carbonizedadj.

1800 R. Jameson Mineral. Sc. Isles 87 In the coal I saw several pieces of carbonated wood, which could not possibly be distinguished from pieces of common carbonised fir.

1811 J. Pinkerton Petralogy II. 514 Fossile beds of a light marl, which contains leaves..whose fibres are in the most beautiful preservation, but whose parenchyme is black and carbonised.

1863 Q. Rev. 380 In the Lake of Constance..have been found..carbonised wheat, grains of barley, etc.

1892 Sci. Amer. 6 Feb. 84/3 Washing..follows, by which the chloride is removed and the residue of carbonized matter washed away.

1922 J. Joyce Ulysses iii. xvii. [Ithaca] 670 The carbonised remains of an incendiated edifice.

1952 W. J. Miller Introd. Hist. Geol. (ed. 6) iii. 14 (caption) A carbonized fossil fern frond on a piece of Late Paleozoic shale.

1970 J. Blish Spock must Die! xii. 92 Kirk had expected to see nothing but a shrunken and carbonized corpse.

1991 R. Goldring Fossils in Field iv. 65 It may then be possible, if they are not too carbonized, to lift off the cuticles and prepare them in the laboratory.

2000 A. Bourdain Kitchen Confid. (2001) 80 If you like scorched sauces, carbonized chicken, pasta that sticks to the bottom of the pot,..then be my guest.

1800 tr. F. A. C. Gren Princ. Mod. Chem. II. viii. 86 The above inflammable kind of gas has been named carbonized oily hydrogen gas.

1808 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 98 285 Carbonized hydrogen, from Stagnant water.

1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 330 The production of the most highly carbonized iron.

1852 Times 27 Jan. 4/6 The lungs were also much gorged with carbonised blood.

1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) III. 899 Steel so produced being more carbonized on the surface than at the centre of the bar.

1922 T. M. Lowry Inorg. Chem. xli. 767 An analogous process in which the surface only of the metal is carbonised is known as case-hardening.

1991 FT Energy Newslett. (Energy Economist) (Nexis) 1 Oct. 15 Pure water will be available in either still or carbonised varieties.

2001 N.Y. Times Mag. 5 Aug. 34/2 A piece of carbonized steel like that which might clad a rocket fuel tank.

1850 Manch. Courier 16 Feb. 9/1 The types act upon carbonised paper, under which is placed a sheet of white paper.

1867 Edinb. Evening Courant 21 Aug. 7/1 A type-writing machine... The letters are brought in contact with carbonised paper.

1883 Daily News 19 Sept. 7/1 To keep an account of the sales and receipts..and, by means of carbonised papers, to make duplicate copies.

1913 A. A. Potter Farm Motors (ed. 2) v. 118 Other causes of faulty ignition are due..to carbonized or broken spark points.

1958 Amer. Midland Naturalist 59 59 A light aluminum lever which recorded movements of the grasshopper on carbonized paper fastened to the drum of a..kymograph.

1997 Nation (N.Y.) (Nexis) 26 May 35 In the background low talk about carbonized spark plugs and the oil-burning rate of engines, all around the muscular odor of cars.