bywonern.
/ˈbʌɪwəʊnə/, /ˈbʌɪvəʊnə/, U.S. /ˈbaɪˌwoʊnər/, /ˈbaɪˌvoʊnər/, South African English /ˈbeɪvʊənə/ South African.
A poor tenant farmer who lives on the farm of another man to whom he renders certain services (with or without payment in produce or money), being allowed to carry on some farming on his own account. Also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [noun] > tenant farmer
farmerc1430
fee-farmer1468
renter1593
raiyat1625
farm holder1681
sky farmer1763
métayer1776
gebur1861
mezzadro1882
bywoner1886
1886 J. J. Aubertin Six Months in Cape Colony & Natal ix. 235 Then there is what are called the Baywhoner [sic] tribe among the Dutch..that live upon the landowners, their friends.
1889 H. A. Bryden Kloof & Karroo 253 A beiwoner (a sort of sub-farmer on the estate of a richer farmer, who is expected to perform certain duties for the privilege of running his stock).
1901 Daily News 22 Mar. 4/7 Steyn and De Wet and their following of ‘bywoners’.
1916 F. E. Mills Young (title) The Bywonner.
1955 L. G. Green Karoo i. 15 Farmers lived on biltong and brak water, and their bywoners ate dead donkeys.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.1886