-Norman pecché capital (second half of the 13th cent. or earlier; French péché capital). 1. Theology. In scholastic thought, and traditional Christian moral theology originating from this: each of the seven major categories of transgression (sometimes also called the deadly sins or cardinal sins), understood as being the root of all other sins; a sin belonging to one of these categories. Hence also: any major sin. Cf. capital adj. 6a, capital vice n. at capital adj. and n.² Compounds 1b.The capital sins (or vices) are usually enumerated as pride, avarice, lust, envy, gluttony, anger, and sloth, understood as types of sin, irrespective of the gravity of their commission in any particular case. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > sin > kinds of sin > [noun] > mortal head sinOE capital vicec1522 capital sin1550 scapea1592 cardinal sin1603 1550 R. Crowley in Langland's Vision of Pierce Plowman (new ed.) Summary sig. ¶.iv The .vii. capital sinnes besieged Conscience. a1602 W. Perkins Cases of Consc. (1619) 64 Their great and capitall sins, that stinged and wounded their consciences. ?1698 tr. A. Bourignon Admirable Treat. Solid Virtue xx. 169 This Negligence is accounted among capital sins, and ought to be called Mortal, since it causes Death to the Soul. 1741 S. Richardson Lett. Particular Friends clxxii. 269 His Morals were still untainted, and he was not cut off in the Pursuit of some capital Sin. 1852 T. J. Vaiden Rational Relig. & Morals 34 The world then has to combat most effectually the capital sins of pride, envy, anger, voluptuousness, avarice, idleness, gluttony, ambition, if it seek that happiness of mind that best insures the happiness of soul. 1896 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 2 103 Not only does unbelief become the capital sin and belief the capital virtue, but even thumbscrew and stake, ban and outlawry will be used to crush out heresy. 1959 Yale French Stud. No. 23. 57 Pride not licentiousness is the capital sin for Marguerite de Navarre. 2003 Gazette (Montreal) (Nexis) 16 Mar. a19 He wrote that the capital sin of gluttony was mistranslated. 2. figurative or hyperbolical. A major fault or error, a ‘cardinal sin’ (see cardinal sin n. 2). Cf. capital adj. 4. ΚΠ 1653 J. Ford Queen iv. sig. E1 Every man is blind (my lord) in his own happiness, there's the curse of our mortality. She was the very tale of the world: Her perfections busied all tongues... Whose full fruition you (and 'twas your capital sin) most inhumanly abandoned. 1751 Earl of Orrery Remarks Swift (1752) ix. 104 A bad rhyme appeared to him one of the capital sins in poetry. 1814 M. Edgeworth Patronage II. xxii. 274 He maintained, that no man can speak with ease, and security, in public, till custom has brought him to feel it as a moral impossibility, that..he could be convicted of any capital sin against grammar. 1882 Jrnl. Amer. Geogr. Soc. N.Y. 14 100 A capital sin of omission to the north is the great dyke so conspicuous near Tamieh. 1981 Chem. Week (Nexis) 4 Mar. 3 It wastes financial and intellectual resources—and easily qualifies as a capital sin of industrial management. 2006 H. U. Gumbrecht In Praise of Athletic Beauty iv. 211 For Brecht, this other, Aristotelian spectator embodies what he considers to be the capital sin against intellectual alertness, that is, the desire to identify with heroes on the stage. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1550
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