Calliston.

Brit.

/kəˈlɪstəʊ/, U.S.

/kəˈlɪˌstoʊ/

Forms: 1600s Calisto, 1800s– Callisto.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin Callisto, Callistō.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin Callisto, name given to the satellite by S. Marius ( Mundus Iovialis (1614) sig. B2, and attributed by him to Kepler, in conversation in 1613), specific use of classical Latin Callistō (ancient Greek Καλλιστώ), the name of the daughter of Lycaon, king of Arcadia, who was changed into a she-bear and then into the constellation Ursa Major (the Great Bear).Compare the following earlier example of Calisto used to denote the constellation Ursa Major:1594 T. Blundeville Exercises f. 219 Item the fore part of the great Beare called Vrsa maior, Arctos Eliche, and Calisto.

Astronomy.

(The name of) the outermost, faintest, and second largest of the four Galilean satellites of Jupiter, having a radius of about 1500 miles (2400 km) and a heavily cratered surface.Before the mid 20th cent. more often called Jupiter IV.

ΚΠ

1694 R. Blome tr. A. Le Grand Entire Body Philos. i. 148/2 Jupiter..hath four less Planets, as so many little Moons to be his Companions... Their special names are, the Jovial Saturn, Europa, Ganymedes, Calisto [L. Calisto].

1867 W. Lockyer & J. N. Lockyer tr. A. Guillemin Heavens (ed. 2) ii. i. xvi. 232 Measured from the centre of the planet, the mean distances of these satellites are, of Io, 278,000 miles; of Europa, 443,000; of Ganymede, 707,000; and of Callisto, 1,243,000.

1929 M. Proctor Romance of Planets x. 162 The classical names of Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto..are now generally replaced by the Nos. I, II, III, and IV in the order of their distance from the planet.

1962 Listener 26 July 135/2 There are..no less than twelve satellites [of Jupiter]. Four of these (Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto) are visible with any small telescope.

2013 Sky at Night Apr. 53/1 A small scope will easily show the planet's..four brightest satellites—the Galilean moons, Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	callisto
释义	Calliston. Brit. /kəˈlɪstəʊ/, U.S. /kəˈlɪˌstoʊ/ Forms: 1600s Calisto, 1800s– Callisto. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin Callisto, Callistō. Etymology: < post-classical Latin Callisto, name given to the satellite by S. Marius ( Mundus Iovialis (1614) sig. B2, and attributed by him to Kepler, in conversation in 1613), specific use of classical Latin Callistō (ancient Greek Καλλιστώ), the name of the daughter of Lycaon, king of Arcadia, who was changed into a she-bear and then into the constellation Ursa Major (the Great Bear).Compare the following earlier example of Calisto used to denote the constellation Ursa Major:1594 T. Blundeville Exercises f. 219 Item the fore part of the great Beare called Vrsa maior, Arctos Eliche, and Calisto. Astronomy. (The name of) the outermost, faintest, and second largest of the four Galilean satellites of Jupiter, having a radius of about 1500 miles (2400 km) and a heavily cratered surface.Before the mid 20th cent. more often called Jupiter IV. ΚΠ 1694 R. Blome tr. A. Le Grand Entire Body Philos. i. 148/2 Jupiter..hath four less Planets, as so many little Moons to be his Companions... Their special names are, the Jovial Saturn, Europa, Ganymedes, Calisto [L. Calisto]. 1867 W. Lockyer & J. N. Lockyer tr. A. Guillemin Heavens (ed. 2) ii. i. xvi. 232 Measured from the centre of the planet, the mean distances of these satellites are, of Io, 278,000 miles; of Europa, 443,000; of Ganymede, 707,000; and of Callisto, 1,243,000. 1929 M. Proctor Romance of Planets x. 162 The classical names of Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto..are now generally replaced by the Nos. I, II, III, and IV in the order of their distance from the planet. 1962 Listener 26 July 135/2 There are..no less than twelve satellites [of Jupiter]. Four of these (Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto) are visible with any small telescope. 2013 Sky at Night Apr. 53/1 A small scope will easily show the planet's..four brightest satellites—the Galilean moons, Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1694
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