单词 | carbonite |
释义 | carboniten. 1. Geology. A natural coke-like material, typically formed by the action of igneous intrusions on bituminous coal deposits. Now rare. ΚΠ 1810 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 3) I. App. ii. iv. 398 The truth is, that the coal which is often found thus free, or nearly so from bitumen, is the natural carbonite, or carbonic substance, which occurs elsewhere, as well as in basaltic countries. 1874 Harper's Mag. May 902/2 A new fuel, termed ‘carbonite’, is at present much spoken of. it is a natural product, found in the bituminous coal-fields of Central Virginia. 1889 Times 26 June 7/4 Carbonite value £1,124. 1938 Thorpe's Dict. Appl. Chem. (ed. 4) II. 357/1 Carbonite, or natural coke. A coke-like material formed by the baking action of intrusive igneous rock-masses on seams of bituminous coal. 2004 Fuel Processing Technol. 85 1664 Three kinds of Chinese coals were used in this study. These include one natural coke or carbonite from Huaibei coal mine. 2. Chemistry. A salt or ester of an oxyacid in which carbon is divalent or supposedly so; spec. a salt of an anion CO22−. Also (in non-technical use): a basic carbonate (of lead, copper, etc.).In some instances perhaps confused with, or a typographical error for, carbonate n. ΚΠ 1830 G. Crabb Dict. Gen. Knowl. 49/1 Barolite, a stone of the ponderous order, called also the carbonite of barytes. 1892 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 186 76 (table) Bromal or carbonite of bromoforme. 1906 Amer. Anthropologist 8 101 The colors are for the greater part red and white, the former being hematite and the latter carbonite of lead. 1920 Jrnl. Physical Chem. 24 82 The familiar action of carbon monoxide on potassium hydroxide, which might be expected to form potassium carbonite, gives instead potassium formate. 1937 Chem. Rev. 20 459 Wood..records the failure to prepare potassium ethyl carbonite, C(OC2H5)OK, by treating ethyl formate with potassium amide in liquid ammonia. 1996 Catalysis Today 27 379/1 CO can also interact with basic O2− sites to lead..to the formation of surface ‘carbonite’ CO22− ions. 2007 Times (Nexis) 17 Nov. (Mag.) 59 Green eye paint was derived from malachite, a carbonite of copper. 3. Any of a number of explosives based on a mixture of components including nitrated organic compounds and sulphur. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > explosive material > [noun] > other specific explosives powdera1393 gunpowder1411 saltpetre1501 petre1586 halinitre1608 sal-prunella1664 petre-salt1708 xyloidin1838 gun-cotton1846 pyroxyle1847 pyroxylin1847 pyroglycerin1850 xylidine1850 nitroglycerine1852 gun-sawdust1853 picrate1854 trinitroglycerin1864 nitroleum1866 trinitrin1866 dynamite1867 giant-powder1872 dualin1874 fulgurite1874 rendrock1874 glyoxilin1875 lithofracteur1875 trinitro-cellulose1875 white gunpowder1875 gelatin1878 cotton-powder1879 vigorite1879 blasting gelatine1881 Hercules powder1881 saxifragine1881 tonite1881 dynamogen1882 forcite1883 haloxylin1883 jelly powdera1884 nitro-gelatinea1884 panclastite1883 potentite1883 sebastinea1884 kolloxylin1884 hellhoffite1885 rackarock1885 securite1886 kinetite1887 roburite1887 carbo-dynamite1888 fortis1889 gelatine dynamite1889 gelignite1889 seranine1889 straw-dynamite1889 carbonite1890 amberite1891 nitro powder1892 Schnebelite1893 westfalite1894 thorite1899 soup1902 ammonal1903 cheddite1908 trinitrotoluene1908 Samsonite1909 tolite1909 trinitrotoluol1910 trotyl1910 glyceryl trinitrate1912 T.N.T.1915 nitro1916 amatol1918 cyclonite1923 hexogen1923 lox1923 pentaerythritol tetranitrate1923 hexite1931 aurantia1940 jelly1941 RDX1941 1890 Hornellsville (N.Y.) Weekly Tribune 28 Nov. 10/5 The high explosive carbonite has recently given very satisfactory results. 1891 T. E. Thorpe Dict. Appl. Chem. II. 83/2 Carbonite is an explosive introduced by Hellhoff, of Berlin; stated to be composed of nitrobenzene, potassium nitrate, sulphur, and Kieselguhr. 1910 Encycl. Brit. VIII. 764/1 Carbonite contains 25% of nitroglycerin. 1931 W. Payman & I. C. F. Statham Firedamp Explosions viii. 123 The latter regulation cuts out the old ‘Carbonite’ class of explosives, which..appears to be the one class of explosive capable of causing the ignition of coal dust more rapidly than firedamp. 4. Science Fiction. (The name of) a carbon-based material in which a person can be cryogenically preserved.Introduced in the film ‘Star Wars Episode V: The Empire strikes Back’ (1980). ΚΠ 1980 D. Attias & L. Smith Empire strikes Back Notebk. 107 Threepio: They've encased him in carbonite. He should be quite well-protected—if he survives the freezing process, that is. 1983 Washington Post (Nexis) 22 May g1 Their mission..is to rescue Han Solo, decorating a wall of Jabba's rec room while still suspended in the ‘carbonite’ hibernation where ‘Empire’ left him. 1996 Daily Tel. (Sydney) (Nexis) 8 May The greatest X-Files mystery of all... Why doesn't David Duchovny's face move? It's as if he's been frozen in carbonite. 2002 Michigan Law Rev. 100 1742 Unless you've been frozen in carbonite or are hopelessly gullible, it must have occurred to you..that environmental activists are exaggerating just a bit. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1810 |
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