caken.adj.
/keɪk/, U.S. /keɪk/ A. n.
I. With reference to food.† 3. The bread or wafer used in the Christian sacrament of the Eucharist. Cf. bread n. 6. Obsolete.In post-Reformation use often depreciative, with reference to the unacceptability to some Protestants of the Roman Catholic doctrine of transubstantiation (in the context of dispute over the exact nature of the presence of Christ in the elements of the Eucharist); cf. mass cake n., wafer-cake n. 2.In quot. c13901 figurative: Christ's body, as represented by the Eucharistic bread or wafer after transubstantiation.
1.
a. A mass or portion of bread, usually with a rounded, flattened shape, and often baked hard on both sides as a result of being turned during the baking process.For use as a second element in English regional and Irish English compounds such as barm cake, breadcake, soda cake, stotty cake, etc., see the first element.
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the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > loaf > [noun] > flat cake of bread
cakec1225
tharf-cake1362
cake-breadc1400
bannock1483
bere bannockc1550
torte1555
fadge1609
breadcake1635
riddle cake1673
jonikin1676
tortilla1699
cookie1701
johnnycake1739
journey cake1754
galette1775
pone1796
riddle bread1797
ash-cake1809
chapatti1810
papad1813
poppadom1820
puri1831
roti1838
Rhode Island johnnycake1866
wrap1969
chapo1993
c1225 (?c1200) Hali Meiðhad (Bodl.) (1940) l. 559 Hire cake bearnen o þe stan.
?c1335 (a1300) Land of Cokaygne l. 57 in W. Heuser Kildare-Gedichte (1904) 146 Fluren cakes beþ þe scingles [emended in ed. to schingles] alle.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 635 Þrwe þryftyly þeron þo þre þerve kakez.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 202/2 Cake of fyne floure made in a print of yron, gavfre.
a1549 A. Borde Fyrst Bk. Introd. Knowl. (1870) xxvii. 194 A peny worth of whyte bread..ix. kakys for a peny; and a kake serued me a daye.
1611 Bible (King James) Exod. xii. 39 They baked vnleauened cakes . View more context for this quotation
1685 R. Baxter Paraphr. New Test. Mark viii. 4 Their Loaves then were but like our Cakes, by the custom of breaking them.
1757 P. Templeman tr. F. L. Norden Trav. Egypt & Nubia II. 163 The Barbarins grind only so much corn as they want to bake; and the cakes that they make, are never above half baked.
a1820 D. McClure Diary (1899) 91 Some cakes of indian bread.
1879 J. A. Froude Cæsar xxii. 381 They made cakes out of roots, ground into paste and mixed with milk.
1954 J. R. R. Tolkien Fellowship of Ring ii. viii. 385 The food was mostly in the form of very thin cakes, made of a meal that was baked a light brown on the outside, and inside was the colour of cream.
1998 Food & Wine Mar. 64/2 This corn bread is a stand-in for the traditional Columbian arepas, flat unleavened cakes made from ground corn.
b. spec. In Scotland (and also formerly in parts of Wales and northern England): a portion of thin, hard-baked, oatmeal bread; an oatcake.Perhaps sometimes simply a contextual use of the more general sense A. 4a.
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the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > [noun] > oatmeal bread
haverbreada1425
cake1434
oat bread1549
anack1615
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > pancake, tortilla, or oatcake > [noun] > oatcake
havercakec1400
oatcakec1400
haverbreada1425
cake1434
grue1655
clap-bread1691
roundabout1706
farl1724
tollie1825
teething bannock1866
1434 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1844) I. 391 That na bakar of kakis bake kakis to sell, vnder the payn of eschete of the brede.
a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation Scotl. (1587) i. 100 That winter followinge so nurtured the French men, that they learned to eate (yea to beg) cakes (which at their entrie they scorned) without iesting.
1620 T. Venner Via Recta i. 17 Of Oates in Wales, and some of the Northerne shires of England, they make bread, especially in manner of Cakes.
1715 Pennecuick's Tweeddale Note 89 The oat-cake, known by the sole appellative of cake, is the bread of the cottagers.
1723 J. Nott Cook's & Confectioner's Dict. at Oat Cakes Roll them out into Cakes, and place them on your Baking-stone.
1864 A. McKay Hist. Kilmarnock (ed. 3) 113 With abundance of cakes.
1924 Swatches o' Hamespun 4th Ser. 64 Lythe an' happit wi' the heather, John sets doon 'is piece ae day, Butter't scones an' cyauks in corters, slockit wi' a waucht o' tay.
2007 Evening News (Edinb.) (Nexis) 25 Apr. 32 Oat products, such as the cakes and breakfast cereals, in the last year saw a particularly rapid rate of growth.
2. In early use: a portion of bread (usually similar in shape to that described at sense A. 1a) containing additional ingredients such as butter, sugar, spices, dried fruit, etc. Now chiefly: an item of sweet food in any shape (though still often round), usually made by baking a mixture of flour, sugar, fat, eggs, raising agents, flavourings, etc., and sometimes covered with icing or other decoration. Frequently with modifying word specifying the type, flavouring, or filling of the cake, or the occasion for which the cake has been made or served.birthday cake, chocolate cake, carrot cake, fairy cake, fruitcake, layer cake, lemon cake, sponge cake, wedding cake, etc.: see the first element.In quot. a13252: a small pastry with a fruit filling.
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the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun] > a cake
cakea1325
drop1723
fuggan1810
Kuchen1854
wad1919
tabnab1933
a1325 Gloss. W. de Bibbesworth (Cambr.) (1929) 462 Kakenole [glossed] a cake of spices [a1325 Arun. a spiced kake, a1325 Trin. Cambr. a kake wyth spices].
a1325 Diuersa Cibaria in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler Curye on Inglysch (1985) 53 Cuskynoles: Make a past stempred wiþ ayren, & soþþen nim peoren & applen, figes & reysins; alemaundes & dates; bet am togedere..& rolle þi past on a bord..& soþþen do þi fassure wiþinnen; Vchan kake is portiooun, & soþþen veld togedere oþe ȝeolue manere, ase þeos fugurre is imad, [etc.].
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1969) Jer. vii. 18 Wymmen sprenge togidere talwȝ þat þei make swete cakis to þe qween of heuene.
a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 171 Spised cakes and wafurs worthily withe bragot & methe, þus men..plese welle bothe gret & smalle.
?1533 W. Tyndale Expos. Mathew v. f. lv Let thy wife viset thy landladie thre or foure tymes in a yere, with spised kakes..and soche like.
?1577 J. Northbrooke Spiritus est Vicarius Christi: Treat. Dicing 73 His mother left bringing of wine and cakes to the church.
1683 T. Tryon Way to Health 233 Observe the composition of Cakes, which are frequently eaten..In them there are commonly Flour, Butter, Eggs, Milk, Fruit, Spice, Sugar, Sack, Rose-Water and Sweet-Meats, as Citron, or the like.
1710 J. Addison Tatler No. 220. ⁋8 Banbury..was a Place famous for Cakes and Zeal.
1816 R. Southey Poet's Pilgrimage to Waterloo i. 44 Assche for water and for cakes renown'd.
1841 E. W. Lane tr. Thousand & One Nights I. 71 Sweet cakes, or biscuits, of an annular form.
1935 Times 5 Apr. 10/3 Brouard wanted her to make some pudding and a cake for Christmas.
1979 P. Norman Skaters' Waltz 167 As a special treat, there were cakes—éclairs, cream horns and cream slices.
2015 Daily Mail 23 May (Weekend section) 70/1 Cut the cake in half horizontally, then sandwich back together with buttercream and jam.
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society > faith > artefacts > consumables > eucharistic elements > bread > [noun]
fleshc1000
ofleteOE
mannaa1200
breada1225
bread of lifea1300
host1303
bodya1325
obleya1325
God's bodya1387
cakec1390
singing bread1432
bread of wheata1450
singing loaf1530
God's bread1535
bread god?1548
round robin?1548
holy bread1552
singing cake1553
Jack-in-the-box1554
wafer-cake?1554
wafer1559
wafer-bread1565
breaden god1570
mass cake1579
wafer-god1623
hostel1624
maker1635
hostie1641
oblata1721
altar bread1839
prosphora1874
c1390 (c1350) Proprium Sanctorum in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1888) 81 84 Vre Cake on Crois þei knede, Rampned hit harde aȝeyn þe Roode.
c1390 in F. J. Furnivall Minor Poems Vernon MS (1901) ii. 617 (MED) Whon þat ȝe fongen [Christ's] flesch in Cake, Þen schal no feond maystri make.
?a1525 (?a1475) Play Sacrament l. 285 in N. Davis Non-Cycle Plays & Fragm. (1970) 67 Yowr God, þat ys full mytheti, in a cake.
1625 T. Tuke Conc. Holy Eucharist 5 Priests make their Maker Christ... They eat, drink, box him vp... They eat him whole: whole they suppe; Whole ith' Cake, and whole ith cuppe.
1873 Amer. Hist. Rec. Dec. 555/2 It [sc. a ciborium] is sacred in the eyes of the faithful, as containing the real body and blood of Jesus Christ, in the form of a cake or wafer, after consecration by the priest.
1900 E. Walter New Discov. Origin Christianity 87 The term [Eucharist] is applied to the elements (i. e., the cake and wine) that is used in the ceremony called the Lord's Supper.
4.
a. More generally: a mass or portion of food, usually formed into a rounded, flattened shape, and frequently cooked on both sides; a portion of a foodstuff which has been solidified or compressed into a flattened mass. Now usually with reference to savoury food. Frequently with modifying word indicating the main ingredient.crab cake, fish-cake, potato cake, etc.: see the first element.In quot. ?a1425: a cake of medicinal ingredients.In quot. a1450: a rishew (rishew n.).In quot. a1475: an omelette flavoured with tansy.
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the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun] > a cake > other cakes
honey appleeOE
barley-cake1393
seed cakea1400
cake?a1425
pudding-cake?1553
manchet1562
biscuit cake1593
placent1598
poplin1600
jumbal1615
bread pudding1623
semel1643
wine-cakea1661
Shrewsbury cake1670
curd cake1675
fruitcake1687
clap-bread1691
simnel cake1699
orange-flower cake1718
banana cake1726
sweet-cake1726
torte1748
Naples cake1766
Bath cake1769
gofer1769
yeast-cake1795
nutcake1801
tipsy-cake1806
cruller1808
baba1813
lady's finger1818
coconut cake1824
mint cake1825
sices1825
cup-cake1828
batter-cake1830
buckwheat1830
Dundee seed cake1833
fat-cake1839
babka1846
wonder1848
popover1850
cream-cake1855
sly-cake1855
dripping-cake1857
lard-cake1858
puffet1860
quick cake1865
barnbrack1867
matrimony cake1871
brioche1873
Nelson cake1877
cocoa cake1883
sesame cake1883
marinade1888
mystery1889
oblietjie1890
stuffed monkey1892
Greek bread1893
Battenberg1903
Oswego cake1907
nusstorte1911
dump cake1912
Dobos Torte1915
lekach1918
buckle1935
Florentine1936
hash cake1967
space cake1984
?a1425 (?1373) Lelamour Herbal (1938) f. 40v (MED) Or els make paste, a kake of this sede and wermote..and ete hit for þe wormes.
a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 44 Ryschewys of Marow.—Take fayre Flowre & raw ȝolkys of Eyroun, & Sugre, & Salt, & pouder of Gyngere, & Safroun, & make fayre cakes & þan take marow..& ley it on þin cake & fold hem to-gederys..& frye hem.
a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 50 Geder hit [sc. the eggs, tansy and butter, for a tansy cake] on a cake..With platere of tre, and frye hit browne.
1616 G. Markham tr. C. Estienne et al. Maison Rustique (rev. ed.) iii. l. 423 Take it [sc. a paste of boiled quinces and sugar] out of the mortar, and rowle it forth into verie thin cakes, and so print it: and in this manner you may make thin cakes of anie manner of fruit you please.
1747 H. Glasse Art of Cookery ix. 98 Take Potatoes..mix them with Yolks of Eggs,..work it up into a Paste, then make it into Cakes, or just what Shapes you please with Molds.
1889 J. Whitehead Steward's Handbk. iv. 420/1 Rillettes de Tours, cold cakes of meat of the head-cheese order.
1914 D. C. C. L. Roper Sci. Feeding ii. 61 Salisbury steak. Secure some fresh, thick, sliced round steak. Scrape or grind in a meat-cutting machine, and mould into flat, round cakes.
1975 W. Shurtleff & A. Aoyagi Bk. of Tofu I. ii. ix. 182/2 Press a 12-ounce cake of tofu until very firm.
2002 Observer 10 Nov. (Food Monthly Suppl.) 61/4 You don't want a lot of filler in the cake to interfere with the crab's subtle taste.
b. A substance (esp. the fibrous vegetable matter left after seeds, nuts, or beans have been pressed for their oil) compressed in a flat form and used for feeding cattle or other animals; a mass or portion of this substance. Frequently with modifying word indicating the main ingredient or the type of animal which the cake is intended to feed.cotton-cake, linseed cake, presscake, oilcake, rape cake, etc.: see the first element.
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the world > food and drink > food > animal food > [noun] > fodder > cake
oilcake1504
cake1650
rapeseed cake1651
linseed cake1813
poonac1843
seed cake1848
oil meal1851
cotton-cake1891
1650 E. Williams Virginia 46 Rape-seed oyle, 10l. the tun, the cakes of it feed Kine fat in the Winter.
1775 N. Kent Hints to Gentleman of Landed Prop. 137 I am not acquainted with the manner of extracting the oil, and preparing the cakes [of cole-seed]..; but the use those cakes are of in fatting cattle, and manuring land, is not inconsiderable.
1833 Niles' Reg. 44 222/1 The cake is the very best food for stock.
1894 Country Gentleman's Catal. 14/2 A few acres of autumn cabbage will maintain and fatten, with the aid of corn or cake, of course, a large flock of sheep.
1916 E. Blunden Barn 20 The smell of apples..And homely cattle-cake.
2003 Food & Drink Summer 146/3 After the oil is extracted, the residue (known as cake) is a rich source of protein that is sold as livestock feed.
5. As a mass noun. In early use: bread or fancy bread as a foodstuff or substance. Now chiefly: sweet, soft food (of the kind described at sense A. 2). Also (in Scotland): thin oatmeal bread (of the kind described at sense A. 1b).Earliest in figurative use in cake and pudding n. at Phrases 4d.
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the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun]
cake1556
cakery1823
1556 J. Old Confession of Catholike Olde Belefe sig. D7 Yet for cake & pudding wolde turne again (like wethercockes) which waye so euer the wynde bloweth, as a man will haue them.
1578 in W. Mackay & H. C. Boyd Rec. Inverness (1911) I. 263 Thai ar dischargit..for paying of any maill..except the said serwice callit servitium forensicum wyth caik and pudding.
a1637 B. Jonson Tale of Tub ii. i. 25 in Wks. (1640) III If hee ha' cake, And drinke enough, hee need not veare his stake. View more context for this quotation
1682 M. Rowlandson Soveraignty & Goodness of God (ed. 2) xiv. 41 I haveing nothing to eat by the way this day, but a few crumbs of Cake, that an Indian gave my girle the same day we were taken.
1811 A. de Beauclerc Ora & Juliet IV. 185 But wont you have some cake, ladies, before the weddingers come to church?
1846 Ipswich Jrnl. 25 July 2/7 (heading) On Tuesday, the Sunday and day-school children of this parish were regaled with abundance of cake and tea.
1931 A. Thirkell Three Houses III. iv. 98 Another habit of her youth was to lay her slice of cake between two pieces of bread-and-butter and eat them together like a sandwich.
2014 Spirit & Destiny Apr. 66/3 With your birthday on the horizon, you'll want to get together with loved ones for cake and a catch-up.
II. With reference to substances or objects other than food.
6.
a. A mass of any solidified or compressed substance (such as soap, wax, etc.) in a flattened form, esp. forming a manufactured unit that can be easily sold or transported.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > [noun] > a dense or solid thing or body > with an extended flat surface
cake1396
block1530
patty1904
1396 Inquisition Misc. (P.R.O.: C 145/263/13) ij launternes, j posnette, xliiij visers, vn cake de suwet, vn stillatorie de plumb.
a1400 MS Trin. Cambr. O.9.39 in Crafte of Lymmyng (2016) 60 Whiche sope..ȝe schal take and gadre clene vp from þe canevas and put hit in moldes whiche ben ordeyned for þe same þynges, and þan late hit drie so vp in fayre cakes.
1541 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1857) I. 81 Hole cakes of rendred tallow.
1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1368/2 Their cakes of waxe which they call Agnus Dei.
1652 Severall Proc. Parl. No. 130. 2018 Wee have taken here in a Vessel, 14 cakes of Rosin.
1738 G. Smith tr. Laboratory ii. 45 Take it [sc. the enamel] off [the fire], make it into Cakes, and keep it for Use.
1786 Whitehall Evening-post 31 Jan.–2 Feb. The shop of Mr. Phipson..was broke into, and robbed of 300 weight of button metal, a cake of silver, and other articles.
1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple I. iv. 42 Four cakes of Windsor, and two bars of yellow for washing.
1884 Manch. Examiner 29 Feb. 5/3 A parcel of cakes of dynamite.
1975 K. Tynan Diary 4 July (2001) 256 I had just bought a large cake of hash from Nicole.
2011 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 5 Feb. (Property section) 3 Simple cakes of white soap are fresher and cheaper than expensive liquid soaps.
b. A thick crust, deposit, or concretion of a substance (such as mud, etc.), esp. on a surface. Cf. cake v. 1.
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the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > [noun] > a dense or solid thing or body > of something
clouda1350
clota1398
clodc1420
cake1549
dodge1562
concretion1617
1549 T. Cooper Lanquet's Epitome of Crons. iii. f. 200v Whan it thawed, the heauy cakes of yse, brake downe many stronge bridges.
1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §552 A Cake that groweth upon the side of a dead tree..large and of a Chesnut colour, and hard and pithy.
1665 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 1 36 It [sc. earth] soon melted and became a Cake in the bottom.
1779 P. Clare Ess. Cure of Abscesses 86 This leg, said he, holding out the broken leg, with a great cake of blood and feathers crusted over and round the wound.
1821 Edinb. Philos. Jrnl. 5 396 A shower of rain fell, and, in consequence of a sudden cold, the rain was congealed on the surface of the snow, and formed upon it a cake of ice.
1920 E. Hart Text Bk. Chem. Eng. viii. 117 The liquid is forced through the filter cloths, depositing thereon a cake of solid material, through which all the remaining liquid must pass.
1999 Cosmopolitan (U.K. ed.) Feb. 42/2 My face feels naked—despite a cake of foundation.
2006 C. Morrall Nat. Flights of Human Mind xi. 125 They have to jump into the ditch, which is almost dry, but not quite, so a cake of mud builds up on her sandals.
c. More fully mother cake, mother's cake, uterine cake. The placenta. Now historical and rare.Also called womb-cake (see womb n. Compounds 2b). [After post-classical Latin placenta placenta, specific sense of classical Latin placenta a kind of flat cake (see placenta n.). With cake of the womb (see quot. 1615) compare post-classical Latin placenta uteri (1553 or earlier). With mother's cake compare post-classical Latin placenta matris (1574 or earlier); with uterine cake compare post-classical Latin placenta uterina (1596 or earlier).]
ΚΠ
1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια iii. 95 The Pancreas..nearest resembleth the Liuer or cake of the wombe, which groweth to the rootes of the Infants nauell.
1653 W. Harvey Anat. Exercitations lxxii. 517 In some, it doth stick onely in one place, by the mediation of a carnous substance, which we call Placenta, the Uterine cake in women, because it resembleth the round figure of a Cake.
1705 tr. P. Portal Compl. Pract. Men & Women Midwives viii. 44 Tho' each Child is always enclosed in its peculiar membranes, yet Twins have sometimes but one Mother-cake or After-burthen [Fr. placenta].
1752 W. Smellie Treat. Midwifery I. iii. ii. 233 If by these methods the Placenta cannot be brought away, introduce your hand slowly into the Vagina and feel for the edge of the cake, which when you have found, pull it gradually along.
1849 A. I. Coffin Treat. Midwifery 34 If too much force is applied to the cord, the cake may be torn, and a part of it remain.
1921 S. W. Bandler Expectant Mother (new ed.) 169 Wherever the ovum first settles, at that point develops the subsequent placenta or mother cake.
1996 F. Spiegl Sick Notes 6/1 Equally unappetising is ‘mother's cake’, or Placenta.
7. A ball of yarn, esp. artificial silk, usually with a flattened, compact shape.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > thread or yarn > [noun] > man-made > specific > annular package of
cake1710
1710 Tatler No. 245. Seven Cakes of superfine Spanish wool.
1911 Sci. Amer. 23 Dec. 577/2 The centrifugal force throws the filaments away from the center and winds them up in a cake, also putting a slight twist into the resultant yarn.
1927 T. Woodhouse Artificial Silk: Manuf. & Uses 42 An annular package of yarn is gradually built up by the succeeding layers of yarn. This annular package is called a ‘cake’.
2016 Let's Knit Jan. 47/1 When joining in a new cake of yarn, make sure you match the right point in the colour repeat to get a flawless finish.
III. Figurative and extended uses (chiefly from senses in branch A. I.).† 8. Heraldry. A circular charge or bearing; a roundel. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > charge: device on shield > [noun] > less honourable charge > circular device > of specific tinctures
pelletc1425
plate1466
bezant1486
cake1486
gunstone1486
ogle1486
talent1486
torteau1486
tortlet1486
wastel1486
ogressa1550
golpe1562
guze1562
orange1562
pomeis1562
plat1592
fountain1610
tortey1688
1486 Blasyng of Armys sig. ciiiv in Bk. St. Albans Besantys and lytill cakys differ not bot in colore, for besanttis be euer of golden coloure.
9. With the: assets, proceeds, wealth, etc., considered collectively as something to be apportioned or shared out. Frequently with qualifying adjective. [In early use perhaps after Middle French avoir part au gasteau, lit. ‘to have a share in the cake’ (1541).]
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > giving > distributing or dealing out > [noun] > dividing and sharing out > that which is
cake1577
pie1886
shareable1909
1577 tr. ‘F. de L'Isle’ Legendarie sig. F.vii The aforesaid foreine Princes fauoured them, and peraduenture should haue had some share in the cake, as the Spanierd chiefly looked for it, hauing so easely obteyned truce of his great enemie the Turke.
1655 tr. C. Sorel Comical Hist. Francion ii. 39 All those, who had assisted in the management of this Cheat, had their due shares of the Cake, but I alone had the Beane; for my gain was greater than any of the rest.
1750 Earl of Holdernesse in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) IV. 390 If I stay in [office], I must now have my share of the Cake.
1893 New Rev. June 647 We all think we can nibble a bit or two out of the national cake without being discovered, and without reducing its bulk.
1949 New Statesman 22 Oct. 443/2 A general free fight between capital and labour for their respective shares of the national cake.
1957 Listener 8 Aug. 188/1 German labour may be about to demand a larger slice of the recovery cake.
2019 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 6 Aug. 28 Many people feel that the world's giant corporations have become too powerful, that chief executives are paid too much, that ordinary workers are not getting a fair share of the cake.
10. Originally slang; in later use colloquial or regional. A person regarded as foolish, gullible, or weak in character. Also in playful or familiar use, expressing affection, etc.
ΚΠ
?1766 Cheats of London Exposed 9 Constant practice teaches them [sc. sharpers] almost at a glance to discern the gamester from the cake, as they term it; and such a one is no sooner entered their place of resort, but they devise means to draw him in for the plate; and generally strip his pockets before he departs.
1838 J. C. Neal Charcoal Sketches (ed. 2) 164 If we are briefly told that Mr. Plinlimmon is a ‘cake’, the word may be derided as a cant appellation,..but volumes could not render our knowledge of the man more perfect. We have him as it were, upon a salver, weak, unwholesome, and insipid.
1899 R. Whiteing No. 5 John St. xxi. 204 Git out, yer blessed little cake. What do you know about fore'ners?
1936 S. Desmond London Pride l. 405 Oh, you—you silly cake!—can't you keep your little mouth shut?
1995 J. M. Sims-Kimbrey Wodds & Doggerybaw: Lincs. Dial. Dict. 50/1 ‘Soppy owd caãke, 'e is!’ ‘'E's a nice owd caãke thoff. Wunt do nobboddy no arm lãike.’
2018 @marley_polly 17 Jan. in twitter.com (accessed 9 Dec. 2019) Another Lib MP making a cake of himself trying to malign union and labour movement.
11. figurative. A mass or aggregate of tradition, law, etc., built up over time, esp. in cake of custom.From branch A. II.: cf. sense A. 6b.
ΚΠ
1867 W. Bagehot in Fortn. Rev. Nov. 531 The object of such organizations is to create what may be called a cake of custom.
1879 H. George Progress & Poverty x. i. 433 A body or ‘cake’ of laws and customs grows up.
1974 R. S. Lynd & H. M. Lynd in S. Fishman et al. Teacher, Student & Society ii. iv. 127 Caught less firmly than the elementary school in the cake of tradition.., the high school has been more adaptable.
2002 E. Heath Morality & Market c. i. 546/1 War tends to break up the cake of custom, the net of tradition.
12. slang (frequently depreciative). Originally: a promiscuous woman; a prostitute. In later use (esp. in African-American usage): a good-looking or sexually attractive person, typically a woman.
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society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > [noun] > sexual indulgence > unchaste behaviour of woman > unchaste or loose woman
queanOE
whorec1175
malkinc1275
wenchelc1300
ribalda1350
strumpeta1350
wench1362
filtha1375
parnelc1390
sinner14..
callet1415
slut?c1425
tickle-tailc1430
harlot?a1475
mignote1489
kittock?a1500
mulea1513
trulla1516
trully?1515
danta1529
miswoman1528
stewed whore1532
Tib1533
unchaghe1534
flag1535
Katy1535
jillet1541
yaud1545
housewife1546
trinkletc1550
whippet1550
Canace1551
filthy1553
Jezebel1558
kittyc1560
loonc1560
laced mutton1563
nymph1563
limmer1566
tomboy1566
Marian1567
mort1567
cockatrice1568
franion1571
blowze1573
rannell1573
rig1575
Kita1577
poplet1577
light-skirts1578
pucelle1578
harlotry1584
light o' lovea1586
driggle-draggle1588
wagtail1592
tub-tail1595
flirt-gill1597
minx1598
hilding1599
short-heels1599
bona-roba1600
flirt1600
Hiren1600
light-heels1602
roba1602
baggage1603
cousin1604
fricatrice1607
rumbelow1611
amorosa1615
jaya1616
open-taila1618
succubus1622
snaphancea1625
flap1631
buttered bun1638
puffkin1639
vizard1652
fallen woman1659
tomrigg1662
cunt1663
quaedama1670
jilt1672
crack1677
grass-girl1691
sporting girl1694
sportswoman1705
mobbed hood1707
brim1736
trollop1742
trub1746
demi-rep1749
gillyflower1757
lady of easy virtue1766
mot1773
chicken1782
gammerstang1788
buer1807
scarlet woman1816
blowen1819
fie-fie1820
shickster?1834
streel1842
charver1846
trolly1854
bad girl1855
amateur1862
anonyma1862
demi-virgin1864
pickup1871
chippy1885
wish-wife1886
tart1887
tartleta1890
flossy1893
fly girl1893
demi-mondaine1894
floozy1899
slattern1899
scrub1900
demi-vierge1908
cake1909
coozie1912
muff1914
tarty1918
yes-girl1920
radge1923
bike1945
puta1948
messer1951
cooze1955
jamette1965
skeezer1986
slutbag1987
chickenhead1988
ho1988
the mind > attention and judgement > attractiveness > [noun] > attractive person
knocker1612
attractor1641
gracioso1653
attracter1654
charmer1677
irresistible1774
fascinator1836
stunner1847
high-stepper1852
looker1893
bonzer1897
hot tamale1897
tanger1914
dish1929
head-turner1935
cake1941
1909 J. R. Ware Passing Eng. Victorian Era 17/2 Banbury, one of the more recent shapes of ‘jam’, ‘biscuit’, ‘cake’, ‘confectionery’, ‘tart’..—a loose woman.
1941 Pittsburgh Courier 15 Nov. 14/6 Hot chills ran through Dagwood—Gosh, she was neat... For a piece of this cake, he'd leave this whole world behind.
1960 E. De Roo Big Rumble xii. 69 That girl. The gang ‘cake’.
1968 N. C. Heard Howard Street v. 69 Thinkin' 'bout that new cake you pulled?
2009 in M. Widawski Afr. Amer. Slang (2015) iii. 73 Miss America even made an appearance, and yes, she's a real cake.
13. U.S. colloquial. Something easily accomplished or dealt with. Cf. piece of cake n.The use of the noun in this sense is often difficult to distinguish from the predicative adjectival use; cf. sense B.
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1911 H. B. Wright Winning of Barbara Worth xiii. 215 Ut's men ye'll be wantin'..; wan to handle the greasers, which is cake to me, an' wan to boss the mule skinners, which is pie for Tex.
2013 @CASE_closed_ 21 Jan. in twitter.com (accessed 14 May 2020) I'm just relieved that I get my 3 hardest tests out of the way early on. The rest is total cake.
14. slang (originally and chiefly U.S., esp. among African Americans). Frequently in plural. The buttocks; the bottom. Cf. bun n.2 Additions.
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1972 A. Kemp Eat of me, I am Savior 13 Sweetie, lose three inches off those cakes, pump coupla jolts of silicone in the tits, and I'll make you the cover girl of Nigeria.
2010 @TLaurie_ 23 Sept. in twitter.com (accessed 13 May 2020) Im the type to wear loose jeans... so wat if i dont wanna show off my cake.
2020 @CalebCoffey 7 May in twitter.com (accessed 13 May 2020) All these gym clothing websites have such a poor selection for men's shorts. I'm tryna show off these legs and cakes.
B. adj.
U.S. colloquial. That is easy to accomplish or deal with; simple, straightforward. Cf. sense A. 13.
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1968 C. F. Baker et al. College Undergraduate Slang Study (typescript, Brown Univ.) 93 Cake course, easy course.
2020 @C0ulis 14 May in twitter.com (accessed 14 May 2020) Using hard light on console is the easiest shit ever,..it's so cake.
Phrases
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a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Merlin (1932) III. l. 18401 (MED) Stylle he lay, as plat a kake.
1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes ii. f. 222v His noose as flatte as a cake bruised or beaten to his face.
1643 H. Lovel Horrid & Strange News Ireland 5 I thrust my hand at his throat, but he avoided most nimbly under my hand, and clapped himselfe flat to the wall, as flat as a cake.
1676 R. Wiseman Severall Chirurg. Treat. i. ix. 46 It [sc. a tumour]..lies round and flat as a Cake under the Jaws.
1814 Examiner 21 Aug. 533/1 An old man..cautioned me not to lean near a machine, by which they were landing horses, or I should get squeezed as flat as a cake.
1918 Life 10 Jan. 78/1 The Terrible Tank Triumphantly drank A bumper of gasoline, And left in his wake, As flat as a cake, The Sinister Submarine.
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a1450 in Neuphilol. Mitteilungen (1948) 49 167 (MED) Fra þy servauntes maystrys take, Þan þai counte þe noght a cake.
1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. aii*v Thi schore compt I noght ane caik.
c1580 ( tr. Bk. Alexander (1921) II. ii. l. 4017 Ane knaif that is nocht worth ane caik May slay ane gude man with ane straik.
P3. In proverbial expressions.† b. Scottish and English regional (northern). every cake has its make (also mate, fellow): everything has its equal or match. Obsolete.
a. to have one's cake and eat it and variants: to enjoy two desirable but mutually exclusive alternatives. Chiefly in negative contexts, esp. in you can't have your cake and eat it too. Also as a modifier. Cf. to have it both ways at way n.1 and int.1 Phrases 1b(f).
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1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue ii. ix. sig. Lii What man, I trowe ye raue, Wolde ye bothe eate your cake, and haue your cake?
1639 J. Clarke Paroemiologia 38 You can't eat your cake, & have your cake too.
1709 Ld. Shaftesbury Sensus Communis: Ess. Freedom of Wit 95 As ridiculous as the way of Children, who first eat their Cake, and then cry for it... They shou'd be told, as Children, that They can't eat their Cake, and have it.
1815 Duke of Wellington Let. 17 Aug. in Dispatches (1838) XII. 589 Our own government also..having got their cake, want both to eat it and keep it.
1905 McClure's Mag. 25 48 In other words, we could eat our cake and have it, too—which is one secret of high finance.
2011 Atlantic Monthly July 72/1 Ours is a have-your-cake-and-eat-it-too approach, a desire for high achievement without the sacrifice and struggle that this kind of achievement often requires.
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a1598 D. Fergusson Sc. Prov. (1641) sig. E3v There never was a cake, but it had a make.
1678 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Prov. (ed. 2) 68 Every cake hath its make, but a scrape-cake hath two.
1762 T. Smollett Adventures Sir Launcelot Greaves I. x. 217 There's no cake, but there's another of the same make.
P4. In combination with terms for other items of food or drink.
a.
cakes and ale n. fun, pleasure, revelry; enjoyment of material comforts.In later use chiefly with reference or allusion to Shakespeare's use (see quot. a1616).
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a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) ii. iii. 111 Dost thou thinke because thou art vertuous, there shall be no more Cakes and Ale ? View more context for this quotation
1886 Garden 5 June 519/1 The gardener's life, as a rule, is not all ‘cakes and ale’.
2019 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 10 July Now, let's recall that the good life isn't just cakes and ale. There's also reading and the parsing of society.
b. † cake and cheese n. Obsolete something consumed eagerly and with pleasure; something pleasant or easy.
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1606 J. Day Ile of Guls sig. F1 That's Cake and Cheese to the Countrie.
1628 J. Taylor Wit & Mirth sig. C6 Thus wit with wit agrees like cake & cheese Both sides are gainers, neither side doth lese.
c. † cake and gingerbread n. Obsolete something easily accomplished or dealt with; an easy or pleasant experience; cf. piece of cake n. at piece n. Phrases 15. [In quot. 1755 and in other translations of Cervantes after Spanish tortas y pan pintado (1549) in similar use.]
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1755 T. Smollett tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote II. iv. iii. 434 I would look upon that machine, which comes upon us, with contempt, as so much cake and gingerbread.
1800 W. Gifford Epist. to Peter Pindar (ed. 3) 57 You have received many canings..but none of them..would have been more than cakes and gingerbread to the exquisite drubbing you would have received from me.
1838 Amer. Turf. Reg. Oct. 451 This you will say is bad, but sir, it is cakes and gingerbread to the manner in which I was once served at a course in South Carolina.
1841 C. J. Lever Charles O'Malley vi. 32 The marshalling a room full of mandarins was ‘cake and gingerbread’ to ushering a Galway party in to dinner.
d. † cake and pudding n. (also cakes and pudding) chiefly Scottish Obsolete material reward or advantage; cf. pudding n. 5.
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1556 J. Old Confession of Catholike Olde Belefe sig. D7 Yet for cake & pudding wolde turne again (like wethercockes) which waye so euer the wynde bloweth, as a man will haue them.
1643 Bk. Pasquils 144 You courted God for caikes and pudding.
1681 S. Colvil Mock Poem i. 93 He turn'd his coat for cake and pudding.
1749 Charmer: Choice Coll. Songs 92 I but owr justly trow'd Your love was thowless, and that ye For cake and pudding woo'd.
1823 W. Scott Peveril III. iii. 69 And you, Lance,..have no mind to marry for cake and pudding.
1884 J. I. Hillocks Roots & Remedies of London Misery iv, in Hard Battles for Life & Usefulness 342 We hear much about the poor attending meetings more for ‘cake and pudding’ than spiritual food; but who are most to blame, the poor or the sectarians?
P5.
Land of Cakes n. (a humorous name for) Scotland, or (sometimes spec.) the Scottish Lowlands.With reference to sense A. 1b.
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the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > British Isles > Scotland > [noun]
North Britain1615
Land of Cakes1659
louse-land1699
Whigland1699
Haggisland1846
1659 in M. V. Hay Blairs Papers (1929) 178 I am in the land of cayks wher all miseryes doe sheeme to me mirth and giofulnes.
1793 R. Burns Poems (ed. 2) II. 219 Hear, Land o' Cakes, and brither Scots.
1888 G. Meredith Let. 27 June (1970) II. 922 Perhaps I shall never see your Land o' Cakes.
2018 National (Scotl.) (Nexis) 2 May Should the Land o' Cakes impose import duty on French gateaux?
P6. colloquial (originally U.S.). to take the cake (also †cakes): to carry off the honours, to take first place, to rank first; often used ironically in negative contexts, or as an expression of surprise. Cf. biscuit n. and adj. Phrases.
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the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > quality of being the best > [verb (intransitive)]
to take the bun1371
to bear the bellc1374
to have, bear, carry, strike the stroke1531
to take the cake (also cakes)1839
to take (also cop, win) the biscuit1880
to ring the bell1900
1839 Lexington (Mississippi) Union 10 Aug. We have been shown some [cotton bolls] that we thought hard to beat, yet this takes the cakes.
1846 Spirit of Times (N.Y.) 27 June 1/3 They got up a horse and $50 in money, a side,..each one to start and ride his own horse,..the winning horse take the cakes.
1886 Pall Mall Gaz. 2 Sept. 5/1 As a purveyor of light literature..Mr. Norris takes the cake.
1900 T. Dreiser Sister Carrie xxiii. 249 Pack up and pull out, eh? You take the cake.
1938 G. Heyer Blunt Instrument ix. 158 I've met some kill-joys in my time, but you fairly take the cake.
2002 N.Y. Times 11 Aug. 22/6 Given the business I and my family have been in all our lives, we've seen arrogance at every level..but I must say the arrogance here takes the cake.
P7. let them eat cake and variants: used to indicate that a person is ignorant or dismissive of the hardships of others, or (sometimes) to express disregard for such hardships. Also as a modifier. [After French qu'ils mangent de la brioche (1765 in J. J. Rousseau Confessions), and frequently paraphrasing or alluding to this (compare quot. 1857). Rousseau's use reflects a probably apocryphal account of a French princess's response to being told that her impoverished subjects were unable to obtain bread. In the early 19th cent. the phrase was attributed to Marie Antoinette (see Marie Antoinette n.); earlier use of a similar phrase has been attributed to Maria Theresa of Spain (1638–83), wife of King Louis XIV, but again without supporting evidence.]
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1857 Charleston (S. Carolina) Mercury 17 Oct. If, as the papers say, these working classes are likely to get out of bread, why, let them eat cake.
1937 P. G. Wodehouse in Sat. Evening Post 24 Aug. 46/2 You don't have to worry about Lord Abbott. Let him eat cake. You just follow the dictates of your heart and go right ahead and marry the girl.
2011 National Post (Canada) (Nexis) 29 Jan. a25 What really annoyed me was the haughty, ‘let them eat cake’ attitude that was so very pervasive in his letter.
P8. British colloquial (originally English regional). off one's cake.
a. Having lost control of one's mental faculties; out of one's mind; deranged, crazy, mad.
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1881 G. Massey Bk. of Beginnings I. iii. 121 ‘He's off his Cake’ is a provincial phrase, explained as meaning he's off his head. It signifies he's loose-witted, out of bounds.
1981 W. Russell Educating Rita i. ii. 12 When I was a kid I always wanted to go to a boardin' school... I told me mother once... She said I was off me cake.
2018 Belfast Tel. Online (Nexis) 6 Oct. I don't like the hustle and bustle... To..live in a city with noise, I would just go off my cake.
b. Extremely intoxicated by alcohol or drugs.
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1987 Gay Times Apr. 44/3 I..had to get tanked up before going anywhere... Fran the good laugh, always off her cake,..that was the woman people got to know.
1990 Independent 29 June 15/8 We raved all night on Saturday... I was completely and happily off my cake.., rocking in front of the speakers to the heavy reggae.
2015 @danny_buckley_ 13 Mar. in twitter.com (accessed 12 May 2020) The London Gin Club. Recommended. I'm absolutely off my cake.
P9. baked in the cake: see bake v. Phrases 3; one's cake is dough: see dough n. Phrases; the frosting on the cake: see frosting n. 3b; like hot cakes: see hot cake n. 2; the icing on the cake: see icing n. Phrases; piece of cake: see piece n. Phrases 15; to hurry up the cakes and variants: see to hurry up the (also one's) cakes at hurry v. Additions.
Compounds
C1. Compounds chiefly relating to senses A. 1, A. 2, A. 5.
a.
(a) With agent nouns, forming compounds in which cake expresses the object of the underlying verb, as in cake baker, cake maker, cake seller, etc.
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1541 MS Rec. Aberdeen in J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (1825) Suppl. at Kaikbaikar The kaikbaikaris wer conwict for the selling of penne kaikis.
1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Dict. at Turronero A cakemaker, pistor placentarius.
a1637 B. Jonson Kings Entertainm. at Welbeck sig. Oo3v in Wks. (1640) III The two Bride Squires, the Cake-bearer, and the Boll-bearer, were in two yellow leather Doublets.
1653 T. Urquhart tr. F. Rabelais 1st Bk. Wks. xxv. 115 The Bunsellers or Cake-bakers were in nothing inclinable to their request.
1814 School Good Living 149 The pastry-bakers, cake-makers, and wafer-rollers.
1879 J. D. Vaughan Manners & Customs Chinese Straits Settlem. 16 The Chinese are everything: they are..butchers, porksellers, cultivators of pepper and gambier, cakesellers.
1919 Trinidad Guardian 8 Aug. 10 A well known cake vendor..was boiling sugar cakes in a canaree.
2005 S. Marks Finding Betty Crocker v. 161 Orders soared beyond his capacity to fill them, catapulting him to the rank of most sought-after cake baker on the Hollywood catering circuit.
(b) With participles and verbal nouns, forming compounds in which cake expresses the object of the underlying verb, as in cake baking, cake decorating, cake-eating, cake making (adjectives and nouns).
ΚΠ
1762 St. James's Chron. 16–18 Mar. A Course of Lectures on the Art of Cake-Making.
1770 H. Kelly Word to Wise Prol. You above, in cake-consuming bow'rs, Who thro' whole Sundays munge away your hours.
1824 M. R. Mitford Our Village (1863) I. 221 The preservings, the picklings, the cake-makings.
1884 Latest & Best Cook Bk. i. xiii. 180 Much of the success in cake-baking depends on the heating of the oven.
1997 Bakers' Rev. Sept. 12/2 Membership..is open to anyone with an interest in sugarcraft and cake decorating as an art form.
2005 Chicago Tribune (Midwest ed.) 8 May iii. 18/3 Perry will challenge the world's top speed-eaters Tuesday in a cake-eating contest.
b. As a modifier, designating objects or utensils used for making, storing, serving, or eating cakes, as in cake bowl, cake fork, cake plate, etc.Earliest in cake print n. at Compounds 3.
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1616 in Hist. MSS Comm.: Rep. MSS Var. Coll. (1901) I. 89 in Parl. Papers (Cd. 784) XXXVI. i. 1 He saith that he doth make butter prints and cake prints and such like.
1685 G. Meriton Nomenclatura Clericalis 316 A Cake-Print, or Cake-Mould.
1805 in Mrs. E. S. Bowne Life (1888) 205 1 plated Cake Basket silver rims.
1866 A. D. Whitney Summer in Leslie Goldthwaite's Life x, in Our Young People Oct. 608 Cake-plates were garnished with wreathed oak-leaves.
1870 A. D. T. Whitney We Girls ii. 35 A cake-bowl in one hand and an egg-beater in the other.
1938 Amer. Home Oct. 62/4 A ventilated cake cover and salver set.
1999 M. Hulse tr. W. G. Sebald Vertigo (2000) iv. 218 Babett eating the cake with a cake fork.
2016 Hoosier Times (Bloomington, Indiana) 3 Apr. (Herald-Times ed.) f4/4 For huge cakes, such as wedding cakes, there is an elongated cake knife.
c. As a modifier, designating places where cakes are sold, as in cake stall, etc.Earliest in cake shop n. at Compounds 3.
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1693 N. Staphorst tr. L. Rauwolf Trav. Eastern Countries i. viii, in J. Ray Coll. Curious Trav. I. 96 There is a great many Cake-shops kept in the Batzars, where all manner of Victuals are cleanly dressed.
1818 E. B. Lester Quakers iv. 34 The fair..consisted chiefly of fruit and cake stalls, shows, booths erected in a large meadow.
1866 J. C. Gregg Life in Army xv. 139 Farther on, you come in contact with candy shops, peanut stands, cake wagons.
2016 Sun (Ireland ed.) (Nexis) 22 June 33 A cake stall at a jumble sale.
d. General use as a modifier, as in cake crumbs, cake icing, cake recipe, etc.
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1797 Bailey's Dict. Eng.-German & German-Eng. II. 291/1 Kuchenteig, cake-dough.
1839 Literary World 6 July 230/2 By the time that the empty bottles and spare sandwiches had been given away to the beggars, and the cake crumbs brushed away, the race began again.
1876 Christian Monitor Feb. 76/1 How he would love to nibble at the cake dough, and help do the icing!
1918 W. Faulkner Let. 10 Oct. in Thinking of Home (1992) 113 I..purchased three apples in the canteen and ate the remainder of the crumbs of cake icing.
1992 Premiere Sept. 76/3 One of these [scenes] shows her consuming tins of vanilla cake frosting as she balloons up to 250 pounds.
2015 Church Times 9 Oct. 20/4 Jeff sends me some cake recipes from the United States.
C2. Compounds relating to sense A. 6a.
a. As a modifier, designating a substance solidified or compressed into a flattened mass, esp. forming a manufactured unit that can be easily sold or transported, as in cake ink, cake-lac, etc.Earliest in cake soap n. at Compounds 2b.
ΚΠ
1566 T. Blundeville Order curing Horses Dis. xcviii. f. 72v, in Fower Offices Horsemanshippe Dissolue therin one ounce of cake sope, and gyue it luke warme vnto the horse to drinke.
1697 Post Man & Hist. Acct. 8 July This Cake Ink is sold at 6d. an Ounce.
1797 P. A. Nemnich Waaren-Lexikon i. 47/2 Yellow wax; Hard wax; Cake wax.
1844 J. Gregg Commerce of Prairies I. 173 A kind of coarse cake-sugar called piloncillo.
1883 Cassell's Family Mag. Oct. 686/1 The sediment..is formed into small, square cakes..known as lac-dye, or cake-lac.
1929 H. A. A. Nicholls & J. H. Holland Text-bk. Trop. Agric. (ed. 2) ii. x. 319 A general term for all kinds of ‘cake’ or ‘plug’ tobaccos, made chiefly from Virginia types.
2010 L. Erdrich Shadow Tag 188 She dusted her eyelids with blush, then drew lines along her lashes with cake eyeliner.
b.
cake colour n. paint or pigment prepared or sold in the form of a cake.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > colouring > colouring matter > [noun] > types of
lac1558
purpurin1558
colourish1598
earth1598
watercolour1598
earth colour1658
encaustic1662
lake1684
virgin tint1706
mosaic gold1746
bronze1753
gold bronze1769
cake colour1784
musive gold1796
sap-colour1816
repaint1827
moist colour1842
bronze powder1846
wax-colour1854
wax pigment1854
bitumen1855
chrome garnet1876
zinc-dust1877
zinc-powder1881
terra nera1882
earth pigment1900
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > equipment for painting or drawing > [noun] > paints
oil colour1498
oila1536
oil paint1759
cake colour1784
colour cake1794
moist colour1842
powder colour1862
tube-colour1881
tempera1883
powder paint1911
poster colour1925
finger paint1935
poster paint1939
1784 Morning Herald & Daily Advertiser 13 Mar. William Reeves has received the honorary bounty from the Society in the Adelphi, for the encouragement of Arts and Sciences, for forwarding that elegant branch of polite arts in superfine cake colours.
1859 T. J. Gullick & J. Timbs Painting 294 The pigments are prepared..as dry cake colours, as moist colours in earthenware pans..and in metal collapsible tubes.
2001 P. Seslar One-hour Watercolorist 20/1 Cake colors are compact and manageable, which makes them perfect for small studies painted on location.
cake copper n. now chiefly historical metallic copper in large pieces produced by a smelting process.Cf. tough-cake n. at tough adj. and n. Compounds 2.
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1799 Commerc. & Agric. Mag. Aug. 48 This raised cake copper to 100l. per ton.
1867 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 30 335/1 The stripping or skimming process in the smelting was now carried too far, the cake copper being seriously robbed by the greatly increased proportion of metal skimmed off to form the best selected copper.
1920 Chem. & Metall. Engin. Oct. 736/1 Rarely, if ever, is the copper added in the form of ingot or cake copper, because large, massive pieces require too long a period of time for solution.
2008 P. M. Jones Industr. Enlightenment vi. 224 The war [against Revolutionary France] had interrupted the importation of cake copper, just as it had closed off access to good-quality cast-steel.
cake soap n. soap prepared or sold in the form of a cake.
ΚΠ
1566 T. Blundeville Order curing Horses Dis. xcviii. f. 72v, in Fower Offices Horsemanshippe Dissolue therin one ounce of cake sope, and gyue it luke warme vnto the horse to drinke.
1763 Invoice (R. Cary & Co.) 13 Apr. in G. Washington Papers (1990) Colonial Ser. VII. 192 Cake Sope 56 lb.
2015 Herald & Rev. (Decatur, Illinois) (Nexis) 5 Mar. One child was painting, two were cooperating in making bubbles using cake soap, another was looking at a book.
C3. See also cake-bread n. and adj., cake house n.† cake-bearing adj. Zoology Obsolete rare (of a mammal) having a placenta that resembles a single flat cake.† cake fiddler n. Scottish Obsolete a parasite, sponger.
cake ball n. North American an item of confectionery made by forming a mixture of cake crumbs and icing into a sphere, which is then coated in icing, chocolate, or other edible decorations.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > confections or sweetmeats > sweets > [noun] > a sweet > globular sweet
aniseed ball1700
bull's-eye1825
brandy-ball1849
blackball1851
dump1869
cake ball1896
gobstopper1906
gulab jamun1917
1896 Househ. News (Philadelphia) Jan. 13/1 Menu. Cream of Tomato Soup. Lobster in Cream Sauce... Pink cake balls. Coffee.
1928 Syracuse (N.Y.) Herald 31 Oct. 13/2 Cocoanut-rolled cake balls were another temptation.
2011 Wall St. Jrnl. 8 Oct. d5/1 Imagine an oversize chocolate truffle with a dense-crumb, cookie-dough-like filling, and you've got the concept of the cake ball.
cake batter n. chiefly North American a thick liquid mixture, typically a combination of flour, sugar, butter, eggs, etc., used for making cakes; cf. cake mixture n.
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1840 Rundell's New Syst. Domest. Cookery (ed. 64) 234 Take a white paper, doubled and buttered, and put in the pan round the edge, if the cake batter fill it more than three parts; for space should be allowed for rising.
1890 Harper's Mag. Jan. 282/2 She sat on the door-step beating cake batter in a deep pan.
2009 Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 22 Oct. (Epicure section) 6 Get into the habit of breaking your egg into a small bowl before adding to the cake batter to avoid egg shells.
cake baxter n. Scottish (now historical and rare) a baker of cakes, esp. oatcakes; cf. baxter n.
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the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > cook > [noun] > baker
baxterOE
bakerOE
dougher1314
furnera1483
cake baxter1503
furnitor1601
Master of the Rolls1649
deadman1764
bakerdom1862
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > cook > [noun] > baker > woman baker
baxterOE
cake baxter1503
baxtress1519
bakeress1792
1503 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1869) I. 97 Caik-baxteris..that ar convict be ane assys for the baiking of caiks [etc.].
1649 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Glasgow (1881) II. 176 That the meill mercat..continow als long efternoone as the sellars pleissis, and the kaik baxters to have no farder priviledge nor they had befoir.
2013 M. M. Meikle Sc. People 1490–1625 ii. 104 The baxters often objected to female cake baxters who baked oatcakes at home. These women..were really only welcomed on the streets in times of famine.
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1667 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 2 510 As in all Cake-bearing (called..Placentifera), and in all Kernel-bearing (called Glandulifera) or Ruminating Animals.
cake box n. (a) a box for storing or carrying a cake or cakes; (b) a cylindrical storage container for blank, recordable compact discs, having a central spindle on which the discs are stacked.In modern use, sense (a) usually refers to a disposable cardboard carton, typically one with a cuboid shape. In earlier use, a cake box was a durable item that often had a cylindrical form (cf. cake tin n.). It is the latter which a cake box in sense (b) resembles.
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1840 Times 24 Sept. 5/4 As I brought a cake-box, I soon had a very attached friend, who talked big for me, and in private bullied and ate my lollypops.
1903 F. A. Evans Jewel Story Bk. 72 He carried with him a large tin cake box containing a fine plum cake.
1998 TDK Media? in comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware.cd-rom 28 June (Usenet newsgroup, accessed 21 Oct. 2019) CD-R74 Blank shiny silver—50 pk cakebox.
2012 D. Morgan Disappearing Home viii. 62 Mrs Naylor comes out of the shop carrying a pile of white cake boxes stacked on top of one another, tied together with red ribbon.
cake breaker n. (a) a machine for breaking cake (in sense A. 4b) to feed livestock; cf. cake cutter n. (a); (b) (originally and chiefly U.S.) a utensil resembling a comb with long prongs and a handle, used for cutting a sponge or similar light, delicate cake by perforating and separating the cake without squashing it (now chiefly historical).With quot. 1807 cf. oilcake n.
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1807 Norfolk Chron. 21 Mar. (advt.) Chaff Cutters at the usual prices. Oil Cake Breakers ditto.]
1822 Bury & Norwich Post 4 Sept. One cake breaker and chaff cutting machine.
1932 Chicago Tribune 27 May 19/2 Have you a cake breaker in your home? It's an affair with twenty or so slender five-inch prongs... Sink it into hot fluffy cakes and it cuts to perfection without smashing.
1944 K. S. Markley & W. H. Goss Soybean Chem. & Technol. 159 In order to increase the ease of water absorption, the hot cake is sometimes first run through a corn crusher or similar type of cake breaker.
2019 @chefschoolmiss 21 Feb. in twitter.com (accessed 7 May 2020) No, this antique kitchen tool isn't a torture device (or a comb) it's a cake breaker. It was used to tear apart delicate cakes like angel food.
cake cone n. chiefly North American a wafer ice-cream cone, esp. one with a flat bottom that can stand upright on a surface.
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the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun] > a cake > wafer
wafer1377
wafron?c1390
wafery1542
wafer-cake1585
wafer-biscuit1848
cake cone1910
1910 News-Record (Enterprise, Oregon) 2 July (advt.) When eating ice cream. First: Call for Enterprise Creamery's delicious ice cream. Next: Make sure it is served in an Enterprise Creamery's pure edible cake cone.
2011 J. Bowden in J. Bowden & J. Bessinger 150 Healthiest Comfort Foods on Earth 11 I remembered..walking through the streets of Woodstock, New York, with a cake cone dripping with vanilla fudge ice cream.
cake cutter n. (a) (in early use) an agricultural tool or machine used for cutting cake (in sense A. 4b) to feed livestock; (b) a kitchen utensil used for cutting dough into decorative shapes; cf. biscuit cutter n. at biscuit n. and adj. Compounds 3; (c) any of various kitchen utensils used for cutting or slicing cake.
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1830 Lincoln, Rutland, & Stamford Mercury 6 Aug. An assortment of Pressers, Drills, Winnowing-machines, Cake-cutters, Ploughs with iron heads, &c. &c.
1845 E. Acton Mod. Cookery ix. 261 Croutons..stamped out..with a round or fluted paste or cake cutter.
1897 Daily Times (Portsmouth, Ohio) 11 Dec. 3/2 Come and see our large stock of Christmas goods, such as..Springerle moulds, cake cutters [etc.].
1940 House & Garden Feb. 40/2 Even-portion cake cutter.
2018 Tampa Bay (Florida) Times (Nexis) 29 Mar. Investigators never have found the weapon that caused the stab wounds, but a cake cutter was missing from the store.
cake day n. (also with capital initials) (a) (Scottish) Hogmanay, New Year's Eve (now chiefly historical); (b) a day on which cake is provided or sold, esp. for a special occasion or as a fundraising event.In sense (a) with reference to the cakes traditionally given to children on that day.
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1805 W. Holland Diary 20 Jan. in Paupers & Pig Killers (1984) 105 Went to the Sunday School, few there and those small tho' it is cake day.
1845 T. Aird Old Bachelor 246 And then [in December] our Village children have ‘Barring-out Day’, ‘Guisarts’, ‘Cake-day’, and ‘Hansel Monday’.
1917 Glendale (Calif.) Evening News 1/4 Glendalians had a ‘Candy Day’ for the Glendale company of soldiers encamped on Dead Man's island. It was planned to have a ‘Pie Day’ and a ‘Cake Day’.
1963 G. Thomson Crocus Country xviii. 114 Everyone was supposed to have a great store of cakes, such as oatmeal cookies and shortbread on hand for such callers, and the day (Hogmanay) was often called ‘Cake Day’.
2014 @Aspall 28 Jan. in twitter.com (accessed 28 Nov. 2019) We are having a cake day today in aid of breast screening, selling fabulous cakes for a fantastic cause!
cake decoration n. (a) a decorative item used to ornament a cake, esp. an edible one made from sugar, chocolate, or the like; (as a mass noun) decorative ornamentation on a cake; (b) the action or practice of decorating a cake with such items.
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the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > [noun] > ornamentation or decoration > an ornament > specific
moonc1385
crescent1399
Christmas1706
curly-wurlya1772
cake decoration?1847
stalactite1851
panoply1890
stalactite-work1902
sunburst1921
dabbity1923
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > garnishing > [noun]
sticking1633
garniture1725
cake decoration?1880
?1847 Illustr. London Almanack 1848 63/2 The experience of every year adds to the proof of the danger of Cake decorations. In January last, an inquest was held at Sudbury, on the body of Maria Louisa French,..who died from eating some ornaments on a Twelfth Cake.
?1880 Party-giving on Every Scale i. 7 This elaborate style of ornamentation is not in the best possible taste, and a neater and less ornate class of cake decoration is considered more fashionable.
1987 G. Holt Nat. Trust Bk. Tuck Box Treats 52 These meringue animals are very popular at children's parties and if you make them in miniature they can be used as a cake decoration.
2011 Sunday Express (Nexis) 27 Mar. 9 Kate also wanted elements from the Joseph Lambeth technique of cake decoration, using intricate piping to make three dimensional scroll work, leaves and flowers.
cake doughnut n. North American a type of doughnut made from a cake-like batter rather than from dough leavened with yeast.
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1920 R. R. Lancaster Standard Premium List for Fairs (Colorado Agric. Coll.: Extension Bull. 1st Ser. No. 167-A) 20 Cake doughnuts.
1988 D. Roberts Jean Stafford i. 18 Only after this ordeal were refreshments served—invariably soggy cake doughnuts, peppermint sticks, and milk.
2007 N.Y. Mag. 12 Mar. 76/1 Yeast-raised doughnuts have their fans, but the all-American doughnut is the cake doughnut.
cake eater n. (a) a person who or animal which eats cake; (b) U.S. slang (usually depreciative) a man or boy regarded as self-indulgent or effeminate, esp. (in early use) one who attends fashionable tea parties; a person (typically a wealthy man) who leads a life of pleasure or idleness. [In quot. 1791 glossing Sitophagus, a name given to a mouse < ancient Greek σιτόφαγος that eats corn or bread.]
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the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > eating specific substances or food > [noun] > eating of other substances > eaters of other substances
fig-eater1552
cheese eater1603
oat-eatera1668
bean-eater1710
cake eater1791
gag-eater1820
haggis-eater1834
gum-chewer1850
pie-biter1863
nut-eater1878
toxiphagus-
society > morality > moral evil > evil nature or character > lack of magnanimity or noble-mindedness > self-interest > [noun] > selfishness > self-pleasing or self-indulgence > self-indulgent person
self-pleaser1582
indulger1648
suist1649
self-indulger1681
cake eater1916
1791 W. Cowper in tr. Homer Iliad & Odyssey II. 581 (note) The cake-eater, who lies in wait for bread.
1888 J. Fothergill Lasses of Leverhouse 178 We each had to supply, on an average, five tablesful of tea-drinkers and cake-eaters.
1916 B. Hall Diary 24 June in B. Hall & J. Niles One Man's War (1929) xix. 148 They've turned you from a snake-stomper into a cake-eater and soon you'll be a duke or count or something.
1922 Daily Ardmoreite (Ardmore, Okla.) 6 Jan. 10/4 He calls us ‘lounge lizards, tea drinkers, cake eaters and all that’.
1995 J. Stahl Permanent Midnight (1997) iv. 125 Mt. Lebo, see, was where the rich lived... Kids in Mt. Lebanon wore buttoned-down shirts and penny loafers... Mt. Lebanon was home to ‘cake eaters’.
2016 Telegraph-Jrnl. (New Brunswick) (Nexis) 15 Oct. c1 ‘I'm not a big cake eater,’ says Stamp, ‘but this is the one cake that I'll keep eating..until I have to get somebody to hide it from me.’
cake-fed adj. of an animal: fed chiefly or exclusively on cake (in sense A. 4b).
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1799 J. Banister Synopsis Husbandry iv. viii. 337 The beasts may be tied up in stalls, as was directed for the cake fed bullocks.
1960 Farmer & Stockbreeder 26 Jan. 92/3 The cake-fed ewes.
2007 Farmers Guardian (Nexis) 9 Nov. 78 At turnout, block-fed cattle..suffer no growth check at grass, whereas cake-fed cattle will generally ‘stand still’ for a month until the rumen adapts to the digestible fibre.
cake feeding n. the feeding of animals with cake (in sense A. 4b), as opposed to grass, etc.
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1799 Ann. Agric. 32 79 On the same principle as cake-feeding, some persons have tried, and it is said with success, linseed oil..and bran.
1960 Farmer & Stockbreeder 26 Jan. 92/3 Those ewes whose body weights were maintained..by cake-feeding.
2007 R. Jordan Coming In i. 30 To bring the steers in for cake feeding in the morning.
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a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid (1960) xiii. Transl. to Rdr. 76 I am na cayk fydlar, full weill ȝe knaw.
cake flour n. a flour suitable for use in making cakes and confectionery; spec. (chiefly North American) a finely ground, low-protein flour made from soft wheat.
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the world > food and drink > food > [noun]
meateOE
eatOE
foodOE
fodderOE
dietc1230
gista1290
victual1303
victualsa1375
preya1382
feedinga1398
pasturea1398
viancea1400
viandsc1400
livingc1405
meatingc1425
vitalyc1440
vianda1450
cates1461
vivers1536
viandry1542
viander1543
gut-matter1549
peck1567
belly-cheer1579
appast1580
manchet1583
chat1584
belly-metal1590
repasture1598
cibaries1599
belly-timber1607
belly-cheat1608
peckage1610
victuallage1622
keeping1644
vivresa1650
crib1652
prog1655
grub1659
beef1661
fooding1663
teething1673
eatablea1687
sunket1686
yam1788
chow-chow1795
keep1801
feed1818
grubbing1819
patter1824
ninyam1826
nyam1828
grubbery1831
tack1834
kai1845
mungaree1846
scoff1846
foodstuff1847
chuck1850
muckamuck1852
tuck1857
tucker1858
hash1865
nosh1873
jock1879
cake flour1881
chow1886
nosebag1888
stodge1890
food aid1900
tackle1900
munga1907
scarf1932
grubber1959
1881 N. Devon Jrnl. 19 May 4/5 (advt.) Cakes! By using Wheeler's Cake Flour, a good Cake is made at a cost of 3½d. per lb.
1931 Good Housek. (U.S. ed.) Dec. 92/1 (advt.) Here's a wonderful new-fashioned fruit cake... Make it just as the recipe tells you to—using Swans Down Cake Flour.
2011 N.Y. Times Mag. 24 July 42/2 Cake flour, a low-protein flour that is available in supermarkets from Boston..to Los Angeles, makes a fine biscuit.
cake man n. a man who makes or sells cakes.
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society > trade and finance > selling > seller > sellers of specific things > [noun] > seller of provisions > seller of bakery goods
pieman1301
waferer1362
wafroner1457
bun-seller1653
cake man1662
cake boy1776
muffin man1810
1662 C. Wase Dict. Minus Crustularius, a cake-man, a Pastry Cook.
1744 Gen. Advertiser 6 Dec. Why should not each dealer indulge at my cost, The fruit-man, the cake-man, as well as mine host?
1832 M. R. Mitford Our Village (1863) V. 410 We turned off our old stupid deaf cakeman.
2009 A. Michaels Winter Vault (2010) ii. 293 The cake man, Willy, used to play piano with them until he got his job at the bakery.
cake meal n. (a) meal produced by grinding cake (in sense A. 4b) after the expression of the oil; (b) finely ground matzo (matzo n.), often used in place of flour by Jewish people when baking and cooking during Passover.
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1825 Aurora & Franklin Gaz. (Philadelphia) 24 June Oil Casks, Cake meal, 1 Cross Cut saw.
1872 Sci. Amer. 27 Apr. 273/2 The hulls are used for fuel in the factory, and the greater part of the cake meal was sent to Europe.
1912 A. T. Philips Haggadah shel Pesach (Manischewitz) (Advt. section following p. 63) When you sit down to the Seder table to enjoy the many delightful Passover dishes, you can double your enjoyment when they're made with these good Manishchewitz Matzo Products: Matzo Meal, Cake Meal, Matzo Farfel, [etc.].
1992 D. K. Salunkhe et al. World Oilseeds v. 185 After sieving..the resultant cake meal exhibited a chemical composition comparable to that of defatted peanut flour.
2019 Washington Post (Nexis) 10 Apr. e10 Instead of using matzoh and cake meal to create crusts so we can have pizza and rolls during Passover, try nut flours, coconut flour and gluten-free starches.
cake mix n. the dry ingredients of a cake sold in a ready-mixed form, requiring only the addition of eggs, water, etc., in preparation for cooking.
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the world > food and drink > food > substances for food preparation > [noun] > batter or cake-mix
battera1475
pancake batter1615
cake mix1913
mix1922
sponge mixture1926
1913 Washington Post 8 Sept. 10/5 (advt.) Oriole Cake Mix 15c size.
1957 Which? 1 i. 15/1 Packaged cake-mixes are undoubtedly time-and-labour-saving.
2000 Washington Post (Nexis) 5 July f1 She grabbed a box of cake mix, whipped in some smashed bananas and chocolate chips, and shoved it in the oven.
cake mixer n. a kitchen utensil (now usually an electrical kitchen appliance) used for mixing, beating, or whisking the ingredients for cakes.
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the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > mixer
chocolate mill1703
cake mixer1867
mixer1876
electric mixer1900
food mixer1917
mixmaster1930
Osterizer1948
Waring blender1948
liquidizer1950
1867 Trans. N.Y. State Agric. Soc. 1866 26 139 Egg beater and cake mixer.
1906 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 1 Jan. 5/5 Come down to 80 Douglas street and get..a Cake Mixer (it whips cream, beats eggs and mixes cake).
2012 B. Wong Cupcakes with Attitude 11 If you have a cake mixer that comes with several attachments, I suggest using the paddle attachment when making cake batters and buttercream.
cake mixture n. a thick liquid mixture, typically a combination of flour, sugar, butter, eggs, etc., used for making cakes; cf. cake batter n.
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1844 Mrs. T. J. Crowen Every Lady's Bk. 8 Have round tin pans with sides nearly perpendicular, line them with white paper buttered, and fill them two or three inches deep of the cake mixture.
1954 T. Ronan Vision Splendid 42 One of the ovens contained an eggless, but still very appetizing cake mixture called ‘brownie’, which required longer and more careful cooking.
2003 N. Slater Toast 146 Joan let me dollop the cake mixture into the buttered tins.
cake pan n. chiefly North American a pan in which cakes are baked; = cake tin n. (a).
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the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > cooking vessel or pot > [noun] > ovenware > tin or pan
bake panc1350
trap?c1390
roaster1649
pattypan1660
cake pan1714
hoop1736
cake tin1771
baking tin?1775
tin1795
bake-kettle1828
bun-pana1845
brick tin1880
springform1902
tourtière1959
1714 M. Kettilby Coll. above 300 Receipts 97 Bake them in little Cake-pans in a quick Oven.
1884 M. J. Lincoln Boston Cook Bk. (1887) 374 Line the bottom and funnel of a cake pan with paper.
1902 N.Y. Times 31 Mar. 4 (advt.) Spring Form Cake-Pans, 45c.
2000 Denver Westword (Nexis) 21 Sept. (Food section) I slopped a few circles onto the prepared and parchmented cake pan..and popped them into the oven.
cake pop n. a small, round piece of cake coated in icing, chocolate, or other edible decorations and fixed on a stick so as to resemble a lollipop.
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2008 bakerella.blogspot.com 28 Jan. (blog, Internet Archive Wayback Machine 29 Sept. 2009) Don't lick, bite..into these sweet cake pops.
2010 Brides Sept. 176/2 Take some sponge cake, wrap it in cream cheese frosting, drape it in chocolate and spear it with a stick. The result? A cake pop.
2014 Sunday Life (Nexis) 30 Nov. 66 A festive take on the classic cake pop, the dizzy biscuit lollipop is the perfect hold-in-your-hand treat this Christmas party season.
cake print n. now chiefly historical a stamp used for impressing a design or motif onto the surface of a cake or biscuit.
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1616 in Hist. MSS Comm.: Rep. MSS Var. Coll. (1901) I. 89 in Parl. Papers (Cd. 784) XXXVI. i. 1 He saith that he doth make butter prints and cake prints and such like.
1837 E. Leslie Direct. for Cookery 360 New York Cookies... Stamp the surface of each with a cake print.
1989 W. W. Weaver Amer. Eats iv. 115/1 (caption) Square Conger cake print showing his popular Scottish motifs—dancers, barley sheaf, thistles, hops, and wild rose.
cake rack n. †(a) a rack used to hold and cool oilcake after processing; cf. sense A. 4b (obsolete); (b) a rack, now typically made from wire mesh, on which freshly made cakes or other foodstuffs are left to cool; cf. cooling rack n.
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1843 Reading Mercury & Oxf. Gaz. 29 July These Mills are..worked by a powerful Steam Engine, with every convenience of Granary, Lofts, Oil Cisterns, Cake Racks, [etc.].
1845 Manch. Guardian 22 Oct. 8/4 (advt.) A valuable assortment of household furniture and other effects,—comprising..plate shelf, cake rack, brass and other candle-sticks, [etc.].
1905 Good Housek. July 95/2 Rose Wafers... Cook in buttered wafer irons, then dry carefully on a sieve or cake rack.
1919 Indian Industries & Power Mar. 305/2 The meal cakes are allowed to remain under pressure from ten to forty minutes... The cake racks are usually placed in the most draughty part of the mill to assist the cooling process.
2004 A. Arlen Maine Sporting Camp Cookbk. 120 Cool on cake racks and remove from pans. Assemble cake.., spreading jam between the layers.
cake sale a sale of cakes, esp. a sale of donated (and usually home-made) cakes, held as a fundraising event.
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1860 Irish Times 19 Dec. 3 The great cake sale at the Hanover-square rooms.
1965 T. Capote In Cold Blood i. 9 His celebrated coconut cookies were the first item to go at charity cake sales.
2011 Daily Tel. 11 Nov. 33/3 I slap on lippie, pull on a coat and dash to the school gates with a tray of biscuits for the cake sale.
cake server n. North American a kitchen utensil with a broad, flat, wedge-shaped blade, used for cutting and serving cake; = cake slice n.
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the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > slice
slice1459
egg-slice1747
fish-slice1747
trowel1773
cake slice1813
fish-trowel1855
trowel-slicer1862
palette knife1889
cake server?1891
?1891 Halcyon (Swarthmore Coll., Pa.) 6 p. viii/1 (advt.) Silverware. Salad, berry and fish sets, ice cream knives, forks and spoons, cake servers.
2010 S. Sundin Distant Melody viii. 77 Allie slid the cake server under the piece and transferred it to the plate in Helen Carlisle's hand.
cake shop n. a shop where cakes are made or sold; (sometimes) spec. (Guyana) a local general store selling sweets, soft drinks, groceries, etc., as well as cakes or other snacks.
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1693 N. Staphorst tr. L. Rauwolf Trav. Eastern Countries i. viii, in J. Ray Coll. Curious Trav. I. 96 There is a great many Cake-shops kept in the Batzars, where all manner of Victuals are cleanly dressed.
1710–11 J. Swift Lett. (1767) III. 81 Boys and wenches buzzing about the cake-shops like flies.
1917 Bakers Rev. Feb. 19/2 The cake shop has..a Colborne pie roller and rimmer.
1963 C. Jayawardena Conflict & Solidarity in Guianese Plantation i. 5 Several less comprehensive shops known as ‘cake-shops’ which sell bottled drinks, sweets, snacks and tinned foods.
2002 O. Latsch tr. C. Funke Thief Lord (2010) 97 He skipped off toward the cake shop, which, a few steps away, filled the alley with its wonderful baking smells.
2019 www.stabroeknews.com (Guyana) 17 Sept. (online newspaper, accessed 28 Jan. 2020) The days of the common ‘cake shop’ and the somewhat more upscale community grocery are probably approaching an end.
cake slice n. chiefly British a kitchen utensil with a broad, flat, wedge-shaped blade, used for cutting and serving cake.
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the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > slice
slice1459
egg-slice1747
fish-slice1747
trowel1773
cake slice1813
fish-trowel1855
trowel-slicer1862
palette knife1889
cake server?1891
1813 J. Farey Gen. View Agric. Derbyshire II. vii. 130 A cake-slice or long thin iron spatula is shortly after used, to run under the Cake.
2009 J. Brand More you ignore Me i. 6 For Jennifer, a big week was one in which she bought a Mr Kipling's Battenberg cake and served it on a silvered cake plate with a cake slice.
cake stand n. (a) a stall or booth where cakes are sold; (b) a decorative base or plate, typically footed, and sometimes having a number of tiers, on which a cake or cakes may be displayed or served.
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the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [noun] > table-vessels > dish or plate > dish on stand
compotier1755
comport1771
cake stand1829
curate's comfort1898
curate's delight1898
curate's friend1898
compote1904
curate1914
1829 Australian 26 Aug. That the Price of each Booth, or Stand, be Twenty-five Shillings Sterling—for a Cake Stand Ten Shillings.
1831 Daily National Intelligencer (Washington) 28 Sept. Sheffield Plated Candlesticks, Branches, Oyster Dishes, Wine Coolers, Cake Stands, Fruit Baskets, &c.
1953 G. Greene Living Room i. i A cake-stand with bread-and-butter on one level and a plum cake on another.
2010 Newmarket Weekly News 16 Sept. 8/4 The Animal Health Trust..needs donations to sell from its tombola and cake stands at its annual gala open day.
2015 L. Carter Coast Guard Courtship ii. 26 Honey lifted the top of a glass cake stand filled with pastries.
cake tea n. tea compressed into a disc, typically made from leaves that have been dried then steamed (now usually with reference to Pu-erh tea; cf. Pu-erh n.).Chiefly in the context of Chinese tea. The discs (of various sizes) are wrapped and typically left to age and ferment, sometimes for decades, a serving being broken or scraped off to be made into a drink as needed. [After Chinese bǐngchá (already in Middle Chinese; compare Chinese bǐng round flat cake + chá tea: see cha n.).]
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1772 J. C. Lettsom Nat. Hist. Tea-tree i. viii. 26 The largest kind of this cake Tea, that I have seen, weighs about two ounces; the infusion and taste resemble those of good bohea Tea.
1944 G. S. Brady Materials Handbk. (ed. 5) 615 Cake tea, or Puerh tea, is produced in Yunnan. The leaves are panned, sundried, and steamed, and then pressed into circular cakes about 8 in. in diameter.
2016 @Coral_Qiu 30 Mar. in twitter.com (accessed 18 May 2020) Mini cake tea, Packaging with Yunnan characteristics, refined good gift tea.
cake tester n. an implement which is inserted into a cake to determine if it is fully cooked; spec. a long, thin metal probe designed for this purpose.
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c1900 Cook's Treasure House (Ladies' Aid. Soc. 2nd Congregational Church Waterbury, Conn.) 58 Bake in slow oven..for about an hour and a half, or until a cake tester comes out clean without batter clinging to it.
2014 B. Ross Boiled Over 308 Check for doneness with a toothpick or a cake tester.
cake tin n. (a) a tin in which cakes are baked; (b) a tin in which cakes are stored.
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the world > food and drink > food > place for storing food > [noun] > cake-tin
cake tin1771
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > cooking vessel or pot > [noun] > ovenware > tin or pan
bake panc1350
trap?c1390
roaster1649
pattypan1660
cake pan1714
hoop1736
cake tin1771
baking tin?1775
tin1795
bake-kettle1828
bun-pana1845
brick tin1880
springform1902
tourtière1959
1771 H. Steward Catal. Furnit. Francis Laprimaudaye 8 Brass dog collar, two cake tins, pewter crane, porringer and stand.
1846 Lady Montefiore Jewish Man. vii. 139 Put the apples into an oval cake tin.
1965 ‘T. Hinde’ Games of Chance ii. i. 155 I'd..been relieved to find in the cake-tin that yesterday's Swiss roll had only been reduced by three inches.
2007 BBC Good Food: Vegetarian Summer 37/1 Line the base and sides of a loose-based 20cm cake tin with baking parchment.
cake topper n. originally U.S. (a) something used as the top layer or garnish for a cake, such as fruit, nuts, cream, etc.; (b) a decoration of figures, flowers, lettering, etc., for the top of a cake, typically designed to be a flamboyant or expressive feature for use at a celebration (now the usual sense).
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1942 Ludington (Mich.) Daily News 14 Feb. 4/4 Let these new cake toppers take the place of rich frostings. Sprinkle chopped prunes and salted peanuts over loaf cake batter...Bake as usual and the cakes come out already frosted.
1965 N.Y. Times 1 Nov. c21/2 (advt.) It can't be... But it is. All paper... The centerpieces, the place settings, the decorations... Cake Topper..1.99 [$]. [The accompanying image shows a paper model of a circus big top placed on top of a cake.]
2003 Charleston (W. Va.) Gaz. (Nexis) 4 June 3 d Sweetened whipped cream or Cool Whip would be a good vote-getter as an alternative cake topper.
2019 @CocoDavies 6 Aug. in twitter.com (accessed 4 May 2020) Our wedding was the best..!! Check out the hand-sculpted cake topper of us (& our dog Frank!) made by my aunt.
cake urchin n. any of various sea urchins, esp. of the order Clypeasteroida, having a round and flattened or globular shape.Other names for some of these sea urchins include sand dollar, sand cake, and sea biscuit. [Originally after scientific Latin Echinus placenta ( Linnaeus Systema naturae (ed. 10, 1758) I. 666).]
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1841 E. Forbes Hist. Brit. Starfishes 179 The Cake-Urchin is allied to several genera, presenting very singular and eccentric forms,—forms which may be regarded as linking the Sea-Urchins with the true Starfishes.
1908 R. Hanitsch Guide Zool. Coll. Raffles Mus. 93 Sea-Urchins are divided into three orders, the Regular Urchins (Regularia), the Cake Urchins (Clypeastroidea), and the Heart Urchins (Spatangoidea).
1984 Jrnl. Crustacean Biol. 4 572 Two more species are symbionts of cake urchins.
2010 L. M. Martin & S. M. Slack-Smith Sea Stingers 207 This very common tropical Indo West Pacific sea urchin [sc. Tripeustes gratilla], sometimes known as the cake urchin, lives on coral reefs and limestone platforms.
cake woman n. a woman who makes or sells cakes.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > selling > seller > sellers of specific things > [noun] > seller of provisions > seller of bakery goods > woman
wafrestre1377
pie-wife1592
wafer-woman1607
cake woman1648
pie woman1653
pie-lass1837
tart-woman1848
1648 Elegy on Timely Death J. Warner (single sheet) An Apple-Woman there he seiz'd upon, And a Cake-Woman did his Zeal much wrong.
1836 Southern Literary Messenger 2 303 Justices and jurymen,—counsellors and clients—..constables and cake women.
2013 S. Bhat Family took Shape 237 The cake woman had painted peacock feathers climbing the cake.
Derivatives
cake-like adj. resembling (that of) a cake (in various senses).
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1733 P. Shaw in tr. F. Bacon Philos. Wks. III. 272 (note) A Cake-like Excrescence on Trees.
1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 764/2 The cake-like organ..which covers the ear.
1951 Ogden (Utah) Standard Examiner 16 Feb. 24/8 There will be a custardly layer at the bottom and a cake-like layer at the top.
2019 Mercury News (Calif.) (Nexis) 7 Oct. Soft, cake-like texture with crispy edges give these [waffles] a pleasant, dessert-like charm.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2020; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
cakev.
/keɪk/, U.S. /keɪk/ 1.
a. intransitive. To form, harden, or coagulate into a (usually flattish) compact mass; to form into a thick crust or deposit, esp. on a surface. Also with together.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > become (more) dense or solid [verb (intransitive)] > into a flattened mass
cake1583
1583 [implied in: P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke v. xx. 246 Now of hard or rather of indurated, and (as I may say) of caked fleame, there doe arise all those harde knottes, which are most founde in the ioyntes. (at caked adj. 1)].
1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) iii. viii. 233/2 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I Their saffron is not so fine as that of Cambridge shire and about Walden, so it will not cake, ting, nor hold colour withall.
1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 88 Lead as soone as it is taken off the fire..caketh together.
1622 G. de Malynes Consuetudo 49 Coale..such as will not cake or knit in the burning.
1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 212 The Powder..caking and growing hard.
1813 H. Davy Elements Agric. Chem. iv. 160 The stiff clays..in dry weather..cake, and present only a small surface to the air.
1916 G. Frankau Guns 11 Now the foul clay cakes on britching strap and clogs the quick-release.
1931 Good Housek. (U.S. ed.) Dec. 169/2 (advt.) A heavy powder on a dry skin will ‘cake’.
2001 K. Kelsey & A. Steel Truth about Sci. i. 15 Stir in all the cornstarch. It will cake at the bottom of the bowl, but this needs to get mixed in too.
b. transitive. To form, harden, or coagulate (a substance) into a (usually flattish) compact mass, or into a thick crust or deposit. Also figurative. In early use chiefly in passive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > make dense or solid [verb (transitive)] > into a flattened mass
bakec1440
cake1615
1615 E. Grimeston tr. P. d'Avity Estates 35 They drawe bloud from their kine, and when it is curded and caked with boyling they put it vpon butter, and so eat it.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) ii. ii. 212 Their blood is cak'd, 'tis cold, it sildome flowes. View more context for this quotation
1708 J. C. Compl. Collier 5 in T. Nourse Mistery of Husbandry Discover'd (ed. 3) Turn it [sc. Coal] over after it is Caked, it will again burn brisk.
1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 97 It [sc. a Barrel of Gun-powder] had taken Water, and the Powder was cak'd as hard as a Stone.
1853 M. Arnold Sohrab & Rustum in Poems (new ed.) 42 The big warm tears roll'd down, and cak'd the sand.
1950 Antioch Rev. 10 498 The sun caked the earth to a knobby, brittle crust.
2010 Frome & Somerset Standard (Nexis) 16 Sept. 30 Torrential rain on Tuesday evening..did nothing to upset the show for the sun shone and caked the mud which covered the tracks around the field.
2.
a. transitive. To encrust or cover (a person or thing) thickly with or in a substance. Also with over. Usually in passive.Earliest in figurative use.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > coating or covering with a layer > coat or cover with a layer [verb (transitive)] > encrust
barken1513
crust1545
impaste1548
incrustate1570
befur1581
scurf1599
overcrust1603
cake1609
imbake1632
bark1633
encrusta1691
becrust1830
accrust1842
overscurf1881
1609 T. Dekker Raueuens Almanacke (STC 6519) sig. B3v When the thames is couered ouer with yce, and mens hearts caked ouer and crusted with crueltie.
1677 R. Hooke Lampas 3 If the Wick be but short, and suffered only to go but a very little within the under-Superficies of the flame, it will not be so stopped and caked with those feculencies.
1717 T. H. Ridout tr. Horace in Poems & Transl. 41 Rivers, cak'd in Ice, forget to flow.
1721 J. W. Secret Hist. Pythagoras Introd. 10 It was cak'd over with a rough Case of Earth and Rust intermingled.
1845 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Dec. 684/1 The coats of the horses were caked with sweat and dust.
1922 W. Cather One of Ours iii. viii. 233 Claude came downstairs early and began to clean his boots, which were caked with dry mud.
1977 P. L. Fermor Time of Gifts iii. 56 With freezing cheeks and hair caked with snow, I clumped into an entrancing haven of oak beams and carving and alcoves and changing floor levels.
2005 T. Hall Salaam Brick Lane iii. 62 No light filtered through the windows, which were caked in London dirt.
b. transitive. To apply (a substance, esp. make-up) in a thick or heavy layer. Chiefly with on, over. Cf. caked-on adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > coating or covering with a layer > coat or cover with a layer [verb (transitive)] > smear or spread with a substance > smear (a substance)
cleamc1000
smeara1400
spread?a1425
strike1525
splet1530
dab1592
stroke1594
sponge1607
daub1647
wipe1738
plaster1799
teerc1850
slather1866
cake1944
1944 C. Talbot Compl. Home Care Family Wardrobe iii. 40/4 Guide to shoe care... Don't cake on too much polish.
1981 ‘A. Hall’ Pekin Target xviii. 185 As soon as I had enough loose soil I began caking it over the buckles of the haversacks and the binocular case to take away the shine.
1998 CBS News Transcripts (Nexis) 4 Aug. She put on a little too much foundation, like she caked the foundation.
2011 C. Chow Bitter Melon 126 The foundation looks peachy and pasty, especially on me, because I caked it on to cover up my acne.
3. transitive. To feed (cattle or other livestock) on cake (cake n. 4b). Also intransitive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > providing or receiving food > feeding animals > [verb (transitive)] > feed with specific food or meal
sup1575
winter-feed1606
soil1608
supper1666
browse1675
cake1799
slop1848
mash1859
pair-feed1944
zero-graze1954
1799 A. Young Gen. View Agric. County Lincoln xiii. 298 For the weights above given, Mr. Lloyd never cakes, but for large ones he does.
1851 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 12 ii. 334 Many farmers cake their hogs on the turnips.
1889 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. (ed. 2) I. 626 Cake, to feed cattle with linseed or cotton cake. I alus caake my yohs e' winter as well as th' hogs.
1904 R. Kipling They (1905) 71 You've sixty-seven [bullocks] and you don't cake.
1997 W. Kloefkorn This Death by Drowning vi. 110 A rancher with his hired hand is caking the cattle.
4. transitive. U.S. To give (a person) cake, esp. at a meal, party, etc. Now rare.
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1840 Burton's Gentleman's Mag. Apr. 158 He lemonaded her, and promenaded her, and wined her, and caked her, and ice-creamed her.
1861 J. B. Jones Rebel War Clerk's Diary (1866) I. 33 [The ladies of Richmond] wine them and cake them—and they deserve it.
1932 D. Herold Doing Europe & Vice Versa iii. 12 We breakfast late, are plied with broth about eleven, lunch at about one, are teaed and caked about four.
Phrasal verbs
to cake off
intransitive. Of a substance such as mud, cement, plaster, etc.: to fall off a surface in dry chunks; to form or harden into a compact mass or thick crust and drop off; to flake off.
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1834 Standard 20 Oct. The original stone work.., which had been improved, or covered, by modern composition, is once more visible, its covering having caked off by the heat of the fire.
1915 R. P. Clarkson Pract. Talks on Farm Engin. iv. 33 Cement grout is..very liquid and applied like paint. It is not very efficient when used on old concrete, for it readily peels or cakes off after a short time.
2005 M. Walzak Bond of Brotherhood xviii. 88 The mud from his boots caked off onto the floorboard.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2020; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.adj.c1225
v.1583- thrush-nightingale
- thrush-paste
- thrush-tit
- thrushathrush
- thrushbabbler
- thrushblackbird
- thrushbreast
- thrushel
- thrushes
- thrushfish
- thrushfungus
- thrushhaunted
- thrushlichen
- thrushlike
- thrushling
- thrushnightingale
- thrushpaste
- thrushtit
- thrushy
- thrust
- thrust a person's nose out of joint
- thrust a thing down a person's throat
- thrust and parry
- thrust augmentation
- thrust augmentor