carbonizev.

Brit.

/ˈkɑːbənʌɪz/,

/ˈkɑːbn̩ʌɪz/, U.S.

/ˈkɑrbəˌnaɪz/

Forms: 1700s– carbonize, 1800s– carbonise.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: carbon n., -ize suffix.

Etymology: < carbon n. + -ize suffix. Compare French carboniser (1797 or earlier). Compare slightly earlier carbonizable adj.

a. transitive. To convert into carbon, charcoal, or coke; to reduce to (mere) carbon. Also intransitive: to become converted to carbon, to char.In quot. 1958 figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > burn or consume by fire [verb (transitive)] > to carbon

charka1661

char1686

carbonize1798

carbonate1799

carbonify1801

1798 Jrnl. Nat. Philos. June 101 (heading) Processes for carbonizing a Volatile Oil.

1806 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 96 131 Caoutchouc and elastic bitumen were only superficially carbonized by the sulphuric acid.

1807 Jrnl. Nat. Philos. Oct. 88 The precipitate put on a hot iron began by carbonizing, and left some ashes, which dissolved with effervescence in nitric acid.

1816 Monthly Mag. Nov. 298/2 We can carbonize that precious gem [sc. diamond], and prove it to be charcoal.

1870 F. L. Pope Electr. Telegr. (1872) iv. 44 A flash of..electricity frequently carbonizes the paper between the plates.

1933 S. W. Cole Pract. Physiol. Chem. (ed. 9) ix. 222 Cautiously heat with a Bunsen burner until the organic matter has been carbonised.

1947 D. N. Davies in P. I. Smith Pract. Plastics viii. 98/1 When coal is carbonized in gas retorts and coke ovens it yields three main products: gas, coke and tar.

1958 M. Cowley Let. 9 Feb. in Sel. Corr. K. Burke & M. Cowley (1988) 330 It was seeing a civilization stopped and carbonized in full flight.

1992 RS Components: Electronic & Electr. Products July–Oct. 385/2 A silicone thermosetting adhesive which will not carbonise at elevated temperatures.

2002 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 27 Feb. b1/4 I'm not interested in carbonizing the surface of the meat. To me that ruins the flavor.

b. transitive. To destroy vegetable impurities in (wool) by treatment with an acid followed by heating, which reduces cellulose to carbon dust.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > treating or processing textile materials > treating or processing wool > treat or process wool [verb (transitive)] > other

seam1511

burl1650

pluck1695

trend1777

plank1839

carbonize1893

1893 Davenport (Iowa) Daily Leader 17 Nov. 2/3 The process of carbonizing wool is one to which special attention has been given in Germany.

1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) §361 Piece carboniser; carbonises woollen fabrics in the piece.

1969 Jrnl. Cell Biol. 42 319/1 We used wool that had been carbonized, a process used industrially to purify wool by selective charring of the cellulose.

1998 Sydney Morning Herald (Nexis) 10 Aug. 33 The handful of Australian processors commissioned..to scour and carbonise 35,000 bales of stockpile dregs.

2. transitive. Chiefly Metallurgy. To cause to react with carbon; to carburize. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > chemical processes or reactions > [verb (transitive)] > carbonization

carbonate1805

carbonize1813

carburize1839

carburet1851

1808 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 98 285 Carbonized hydrogen, from Stagnant water.]

1813 Emporium Arts & Sci. (Philadelphia) Aug. 202 Sufficient [fuel] both to keep up the necessary degree of heat as well as to carbonize the metal.

1899 Science 5 May 654/2 To deoxidize and carbonize iron.

1914 A. A. Dowd Machining Tapered & Spherical Surfaces (‘Machinery’ Ref. Bk. No. 121) ii. 38 The generating bar B is a 0.40 carbon steel forging, and the piloted end is carbonized, hardened and ground to a running fit in the bushing.

1936 R. S. Glasgow Princ. Radio Engin. vi. 124 A recent improvement in thoriated filaments is to carbonize the surface of the tungsten. This can be done by heating the filament above 1600°K. in a hydrocarbon vapor at low pressure.

3. transitive. To cover with a deposit or layer of carbon, lampblack, etc. rare.

ΚΠ

1888 N.E.D. (at cited word) Carbonize... 3. To cover with charcoal, lamp black, etc.

2000 Lapidary Jrnl. June 54/1 You need to soot (carbonize) the casting surfaces of your mold to make it easy to release the finished casting.

Derivatives

ˈcarbonizing n. and adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > making charcoal or coke > [noun]

coaling1542

charking1655

coking1791

charring1802

carbonizing1804

1804 Repertory of Arts 2nd Ser. 5 173 The above principle of carbonization, can be applied, first, to heat any vessel, &c. by the construction of such a carbonizing utensil.

1815 J. Nightingale London & Middlesex III. 184 Here they have also a station for carbonizing of coal, as at the east and west end of the town.

1858 Jrnl. Soc. Arts 7 May 382/1 The metallic portion becomes..acted upon by..the highly-carbonising gases which it meets in the lower region of the furnace.

1867 Morning Star 7 Aug. 5 The men employed in the carbonising departments in the gas factories.

1920 Glasgow Herald 6 July 7 Australian wool... There will be a considerable surplus of low and medium cross-breds and carbonising wool.

1955 Times 5 July 5/1 The carbonizing industries had been allocated 3,000,000 tons more than dispatches in the summer of last year. This should produce nearly 1,500,000 tons more coke.

1964 Times Rev. Industry Mar. 45/1 Carbonising has become the almost universally recognised method of burr removal.

1989 A. C. Davies Sci. & Pract. Welding (ed. 9) I. i. 48 If too little oxygen is supplied, combustion is incomplete and carbon is set free. This is known as a carbonizing or carburizing flame.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	carbonize
释义	carbonizev. Brit. /ˈkɑːbənʌɪz/, /ˈkɑːbn̩ʌɪz/, U.S. /ˈkɑrbəˌnaɪz/ Forms: 1700s– carbonize, 1800s– carbonise. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: carbon n., -ize suffix. Etymology: < carbon n. + -ize suffix. Compare French carboniser (1797 or earlier). Compare slightly earlier carbonizable adj. 1. a. transitive. To convert into carbon, charcoal, or coke; to reduce to (mere) carbon. Also intransitive: to become converted to carbon, to char.In quot. 1958 figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > burn or consume by fire [verb (transitive)] > to carbon charka1661 char1686 carbonize1798 carbonate1799 carbonify1801 1798 Jrnl. Nat. Philos. June 101 (heading) Processes for carbonizing a Volatile Oil. 1806 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 96 131 Caoutchouc and elastic bitumen were only superficially carbonized by the sulphuric acid. 1807 Jrnl. Nat. Philos. Oct. 88 The precipitate put on a hot iron began by carbonizing, and left some ashes, which dissolved with effervescence in nitric acid. 1816 Monthly Mag. Nov. 298/2 We can carbonize that precious gem [sc. diamond], and prove it to be charcoal. 1870 F. L. Pope Electr. Telegr. (1872) iv. 44 A flash of..electricity frequently carbonizes the paper between the plates. 1933 S. W. Cole Pract. Physiol. Chem. (ed. 9) ix. 222 Cautiously heat with a Bunsen burner until the organic matter has been carbonised. 1947 D. N. Davies in P. I. Smith Pract. Plastics viii. 98/1 When coal is carbonized in gas retorts and coke ovens it yields three main products: gas, coke and tar. 1958 M. Cowley Let. 9 Feb. in Sel. Corr. K. Burke & M. Cowley (1988) 330 It was seeing a civilization stopped and carbonized in full flight. 1992 RS Components: Electronic & Electr. Products July–Oct. 385/2 A silicone thermosetting adhesive which will not carbonise at elevated temperatures. 2002 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 27 Feb. b1/4 I'm not interested in carbonizing the surface of the meat. To me that ruins the flavor. b. transitive. To destroy vegetable impurities in (wool) by treatment with an acid followed by heating, which reduces cellulose to carbon dust. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > treating or processing textile materials > treating or processing wool > treat or process wool [verb (transitive)] > other seam1511 burl1650 pluck1695 trend1777 plank1839 carbonize1893 1893 Davenport (Iowa) Daily Leader 17 Nov. 2/3 The process of carbonizing wool is one to which special attention has been given in Germany. 1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) §361 Piece carboniser; carbonises woollen fabrics in the piece. 1969 Jrnl. Cell Biol. 42 319/1 We used wool that had been carbonized, a process used industrially to purify wool by selective charring of the cellulose. 1998 Sydney Morning Herald (Nexis) 10 Aug. 33 The handful of Australian processors commissioned..to scour and carbonise 35,000 bales of stockpile dregs. 2. transitive. Chiefly Metallurgy. To cause to react with carbon; to carburize. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > chemical processes or reactions > [verb (transitive)] > carbonization carbonate1805 carbonize1813 carburize1839 carburet1851 1808 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 98 285 Carbonized hydrogen, from Stagnant water.] 1813 Emporium Arts & Sci. (Philadelphia) Aug. 202 Sufficient [fuel] both to keep up the necessary degree of heat as well as to carbonize the metal. 1899 Science 5 May 654/2 To deoxidize and carbonize iron. 1914 A. A. Dowd Machining Tapered & Spherical Surfaces (‘Machinery’ Ref. Bk. No. 121) ii. 38 The generating bar B is a 0.40 carbon steel forging, and the piloted end is carbonized, hardened and ground to a running fit in the bushing. 1936 R. S. Glasgow Princ. Radio Engin. vi. 124 A recent improvement in thoriated filaments is to carbonize the surface of the tungsten. This can be done by heating the filament above 1600°K. in a hydrocarbon vapor at low pressure. 3. transitive. To cover with a deposit or layer of carbon, lampblack, etc. rare. ΚΠ 1888 N.E.D. (at cited word) Carbonize... 3. To cover with charcoal, lamp black, etc. 2000 Lapidary Jrnl. June 54/1 You need to soot (carbonize) the casting surfaces of your mold to make it easy to release the finished casting. Derivatives ˈcarbonizing n. and adj. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > making charcoal or coke > [noun] coaling1542 charking1655 coking1791 charring1802 carbonizing1804 1804 Repertory of Arts 2nd Ser. 5 173 The above principle of carbonization, can be applied, first, to heat any vessel, &c. by the construction of such a carbonizing utensil. 1815 J. Nightingale London & Middlesex III. 184 Here they have also a station for carbonizing of coal, as at the east and west end of the town. 1858 Jrnl. Soc. Arts 7 May 382/1 The metallic portion becomes..acted upon by..the highly-carbonising gases which it meets in the lower region of the furnace. 1867 Morning Star 7 Aug. 5 The men employed in the carbonising departments in the gas factories. 1920 Glasgow Herald 6 July 7 Australian wool... There will be a considerable surplus of low and medium cross-breds and carbonising wool. 1955 Times 5 July 5/1 The carbonizing industries had been allocated 3,000,000 tons more than dispatches in the summer of last year. This should produce nearly 1,500,000 tons more coke. 1964 Times Rev. Industry Mar. 45/1 Carbonising has become the almost universally recognised method of burr removal. 1989 A. C. Davies Sci. & Pract. Welding (ed. 9) I. i. 48 If too little oxygen is supplied, combustion is incomplete and carbon is set free. This is known as a carbonizing or carburizing flame. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < v.1798
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