byren.¹

/bʌɪə/

Forms: Old English– byre; also 1500s bire, 1500s–1800s byer, 1700s byar.

Etymology: Old English býre , found only in vocabularies and hence of doubtful gender and declension; but perhaps < Old Germanic type *bûrjo(m , derivative of *bûro(m , Old English búr , cottage, dwelling, ‘bower’, < *bū- to dwell: see bower n.¹ Not the same word as Old Norse bý-r, bœ-r, Icelandic bær strong masculine ‘farm house’, etc. (in which the final r is merely the nominative ending < *bûi-z, *bôi-z); although from the same root.

a. A cow-house. Perhaps in Old English times, more generally, ‘a shed’. to muck the byre (Scottish): to take out the dung and cleanse the byre.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping of cattle > [noun] > housing or sheltering of cattle > cattle house

byrea800

shipponc900

neat-house1440

oxhousea1475

fee-house1483

cow-house1530

neatery1647

cow-stable1648

mistal1673

hemel1717

bull-house1808

barn-cellar1842

tie-up1851

cow-shippon1859

bullock-shed1865

cow-shed1886

a800 Corpus Gl. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. 32 Magalia, byre.

c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 185 Magalia, uel capanna, byre, uel sceapheorden.

1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. aii The king faris with his folk our firthis and fellis..With outin beilding of blis of bern or of byre.

1521 in Archæol. XVII. 203 Ther is a bire made for oxen.

1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) III. 420 Bayth hall and chalmer, bakhous, barne and byre.

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Mi^v/2 A Byre, cowhouse, bouile.

1724 A. Ramsay Tea-table Misc. (1733) I. 76 I ha' a good ha' house, a barn and a byer.

a1775 Jacobite Song ‘The mucking o' Geordie's byre.’

a1845 R. H. Barham Blasphemer's Warning in Ingoldsby Legends (1847) 3rd Ser. 225 He had beeves in the byre, he had flocks in the fold.

1850 W. Wordsworth Prelude viii. 208 Long ere heat of noon, From byre or field the kine were brought.

b. Misused (from a mistaken notion as to the etymology) to english the Icelandic bær (Old Norse bœr, býr): ‘A farmyard and buildings, including the farm-house’, called in Scotland a ‘farm-toun’.

ΚΠ

1863 S. Baring-Gould Iceland 137 He set about erecting a byre with a great hall one hundred feet long.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

byre-door n.

byre-dung n.

ΚΠ

1833 Act 3 & 4 William IV xlvi. §3 Stable and byre dung.

byre-loft n.

ΚΠ

1822 T. Bewick Mem. 19 I always took up my abode for the night in the byer-loft.

byre-man n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping of cattle > [noun] > housing or sheltering of cattle > worker in or cleaner of cattle shelter

byre-mucker1790

byre-man1814

byre-woman1820

sharny1825

1814 Edinb. Corresp. 4 June (Jam.) Mr. Heriot's byreman..was found..dreadfully bruised.

byre-woman n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping of cattle > [noun] > housing or sheltering of cattle > worker in or cleaner of cattle shelter

byre-mucker1790

byre-man1814

byre-woman1820

sharny1825

1820 W. Scott Monastery III. iii. 82 There is na ane fit to do a turn but the byre-woman and myself.

C2. General attributive.

byre-mucker n. one who ‘mucks’ or cleanses a byre.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping of cattle > [noun] > housing or sheltering of cattle > worker in or cleaner of cattle shelter

byre-mucker1790

byre-man1814

byre-woman1820

sharny1825

1790 R. Burns Let. 14 July (2003) II. 36 As ill-spelt as Country John's Billet-doux; or as unsightly a scrawl as Betty Byre-mucker's answer to it.

byrewards adv. towards the byre.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping of cattle > [adverb] > towards byre

byrewards1880

1880 Mrs. C. Reade Brown Hand & White I. Prol. 30 The goat and kid now being driven byrewards by a boy.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	byre
释义	byren.¹ /bʌɪə/ Forms: Old English– byre; also 1500s bire, 1500s–1800s byer, 1700s byar. Etymology: Old English býre , found only in vocabularies and hence of doubtful gender and declension; but perhaps < Old Germanic type bûrjo(m , derivative of bûro(m , Old English búr , cottage, dwelling, ‘bower’, < bū- to dwell: see bower n.¹ Not the same word as Old Norse bý-r, bœ-r, Icelandic bær* strong masculine ‘farm house’, etc. (in which the final r is merely the nominative ending < bûi-z, bôi-z); although from the same root. a. A cow-house. Perhaps in Old English times, more generally, ‘a shed’. to muck the byre (Scottish): to take out the dung and cleanse the byre. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping of cattle > [noun] > housing or sheltering of cattle > cattle house byrea800 shipponc900 neat-house1440 oxhousea1475 fee-house1483 cow-house1530 neatery1647 cow-stable1648 mistal1673 hemel1717 bull-house1808 barn-cellar1842 tie-up1851 cow-shippon1859 bullock-shed1865 cow-shed1886 a800 Corpus Gl. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. 32 Magalia, byre. c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 185 Magalia, uel capanna, byre, uel sceapheorden. 1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. aii The king faris with his folk our firthis and fellis..With outin beilding of blis of bern or of byre. 1521 in Archæol. XVII. 203 Ther is a bire made for oxen. 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) III. 420 Bayth hall and chalmer, bakhous, barne and byre. 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Mi^v/2 A Byre, cowhouse, bouile. 1724 A. Ramsay Tea-table Misc. (1733) I. 76 I ha' a good ha' house, a barn and a byer. a1775 Jacobite Song ‘The mucking o' Geordie's byre.’ a1845 R. H. Barham Blasphemer's Warning in Ingoldsby Legends (1847) 3rd Ser. 225 He had beeves in the byre, he had flocks in the fold. 1850 W. Wordsworth Prelude viii. 208 Long ere heat of noon, From byre or field the kine were brought. b. Misused (from a mistaken notion as to the etymology) to english the Icelandic bær (Old Norse bœr, býr): ‘A farmyard and buildings, including the farm-house’, called in Scotland a ‘farm-toun’. ΚΠ 1863 S. Baring-Gould Iceland 137 He set about erecting a byre with a great hall one hundred feet long. Compounds C1. General attributive. byre-door n. byre-dung n. ΚΠ 1833 Act 3 & 4 William IV xlvi. §3 Stable and byre dung. byre-loft n. ΚΠ 1822 T. Bewick Mem. 19 I always took up my abode for the night in the byer-loft. byre-man n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping of cattle > [noun] > housing or sheltering of cattle > worker in or cleaner of cattle shelter byre-mucker1790 byre-man1814 byre-woman1820 sharny1825 1814 Edinb. Corresp. 4 June (Jam.) Mr. Heriot's byreman..was found..dreadfully bruised. byre-woman n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping of cattle > [noun] > housing or sheltering of cattle > worker in or cleaner of cattle shelter byre-mucker1790 byre-man1814 byre-woman1820 sharny1825 1820 W. Scott Monastery III. iii. 82 There is na ane fit to do a turn but the byre-woman and myself. C2. General attributive. byre-mucker n. one who ‘mucks’ or cleanses a byre. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping of cattle > [noun] > housing or sheltering of cattle > worker in or cleaner of cattle shelter byre-mucker1790 byre-man1814 byre-woman1820 sharny1825 1790 R. Burns Let. 14 July (2003) II. 36 As ill-spelt as Country John's Billet-doux; or as unsightly a scrawl as Betty Byre-mucker's answer to it. byrewards adv. towards the byre. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping of cattle > [adverb] > towards byre byrewards1880 1880 Mrs. C. Reade Brown Hand & White I. Prol. 30 The goat and kid now being driven byrewards by a boy. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online June 2022). byren.² Perhaps: a firebrand, or a type of arrow (unidentified). ΘΠ the world > life > death > obsequies > funeral equipment > [noun] > bier bier1387 feretoryc1400 byre1467 coffin1526 horse1597 fercule1606 hearse1610 sandapile1623 wheel-bier1898 handy1909 1467 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 427 For iij. flytes, ij. botte~bolts and ij. byres, xvij.d. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < n.¹a800n.²1467
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byren.1

Compounds

byren.2

byren.¹

byren.²